2021-2022学年湖南省长郡中学、长沙市一中名校联考联合体高一上学期12月联考英语试题含解析

这是一份2021-2022学年湖南省长郡中学、长沙市一中名校联考联合体高一上学期12月联考英语试题含解析，共23页。试卷主要包含了 5分，满分7， 15 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2021-2022学年湖南省长郡中学、长沙市一中名校联考联合体高一上学期12月联考
英语试题
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £ 19. 15 B. £ 9. 18 C. £ 9. 15
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the boy still need to do?
A. Hang up his clothes. B. Put away his toys. C. Sweep the floor.
【答案】C
【解析】
原文】W: I thought you were going to clean up in here!
M: I did! My toys are in the toy box, and all my clothes are in the closet.
W: But what about the dirt on the floor?
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the girl doing?
A. Making the bed. B. Fixing the chair. C. Driving to school.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: What are you doing now? I told you to get to bed early so you’d be on time for your first day of school.
W: This loud chair is driving me crazy. I’m just trying to fix it.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why is the woman sad?
A. She lost her homework
B. The man deleted her essay
C. She forgot to send some emails
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I can’t find my research essay file anywhere on here. Did you delete it?
M: Of course not. I don't even know your password. Have you saved a copy anywhere?
W: No. I wish I had emailed it to myself. Argh! I did my work on time, but the teacher will never believe that.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man want to know?
A. What time it is.
B. When his train is supposed to leave.
C. Where he can find the boarding hall.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Do you have a watch, by any chance? My phone battery is dead and I think I’ve missed my train.
W: Sorry, I don’t. But I think there’s a big clock by the boarding hall.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Look at his cards. B. Use different cards. C. Put his cards down.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: You’ve just cheated! I saw you look at your cards.
W: No, I didn’t. I was just putting them down on the table. Here, why don’t you pass out a different set of cards and we’ll start over?
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. Why does Rusty think the new student is poor?
A. She's not fashionable
B. Her jeans have pieces sewn on them
C. Her mom gave her old clothes
7. What does Sally think of Rusty?
A. He is helpful
B. He is too curious
C. He is a little behind the times
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Did you see the new student in Miss Foley's class, Sally? I think she's from a poor family.
W: Poor? Why would you think that?
M: She has pieces of cloth on her jeans. I'll bet she has holes in them, and she can't afford to buy new ones. Her mom had to sew on the pieces of cloth to fix her old jeans.
W: Rusty, you're a little behind the times. That's the fashion nowadays. Half of our class has pieces sewn on their jeans. If her parents are really poor, we certainly will help her.
M: That's great. Anytime we should help the poor.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. How does Harriet know the time?
A. From her iPhone. B. From her watch. C. From the sun.
9. What does Don think about Harriet’s explanation?
A. It’s wrong. B. It’s funny. C. It’s too scientific.
【答案】8. A 9. B
【解析】
【原文】M: What time is it, Harriet? I’m starving, but I guess it’s not time for lunch yet.
W: Let’s see. . . according to my iPhone, it’s just a few minutes past noon.
M: What? I thought my watch was wrong. Shouldn’t the sun be overhead if it’s noon?
W: Oh, Don, I can tell you weren’t listening in the science class last week. The sun is only overhead at noon for two days a year.
M: Ha-ha. Very funny.
W: No, really. Mrs. Sorenson explained it. The earth goes around the sun at an angle, and that changes where the sun is at noon.
M: But . . then those old clocks that measured time by the sun’s shadow are all wrong?
W: Um, not exactly. They’re just not the same as the time we keep on our computers.
M: I wish I were sitting at a computer right now instead of out here. I’m starting to hate nature.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10. What is the conversation mainly about?
A. How Alexa treated her plants
B. Where Alexa planted her plants
C. Why Alexa kept her house green
11. What did Alexa do with her yellow plant?
A. She put it in the sunlight
B. She returned it to the shop
C. She gave it too much water
12. What does the man suggest Alexa do?
A. Find out more about plants online
B. Move all her plants out of the sun
C. Throw all her plants away
【答案】10. A 11. C 12. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Oh, no. What happened in here, Alexa? Why are there some dead plants?
W: I know. Every plant comes in alive and ends up dead. I definitely do not have a green thumb.
M: People always say that, but it's not that hard to keep house plants. What did you do to care for this one?
W: That one had a big flower on it, so I put it in the sunlight.
M: This is a winter plant from north China. It doesn't do well in direct sunlight. Just move it here. Didn't you look up how to care for it when you got it?
W: No. I just thought it was pretty, and it was doing OK in the shop.
M: And this one here is all yellow. That means you gave it too much water.
W: Too much water? I think if it doesn't need the water, it doesn't have to drink it.
M: That's not how plants work. I'm afraid the root system under the dirt of this one is destroyed. You'll have to throw this one away. Look, here's an app with plant information.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13. Why doesn’t Sue have the cake?
A. She dislikes it.
B. She’s trying to lose weight.
C. She’s trying to avoid allergy（过敏）.
14. Who brought the sandwiches?
A. Jill B. Tom C. Sharon
15. What does Sue really want?
A. A salad B. Some seafood C. Some hot soup
16. What will Bill do in a few hours?
A See a doctor B. Go to a restaurant C. Talk with the guests
【答案】13. C 14. A 15. C 16. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Why don’t you have some of my cake, Sue? I made it just for this party .
