2021-2022学年上海市松江一中高一上学期期中英语试题含解析

这是一份2021-2022学年上海市松江一中高一上学期期中英语试题含解析，共23页。

2021-2022学年上海市松江一中高一上学期期中英语试题
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: Fill in the blanks. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
(A)
1. He will come to call on you the moment he ________ (finish) his painting.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】finishes
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：他一画完就会来拜访你。此处主句为一般将来时，时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主语为he，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填finishes。
2. The crazy fans ________ (wait) patiently for two hours and they will wait till the movie star arrived. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】have been waiting
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：疯狂的影迷们已经耐心地等了两个小时了，他们将一直等到这位电影明星的到来。根据后文“for two hours”可知表示动作发生在过去，持续不间断发生，并可能延续下去应用现在完成时进行时。主语为The crazy fans，助动词用have。故填have been waiting。
3. The twins, who ________ (complete) their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】had completed
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：完成了作业的双胞胎被允许在操场上打羽毛球。此处定语从句中动作发生在主句谓语动词之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had completed。
4. It ________ (be) five years since she began to take up raising flowers, and she is experienced in how to keep them more attractive. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】has been##is
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：她开始养花已经五年了，她对如何使花儿更迷人很有经验。此处为固定句型it is/has been+段时间+ since+从句，表示“……有多长时间了”。故填has been/is。
5. ________ had been expected, John got beaten in the game.（用适当的词填空）
【答案】As
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如预料的那样，约翰在比赛中被打败了。as引出非限定性定语从句时，代替整个主句，对其进行说明。通常均由逗号将其与主句隔开。as有“正如……， 就像……”之意。根据句意。故As。
6. I will walk all the way to visit him ________ it rains tomorrow.（用适当的词填空）
【答案】even if ##even though
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：即使明天下雨，我也要步行去看他。空格前后两句的句意是让步关系，意为：即使明天下雨，我也要步行去看他。even if /even though可以引导让步状语从句。故填even if /even though。
7. We went through a period ____________ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】when
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们经历了一段农村地区通讯非常困难的时期。此处为定语从句修饰先行词period，先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。
8. We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, ________ other visitors seldom go. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将被带着参观城市：学校、博物馆和其他一些其他游客很少去的地方。此处some other places作先行词，后面的定语从句缺少地点状语，由关系副词where引导。故答案为where。
9. It’s hard to see why Luoyang is so underrated ________ it is compared with some of the other great historical capitals of China. （用适当词填空）
【答案】as
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：与中国其他历史上伟大的都城相比，很难理解为什么洛阳被如此低估。分析句子可知，此句为时间状语从句，缺少表示时间的连词，故填as。
【点睛】
10. Cost will determine your experience — ________ you visit Europe, participate in a student exchange programme, or stay and work to help with family finances. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】when
【解析】
【详解】考查连词和状语从句。句意：成本将决定你的经历——当你访问欧洲，参加学生交换项目，或者留下来帮助家庭理财。破折号后是对前文的补充说明，根据句意用when引导时间状语从句，表示当你访问欧洲，参加学生交换项目，或者留下来帮助家庭理财，成本决定你的经历。故填when。
(B)
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Saying Goodbye to Sugar
It is the end of October. Social media is filled with pictures of people ____11____ promised to give up sugar at the beginning of the month, only to fail. Why is sugar so powerful, and how can we beat it?
Many sugar cravings (渴求) arise from a blood sugar imbalance ____12____ body takes in sugar, your blood sugar quickly increases and your body releases insulin(胰岛素) to lower it to a safer level. If the insulin brings your blood sugar level a bit too low, as often happens, your body longs for foods that will raise it and increase your energy. You are on a blood sugar roller coaster (过山车) that is hard to get off.
