2022届新教材高考英语一轮复习语法专题提升第三部分理清常用句式3.3并列句和状语从句学案含解析新人教版

第三讲　并列句和状语从句

并列句

◎题组微练(单句语法填空)

1．[2021·安徽省高三联考]They serve as an important driving force for local economic and social development, while acting as a bridge between Quanzhou ________ the wider world.

2．[2021·河北省衡水中学第一次模拟]Some people are able to lose weight on high­protein diets in the short­term but this weight loss is not due to eating more animal protein, ________ simply due to consuming fewer calories.

3．[2021·邯郸一模]Life isn't perfect and it's always hard, ________ we need reminders in our life from friends, authors, bloggers, pastors or our inner spirits to refocus on the things that matter and make us live positively.

语法填空解题技法

【典例感悟】

1．[2020·新高考山东卷]They kept their collection at home until it got too big ________ until they died, and then it was given to a museum.

2．[2020·浙江卷1月]It's also that they are on average healthier ________ more productive for longer.

3．[2019·全国卷Ⅱ]Irene said，“I don't see any reason to give up work.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made over the years.I work not because I have to, ________ because I want to.”

4．[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]In much of Asia, especially the so­called “rice bowl” cultures of China，Japan，Korea, ________ Vietnam，food is usually eaten with chopsticks.

5．[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]So，get an early start and try to be as productive ________ possible before lunch.

【答题微点】

语法填空解题“2策略”

1．分析单词、短语或句子的逻辑关系或句式结构

(1)完整的句子中，如果两个单词或短语并列，要填并列连词；

(2)若两个句子(两个主谓结构)之间没有句号或分号，也没有连词，空格处必定填连词。

2．注意固定句式中的连词

状语从句

考点一  常见的状语从句

1.时间状语从句

(1)when, while与as引导的时间状语从句

We will ensure that people from Taiwan will enjoy the same treatment as local people when they pursue their studies or seek jobs in mainland.

我们将确保台湾同胞在大陆求学或就业时，享有与当地人同等的待遇。

(2)before与since引导的时间状语从句

①before与since的常用句式

It won't be long before we meet again.

过不了多长时间我们就又见面了。

②since引导的从句如果用非延续性动词，所表示的是自从句谓语动作开始算起；若用延续性动词或状态动词，所表示的就是自动作或状态的完成或结束时算起。

As is reported，it is over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded.

据报道，清华大学已经建立了100多年了。

(3)表示“一……就……”含义的词(短语)引导的时间状语从句

①引导时间状语从句，且表示“一……就……”含义的词或短语有as soon as，the moment，the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, hardly/scarcely ...when ...，no sooner ...than ...等。

Directly I received his letter I went to see him.

我一收到他的信就去看他。

②hardly/scarcely ... when ...，no sooner ...than ...中主句应用过去完成时，从句应用一般过去时；当no sooner ... 和hardly/scarcely ...位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。

Hardly had she heard the sad story when she burst out crying.

她一听到这个悲伤的故事就哭了。

(4)until与till引导的时间状语从句

It was not until he told me about it again that I had any idea of it.

直到他再次告诉我这件事，我才有了这个想法。

(5)引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词(短语)

①其他常见的引导时间状语从句的连词(短语)还有 after, whenever, every time, each time, next time, the first/last time, any time, by the time, the day/year 等。

Every time I express my opinion, she always argues back.

每次我发表意见，她总是反驳。

②by the time引导的时间状语，从句如果用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时；从句如果用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。

2．条件状语从句

(1)条件状语从句的常见引导词if，unless，as/so long as, in case (万一), once, on condition that, provided/providing (that), supposing (that)等。

My parents don't mind what job I do as long as I am happy.

只要我高兴，我的父母不在意我从事什么工作。

(2)条件状语从句的时态

用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。

If everyone does his part, the project will surely be a success.

如果每个人都尽自己的一份力，这个项目一定会成功。

3．让步状语从句

Much as/though I have traveled, I have never seen anyone who's as capable as John.

虽然我经常旅行，但我从未见过像约翰那样能干的人。

4．原因状语从句

(1)because用来回答why的提问，语气最强，一般放在主句之后。

The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife.

老人让露西挪到另一把椅子上，因为他想坐在妻子旁边。

(2)since/now that表示已知的理由、稍加分析即可表明的原因，多放在句首；as引导的从句常放在句首，说明次要的原因，主句说明结果，常用于口语中。

名师点津　when, seeing that, considering that 表示“既然；考虑到”，也可引导原因状语从句。

She is very active, considering that she is getting in years.

考虑到她已年事渐高，她还是很活跃的。

◎题组微练(单句语法填空)

1．[2021·云南省七校高考适应性考试]________ he wants to convey，the writer is expected to be good at summarization and Chinese to produce a couplet with a few characters that is excellent in both content and language.

2．[2021·陕西咸阳二模]Researchers have found, in their experiment, that a baby's cries can cause unique emotional responses in the brain, making it impossible for us to ignore them ________ we are parents or not.

3．[2021·太原二模]I had hardly sat down on the train and opened a bar of chocolate ________ a really old man with huge bags sat down across from me.