W: Sorry, Bill. I’m not into cake at the moment. I thought you knew about my diet.
M: On your birthday? Surely you can eat whatever you want on your birthday. You can start your diet tomorrow. And anyway, you look great.
W: Well, thanks, Bill. I am not on a diet to lose weight, actually. My doctor told me to stop eating certain foods. I’m trying to avoid being allergic to something.
M: I didn’t know food could lead to that. I also noticed you didn’t eat any of the sandwiches Jill brought.
W: Yeah. And you and Tom and Sharon all brought different cakes. I’m dying to try them!
M: Why don’t I go get you a salad? I’m sure you’ll feel better if you eat something.
W: All right. It’s the only thing here I can eat. What I really want is some hot soup.
M: Why don’t I go and get some soup from the restaurant across the street for you?
W: That’s awfully nice of you, but I’m enjoying my party. Maybe we could go afterwards.
M: OK. You go back in the house and chat with the guests, and I’ll call the restaurant and tell them we’ll be there in a few hours.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17. What is the big hall mainly used for?
A. Parents’ meetings. B. Music lessons. C. Sports activities.
18. When can children use the library on their own?
A. At any time of the day.
B. Between lessons.
C. After school.
19. Where is the speaker’s office?
A. Beside the reception desk.
B. Opposite the library.
C. Beside the water machine.
20. How often do children use the computer room?
A. At least twice a day. B. At least once a day. C. At least once a week.
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】Hello, and welcome to the school. I thought it would be best if I show you round the school and then I can speak to you each. OK, now, we’re here at the reception desk, which is where you come if you have any questions or want to see anyone. If you look just past the hallway you can see the big hall. We use this as a gym and we have concerts here at the end of terms. We can fit all our parents and children in there. Then over by the glass doors is the library. We use this in lessons and the children can go there between lessons as well. We try to buy new books every term but it depends on how much money we have. Then, next to the reception desk here, is my office and you can make an appointment to see me at any time. I’m often here after school if you’re working, so just call my assistant to fix the time. And finally, over there in the corner by the water machine is the computer room. We try to use this at least once a day with the children. Now, if you follow me...
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Canadian Rockies Family
Multi-adventure Camping Tour
Day 1: Awesome views of Mount Rundle and Cascade Mountain are you to admire as you bike through Banff to Lake Minnewanka. Not ready to stop? Ride to Johnston Canyon and hike to a series of impressive waterfalls before arriving at your campsite.
Day 2: Travel around Kootenay National Park on foot. Witness a vast wildfire burnt area while keeping an eye out for the new-growth forest. Move into a hanging valley for a view of extraordinary Stanley Glacier. Hike a family-friendly route through a beautiful valley and stand in awe of the wonderful upper and lower waterfalls.
Day 3: Keep your eye on the forest for deer, sheep and bears as you cycle to Lake Louise. Visit Moraine Lake and walk through an ice-carved valley beneath huge mountains to Consolation Lake. Kids join leaders for a special night out while adults relax at our campsite.
Day 4: Rafting on the Kicking Horse River -a good time with a taste of white-water thrills! The younger crowd teams up with a local guide for a rock-climbing lesson while grown-ups go for a classic Rockies walk to the historic Plain of Six Glaciers Teahouse. Dig into a tasty lunch before returning to Banff.
Dates and Prices
Children 11 to 17 years old receive a 10% saving and children 4 to 10 years old receive a20 % saving. The earlier you book, the more choice you'll have and the lower your price will be. And you can always change your mind---you won't be charged if you plan to go on another trip before your final payment is due.
July 1-4, 2020: $1,800 per person
July 5-4, 2020: $1,900 per person
August 1-4, 2020: $2,000 per person
August 5-8, 2020: $2,100 per person
21. What will tourists do on the second day of the tour?
A. Set up camp at Johnston Canyon.
B. Witness a vast wildfire in person.
C. Explore Kootenay National Park.
D. Walk through an ice-carved valley.
22. On which day can kids learn rock climbing?
A. Day 1. B. Day 2. C. Day 3. D. Day 4.
23. How much should an 8-year-old boy pay for his trip during August 1-4?
A. $1,600. B. $1,800. C. $2,000. D. $2,100.
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文。文章介绍了在加拿大落基山脉的家庭Multi-adventure露营之旅的行程安排和价格。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Day 2: Travel around Kootenay National Park on foot. (第二天：徒步游览Kootenay国家公园)”可知，第二天，游客们可以游览Kootenay国家公园。故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Day 4:(第四天：)”和“The younger crowd teams up with a local guide for a rock-climbing lesson (年轻的人群会和当地导游一起上攀岩课)”可知，在第四天，孩子们可以学攀岩。故选D 项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“children 4 to 10 years old receive a 20 % saving(4到10岁的孩子可以得到20%的折扣)”和“August 1-4, 2020: $2,000 per person(2020年8月1日至4日:每人2000美元)”可知，在8月1日至4日期间去旅行的4-10岁的孩子可以享受20%的折扣，即2000×(1-20%)=1600美元。故选A项。
B
Do you still remember the scene in the famous movie Titanic，directed by Cameron, where Jack was frozen to death in the icy cold water so that Rose could survive（存活）on the floating（浮动的）door alone?It broke many people's hearts.
Twenty years later, people are still asking the question, “Wasn't there enough room on the door for both of them?”
Cameron once responded by saying it wasn't a question of room, but buoyancy - if both of them had tried to stay on the door, he argued, the whole thing would sink.