The key to balancing blood sugar is to eat foods that prevent too much insulin from ____13____ (release). Healthy fats and protein, for example, provide slow and continuous forms of energy. They are more like a flat, newly paved road rather than that roller coaster. Eating plenty of healthy fats, say nuts, avocados and olive oil, can help your body adjust to getting its energy elsewhere. ____14____ protein can help you is to make you feel satisfied and reduce hunger. And many of the amino acids (氨基酸) in protein help build the brain chemicals that make us feel good. When we feel balanced and energized, we are ____15____ (likely) to seek a sugar high.
Some sugar cravings come from your brain as a result of lifestyle. Stress causes glucose to be released by your liver, which in turn raises your blood sugar level. Therefore, being constantly stressed is like begging for trouble. Furthermore, poor sleep ____16____ also result in overeating, as you seek energy to relieve your tiredness.
Sometimes we experience cravings that are nothing but ____17____ habit. Perhaps you watched your parents overeat throughout your childhood. Now you do the same, eating pie, for example, even when you are not hungry at all. Or you may have spent years reaching for chocolate or ice cream ____18____ (reduce) sadness.
Hold on tight if you want to eventually get off this bumpy ride. Sugar has been shown to have an effect on the brain similar to ____19____ of an addictive drug. The cravings will likely remain for at least the first week. After that, some of the negative habits _____20_____(disappear) gradually. Hopefully, you can take off your seat belt and enjoy a smoother ride.
【答案】11. who
12. when 13. being released
14. how 15. less likely
16. can ##may
17. a 18. to reduce
19. that 20. will disappear
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了人们喜欢吃糖的原因，例如血糖失衡、生活方式等等，呼吁人们为了身体健康要控制吃糖。
【11题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：社交媒体上充斥着人们的照片，他们承诺在本月初放弃吃糖，结果却失败了。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是people，关系词在从句中作主语，因此应用关系代词who，故填who。
【12题详解】
考查时间状语从句关系词。句意：很多对糖的渴求来自一个血糖失衡——当身体摄入糖时，你的血糖会迅速升高，身体会释放胰岛素将其降低到一个更安全的水平。分析句子结构可知，这是一个时间状语从句，when意为“当……时候”，引导从句body takes in sugar，故填when。
【13题详解】
考查动名词的被动式。句意：平衡血糖的关键是吃能防止胰岛素释放过多的食物。固定搭配prevent sb from doing sth意为“ 阻止某人做某事”，介词from 后跟动名词，insulin与release逻辑上是被动关系，因此，应该使用被动语态，综上，该空应该填动名词的被动式being released。故填being released。
【14题详解】
考查主语从句关系词。句意：蛋白质能帮助你的是让你感到满足和减少饥饿感。分析句子结构可知，这是一个主语从句，从句中缺少状语，意为“怎样”，主语从句应该用连接副词how引导，故填how。
【15题详解】
考查形容词比较级的否定式。句意：当我们感到平衡和充满活力时，我们就更不太可能寻求高糖。形容词likely意为“可能的”，根据句意，此处应为“更不太可能”，其比较级的否定式是less likely。故填less likely。
【16题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：此外，睡眠不足也可能导致暴饮暴食，因为你需要能量来缓解疲劳。情态动词can 或者 may都可以表示一种可能性，符合句意及语法结构。故填can / may。
【17题详解】
考查冠词。句意：有时候，我们的渴望只不过是一种习惯。habit是可数名词，前面用冠词a修饰，表泛指。故填a。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：或者你可能花了数年时间去吃巧克力或冰淇淋来减少悲伤。分析句意及句子结构可知，“花了数年时间吃巧克力或冰淇淋”的目的是“减少悲伤”，动词不定式to reduce在该句中作目的状语。故填to reduce。
【19题详解】
考查代词。句意：糖对大脑的影响已被证明与上瘾药物类似。根据句意可知，代词that可以用来指代上文提到过的effect。故填that。
【20题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在那之后，一些消极习惯将逐渐消失。分析句子结构可知，主语是 the negative habits，空处为句子的谓语，根据汉语提示，动词 disappear意为“消失”充当句子的谓语，句意阐述将来可能要发生的事情，谓语动词用一般将来时will disappear。故填will disappear。
Section B
(A)
Directions：After reading the passage and the sentences below，fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
A. apparently B. dominating C. attraction D. identify E. infinitely F motivated G. amazing H. fascinated I. relevant J. predictions K. embarrassed

