2021-2022学年江西省景德镇市第一中学高一上学期期中18班英语试题含解析

这是一份2021-2022学年江西省景德镇市第一中学高一上学期期中18班英语试题含解析，共19页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
New events and changes f junir glf cmpetitin calendar
New events
Ntah BegayⅢ Junir Glf Natinal Champinship
What des a junir glfer aim t pursue? One thing is t be nticed, ideally by a cllege cach. A remarkable pprtunity will be ffered by the Ntah BegayⅢ Junir Glf Natinal Champinship t its participants: an event bradcast by Glf Channel. Players aged between eight and 18 can cmpete in the new event; infrmatin abut where and when it will be held will be released later.
Barbasl Junir Champinship
Beginning the career in the PGA Tur is smething that a junir glfer tends t dream f. The Barbasl Junir Champinship, which is scheduled t take place between June 29 and July 2 at Keene Trace Glf Club in Nichlasville, Kentucky, will prvide such an pprtunity. Bys under 19 years ld will qualify fr this new 54-hle event, and the winner will be awarded a spt at the PGA Tur's Barbasl Champinship in July.
Changed events
Thunderbird Internatinal Junir
The dates f the AJGA's Thunderbird Internatinal Junir have t be changed since the NCAA Champinships mve t Grayhawk Glf Club in Scttsdale, Arizna, fr the next three years. Generally, the Thunderbird is played at the end f May. Hwever, this year it is scheduled n different dates fr the first time, frm April 9 t 12, which means, f curse, that the finish date is n Masters Sunday.
Gatr Invitatinal
Junir glf intends t prepare fr the fllwing cllege glf. If this is the case, then it is crucial t simulate the higher-level experience as much as pssible. Because f that, the Gatr Invitatinal, as a junir bys' event, has made a significant decisin n becming a 54-hle event by adding a rund this year. The new versin will be played frm March 13 t 15 at The Cuntry Club f Jacksn in Jacksn, Mississippi.
1. Which event can be watched n TV?
A. Ntah BegayⅢ Junir Glf Natinal Champinship.B. Barbasl Junir Champinship.
C. Thunderbird Internatinal Junir.D. Gatr Invitatinal.
2. When will the Thunderbird Internatinal Junir be played?
A. At the end f May.B. Frm April 9 t 12.
C. Between June 29 and July 2.D. Frm March 13 t 15.
3. What has been changed abut the Gatr Invitatinal?
A. The award given t the winnerB. The place where it is played.
C. The required age f the players.D. The number f runds it has.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了充满新事件和变化的少年高尔夫比赛日程。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Ntah BegayⅢ Junir Glf Natinal Champinship中的 “A remarkable pprtunity will be ffered by the Ntah BegayⅢ Junir Glf Natinal Champinship t its participants: an event bradcast by Glf Channel.” Ntah BegayⅢ青少年高尔夫全国锦标赛将为参加者提供一个非凡的机会:由高尔夫频道转播的赛事。由此可知Ntah BegayⅢ Junir Glf Natinal Champinship能在电视上观看。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Thunderbird Internatinal Junir中的“Hwever, this year it is scheduled n different dates fr the first time, frm April 9 t 12, …” 然而，今年的比赛第一次安排在不同的日期，从4月9日到12日由此可知Thunderbird Internatinal Junir在4月9日到12日进行。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Gatr Invitatinal中的“Because f that, the Gatr Invitatinal, as a junir bys' event, has made a significant decisin n becming a 54-hle event by adding a rund this year.” 正因为如此，Gatr邀请赛，作为一项初级男孩赛事，做出了一个重大决定，在今年增加一轮比赛，成为一项54-hle赛事，由此可知，Gatr Invitatinal比赛的数量发生了变化。故选D。
【点睛】应用文多是细节理解题。一般定位关键词适用于解答细节理解题。通过定位关键词解题，考生在阅读题干时，把题干中有标记意义的词或词组划记出来，或者选项中的关键词，然后用这个词回到原文当中定位。如小题2题干中的Thunderbird Internatinal Junir，再如小题3题干中的Gatr Invitatinal，定位回到原文中，可以帮助快速找出答案。
B
A PhD student in Michigan defended her paper while wearing a skirt made f rejectin letters she received while studying. 29-year-ld Caitlin Kirby printed ut 17 f her rejectin letters — frm schlarships, academic jurnals, and cnferences — then flded each ne int a fan. She cnnected them in rws, and by the end she designed the item int a skirt and wre it.
She said that the idea behind her unique clthing item came ut f a desire t nrmalize rejectin and take pride in vercming it. "The whle prcess f revisiting thse ld letters and making that skirt srt f reminded me that yu have t apply t a lt f things t succeed," she said. "A natural part f the prcess is t get rejected alng the way."