4．[2021·山东省济南市高三模拟]The doctor was certain I would test positive for coronavirus, but gave me the option to test ________ I wanted to know for sure. I opted to be tested.

5．[2018·江苏卷]________ you can sleep well，you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.

考点二  其他状语从句

1.地点状语从句

where与wherever意义基本相同，但后者语气较强，多用于书面语。同时地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。

When solving the problem a second time，you'd better be more careful where you made a mistake.

＝When solving the problem a second time，you'd better be more careful in the place where you made a mistake.

再次解决这个问题时，你最好在上次出错的地方更仔细一些。

Where there's a will, there's a way.

有志者，事竟成。

2．目的状语从句

(1)so that/in order that引导的目的状语从句中需用情态动词can，could 等；in order that引导的从句可位于主句之前或之后，so that引导的从句只能位于主句之后；

(2)for fear that (唯恐；以防)与in case引导的目的状语从句中，谓语动词有时也用should/might/could＋动词原形。

The boy hid himself behind the tree for fear that his father might see him.

男孩躲在树后，怕他父亲看见他。

3．结果状语从句

(1)so that引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用情态动词，从句前可加逗号。

We turned up the radio, so that everyone heard the news.

我们把收音机音量调大，这样每个人都能听到新闻。

(2)so ... that中so后面跟形容词或副词；such...that中such后面跟名词。

Jack is so honest a worker that we all believe him.

＝Jack is such an honest worker that we all believe him.

杰克是一个非常诚实的工人，我们都相信他。

4．方式状语从句

(1)as引导方式状语从句，意为“按照”。

Will you please do the experiment as I am doing?

请你像我一样做这个实验好吗？

(2)as if或as though的意义和用法基本一样；从句中可以用陈述语气表示可能符合事实，也可以用虚拟语气表示与事实相反。

Jack wasn't saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he had done something very clever.

杰克什么也没说，但老师朝他笑了笑，好像他做了件很聪明的事。

5．比较状语从句

as ... as; not so/as ... as; the same ... as表示相同程度的比较，肯定句用as ...as，否定句可用not as ... as或not so ... as。

He doesn't run so/as fast as Jack (does)．

他跑得没有杰克快。

◎题组微练(单句语法填空)

1．[2018·天津卷]Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend so ________ they get sweet enough to be eaten.

2．[2021·济南市高三针对性练习] The Chinese have such a close relationship with tea ________ they have developed an entire “Tea Culture”．

语法填空解题技法

【典例感悟】

1．[2021·河北衡水中学一调]The song “A little bit longer” by Nick Jonas is ________ an emotional and inspiring song that whenever I hear it, I always come close to dropping down tears.

2．[2020·全国卷Ⅲ]________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.

3．[2019·天津卷]Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion ________ he wants their support.

4．[2018·北京卷]________ we don't stop climate change，many animals and plants in the world will be gone.

5．[2017·北京卷]If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people ________ you figure it out.

【答题微点】

语法填空解题“3牢记”

1．牢记连词词义并能熟练运用是解答题目的先决条件；

2．牢记固定句式结构，确定从属连词；

3．根据主从句的逻辑关系确定状语从句的连接词。

如果主从句是因果关系，则要考虑用because, as, since; 如果主从句有时间先后之分，则要考虑用时间状语从句的连接词；如果从句为主句的条件， 则要考虑用if; 如果从句表示让步， 则要考虑用although, though, while。

语法填空

[2021·沈阳教学质量监测]Weddings are generally considered personal events, but some couples in India are more than happy to have strangers all over the world attend 1.________ (they) traditional weddings, for a fee.

2．________ (pay) hundreds of dollars to attend the wedding of two strangers in a 3.________ (total) foreign country may seem strange to some people, but according to a company specializing in wedding tourism, it is “the 4.________ (culture) immersion (沉浸)” for tourists to experience many elements of Indian culture. Customers get to put on traditional Indian clothing, taste local food, and experience Indian wedding customs, which will usually create 5.________ unique atmosphere for the customers. As for the couples getting married, they get to share the happiest day of their lives not just with family and friends, 6.________ with the world.

Tourists 7.________ (interest) in attending a traditional Indian wedding through Join My Wedding have to pay a fee of $150 for the one­day attendance, or $250 for two days, 8.________ covers the entrance to the wedding plus food and drinks as well as a person to welcome them and explain all the traditional customs.

So far, feedback from both tourists and Indian couples 9.________ (appear) to be very positive. “The 10.________ (contribute) I made was the best and easiest way to thank the couple for their hospitality and this extraordinary experience，” one Hungarian tourist said. Couples, on the other hand, are excited to know people from other countries.