21. Fireworks added to the ________of the festival night.
22. This movie has some of the most________ stunts (特技) you're ever likely to see.
23. It occurs in elderly men, ________as part of the ageing process.
24. The children watched, ________as the lovely cartoon characters began to appear on the screen.
25. The system learned how to ________common patterns of rainfall, using UK radar mapsfrom2016 to 2018.
26. While some of your lessons may not seem directly ________to your needs at the moment, you are learning valuable study skills.
27. The AI system can make more accurate short-term ________ including for severe storms and floods.
28. We must recognize the role of technology in our lives，and that while it does make our lives easier，________our over-reliance upon it makes us equally vulnerable.
29. With Republicans ________ state government，there was little question of raising revenue (收入).
30. The pandemic eliminated live performances，a part of her job she loved，and she found it hard to stay ________once she traded the office for sitting at home on her computer.
【答案】21. C 22. G
23. A 24. H
25. D 26. I
27. J 28. E
29. B 30. F
【解析】
【21题详解】
考查名词。句意：烟火增加了节日之夜的吸引力。分析句子可知，空处应使用名词attraction，表达“吸引”之意，作to的宾语。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这部电影有一些你可能看过的最惊人的特技。分析句子可知，空处应使用形容词amazing，表达“惊人的”之意，作定语，修饰名词stunts。故选G项。
【23题详解】
考查副词。句意：它发生在老年男性身上，显然是衰老过程的一部分。分析句子可知，空处应使用副词，表达“显然地”之意，作状语。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当可爱的卡通人物开始出现在屏幕上时，孩子们看得入了迷。分析句子可知，空处应使用形容词，表达“入迷的”之意，作伴随状语。故选H项。
【25题详解】
考查动词。句意：该系统利用2016年至2018年间英国的雷达地图，学会了如何识别常见的降雨模式。分析句子可知，空处应使用动词原形identify，表达“识别”之意，与to构成不定式。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词。句意：虽然你的一些课程可能看起来与你的需求并不直接相关，但是你正在学习有价值的学习技能。分析句子并根据空前的seem可知，空处应使用形容词relevant，表达“相关的”之意，作seem的表语。故选I项。
【27题详解】
考查名词。句意：人工智能系统可以做出更准确的短期预测，包括对严重风暴和洪水的预测。分析句子可知，空处应使用名词prediction的复数，表达“预测”之意，作make的宾语。故选J项。
【28题详解】
考查副词。句意：我们必须认识到技术在我们生活中的作用，虽然它确实使我们的生活更加轻松，但是我们对它的过度依赖使我们同样脆弱。分析句子可知，空处应使用副词infinitely，表达“极大地”之意，作状语修饰句子。故选E项。
【29题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：由于共和党控制了州政府，增加收入几乎没有问题。分析句子可知，空处考查with复合结构，空处应使用dominating，表达“控制”之意。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词。句意：现场表演是她热爱的工作的一部分，疫情让她失去了工作的动力。她发现，一旦离开办公室，坐在家里玩电脑，她就很难保持动力。分析句子可知，空处应使用形容词，表达“积极的”之意，作stay的表语。故选F项。
(B)
Directions：After reading the passage and the sentences below,fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
A. suggest B. disorders C. permanent D. age-related E. periods F. average G. experience H. differently I. appearing J. uncommon K. luxury
Napping May Improve Learning
Getting a good night's sleep is important for the learning and memory process. It's important because it stores the training exercises and the learning exercises into our more ___31___memory while we're sleeping 7-8 hours in bed. And then the next morning when you wake up your mind is better prepared to act on that information.