Caitlin's adviser, Julie Libarkin, a prfessr f earth and envirnmental science at Michigan State University, als encurages the acceptance f failure in her students. Libarkin believes it's imprtant fr students t get int habit f applying fr things, and t get used t the feeling f rejectin, s she encurages them t chase after any pprtunity that cmes their way. If a student desn't get the grant r the spt in the academic jurnal, that's kay. They'll still have learned smething in the prcess.
As fr Caitlin? Her rejectins ver the years have led t great things: Since her dctrate, she's wn a schlarship t d further research n urban agriculture in Germany.
Currently, she's a pst-dctral researcher at the University f Nebraska-Lincln. As fr what the future hlds? "I'm prepared t receive a few mre rejectin letters alng the way," she jked heartily, "Maybe I'll make a lnger skirt."
4. What can we learn abut Caitlin Kirby's rejectin letters?
A. She received 17 rejectins in ttal.
B. 29 f her rejectins were frm jurnals.
C. The rejectins were cnnected int a fan.
D. She made sme rejectin letters int a skirt.
5. What is Julie Libarkin's attitude twards Caitlin's actin?
A. Favrable.B. Ambiguus.
C. Skeptical.D. Oppsed.
6. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Catlin?
A. Creative and cnsiderate.B. Caring and determined.
C. Optimistic and humrus.D. Generus and intelligent.
7. Which f the fllwing may Caitlin agree with?
A. Hard wrk pays ff.
B. Educatin is the entrance t success.
C. Self-respect earns mre respect.
D. One needs t nrmalize failures.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了29岁的Julie Libarkin将收到的拒绝信做成了一件裙子，希望告诉人们，失败是很正常的。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“29-year-ld Caitlin Kirby printed ut 17 f her rejectin letters — frm schlarships, academic jurnals, and cnferences — then flded each ne int a fan. She cnnected them in rws, and by the end she designed the item int a skirt and wre it.(29岁的Caitlin Kirby打印了17封拒绝信——有来自奖学金、学术期刊和会议的——然后把每一封折叠成一个扇子。她把它们连成一排，最后把这件衣服设计成裙子，然后穿在身上)”可知，Caitlin Kirby将收到的拒绝信做成了一件裙子。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Caitlin's adviser, Julie Libarkin, a prfessr f earth and envirnmental science at Michigan State University, als encurages the acceptance f failure in her students. Libarkin believes it's imprtant fr students t get int habit f applying fr things, and t get used t the feeling f rejectin, s she encurages them t chase after any pprtunity that cmes their way. (Caitlin的导师、密歇根州立大学地球与环境科学教授Julie Libarkin也鼓励学生接受失败。Libarkin认为，对学生来说，养成申请的习惯并习惯被拒的感觉非常重要。因此，她鼓励学生们追逐任何机会)”可推断，Julie Libarkin对Caitlin的行为是赞成的。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A PhD student in Michigan defended her paper while wearing a skirt made f rejectin letters she received while studying. (密歇根的一名博士生在她的论文答辩时，她穿着一条裙子，裙子是由她在学习期间收到的拒绝信做成的)”和最后一段“"I'm prepared t receive a few mre rejectin letters alng the way," she jked heartily, "Maybe I'll make a lnger skirt."(我还会收到更多的拒绝信，”她开玩笑说，“也许我会做一条长一点的裙子。”)”可推断，Caitlin Kirby乐观且幽默。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“"The whle prcess f revisiting thse ld letters and making that skirt srt f reminded me that yu have t apply t a lt f things t succeed," she said. "A natural part f the prcess is t get rejected alng the way." (“翻看那些旧信件、制作那条裙子的整个过程在某种程度上提醒了我，要想成功，你必须申请很多职位。”她说。“在这个过程中，被拒绝是很自然的一部分。”)”可推断，我们需要将失败正常化。故选D。
C
Hneybees can’t swim and when their wings are wet, they can’t fly, either. But Chris Rh and ther researchers at the Califrnia Institute f Technlgy fund that when bees drp int bdies f water, they can use their wings t prduce little waves and slide tward land—like surfers wh create and then ride their wn waves.
As with many scientific advances－Isaac Newtn’s apple r Benjamin Franklin’s lightning blt—Dr. Rh’s experiment began with a walk. Passing Caltech’s Millikan Pnd in 2016, he bserved a bee n the water’s surface prducing waves. He wndered hw an insect knwn fr flight culd push itself thrugh water.
Dr. Rh and his c-wrker, Mrteza Gharib, used butterfly nets t cllect lcal Pasadena hneybees and bserved their surf-like mvements. The researchers used a wire t restrict each bee’s bdily mvement, allwing clse examinatin f their wings. They fund that the bee bends its wings at a 30-degree angle, pulling up water and prducing a frward frce. Bees get trapped n the surface because water is rughly three times heavier than air. But that weight helps t push the bee frward when its wings mve quickly up and dwn. It’s a tugh exercise fr the bees, which the researchers guess culd handle abut 10 minutes f the activity.
The researchers said the surf-like mvement hasn’t been dcumented in ther insects and mst semiaquatic insects use their legs fr prpulsin, which is knwn as water-walking. It may have evlved in bees, they predicted.