But several guys from “Myth Busters”, an Australian-American science entertainment television program, decided to test the theory themselves. They discovered that if Rose had taken off her life jacket to the bottom of the door, there would have been enough buoyancy to keep both of them afloat.
When they presented their findings to Cameron, the director insisted that Jack couldn't be saved.
“The answer is very simple,” Cameron said. “Because it says on Page 147 of the script that Jack dies. ” To Cameron, it was an artistic choice to have the beloved character of millions, Jack, sink into the cold sea. Jack had to die because Cameron thought it would be best.
“It was an artistic choice. The thing was just big enough to hold her, and not big enough to hold both,” Cameron said. “I think it's all kind of silly, really, that we're having this discussion 20 years later. But it does show that the film was effective in making Jack so beloved by the audience that it hurts them to see him die. The film is about death and separation；he had to die. ”
Since Jack had to die, Cameron said, it could have happened in a variety of different ways. It's not about the door not being big enough：that's just a practical method for his death. “Whether it was that, or whether a chimney fell on him, he was going down,” Cameron said. “It's called art: things happen for artistic reasons, not for physics reasons. ”
24. What do we know about the character Jack according to the text?
A. He wanted to kill himself B. He gave up his own life to save Rose
C. He didn't have money to buy the ticket D. He lacked basic knowledge of physics
25. What does the underlined word “buoyancy” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. The ability to float B. The tendency to sink
C. The amount of space D. The quality of the material
26. According to Cameron, why did the audience argue about Jack's death for 20 years?
A. They are weak people B. They don't like the movie
C. They love the character Jack. D. They are crazy about physics
27. Why was a chimney mentioned in the last paragraph?
A. To introduce how the ship was built B. To show the original plan of the movie
C. To present the missing part of the movie D. To explain the unchangeable death of Jack
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了观众提出了对电影《泰坦尼克号》中Jack为了救Rose之死的质疑。导演给出了Jack非死不可的理由。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Jack was frozen to death in the icy cold water so that Rose could survive on the floating door alone”（Jack被冻死在冰冷的水中是为了Rose能一个人在漂浮的门板上活下来）可知，根据文章我们对Jack这个角色的了解是：他为了救Rose牺牲了自己的生命。故选B。
【25题详解】
词义猜测题。根据buoyancy后面破折号后的解释说明“if both of them had tried to stay on the door, he argued, the whole thing would sink”（如果两个人都在门上，他辩论说，那么连人带门都会沉没。）可知，这不是空间不足的问题，而是浮力的问题。3段中带下划线的意思是：漂浮的能力。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的第四句“But it does show that the film was effective in making Jack so beloved by the audience that it hurts them to see him die. ”（但那确实表明，这部电影有效地把Jack塑造得让观众非常喜爱，以至于看到他死去他们感到心痛。）可知，Cameron认为，观众之所以争论Jack的死，是因为他们喜欢这个角色。故选C。
【27题详解】
目的意图题。根据最后一段中的前三句“Since Jack had to die, Cameron said, it could have happened in a variety of different ways. It's not about the door not being big enough: that's just a practical method for his death. “Whether it was that, or whether a chimney fell on him, he was going down,” Cameron said. ”（Cameron说，既然Jack必须死，那就有可能以各种不同的方式死去。不是门板够不够大的问题：那不过是一种对于他来说可行的死亡方式。Cameron说：“不管是那个，还是烟囱砸到他身上，他都要倒下。”。）可知在最后一段提到烟囱是因为：以解释Jack无法改变的死亡。故选D。
C
The Internet plays a big part in human life. We use it for work and pleasure. We use it to learn a new language. We find advice on it. We use it to connect with family and friends. We use it to stay in touch with events we care about. The list goes on and on.
Well, that train has left the station. But can using the Internet too much be bad for our health?It might be, researchers say. A new study finds that heavy Internet use may be connected to high blood pressure in an unlikely group: teenagers.
High blood pressure makes your heart and blood vessels (血管) work too hard. Over time, this extra pressure increases your risk of a heart attack. High blood pressure can also cause heart and kidney (肾脏) diseases. It is also closely linked to a brain disease.
The Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan did the study. 335 young people, from 14 to 17 years old, took part in it. 134 of the teens were described as “heavy Internet users”. And researchers found that out of these 134 teens, 26 had high blood pressure. The researchers say the study is the first to connect heavy Internet use with high blood pressure. Other research has connected heavy Internet use with anxiety, depression and obesity (肥胖).
The lead researcher is Andrea Cassidy-Bushrow. She said, “Using the Internet is part of our daily life, but it shouldn't ruin us.” Ms Cassidy-Bushrow adds that it is important for teens to take regular breaks from their computers or smartphones and do some kind of physical activity. She also suggests that parents limit their children's use of the Internet to two hours a day, five days a week.
28. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 imply?
A. The Internet develops rapidly.
B. No one can escape from the Internet.
C. The Internet can provide whatever we want.
D. There is no going back to an Internet-free life.
29. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. Causes of high blood pressure. B. The harm of high blood pressure.