第三讲　并列句和状语从句

并列句

突破高考重点　点拨易错易混

1．答案与解析：and　考查并列连词。句意：他们是当地经济和社会发展的重要驱动力，同时也是泉州与世界的桥梁。分析句子结构可知，空处填并列连词，再根据句意可知，between...and...意为“在……之间”，故填and。

2．答案与解析：but　考查固定搭配。句意：有些人能够在短期内通过高蛋白饮食来减肥，但这种减肥并不是因为吃了更多的动物蛋白，而只是因为摄入了更少的卡路里。固定搭配：not...but...“不是……而是……”。

3．答案与解析：so　考查连词。句意：生活并不完美，而且总是充满艰辛，因此我们在生活中需要朋友、作家、博主、牧师或者我们自己内心的提醒，从而使自己重新关注那些重要的和可以让我们积极生活的事情。根据句意可知，设空处前后为因果关系。

刷经典试题　明晰解题技法

语法填空解题技法

1．答案与解析：or　考查连词。分析句子结构可知，until it got too big和until they died并列，同时结合语境可知，此处表示选择关系，故用连词or。

2．答案与解析：and　考查并列连词。结合句意可知， healthier 和more productive 构成并列关系， 故填and。

3．答案与解析：but　分析句子结构并根据句意“……我工作不是因为我不得不工作，而是因为我想工作”可知使用了固定搭配not ...but ...“不是……而是……”。

4．答案与解析：and　此处是顺承关系，所以填and。

5．答案与解析：as　句意为：因此，早点儿开始并且在午饭前要尽可能高效。固定结构as...as possible意为“尽可能……”，第二个as为连词。

状语从句

突破高考重点　点拨易错易混

考点一

1．答案与解析：Whatever　考查让步状语从句。无论作者想传达什么，他都得有好的概括力和驾驭汉语的本领。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处所在的句子为让步状语从句，从句中的convey是及物动词，故引导词作convey的宾语，此处表示“无论什么”，故只能填Whatever。

2．答案与解析：whether　句意：研究者们在他们的实验中发现，婴儿啼哭能够引起头脑中独特的情感反应，使得我们不可能忽略他们，无论我们是不是父母。whether...or...可用来引导让步状语从句，意为“无论……还是……”。

3．答案与解析：when　考查连词。hardly...when...意为“一……就……”，为固定用法，符合语境，故用连词when引导时间状语从句。

4．答案与解析：if　考查连词。句意：医生肯定我会检测出冠状病毒阳性，但如果我想确定的话，他给了我检测的选择权。由语境可知，此处表“条件”，应用连词if。

5．答案与解析：Unless　句意为：如果你睡不好觉的话，一两夜过后你就会无法集中注意力，无法做计划，也无法保持干劲了。考查状语从句。根据语境此处考查条件状语从句，unless＝if...not“除非……；如果不……”。

考点二

1．答案与解析：that　句意为：到周末我们再摘这些桃子吧，那样的话它们就变得足够甜能吃了。本题考查状语从句。由设空处后的内容可判断设空处引导目的状语从句，故答案为that，即so that引导目的状语从句。

2．答案与解析：that　考查固定结构。分析该句结构并结合句意可知，该句使用了“such...that...”结构来引导结果状语从句。故用that。

刷经典试题　明晰解题技法

语法填空解题技法

1．答案与解析：such　句意：Nick Jonas所写的《坚持到底》是如此抒情、鼓舞人心的一首歌，以至于每当我听到它时几乎都会落泪。此处为“such＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋that从句”结构，意为“如此……以至于……”。

2．答案与解析：When/As　考查状语从句。When/As在句中表示“当……时”。

3．答案与解析：unless　考查状语从句。句意：汤姆很独立，除非他想得到父母的支持，否则他从不征求父母的意见。根据语境可知，这里用从属连词unless“除非”引导条件状语从句。

4．答案与解析：If　句意为：如果我们不制止气候变化，世界上的很多动物和植物将会死去。本题考查状语从句。根据句意可知，设空处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，故填If。

5．答案与解析：until　unitl“直到”，引导时间状语从句。

对点跟踪检测　提升应试能力

语法填空

【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。该文主要介绍了印度一些新婚夫妇欢迎世界各地的陌生人付费参加他们的传统婚礼。迄今为止， 新人和游客对该活动都给予了非常积极的反馈。

1．答案与解析：their　考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的名词“weddings”，需要用形容词性物主代词，所以填their。

2．答案与解析：Paying　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为“may seem”，此处应为动名词短语作主语，所以填Paying。

3．答案与解析：totally　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的形容词“foreign”，需要用副词，所以填totally。

4．答案与解析：cultural　考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的名词“immersion”，需要用形容词，所以填cultural。

5．答案与解析：a　考查冠词。表示“一种……的氛围时”常用a(n)．.. atmosphere, 又因为此处“atmosphere”前的“unique”的发音以辅音音素开头，所以填a。

6．答案与解析：but　考查连词。此处表示“他们不仅有机会和家人、朋友分享这个他们人生中最幸福的日子， 还有机会和全世界分享”，所以填but。

7．答案与解析：interested　考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的名词“Tourists”，所以填interested。

8．答案与解析：which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词指物，所以填which。

9．答案与解析：has appeared　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“So far”可知，本句时态应为现在完成时；主语为不可数名词“feedback”，所以填has appeared。

10．答案与解析：contribution　考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处为主句主语，表示 “我所做的贡献”，应用名词。