Dr. Rh and Dr. Gharib have imagined many practical applicatins fr bees’ surfing. One plan is t use their bservatins t design rbts able t travel acrss sky and sea. “This culd be useful fr search and rescues, r fr getting samples f the surface f the cean, if yu can’t send a bat r helicpter,” Dr. Gharib said.
8. What des the authr intend t shw by mentining Newtn and Franklin?
A. Rh’s admiratin fr them.
B. Rh’s chance discvery abut bees.
C. Their utstanding talent fr science.
D. Their similar achievements in discvery.
9. What des the underlined wrd “prpulsin” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Fast flight.B. Driving frce.
C. Pulling speed.D. Explsive pwer.
10. What des the text mainly tell us?
A. Hneybees can surf t safety.
B. Bees help scientists make inventins.
C. Insects can adapt t the envirnment.
D. Nature is a helpful guide fr discvery.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，当蜜蜂掉进水里时，它们可以用翅膀产生小波浪，然后像会创造并驾驭自己的波浪的冲浪者一样滑向陆地。文章主要介绍了这项研究的开展过程以及蜜蜂冲浪行为可以带来的一些实际应用。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“As with many scientific advances—Isaac Newtn’s apple r Benjamin Franklin’s lightning blt—Dr. Rh’s experiment began with a walk. Passing Caltech’s Millikan Pnd in 2016, he bserved a bee n the water’s surface prducing waves. He wndered hw an insect knwn fr flight culd push itself thrugh water. (与许多科学进步一样——牛顿的苹果或本杰明·富兰克林的闪电——Rh博士的实验是从散步开始的。2016年路过加州理工学院的米利坎池塘时，他观察到一只蜜蜂在水面上产生了波浪。他想知道一种以飞行著称的昆虫是如何自己在水中推进的) ”可知，牛顿和富兰克林的科学发现是从偶然开始的，可得出作者在此处提及牛顿和富兰克林是想表明Rh关于蜜蜂的发现是偶然的。故选B。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“The researchers said the surf-like mvement hasn't been dcumented in ther insects and mst semiaquatic insects use their legs fr prpulsin, which is knwn as water-walking.(研究人员说，在其他昆虫身上还没有记录到类似这种像冲浪一样的运动，大多数半水生昆虫用腿prpulsin，这就是所谓的水上行走)”可知，大多数半水生昆虫用它们的腿在水上行走，即用腿作为推动力前进，所以prpulsin意思是“推动力”。故选B。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But Chris Rh and ther researchers at the Califrnia Institute f Technlgy fund that when bees drp int bdies f water, they can use their wings t prduce little waves and slide tward land—like surfers wh create and then ride their wn waves.(但加州理工学院的Chris Rh和其他研究人员发现，当蜜蜂掉进水里时，它们可以用翅膀产生小波浪，然后像会创造并驾驭自己的波浪的冲浪者一样滑向陆地) ”和结合文章主要介绍了这项研究的开展过程以及蜜蜂冲浪行为可以带来的一些实际应用，可知文章主要告诉我们蜜蜂可以冲浪到安全的地方。故选A。
D
Frests in cuntries like Brazil and the Cng get a lt f attentin frm envirnmentalists, and it is easy t see why. Suth America and sub-Saharan Africa are experiencing defrestatin n an enrmus scale: every year almst 5 millin hectares are lst. But frests are als changing in rich Western cuntries. They are grwing larger, bth in the sense that they ccupy mre land and that the trees in them are bigger. What is ging n?
Frests are spreading in almst all Western cuntries, with the fastest grwth in places that histrically had rather few trees. In 1990 28% f Spain was frested; nw the prprtin is 37%. In bth Greece and Italy, the grwth was frm 26% t 32% ver the same perid. Frests are gradually taking mre land in America and Australia. Perhaps mst astnishing is the trend in Ireland. Rughly 1% f that cuntry was frested when it became independent in 1922. Nw frests cver 11% f the land, and the gvernment wants t push the prprtin t 18% by the 2040s.
Tw things are fertilising this grwth. The first is the abandnment f farmland, especially in high, dry places where nthing grws terribly well. When farmers give up trying t earn a living frm farming r herding, trees simply mve in. The secnd is gvernment plicy and subsidy. Thrughut histry, gvernments have prtected and prmted frests fr diverse reasns, ranging frm the need fr wden warships t a desire t prmte suburban huse-building. Nwadays frests are increasingly welcme because they suck in carbn pllutin frm the air. The justificatins change; the desire fr mre trees remains cnstant.
The greening f the West des nt delight everyne. Farmers cmplain that land is being taken ut f use by generusly subsidised tree plantatins. Parts f Spain and Prtugal suffer frm terrible frest fires. Others simply dislike the appearance f frests planted in neat rws. They will have t get used t the trees, hwever. The grwth f Western frests seems almst as unstppable as defrestatin elsewhere.