C. The disadvantages of Internet use. D. Ways to prevent high blood pressure.
30. Which of the following statements may Andrea Cassidy-Bushrow agree with?
A. Teenagers shouldn't use the Internet.
B. The Internet will ruin human life in the future.
C. Smartphones are more harmful than computers.
D. Regular breaks are necessary when teens are using the Internet.
31. What does the text mainly tell us?
A. Heavy Internet users are mostly teenagers.
B. We should prevent teenagers from the Internet.
C. Too much Internet use may be bad for teenagers.
D. Every coin has two sides — so does the Internet.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了最近一项新的研究发现，青少年如果过度使用因特网的话可能导致高血压。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。文章第一段讲了现在因特网对于人类生活来说至关重要，并列举了我们日常生活中用到因特网的方方面面。第二段作者引用了“that train has left the station. (那列火车已经出站了)”这句话，紧跟着又提出关于过度使用因特网会不会影响我们的健康的疑问。由此可推知，在此处所要表达的意思就是：我们不能返回到没有因特网的生活了。故选D。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“High blood pressure makes your heart and blood vessels (血管) work too hard. Over time, this extra pressure increases your risk of a heart attack. High blood pressure can also cause heart and kidney (肾脏) diseases. It is also closely linked to a brain disease.(高血压会使你的心脏和血管工作过度。随着时间的推移，这种额外的压力会增加你心脏病发作的风险。高血压还会引起心脏和肾脏疾病。它还与一种脑部疾病密切相关)”可知，本段主要介绍了高血压的危害。故选B。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“it is important for teens to take regular breaks from their computers or smartphones and do some kind of physical activity. (对于青少年来说，远离电脑或智能手机，经常休息并且做一些体育活动，这是很重要的)”可知，Andrea Cassidy-Bushrow认为在使用互联网的同时，休息和运动是非常重要的。故选D。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“But can using the Internet too much be bad for our health?It might be, researchers say. A new study finds that heavy Internet use may be connected to high blood pressure in an unlikely group: teenagers.(但是过度使用互联网对我们的健康有害吗？研究人员说，可能是这样。一项新的研究发现，过度使用互联网可能会导致一个不太可能的群体患高血压：青少年)”及下文介绍可知，本篇文章主要讲了过度使用互联网可能对青少年有害。故选C。
D
To solve a big environmental problem, chemists in the Czech Republic have been thinking small. Really small. Their new minirobot has one purpose: to help clean up tiny bits of plastic polluting waterways across the globe.
Each new robot is no bigger than the tip of a sharpened pencil. They are magnetic (有磁性的) and shaped like stars. When sunlight hits them, they produce chemical reactions that push them through water in a specific direction. When they find a piece of plastic, they stick to it and start to break it down. When the light goes out, they let go and are free to be used again.
“This work is great,” says Douglas Blackiston at Tufts University in Medford, Mass. He’s a biologist who did not work on the project but knows about such devices. He’s been designing robots out of living cells, including some that might help with pollution cleanup. Speaking of the new one, he mentions that, “These robots can eat plastic. They chew it up. Or they can recover it and be collected with a magnet. Scientists love robots with all these capabilities. ”
Chemist Martin Pumera at the Czech University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague led the project. He studies ways to build microrobots. About a decade ago, he says, scientists began developing tiny bots that could move themselves in water. Then, they had to find them a mission and thought “Let’s make them do something useful.” Since then, Pumera has focused on the problem posed by microplastics, which are everywhere—from the bottom of the ocean to air blowing onto ice atop mountains. They’ve turned up in drinking water, both bottled and tap water, and some studies estimate that trillions of pieces of plastic end up in the world’s waters. The plastic has many sources, from drinking straws and shopping bags to laundry and cleaning wipes. Plastic doesn’t easily degrade or fall apart, and that’s always been one of its appeals.
Pumera says his final goal is to make cheap and environmentally friendly robots that can be used anywhere in the world.
