人教新目标中考英语复习--　综合填空课件PPT

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1.综合填空题主要考查考生对单词、语法知识、构词法知识的综合运用能力, 并检验考生掌握所学词汇的程度。中考对词汇的考查已不仅仅停留在对词汇知识的机械记忆上, 而是着重考查考生在特定语言环境中运用词汇的能力。
2.综合填空题的考查重点是: (1)名词的复数及所有格的用法; (2)序数词的构成及用法; (3)形容词、副词的原级、比较级、最高级的用法; (4)人称代词的主格、宾格以及名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词的用法; (5)动词的时态和语态; (6)连词、介词等的用法。3.考查的方式: (1)首字母提示;(2)用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。
首字母填空类短文是将一篇文章中若干个词“掏空”, 留下该词的首字母, 该首字母既作为提示又作为限制, 让我们根据短文的意思把单词拼写完整, 使文章连贯。答题时要在通读全文、掌握大意的前提下, 采用先易后难, 逐项填空的应试策略。
典例(2018天津)Hw d we knw the time? A clck, a watch r a cell phne can help us. Hwever, many years ag there were n clcks and knwing the time was nt s easy. Over the centuries, peple have develped different w　1　 f telling the time.  Abut 5, 500 years ag, the Egyptians i　2　 the sun clck. This was a tall stne structure. Its shadw(影子) shwed the mvement f the s　3　. They were able t determine(测定) midday.  
Abut 3, 500 years ag, the Egyptians made a sundial. It was smaller than the sun clck and culd measure(测量) the time fr half a day. On c　4　 days r at night it was impssible t tell the time with a sun clck r a sundial.  Water clcks were the f　5　 clcks nt t use the sun. The idea is simple. Water flws(流动) frm ne cntainer(容器) t anther. When the water reaches a certain l　6　, it mves a lever(控制杆) and this shws the hurs. The Egyptians used water clcks abut 3, 400 years ag. These clcks were ppular in the Middle East and China but they f　7　 t keep accurate(精确的) time.  
In the 13th century, the mechanical clck was invented. This was mre accurate, b　8　 was expensive t make. Over the next few centuries it was develped. Fr example, springs(发条) were added arund 1500.This i　9　 accuracy and allwed clcks t be smaller.  In 1927, the first quartz clck was develped. Clcks became cheaper t build and wn. Peple began depending n them mre and mre t run businesses, markets and s n.
Mre recently, in 1956, came the digital clck. And nwadays satellites(人造卫星) send ur cell phnes the time t the exact secnd. There has been a lt f prgress in timekeeping but sme things never c　10　. Many f us still have truble getting ut f bed n time and nt missing appintments.  
答案与解析:1.ways　由句意可知此处表示知道时间的“方式”, 故填ways。2.invented　句意: 大约5, 500年前, 埃及人发明了太阳时钟。意思是“发明”, 且应用一般过去时, 故填invented。3.sun　太阳时钟的影子显示的是太阳的运动轨迹, 故填sun。4.cludy　在阴天的时候或者晚上太阳时钟或日晷是无法测出时间的。此处应填cludy。5.first　句意: 水钟是最初不用太阳的时钟。表示“第一, 首先, 最初”, 故应填first。
6.level　表示“水平高度”, 应填level。7.failed　水钟不能维持准确的时间, 表示“失败, 未能(做到)”, 且应用一般过去时, 应填failed。8.but　机械表更加准确了, 但是制造费用特别高。表示转折关系, 应填but。9.imprved　发条的使用增加了时钟的准确性。表示“增加, 增强”, 且应用一般过去时, 应填imprved。10.change　计时的工具有了很多改进, 但是很多事情还是不能发生改变。表示“改变”, 且前面有never修饰, 故应填change。
6.what　句意: 比尔很难过, 不知道该做些　　　。此处是knw后跟动词不定式的用法, d后没有宾语, 可知空格处即它的宾语, 根据语境可推知“他不知道该做什么”, 故填what。 7.him　句意: 他的一个朋友告诉　　　去镇上的修理铺。比尔是男生, 此处缺少宾语, 故填宾格him。 8.fund　句意: 在收音机里, 那个人　　　了两只死蟑螂。根据语境和首字母提示, 可推测意为“找到, 发现”, 根据上文的时态可判断用过去时, 故填fund。 
9.Why　根据下文的回答“Because...”可知这是why引导的疑问句, 故填why, 且位于句首, 首字母应大写。10.sngs　根据上文“Because the tw singers died in my radi.”可推知他很伤心“我怎样才能听到美妙的歌曲呢?”, 故填sngs, 前面没有表示单数的限定词, 故用复数形式。
用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空型
借助上下文来确定它的适当形式。如: 若空缺处需要填写动词, 那么就要考虑动词的时态、语态等; 若空缺处需要填写形容词, 那么就要考虑形容词的比较级、最高级及固定句式等。
典例2用下面方框中单词的适当形式填空, 使短文意思正确、通顺, 每词限用一次。
different　excite　g　gd　live　lw　mean nature　time　west
An ld saying ges, “When in Rme(罗马), d as the Rmans d.”I learned the 　1　 f this when I studied in Russia.
One day I invited sme f my Chinese friends t a famus lcal restaurant in Mscw. My guests and I were 　2　 frm visiting Red Square and happy abut ur meeting. We had a warm chat until the waiter tld me that we were being t lud. We turned ur vices 　3　. But this didn’t last lng. The waiter came ver t us tw mre 　4　 with the same message.  
Hw bad an impressin(印象) we must have left n the lcal peple! In China, it’s 　5　 and imprtant fr a hst t make a 　6　 atmsphere(气氛). Hwever, in Russia and 　7　 cuntries, having a meal in a public place means yu must keep yur vice lw. Yu need t be plite t thers.  I felt bad abut this. Even thugh we tried ur 　8　, it’s very difficult t develp a new habit.  
Russians have their wn special habits. My Russian friend, Andrey always lks arund and thinks fr a while befre leaving hme. I asked him why he did this. “Aha,”Andrey said, “in Russia, peple always take abut a minute 　9　 ver things and plans in their minds befre leaving. S they wn’t leave anything necessary behind.” Finding the 　10　 between cultures is much fun. I’d like t keep my eyes and mind pen.  
答案与解析:1.meaning　句意: 当我在俄罗斯学习的时候, 我懂得了这句话的意义。故该空应填meaning。2.excited　来参观红场, 应该感到很高兴, 很激动。故应用excited。3.lwer　当服务员告知“我”们讲话的声音太高时, “我”们降低了音量。此处应填lwer。4.times　可是这种说话声音很低的状态没有维持太久, 所以服务员又过来找了“我”们好几次。多于两次应用times表示。
5.natural　句意: 在中国, 主人制造一种活跃的气氛是很自然和重要的事情。此处应用形容词natural。6.lively　make a lively atmsphere “制造一种活跃的气氛”。7.western　in western cuntries “在西方国家”, western “西方的”。8.best　try ne’s best “尽某人的最大努力”。9.t g　在俄罗斯, 人们通常在离开一个地方前会花大约1分钟的时间来仔细检查一下东西和计划, 以免遗漏必要的东西。take time t d sth.“花费时间做某事”, g ver“仔细检查”。根据句意和句型结构可知应用t g。10.differences　句意: 发现文化之间的不同之处是一件很有趣的事。difference“不同之处”。此处应用复数形式。