11. What is catching envirnmentalists' attentin nwadays?
A. Rich cuntries are stripping pr nes f their resurces
B. Frests are fast shrinking in many develping cuntries
C. Frests are eating away the fertile farmland wrldwide
D. Rich cuntries are ding little t address defrestatin.
12. Which cuntries have the fastest frest grwth?
A. Thse that have newly achieved independence
B. Thse that have the greatest demand fr timber.
C. Thse that used t have the lwest frest cverage.
D. Thse that prvide enrmus gvernment subsidies
13. What has encuraged frest grwth histrically?
A. The gvernment's advcacy.
B. The use f wd fr fuel
C. The favurable climate
D. The green mvement.
14. What accunts fr ur increasing desire fr frests?
A. Their unique scenic beauty.
B. Their use as fruit plantatins.
C. Their capability f imprving air quality.
D. Their stable supply f building materials.
15. What des the authr cnclude abut the prspects f frestatin?
A. Deserts in sub-Saharan Africa will diminish gradually.
B It will play a mre and mre imprtant rle in peple's lives.
C. Frest destructin in the develping wrld will quickly slw dwn.
D. Develped and develping cuntries are mving in ppsite directins.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。发展中国家的森林正在不断萎缩，同时，西方国家的森林在不断增长，它们向着完全相反的两个方向发展。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Frests in cuntries like Brazil and the Cng get a lt f attentin frm envirnmentalists, and it is easy t see why Suth America and sub-Saharan Africa are experiencing a lss f frest n a large scale: every year almst 5 millin hectares are lst.（像巴西和刚果这样的国家的森林受到了环保主义者的广泛关注，同时很容易理解为什么，南美洲和撒哈拉以南的非洲正在经历大规模的森林消失：每年几乎有500万公顷的森林消失）”可知，在许多发展中国家，森林正在迅速萎缩，这种现象引发了环境保护者的关注。故选B。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“Frests are spreading in almst all Western cuntries, with fastest grwth in places that histrically had rather few trees.（森林在几乎所有的西方国家都在蔓延，在历史上树木较少的地方增长最快）”可知，森林在历史上树木罕见的地方增长最快。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“Thrughut histry, gvernments have prtected and prmted frests fr diverse reasns, ranging frm the need fr wden warships t a desire t prmte suburban huse-building.（纵观历史，各国政府出于各种各样的原因保护和促进森林的发展，从对木制战舰的需求到促进郊区房屋建设的愿望）”可知，历史上，政府的倡导促进了森林的增长。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段“Nwadays frests are increasingly welcme because they suck in carbn pllutin frm the air.（现在森林越来越受欢迎，因为它们吸收空气中的碳污染）”可知，森林能够吸收碳污染，从而改善空气质量，因此，我们对于森林的渴望与日俱增。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理推断题。由文章第一段“Frests in cuntries like Brazil and the Cng get a lt f attentin frm envirnmentalists, and it is easy t see why Suth America and sub-Saharan Africa are experiencing a lss f frest n a large scale: every year almst 5 millin hectares are lst.（像巴西和刚果这样的国家的森林受到了环保主义者的广泛关注，同时很容易理解为什么南美洲和撒哈拉以南的非洲正在经历大规模的森林消失：每年几乎有500万公顷的森林消失）”和最后一段“The grwth f Western frests seems almst as unstppable as defrestatin elsewhere.（西方森林的增长似乎和其他地方的森林砍伐一样不可阻挡）”可知，西方发达国家的森林不断增长，发展中国家的森林在迅速减少，它们向着完全相反的两个方向发展。故选D。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Music makes yu mre creative.___16___, they cme up with mre creative slutins, accrding t researchers. It may be because music imprves yur brain’s flexibility. Anther reasn may be that it relaxes yu enugh fr the creative juices t flw. But dn’t play music t ludly.
Music can help during surgery. ____17____. After surgery, it helps reduce pain. An analysis f 73 studies cnfirmed that listening t music befre, during r after surgery reduces anxiety and pain levels, which in turn means less pain medicatin.
___18___ Studies have fund that when yu’re running, biking r walking, yu’ll g farther with music n. Music relieves yur discmfrt and mtivates yu t stay n. The effect is s bviusly great that the authr f a review examining the psychlgical effects f music n exercise called music “a type f legal perfrmance-imprvement drug”.
Music aids sleep. Listening t music befre bed can help yu fall asleep faster and wake up less ften during the night. _____19_____. In ne study, senirs with sleep prblems wh listened t 45 minutes f sft slw music befre bed reprted a 35 percent imprvement in their sleep.
Music gets yu t ignre the passing f time. Scientists have shwn repeatedly that peple judge a perid f waiting shrter when music is playing. Businessmen use that t their advantage, playing music s yu stay lnger and spend mre. Fr instance, mre drinks and fd are sld in bars and restaurants when music is played. _____20_____, grcery sales increase by 38 percent.