But what about getting rest during the middle of the day？Short ___32___ of sleep may help our brains work better,or so says a recent study on napping. Taking a nap may also help this group of people fight off ___33___ memory loss. Many Americans do nap. But one-third of all adults in the United States are also chronically tired,notes the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). It found that 50 million to 70 million Americans have chronic sleep ___34___. So,someone who naps as a way of paying off a sleep debt may not ___35___ the same improvements from napping as a healthy,well-rested person would. Also,many people may not want to admit that they take naps. They may think that napping shows they are weak or lack energy. That only children,the very old,sick or lazy people nap is not a(n) ___36___ opinion.
In fact,Americans sometimes do a very strange thing. Some brag about how few hours of sleep they need each night. Health experts ___37___that adults get seven to eight hours of sleep each night. People who claim they only sleep four or five hours a night,they may think they are superhuman,somehow stronger than the ___38___human. However,that may be changing. Many offices now offer napping rooms and napping cafes are ___39___in many U.S. cities,including Washington,D.C. While resting in the middle of the work day may seem like a(n) ____40____to Americans,napping is very much part of a normal,everyday life in other parts of the world.
【答案】31. C 32. E
33. D 34. B
35. G 36. J
37. A 38. F
39. I 40. K
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。晚上睡个好觉对学习和记忆过程很重要。最近一项关于午睡的研究表明，短时间的睡眠可以帮助我们的大脑更好地工作。
【31题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这很重要，因为当我们在床上睡7-8小时的时候，它会把训练和学习的练习储存到我们更永久的记忆中。空格处修饰名词memory用形容词，根据语境可知此处指“永久记忆”，C.permanent，形容词，意为：永久的。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词。句意：最近一项关于午睡的研究表明，短时间的睡眠可以帮助我们的大脑更好地工作。空格前是形容词Short，故空格处填名词，根据语境可知此处指“短期睡眠”，E.period，可数名词，意为：一段时间，时期，此处指泛指所有短期的睡眠，用复数形式。故选E。
【33题详解】
考查形容词。句意：打个盹也可以帮助这些人抵抗与年龄有关的记忆丧失。空格处修饰名词memory loss，用形容词，根据语境可知此处指与年龄有关的记忆丧失，D.age-related，形容词，意为：与年龄有关的。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词。句意：研究发现，5000万至7000万美国人患有慢性睡眠障碍。根据前文的“But one-third of all adults in the United States are also chronically tired”及语境可知此处指“睡眠障碍”，B. disorder，可数名词，意为：混乱，杂乱，此处指各种睡眠障碍，用复数形式。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词。句意：所以，那些通过小睡来偿还睡眠债务的人，可能不会像一个健康、休息良好的人那样，从午睡中获得同样的改善。空格前有情态动词，故空格处填动词原形，结合选项可知选项G. experience，经历，符合语境。故选G。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：认为只有孩子、老人、病人或懒人会打盹的观点并不罕见。空格处修饰名词opinion用形容词。根据前文“Also,many people may not want to admit that they take naps.( 此外，许多人可能不愿承认他们会打盹。)”可知大部分人认为只有孩子、老人、病人或懒人会打盹，这个观点很普遍，并不罕见，选项J. uncommon，意为：不寻常的，罕有的。故选J。
【37题详解】
考查动词。句意：健康专家建议成年人每晚要睡七到八个小时。分析可知空格处填动词，根据其后的that从句“adults get seven to eight hours of sleep each night.”可知此处指健康专家建议成年人每晚要睡七到八个小时，此处表达现在的情况，动词用一般现在时，选项A. suggest，意为：建议。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：那些声称自己每晚只睡四五个小时的人，他们可能认为自己是超人，甚至比一般人强壮。空格处修饰名词human用形容词，根据前文“,they may think they are superhuman,somehow stronger than the”及语境可知此处指他们可能认为自己是超人，甚至比一般人强壮。选项F.average，形容词，意为：平均的，普通的，平常的。average human意为：普通人。故选F。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：许多办公室现在都提供小憩室，包括华盛顿在内的许多美国城市也出现了小憩咖啡馆。根据空格前的are可知此处是现在进行时态，故空格处填现在分词，结合选项可知选项I. appearing，出现，符合语境。故选I。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：对美国人来说，在工作日的中间休息可能是一种奢侈，但在世界其他地方，午睡是正常日常生活的重要组成部分。根据空格前的冠词a(n)可知空格处填名词，根据前文“While resting in the middle of the work day may seem like”中的while可知此处话锋一转，虽然公共场所提供可午睡的便利，但对美国人来说，在工作日的中间休息可能是一种奢侈，选项K. luxury，意为：奢侈。故选K。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude, and in a business context, it may also be regarded as a purposeful intention to make “ the other” feel at a disadvantage. So unless you have in mind doing one of those things, it’s better to ___41___too much eye contact.