32. What do the new robots mainly do?
A. To collect tiny bits of plastic in the sea B. To push the pollution in water away
C. To help do research into the plastic D. To deal with the plastic in water
33. How do the new robots get powered?
A. By stars B. By plastic C. By sunlight D. By living cells
34. Why did Pumera take part in the project?
A. Because of public attention to the plastic
B. Because of the challenges from the plastic
C. Because he was asked to do so by other scientists
D. Because he was inspired by the invention of microrobots
35. What is the best title of the article?
A. Small robots, big dreams B. No plastic in water anymore!
C. Robots, winners against plastic D. The fight between robots and plastic
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一种新型微型机器人，它可以帮助清理全球污染水道的塑料碎片。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段内容“To solve a big environmental problem, chemists in the Czech Republic have been thinking small. Really small. Their new minirobot has one purpose: to help clean up tiny bits of plastic polluting waterways across the globe.”（为了解决一个大的环境问题，捷克共和国的化学家们一直在考虑小问题。真的很小。他们的新型微型机器人有一个目的：帮助清理全球污染水道的塑料碎片。）可知，这种新型微型机器人用来帮助清理全球污染水道的塑料碎片，由此可知，新机器人主要处理水中的塑料。故选D项。
33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“When sunlight hits them, they produce chemical reactions that push them through water in a specific direction. When they find a piece of plastic, they stick to it and start to break it down. When the light goes out, they let go and are free to be used again.”（当阳光照射到它们时，它们会产生化学反应，将它们按特定的方向在水中推进。当他们发现一块塑料时，他们会粘在上面并开始分解。当灯熄灭时，它们松开，可以自由再次使用。）可知，当阳光照射到这种机器人时，它们会产生化学反应，将它们按特定的方向在水中推进，发现并处理垃圾，由此可知，新机器人是通过阳光获得动力的。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段关键句“Then, they had to find them a mission and thought “Let’s make them do something useful.” Since then, Pumera has focused on the problem posed by microplastics, which are everywhere—from the bottom of the ocean to air blowing onto ice atop mountains.”（然后，他们不得不给它们找一个任务，并想“我们让他们做一些有用的事情。”从那时起，Pumera开始关注微塑料带来的问题，从海底到空气吹到的山顶的冰上，微塑料无处不在。）和“Plastic doesn’t easily degrade or fall apart, and that’s always been one of its appeals.”（塑料不容易降解或分解，这一直是它的吸引力之一。）可知，Pumera希望自己研发的机器人能做一些有用的事情，他开始关注微塑料带来的问题，塑料不容易降解或分解，给环境带来了挑战，这是吸引Pumera从事该项研究的原因之一，由此可知，Pumera参与该项目是因为塑料带来的挑战。故选B项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。通读文章，结合第一段内容“To solve a big environmental problem, chemists in the Czech Republic have been thinking small. Really small. Their new minirobot has one purpose: to help clean up tiny bits of plastic polluting waterways across the globe.”（为了解决一个大的环境问题，捷克共和国的化学家们一直在考虑小问题。真的很小。他们的新型微型机器人有一个目的：帮助清理全球污染水道的塑料碎片。）可知，本文主要介绍了化学家们发明的微型机器人，它可以解决一个大的环境问题，那就是帮助清理全球污染水道的塑料碎片，机器人虽小，但能解决大的问题，“Small robots, big dreams”意为“小机器人，大梦想”，能够概括文章主要内容。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If your daily schedule has you sitting still for hours, it's important to move to avoid the negative health influences of “sitting for long” throughout your day. ____36____ That's 24 minutes of exercise daily. Create a practical plan to make three-minute movement every hour during an eight-hour workday.
Move your hands to relieve tension. The tension in your hands from typing might contribute to that in your shoulders. Fix your attention on one hand at a time when performing hand exercises. ____37____ Make a tight fist and then open your hand and spread your fingers as wide as possible. Repeat five times.
Move your feet, too. Spending just a few minutes a day actively moving your feet and ankles can have a great impact on how you feel throughout your body.
Raise your energy and mood with a dance. It's common for both mental and physical energy to decline in the afternoon after lunch. Why not take an energetic dance to one of your favorite beats? ____38____ Simply let your body move to the music.
Don't forget to walk. Walking is one of the most accessible, total-body, fat-burning exercises available to humankind. ____39____
____40____ After only a week of practicing this plan, you can definitely notice a boost in your overall health and fitness.
A. Make sure the hand is long-fingered.
B. Most songs average three to four minutes.
C. You should stick to it and walk as long as you can.
D. Rest an elbow on your desk to make it stable（稳定的）.
E. What if you get up and move for three minutes every hour?
F. Every day try to take at least a 10-minute walk-ideally, outside.
G. Create a habit of getting out of your chair hourly for a few minutes of movement.
【答案】36. E 37. D 38. B 39. F 40. G
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了对于每天的日程安排一坐就是几个小时的人的几种锻炼方式。
【36题详解】
根据空格后“That's 24 minutes of exercise daily. ”（那就是每天24分钟的锻炼。）以及“to make three - minute movement every hour during an eight - hour workday”（制定一个切实可行的计划，在一个八小时的工作日内每小时做三分钟的运动。）可知， E选项（如果你每小时起来走动三分钟呢？），和后文的每天三分钟的运动相符，也对应一天八小时工作日，8*3=24分钟。故选E。
【37题详解】
根据空格后“Make a tight fist and then open your hand and spread your fingers as wide as possible. ”（握紧拳头，然后张开你的手，把手指尽量张开。）可知，空格处应该在介绍手的运动的第一个步骤，D选项（把一只胳膊肘放在桌子上使它稳定）符合题意。故选D。
【38题详解】
由本段的主题句“Raise your energy and mood with a dance. ”（通过跳舞来提升你的能量和情绪。）以及空后的“Simply let your body move to the music. ”（简单地让你的身体随着音乐移动。），B选项（大多数歌曲平均3到4分钟。）描述音乐的长度，引起下文。故选B。
【39题详解】
根据空格前句子“Don't forget to walk. Walking is one of the most accessible, total-body, fat-burning exercises available to humankind. ”（别忘了走路。步行是人类最容易进行的全身脂肪燃烧运动之一。），可推断此处介绍walking的合理时长。F选项（每天，尽量至少在户外散步10分钟。）符合题意。故选F。
【40题详解】
根据空格后句子“ After only a week of practicing this plan, you can definitely notice a boost in your overall health and fitness.”（在仅仅一周的实践这个计划之后，你肯定会注意到你的整体健康状况有所改善。），可知空格处解释this plan的内容，G选项（养成每小时从椅子上站起来做几分钟运动的习惯。）引起下文，符合题意。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My father was an ill-humored man. I knew he loved me and his love was ____41____. He just didn't know how to express it.
One evening we went out for a night on the town. We were sitting in a famous restaurant that had a small but lively ____42____. When there came a familiar waltz tune (曲调) I decided to invite him for a dance. “Dad, you know I've never danced with you. I begged you but you ____43____ wanted to. How about right now?”