A. In this case, yu’ll feel mre relaxed in the mrning
B. And if the backgrund music is slw
C. Then yu play a piece f brief music
D. When peple listen t happy music than when they sit in silence
E. When music is played varying frm a tune t anther
F. Music makes yu get rid f the idea f quitting a wrkut
G. Listening t music befre surgery has been shwn t ease anxiety
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了音乐的一些好处，包括听音乐会使人更有创造力、有助于降低手术前、手术中或手术后的焦虑和疼痛水平、让人更能坚持锻炼以及辅助睡眠等等。
【16题详解】
根据后文they cme up with mre creative slutins, accrding t researchers. It may be because music imprves yur brain’s flexibility. Anther reasn may be that it relaxes yu enugh fr the creative juices t flw.可知他们会想出更有创意的解决方案。这可能是因为音乐提高了你大脑的灵活性。另一个原因可能是它能让你足够放松，让你的创造性思维得以流动。由此可知，本句是在说明当人们听着快乐的音乐时，他们会更有创造力。故D选项“当人们听着快乐的音乐，而不是静静地坐着”符合上下文语境，故选D。
【17题详解】
根据后文After surgery, it helps reduce pain. An analysis f 73 studies cnfirmed that listening t music befre, during r after surgery reduces anxiety and pain levels, which in turn means less pain medicatin.可知手术后，它有助于减轻疼痛。一项对73项研究的分析证实，在手术前、手术中或手术后听音乐可以降低焦虑和疼痛水平，从而减少止痛药。由此可知，本句是在说明手术前听音乐可以缓解焦虑。故G选项“手术前听音乐已被证明可以缓解焦虑”符合上下文语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
根据后文Studies have fund that when yu’re running, biking r walking, yu’ll g farther with music n. Music relieves yur discmfrt and mtivates yu t stay n.可知研究发现，当你跑步、骑自行车或走路时，你会随着音乐走得更远。音乐可以缓解你的不适，激励你坚持下去。由此可知，运动时听音乐能让人坚持下去，走得更远，打消放弃的念头。故F选项“音乐能让你打消放弃锻炼的念头”符合上下文语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
根据上文Music aids sleep. Listening t music befre bed can help yu fall asleep faster and wake up less ften during the night.可知音乐辅助睡眠。睡前听音乐可以帮助你更快入睡，减少夜间醒来的次数。由此可知，音乐有助于睡眠质量的提高，那么结果就是人们早上醒来会感到更放松。故A选项“在这种情况下，你会在早上感到更放松”符合上下文语境，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据上文Scientists have shwn repeatedly that peple judge a perid f waiting shrter when music is playing. Businessmen use that t their advantage, playing music s yu stay lnger and spend mre.可知科学家们已经反复证明，当音乐响起时，人们会判断等待的时间变短了。商家利用这一点，播放音乐，让你待得更久，花得更多。以及后文grcery sales increase by 38 percent.可知杂货店的销售额会增加38%。由此可知，在酒吧和餐厅播放的背景音乐如果是舒缓的，那么人们会停留更久，消费更多，从而导致杂货店的销售额会增加38%。故B选项“如果背景音乐是慢的”符合上下文语境，故选B。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We have lst the art f the unsent angry letter, says a recent New Yrk Times clumn.
The writer, Maria Knnikva, says that many famus peple had the habit f writing letters expressing their ____21____ twards their receivers and then destrying the letters. Whenever frmer U.S. President Abraham Lincln felt the ____22____ t tell smene ff, he wuld cmpse what he called a “ht letter.” He wuld vent (发泄) all f his anger int a nte, put it aside until his emtins ____23____. And then he wuld write n the letter, “Never sent. Never signed.”
Knnikva says that the unsent angry letter used t be a traditin amng public figures wh needed t think twice abut their chice f ____24____. Frmer U.S. President Harry S. Truman, frmer U.K. Prime Minister Winstn Churchill, and American authr Mark Twain all wrte unsent angry letters.
There are tw ____25____ f the unsent letter, says Knnikva. “It serves as a type f emtinal ____26____, a way t let it all ut withut incurring the negative aftereffects f actual ____27____. And it acts as a(n)____28____ exercise, and exercise in saying what yu really think.”
In the scial media age, we have mre channels t ____29____ immediate displeasure than ever befre. Venting ur ______30______ feelings is easy, but it als means that we give up the chance t think twice and t act differently.
When Lincln wanted t write his “ht letter,” he had t find a pen and a piece f paper. That prcess alne prvided time t determine if his anger shuld be ______31______ r be kept quiet. Nw we need nly t click a buttn t send ur ______32______ and hurtful wrds n their way. In the heat f the mment, says Knnikva, “We find the line between a(n)______33______ respnse and ne that needs a cling-ff perid.” We have ______34______ a buffer zne (缓冲带) t determine what needs t be said and what needs t nly be felt. Perhaps that’s why we see s much anger and hatred nline. Because it is s easy t create them in rder t vent ur feelings, we end up receiving less ______35______ frm the experience, and, as a result, we feel the need t d it mre ften t make up fr this shrtage. When yur emtins never quite cl, they keep cming ut in ther ways.