Too little,___42___, can make you appear uneasy, unprepared, and insincere. In its analysis of patients, ___43___, for example, one large county hospital found, that 9-out-of-10 letters included mention of poor doctor-patient eye contact, a failure which was generally interpreted as “___44___of caring.”
“Just the right” amount of eye contact---the amount that produces a feeling of mutual ___45___and trustworthiness---will vary with situations, settings, personality types, gender and cultural differences. As a general rule, though, direct eye contact ranging from 30% to 60% of the time during a conversation---more when you are listening, less when you are speaking---should make for a ___46___ productive atmosphere.
And did you know these other facts about eye contact？
● We reduce eye contact when we are talking about something shameful or ___47___, when we are sad or depressed，and when we are accessing internal thoughts or emotions.
● We increase eye contact when dealing with people we like, ___48___ , or who have power over us. In more ___49___conversations we naturally look at each other more often and hold that gaze for longer periods of time. In fact, we ____50____relationships by the amount of eye contact exchanged: the greater the eye contact，the closer the relationship.
● We avoid eye contact in elevators, subways, crowded buses or trains-in elevators we face the door, in the others we stare at our smartphones-because it helps us ____51____the insecurity of having our personal space invaded.
● The biggest body language myth（错误观念）about liars is that they avoid eye contact. While some liars (most often, children) find it difficult to lie while looking directly at you，many liars actually try to “____52____” that they are not lying by making too much eye contact and holding it too long.
Eye contact is so powerful a force because it is connected with humans’ earliest ____53____patterns. Children who could attract and maintain eye contact, and therefore increase attention, had the best chance of being fed and cared for. Today, newborns ____54____lock eyes with their caregivers, and the power of that infantile eye contact still has its impact on the adult mind. Whether it's shifty-eyed guilt or wide-eyed innocence, we automatically assign enormous ____55____to the signals we give and get when we look into each other in the eyes.
41. A. create B. avoid C. block D. occupy
42. A. in the meantime B. in an instant C. on the other hand D. without doubt
43. A. complaints B. instructions C. questions D. expectations
44. A. intention B. shift C. lack D. complication
45. A. efficiency B. awareness C. reaction D. appreciation
46. A. comfortable B. right C. direct D. different
47. A. mysterious B. embarrassing C. distinctive D. dishonest
48. A. admire B. conquer C. consult D. attract
49. A. powerful B. purposeful C. private D. natural
50. A. establish B. improve C. value D. judge
51. A. protect B. convey C. master D. manage
52. A. imagine B. ensure C. prove D. require
53. A. behavior B. survival C. working D. eating
54. A. instinctively B. fiercely C. similarly D. instantly
55. A. relief B. trust C. surprise D. joy