I waited for the usual ____44____. But instead he considered thoughtfully and then a surprising twinkle appeared in his eyes. “Let's hit the floor and I'll show you just what kind of moves an ____45____ guy like me can still make. ”
My father took me in his arms and I felt overcome by ____46____. As we danced I ____47____ my father but he avoided my gaze (注视). “Dad,” I finally whispered, tears in my eyes, “why is it so hard for you to look at me?” At last his ____48____ dropped to my face and he studied me. “Because I love you so much, ” he said. I was struck dumb (愣住) by his response. It wasn't what I had ____49____. But it was of course exactly what I needed to hear. His own eyes were teary and he was blinking.
I had always known that he loved me. I just hadn't understood that his deep emotion had ____50____ him and made him mute (沉默的). “I love you too, Dad!” I said softly. He stumbled over the next few words, “I'm sorry that I'm not good at showing feelings. It's ____51____ for me, but just remember how much I love you. ”
When the dance ended I excused myself to the ladies' room and during my absence ____52____ changed. Dad fell down heavily in his chair. Everything was really all too ____53____. He was gone.
Now I still remember our waltz on the dance floor and his sudden confession (坦白) to me. It was ____54____ the first, last and only dance that I ever had with my father. What a blessing that we had the chance to say ____55____ it was too late.
41. A. deep B. healthy C. silent D. shallow
42. A. theatre B. band C. counter D. cafe
43. A. always B. sometimes C. seldom D. never
44. A. invitation B. approval C. refusal D. struggle
45. A. eager B. expert C. old D. energetic
46. A. emotions B. sadness C. concerns D. tension
47. A. looked down on B. looked through C. looked up at D. looked into
48. A. kiss B. words C. hand D. eyes
49. A. admired B. desired C. expected D. responded
50. A. comforted B. frightened C. punished D. guarded
51 A. enough B. normal C. horrible D. hard
52. A. nothing B. little C. much D. everything
53. A. early B. extreme C. late D. negative
54. A. likely B. indeed C. just D. already
55. A. before B. while C. though D. until
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. C 46. A 47. C 48. D 49. C 50. B 51. D 52. D 53. C 54. B 55. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，作者回忆了和父亲的第一次也是最后一次跳舞的场景，感动于父亲深沉的爱，并表达了对他的怀念和有生之年得以与父亲共舞一场的庆幸。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：父亲是个脾气不好的人。“我”知道 他爱“我”，只是他的爱深沉并且他不知道如何表达。A. deep深的；B. healthy健康的； C. silent沉默的； D. shallow浅的。根据后文“I had always known that he loved me. I just hadn't understood that his deep emotion had ____10____ him and made him mute（沉默的）”（我一直知道他爱我。我只是不明白，他的情绪如此之深，竟把他吓得哑口无言）可知爸爸的爱很深沉。故选A。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，我们到城里去玩了一夜。我们坐在一家有名的餐馆里，那里有一支小而热闹的乐队。A. theatre剧院； B. band乐队； C. counter柜台； D. café咖啡馆。根据后句“When there came a familiar waltz tune（曲调）I decided to invite him for a dance.”（当响起熟悉的华尔兹舞曲时，我决定请他跳支舞。）可知是乐队在演奏。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我求过你，但你从没想过。A. always总是； B. sometimes有时； C. seldom很少； D. never从未。“but”表示转折，说明上句作者乞求父亲，但是爸爸从没有和作者跳过舞。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我等待着通常的拒绝。A. invitation邀请；B. approval批准； C. refusal拒绝； D. struggle挣扎。根据上句“I begged you but you ____3____ wanted to.”（我求过你，但你从没答应过。）可知是父亲拒绝作者的跳舞请求。故选C。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：让我们跳舞，我来告诉你像我这样的老人还能做出什么样的动作。 A. eager渴望；B. expert专家；C. old老的；D. energetic活力四射的。可知，平时脾气不好又从来不跳舞的父亲应该是想用幽默化解自己的不自在或紧张，“old guy”这个自嘲的称呼最适合父亲的人设，故选C。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：父亲把我抱在怀里，我情绪激动。A. emotions情绪；B. sadness悲伤； C. concerns关注； D. tension紧张。feel overcome by…被（情绪）压倒，受到……极大影响。爸爸拥“我”（起舞），此刻“我”的心情应该是非常激动的，有惊讶也有喜悦。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：跳舞的时候，我抬头看了看父亲，但他避开了我的目光。A. looked down on看不起； B. looked through浏览； C. looked up at抬头看；D. looked into调查。根据后句“but he avoided my gaze（注视）”（但他避开了我的目光）可知是作者注视父亲。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他的目光落到了我的脸上，仔细打量着我。A. kiss吻； B. words言辞；C. hand手；D. eyes眼睛。根据后句“and he studied me.”（仔细打量着我。）可知父亲低头看作者。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 这不是我所预料到的。A. admired被钦佩的；B. desired渴望；C. expected期望；D. responded回应。根据后句“But it was of course exactly what I needed to hear. His own eyes were teary and he was blinking.”（但这当然正是我需要听到的。他自己的眼睛也在流泪，他眨着眼睛。）可知爸爸的眼睛也在流泪是作者没有预料到的。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直知道他爱我。我只是不明白，他的强烈情感使他害怕，使他哑口无言。A. comforted安慰；B. frightened害怕的；C. punished惩罚；D. guarded保卫。作者明白父亲深沉的情感让他害怕（表达出对女儿的爱），因而从不用语言来表达父爱，故选B。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对不起，我不擅长表达感情。这对我来说很难，但请记住我有多爱你。A. enough足够的；B. normal正常的；C. horrible可怕的；D. hard困难的。根据上文“I knew he loved me and his love was ____1____. He just didn't know how to express it. ”（我知道他爱我，他的爱是深的。他只是不知道如何表达。）可知父亲的对作者的爱是很难表达的。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：舞会结束后，我去了女洗手间，我不在的时候，一切都变了。A. nothing没有什么；B. little很少；C. much很多；D. everything所有的。根据后文“He was gone.”（爸爸去世了）可知一切都变了。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都太迟了。A. early早的； B. extreme及其的； C. late晚的；D. negative否定的。根据后文“He was gone.”（爸爸去世了）可知一切都太迟了。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这的确是我和父亲跳的第一支、最后一支、也是唯一一支舞。A. likely可能地； B. indeed确实；C. just刚刚；D. already已经。根据上文“I begged you but you ____3____ wanted to.”（我求过你，但你从没答应过。）可知是父亲拒绝作者的跳舞请求。可知事实上这是作者和爸爸第一次跳舞。故选B。