21. A. dissatisfactinB. happinessC. gratitudeD. cnfusin
22. A. hnrB. cstC. urgeD. pprtunity
23. A. blew upB. cled dwnC. burned upD. mved n
24. A. pensB. wrdsC. papersD. emtins
25. A. benefitsB. prblemsC. qualitiesD. types
26. A. intelligenceB. suppressinC. releaseD. supprt
27 A. actinB. engagementC. participatinD. exercise
28. A. strategicB. physicalC. psychlgicalD. academic
29. A. expressB. causeC. hideD. use
30. A. ptimisticB. guiltyC. negativeD. curius
31. A. vicedB. arusedC. feltD. cntrlled
32. A. praisesB. requestsC. cmmentsD. cmplaints
33. A. imperfectB. apprpriateC. rapidD. natural
34. A. leftB. enteredC. createdD. lst
35. A. practiceB. feedbackC. satisfactinD. supprt
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一封不会寄出的信。想要写“怒火之信”时，找纸笔的过程能让他冷静下来，让他有时间决定到底是要为自己的愤怒发声，还是要将愤怒留在心底。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作者玛丽亚·科尼科娃说，很多名人在愤怒时都会给惹怒他的人写信表达满意，然后把信毁掉。A. dissatisfactin不满；B. happiness快乐；C. gratitude感激；D. cnfusin混乱。根据“and then destrying the letters.”可知，通过写信来表达不满。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当美国前总统亚伯拉罕·林肯想要斥责某人时，他就会写一封他称之为“热情狂的信”。A. hnr荣誉；B. cst花费；C. urge冲动；D. pprtunity机会。the urge t d sth. 做某事的冲动。根据“he wuld cmpse what he called a “ht letter.””可知，这里指林肯总统想要责骂别人时。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他会把所有的愤怒都写在纸条上，然后把它放在一边，直到他的情绪平静下来。A. blew up大怒；B. cled dwn平静下来；C. burned up燃烧起来；D. mved n继续前进。根据“He wuld vent (发泄) all f his anger int a nte, put it aside”可知，发泄后，置于一旁，直到冷静下来。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：科尼科娃说，对公众人物来说，不发送愤怒的信件曾经是一种传统，他们需要再三考虑自己的措辞。A. pens钢笔；B. wrds话；措辞；C. papers文件；D. emtins情感。根据“public figures wh needed t think twice”可知，公众人物需要注意措辞的选择。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：科尼科娃说，不发送信件有两个好处。A. benefits好处；B. prblems问题；C. qualities质量；D. types类型。根据“It serves as a type f emtinal ____6____, a way t let it all ut withut incurring the negative aftereffects f actual ____7____. And it acts as a(n)____8____ exercise, and exercise in saying what yu really think.”可知，这里指不发送信件的两个好处。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是一种情绪释放，一种释放所有情绪的方式，而不会招致实际参与的负面后果。A. intelligence智力；B. suppressin镇压；C. release释放；D. supprt支持。根据“a way t let it all ut”可知，写信表达愤怒是情感的释放。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是一种情绪释放，一种释放所有情绪的方式，而不会招致实际约定的负面后果。A. actin行为；B. engagement约定；义务；C. participatin参加；D. exercise锻炼。根据“There are tw ____5____ f the unsent letter,”可知，因为信件没有发生，所以不会产生实际约定的影响。故选B。
28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一种战略演练，一种表达自己真实想法的演练。A. strategic战略的；B. physical身体的；C. psychlgical心理的；D. academic学术的。根据“and exercise in saying what yu really think.”可知，这是一种策略性的做法。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在社交媒体时代，我们比以往任何时候都有更多的渠道来表达即时的不满。A. express表达；B. cause引起；C. hide隐藏；D. use使用。根据“In the scial media age, we have mre channels”可知，在社交媒体时代更容易表达即刻的不快。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：发泄我们的消极情绪很容易，但这也意味着我们放弃了三思而后行的机会。A. ptimistic乐观的；B. guilty有罪的；C. negative消极的；D. curius好奇的。根据“In the scial media age, we have mre channels t ____9____ immediate displeasure than ever befre.”可知，因为是表达即时的不满，所以发泄的是消极的情绪。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个过程本身就提供了时间来决定他的愤怒是应该表达出来还是保持沉默。 A. viced表达；B. arused唤醒；C. felt感到；D. cntrlled控制。根据“r be kept quiet.”可知，愤怒要么是表达出来，要么是保持沉默。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我们只需要只需点一下鼠标，自己的牢骚之语、伤人之言就能迅速发送出去。A. praises赞扬；B. requests请求；C. cmments评论；D. cmplaints抱怨。根据“hurtful wrds”可知，这里指抱怨和伤人的话。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科尼科娃说，在情绪激动的时候，“我们发现适当的反应和需要一段冷静期之间的界限。”A. imperfect不完美的；B. apprpriate适当的；C. rapid迅速的；D. natural自然的。这里指恰当的回应之前，我们需要由缓冲。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们失去了一个缓冲地带，来决定哪些话应该说，哪些情绪需要宣泄。 A. left离开；B. entered进入；C. created创造；D. lst失去。根据“t determine what needs t be said and what needs t nly be felt.”可知，但现在这个阶段已经失去了。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为为了发泄自己的情感，我们很容易创造这些情感，最终我们从这些经历中得到的满足感会减少，因此，我们觉得有必要更频繁地创造它们来弥补这一不足。A. practice练习；B. feedback反馈；C. satisfactin满意；D. supprt支持。根据“Because it is s easy t create them in rder t vent ur feelings,”可知，发泄自己的情感并没有得到多少满足感。故选C。
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hw d clrs make yu feel? British fashin designer Wayne Hemingway explred this tpic in a BBC radi prgram abut the psychlgy f clr. Belw are his ____36____(summary) ideas.