【55题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：在为时已晚之前，我们有机会说上几句是多么幸运的事。A. before在…之前； B. while当…时候；C. though尽管；D. until直到。值得庆幸的是，“我们”能在不算太迟的时候有机会表达“我们”的感情。before it was too late“趁一切都还来得及”故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In Mark Twain’s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, the friendship that forms between Huck Finn and Jim is an important theme of the book, ____56____ they appear to be an unlikely pair. Huck is a poor white boy whose father often beats him, while Jim is a black slave who ____57____ (long) to be free. One day, Huck runs away from home to an island. There he meets Jim and makes friends with him. Then they leave the island together on a raft ____58____ (find) on the Mississippi River. They head towards Illinois, ____59____ state in the north, where Jim can be free. The high point of the story comes when Huck ____60____ (face) with the decision of whether ____61____ (hand) Jim over to some slave catchers. In the end, Huck decides that Jim is a friend whom he needs and values, and refuses to give him ____62____. From this story we can see that friends are people who support you ____63____ thick and thin. Just ____64____ Ralph Waldo Emerson once said, the glory of friendship is the spiritual _____65_____ (inspire) that comes to one when he discovers that someone else believes in him and is willing to trust him.
【答案】56. though##although
57. longs 58. found
59. a 60. is faced
61. to hand
62. up 63. through
64. as 65. inspiration
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了马克·吐温的《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》的故事情节以及故事所传递出的友谊的真谛。
【56题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：在马克·吐温的《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》中，哈克·费恩和吉姆之间形成的友谊是这本书的一个重要主题，尽管他们似乎不太可能是一对。引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”应用though或although。故填though/although。
【57题详解】
考查时态。句意：哈克是一个贫穷的白人男孩，他的父亲经常打他，而吉姆是一个渴望自由的黑人奴隶。根据上文is可知为一般现在时，定语从句中谓语与先行词slave保持一致，应用第三人称单数形式。故填longs。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然后他们一起乘坐在密西西比河上发现的木筏离开小岛。分析句子结构可知find在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语raft构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填found。
【59题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他们前往北部的伊利诺伊州，在那里吉姆可以获得自由。state“州”为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且state是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。
【60题详解】
考查固定短语和时态。句意：故事的高潮是当哈克面临是否把吉姆交给一些奴隶捕手的决定时。结合句意表示“面临”短语为be faced with，根据上文comes可知为一般现在时，主语为Huck，谓语用单数。故填is faced。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：故事的高潮是当哈克面临是否把吉姆交给一些奴隶捕手的决定时。此处为“疑问词+不定式”作宾语。故填to hand。
【62题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：最后，哈克认定吉姆是他需要的朋友，是他珍视的朋友，并拒绝放弃他。结合句意表示“放弃”可知短语为give up。故填up。
【63题详解】
考查介词。句意：从这个故事我们可以看到，朋友是那些在任何情况下都支持你的人。结合句意表示“在任何情况下”可知短语为through thick and thin。故填through。
【64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：正如拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生曾经说过的那样，友谊的荣耀在于当一个人发现别人相信他并愿意信任他时，他会得到精神上的鼓舞。引导非限制性定语从句，表示“正如”应用as。故填as。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：正如拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生曾经说过的那样，友谊的荣耀在于当一个人发现别人相信他并愿意信任他时，他会得到精神上的鼓舞。此处作表语，表示“鼓舞”应用名词inspiration，不可数。故填inspiration。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，是某中学学生会主席。你发现有些同学在就餐时间吃零食，不去餐厅吃饭。请写一封倡议信，呼吁同学们注意饮食健康。
1. 饮食健康的重要性：
2. 吃零食的坏处：
3. 向同学们发出倡议。
注意：1. 词数 80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear friends,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
LiHua
【答案】Dear friends,
I am Li Hua. I notice some students eat snacks at mealtimes instead of having meals. Now I'd like to call on you to form a healthy eating habits.
For us students, we need enough nutrients to keep our body functioning well. Eating healthy food is of great importance to us. Having meals regularly is a good way to keep fit and prevent diseases. By eating snacks, we may get sick easily.
Let's change our ways of living. Let's have a healthy diet from now on. By having meals regularly, we will grow up healthily and happily.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生请写一封倡议信，呼吁同学们注意饮食健康。
【详解】1.词汇积累
注意：notice→take notice of
号召：call on → appeal
健康：fit→healthy
防止：prevent→ avoid
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：For us students, we need enough nutrients to keep our body functioning well. Eating healthy food is of great importance to us.