Red “raises bld pressure”, and stands ___37___ frm ther clrs thanks t its lng wavelength. Hemingway says it appears t be “cming twards yu”, and s is useful fr ___38___ (emergent) and alarm signs, and als fr____39____ (cnvey) “urgency” in general. Blue is ____40____ cnstant presence in ur lives, says Hemingway, being the clr f the sky and the sea. That gives it an air f reliability, ___41___ makes it a firm chice with “banks and crpratins”. Green is, unsurprisingly, the clr f nature and the envirnment. Marketers understand that giving a prduct green packaging creates the impressin that it is____42____ (envirnment) friendly. Finally, we have purple, which is assciated with ____43____ (value) things. Cmpanies use purple t make their ____44____ (prduce) seem mre exclusive, _____45_____ they’re selling chclate r cigarettes.
【答案】36. summarized
37. ut 38. emergency
39. cnveying
40. a 41. which
42. envirnmentally
43. valuable
44. prducts
45. whether
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过研究表述了不同颜色带给人的感受。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：以下是他总结的观点。名词ideas与summarize之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填summarized。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：红色“会使血压升高”，由于波长长，红色从其他颜色中脱颖而出。固定短语stands ut frm从……中脱颖而出。故填ut。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：海明威说，它似乎是“向你走来”，所以在紧急情况和警报标志中很有用，通常也用于传达“紧急”。连词and后的是名词alarm signs，所以空格处应填入名词作fr的宾语。故填emergency。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：海明威说，它似乎是“向你走来”，所以在紧急情况和警报标志中很有用，通常也用于传达“紧急”。介词fr后接动名词形式。故填cnveying。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：海明威说，蓝色是我们生活中永恒的存在，是天空和大海的颜色。名词presence是单数形式，泛指且形容词cnstant发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这给了它一种可靠的氛围，使它成为“银行和企业”的坚定选择。先行词指代前面的一句话，所以用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：营销人员明白，给产品绿色包装会让人觉得它是环保的。形容词friendly前用副词修饰。故填envirnmentally。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：最后是紫色，它与有价值的东西有关。名词things前用形容词修饰。故填valuable。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：公司用紫色来让他们的产品看起来更独特，无论是卖巧克力还是香烟。形容词性物主代词their后接名词的复数形式泛指。故填prducts。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：公司用紫色来让他们的产品看起来更独特，无论是卖巧克力还是香烟。根据空格后的r可知，这里是固定短语whether…r…无论……还是……。故填whether。
第四部分 书面表达（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，阳春三月，你校将组织学生徒步远足，去郊外公园赏花。请给外教Chris写一封英文信，邀请他参加此次活动。内容包括：1. 时间；2. 活动安排；3. 需要携带的物品。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Chris,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Chris,
I’m writing t tell yu that we intend t rganize a hiking t the park in the suburb f ur twn and I sincerely invite yu t g with us n behalf f ur class.
We are suppsed t gather at the schl gate and set ut fr the park n ft at 8:30 in the mrning. We will appreciate picturesque scenery f Cherry Blssm in the park and enjy ur picnic lunch there. We are t return at abut 3 ’clck in the afternn by bus which will be arranged by ur schl. If yu want t g with us, please arrive at the schl gate befre 8:20 in the mrning and take sme fd with yu as lunch. Yu may equip yurself with a camera t recrd the beautiful scenery. A hat is als necessary, fr accrding t the weather reprt it will be sunny that day.
Yur participatin can surely add clr t ur trip and we are all lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Chris写一封英文信，邀请他参加学校组织的公园赏花远足活动，告知时间，活动安排以及需要携带的物品等相关信息。
【详解】1.词汇积累
打算/计划：plan→intend
应该：shuld/be expected t→be suppsed t
观看/欣赏：watch/admire→appreciate
期待/期望：expect→lk frward t
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Yu may equip yurself with a camera t recrd the beautiful scenery.