拓展句：For us students, eating healthy food is of great importance to us, because we need enough nutrients to keep our body functioning well.

【点睛】【高分句型1】Having meals regularly is a good way to keep fit and prevent diseases.（运用了动名词做主语）
【高分句型2】For us students, we need enough nutrients to keep our body functioning well.（运用了不定式作目的状语）
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ben was awakened by a gunshot. The sharp noise came through the thick stone walls of the house. It was cold in the bedroom and Ben was shaking as he got out of bed. He put on his eyeglasses and went over to the window. The field was covered with white frost. Nothing moved out there in the deep quiet just before sunrise.
Ben wondered where the shot had come from. He thought perhaps he had dreamed he heard a gunshot. He looked out toward the frozen lake. Near the trees he saw a shining piece of metal. When it moved, Ben saw that it was a long gun. A minute later, a man came out of the woods. He wore hunting clothes. Suddenly a bird flew upward. The man quickly put the gun to his shoulder and shot. Ben watched the bird, praying it had not been hurt. It flew near the ground and went into some tall grass. Safe, Ben thought.
The hunter did not move for a moment，and then he began to follow the bird. Hate for the hunter burned inside Ben. Opening the window, he shouted, “Hey!” His voice cut through the stillness. The hunter stopped, but then continued to follow the bird. Ben shouted again, but this time the hunter did not stop. Then Ben rushed out and moved toward him. The hunter looked back at Ben. Ben had just bought this house in the woods. He wanted to protect everything on his land. He thought that everyone would obey the signs “No Hunting”.
However, he heard another gunshot. This troubled him deeply. How could he stop this hunter? He walked toward the lake. He did not want to fight, but the man must go. He walked quietly. He wanted to surprise the hunter. But then, what would he do? He could not fight the hunter.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly he heard a bird's wings beating the dry grass.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
There was something threatening in the hunter's cool quiet voice.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Suddenly he heard a bird's wings beating the dry grass. Ben took a deep breath and thought that the bird exposed its spot to the hunter, who was watching over these grassland. Just at the very moment the hunter was targeting the bird and was about to shoot when Ben shouted at the top of his voice “Stop!” It startled both the bird and the hunter- the bird soared up to the sky and the hunter abruptly put down the gun. He turned around toward the direction where Ben stood, asking “What are you doing here?”
There was something threatening in the hunter's cool quiet voice. Ben straightened his back and replied the intruder's confrontation with as much assertion and assurance as he could summon up or fake, “I am the landlord of this place and you step into my private property. I demand you leave right now.” The hunter gave a snort of contempt. “Yes, I have claimed this property! LEAVE!” The hunter swung his gun and whistled, leaving at last. Ben relieved a sigh. The frost on the dry grass started to melt when the rising sun popped out from the East with sunlight dancing on the signs “No hunting”.
【参考范文②】
Suddenly he heard a bird's wings beating the dry grass. Ben moved quickly toward the sound and saw a colored head of a beautiful bird. The bird did not move until Ben came close. Then it tried to fly away, but one wing was broken. Ben lifted the bird and held it close against his body. The bird fought to escape, but soon lay quietly in Ben's arms. Ben decided to take the bird home and fix its broken wing so that it could fly again. He was almost through the woods when he heard the hunter behind him saying “It is mine!”
There was something threatening in the hunter's cool quiet voice. The hunter stepped closer and claimed that bird again. Ben was frightened at first. However, when he saw the bird struggling weakly and made a wild, strange noise, he knew he could never give this bird to the hunter. This feeling gave Ben great strength, and he was no longer afraid. “This is my property. Leave here, or I'll call the police!” Ben said assertively. The woods were strangely quiet. To Ben's surprise, the hunter slowly walked away. Ben carefully studied the injured wing. Smoothing its feathers，he decided to stay with the bird and take care of it until its full recovery.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Ben早上醒来听到一声枪响，当他朝窗外查看时，没有发现异常。就当他以为是自己在梦中听见的枪声时，他看到外面大树边有一把枪。不一会后，Ben发现一个男人正在猎杀小鸟。Ben讨厌这种猎杀动物的行为，于是大喊，但是猎人没有停下来，继续捕杀小鸟。Ben跑出屋子，朝猎人跑去，但是他又听到了另一声枪响。Ben不想和猎人打斗，但是他必须得阻止猎人。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，他听到一只鸟的翅膀拍打着干草。”可知，第一段可描写Ben阻止猎人猎杀这只鸟。
②由第二段首句内容“猎人冷静的声音里有些威胁。”可知，第二段可描写Ben勇敢地阻止男人不要在自己的地方打猎。
2.续写线索：Ben听到枪声，起身查看——发现大树旁有枪——猎人正在猎杀小鸟——Ben大喊阻止猎人，但没用——Ben跑出屋子去阻止猎人
3.词汇激活行为类
①监视：watch over/monitor
②大喊：shout/yell
③离开：leave/go away
情绪类
①使惊吓：startle/frighten
②私人的：private /personal
【点睛】[高分句型1] Ben took a deep breath and thought that the bird exposed its spot to the hunter, who was watching over these grassland.（运用了who引导的非限定性定语从句）
[高分句型2] He turned around toward the direction where Ben stood, asking “What are you doing here?”（运用了where引导的限定性定语从句和非谓语动词作状语）