拓展句：Yu may equip yurself with a camera s that yu can recrd the beautiful scenery.
【点睛】【高分句型1】We are t return at abut 3 ’clck in the afternn by bus which will be arranged by ur schl.（运用了which引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】If yu want t g with us, please arrive at the schl gate befre 8:20 in the mrning and take sme fd with yu as lunch.（运用了if引导条件状语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My mther was a supprter f physical punishment, but fr all her talking she has never spanked (打屁股) my siblings and me nly nce. Instead，she fund ways f punishment that left a mre lasting memry than giving us a spanking. One f the mst memrable f these ccasins ccurred when I was fur.
In the early 70’s my mther attended cllege during the day and I was in daycare. One day at daycare I watched an extremely tired mther attempt t pick up her daughter. The little girl asked, “Mmma, are we ging t McDnald’s fr dinner?” The mther replied, “Hney, nt tnight. Mmma has t run a few errands (差事) and then we have t g hme and ck dinner fr Daddy.” “But I wanna g.” “Susie, I said nt tnight. Maybe, if yu are a gd girl, we can g tmrrw.” Susie immediately drpped t the flr, kicking and screaming, “I want t g t McDnald’s.”
N amunt f pleading (恳求) r sclding, her mther tried stpped Susie’s tantrum (发脾气). Finally her mther gave in, “Okay, Susie, let’s g t McDnald’s.” Susie stpped yelling and smiling she grabbed her mther’s hand and they left. T say I was amazed wuld be inaccurate; I was delighted that anything I wanted culd be had by thrwing a tantrum.
That day my mther picked me up early frm daycare because we were ging t a stre t purchase sme Christmas items. I was excited by the lights and decratins, and as we walked thrugh the ty sectin n the way t the cunter, I saw a ty I had t have. It was a white and red telephne whse bells rang as it was pulled alng n a string. Lking lvingly up at my mther I asked, “Mama, can I have that telephne?”
She replied, “Baby, nt nw, but if yu are a gd girl, maybe Santa will bring it t yu.” “But Mama, I want that telephne right nw.” Her eyes narrwed and her hand tightened n mine. “Becky, yu can’t have that telephne tday, but if yu misbehave, yu can have a spanking.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答
Paragraph l:
By nw we were standing in the lng hliday line t pay the bill, and I figured it was a gd chance.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
“Mama, stp. Mama, get up,” I tearfully pleaded.
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【答案】Paragraph 1:
By nw we were standing in the lng hliday line t pay the bill, and I figured it was a gd chance. I lay dwn n the grund and began screaming, “I want that telephne,” ver and ver again. Weary Christmas shppers lked as my mther calmly said, “Becky, yu had better get up by the cunt f three r else... One... Tw... Three.” Nthing. I was still in full tantrum. S then she lay dwn beside me n the flr, and began kicking and screaming, “I want a new car. I want a new huse. I want sme jewelry. I want...” Shcked, I std up.
Paragraph 2:
“Mama, stp. Mama, get up,” I tearfully pleaded. She std, and brushed herself ff. At first stunned, the thers waiting in line began t clap, and befre I knew it they were cheering and laughing and patting my mther n her back. She blushed and tk a little bw and the next thirty minutes in line was pure misery fr me as varius parents leaving the stre, shake their heads at me and say with a smile, “Yur mmma gt yu gd. I bet yu’ll never try that again.” And I didn’t, because it left a lasting mental picture mre effective than any physical mark. Mm didn't give me any punishment but I did learn smething.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者母亲是体罚的支持者，但母亲从不体罚孩子，而母亲的教育给作者留下了比打屁股更持久的记忆——有一天作者在托儿所看到了另外一个孩子通过躺在地上尖叫得到了自己想要的东西，这让作者记忆深刻；那天作者从托儿所离开，作者想要买一部玩具电话，作者母亲拒绝了并说如果作者行为不端，就打作者的屁股。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“现在我们排着长假队付账，我想这是个好机会。”可知，第一段可描写作者想通过躺在地上尖叫让妈妈给她买玩具电话，但妈妈也躺在地上尖叫，作者震惊了，就站了起来。
②由第二段首句内容“‘妈妈，停下。妈妈，起来，’我泪流满面地恳求道。”可知，第二段可描写妈妈在作者的祈求下，站了起来，身边人都在鼓掌，作者再也不敢通过躺在地上尖叫的方式获得东西了。
2.续写线索：我躺地上尖叫——我不起来——妈妈躺地上尖叫——我震惊并起来——恳求妈妈起来——欢呼高兴——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①开始：begin/ start
②起来：get up / rise t ne's feet
情绪类
①震惊的：shcked/ astnished
②痛苦：misery /pain
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Weary Christmas shppers lked as my mther calmly said, “Becky, yu had better get up by the cunt f three r else... One... Tw... Three.”（由as引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. I bet yu’ll never try that again.（由省略连接词that引导的宾语从句）