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. C 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. A 49. D 50. D 51. D 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了眼神交流，适量的眼神交流能让人产生相互信任的感觉。
41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，除非你想做这些事情中的一件，否则最好避免太多的眼神交流。A. create创造；B. avoid避免；C. block阻挡；D. occupy占用。结合语境以及空后的“too much eye contact”可知，文章建议最好避免太多的眼神交流。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：另一方面，太少会让你显得不自在，毫无准备，不真诚。A. in the meantime同时；B. in an instant立即，马上；C. on the other hand另一方面；D. without doubt毫无疑问。根据第一段“Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude, and in a business context”以及空前的“Too little,”可知，前后两段在说明两种不同的情况，用on the other hand连接较好。故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在对病人的分析中，例如投诉，一家大型县医院发现，10封信中有9封提到了医生和病人之间缺乏眼神交流，这种失败通常被解释为“缺乏关心”。A. complaints抱怨；B. instructions指导；C. questions问题；D. expectations期望。根据后文“that 9-out-of-10 letters included mention of poor doctor-patient eye contact, a failure which was generally interpreted as “ ___4___ of caring.””中的failure可知，此处指患者的投诉。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在对病人的分析中，例如投诉，一家大型县医院发现，10封信中有9封提到了医生和病人之间缺乏眼神交流，这种失败通常被解释为“缺乏关心”。A. intention打算；B. shift转换；C. lack缺乏；D. complication复杂。lack of为固定用法，意为“缺乏”，与前文的“poor doctor-patient eye contact”叙述一致。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“恰到好处”的目光接触——产生相互欣赏和可信赖感的数量——会因情况、环境、性格类型、性别和文化差异而有所不同。A. efficiency有效；B. awareness意识；C. reaction反应；D. appreciation欣赏。根据空后的“and trustworthiness”可知，空处应使用跟“信任”意思接近的积极正向的名词。故选D项。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一般来说，在谈话过程中，30% 到60% 的时间进行直接的眼神交流——听的时候多一点，说的时候少一点——应该可以营造一种舒适而富有成效的氛围。A. comfortable舒适的；B. right正确的；C. direct直接的；D. different不同的。合适的眼神交流应该是创造舒适的氛围。其它选项不符合题意。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们谈论一些令人羞愧或尴尬的事情时，当我们悲伤或沮丧时，当我们进入内心的想法或情绪时，我们会减少眼神交流。A. mysterious神奇的；B. embarrassing尴尬的；C. distinctive独特的；D. dishonest不诚实的。根据前文的“shameful or”可知，空处应使用和“羞愧的”意思接近的形容词。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们与我们喜欢的、钦佩的或者对我们有影响力的人打交道时，我们会增加眼神交流。A. admire欣赏；B. conquer征服；C. consult咨询；D. attract吸引。根据空前的“like”可知，空处应使用和“喜欢”意思接近的动词。故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在更自然的对话中，我们自然而然地更频繁地看着对方，并且凝视对方更长的时间。A. powerful有力的；B. purposeful有目的的；C. private私人的；D. natural自然的。根据前文“We increase eye contact when dealing with people we like, ___8___ , or who have power over us.”提到的面对喜欢或者敬佩的人的时候，我们的眼神交流会增加，而根据后文“we naturally look at each other more often and hold that gaze for longer periods of time.”中的naturally可知，在更自然的对话中，我们会更频繁地盯着对方。故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我们通过眼神交流的数量来判断关系：眼神交流越多，关系就越亲密。A. establish成立；B. improve提升；C. value重视；D. judge评估。judge …by…为固定用法，意为“通过…而判断”。故选D项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在电梯、地铁、拥挤的公共汽车或火车上，我们避免眼神接触——在电梯里，我们面对着门，在其他电梯里，我们盯着智能手机——因为这有助于我们应对私人空间被侵犯的不安全感。A. protect保护；B. convey传达；C. master掌握；D. manage应对。根据语境，人们应该是manage（应对）the insecurity。其它选项不符合题意。故选D项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然有些说谎者(大多数是儿童)发现在直视你的时候很难撒谎，但许多说谎者实际上是通过眼神交流和持续时间太长来“证明”自己没有撒谎。A. imagine想象；B. ensure保证；C. prove证明；D. require需要。根据常识及空后的“that they are not lying by making too much eye contact and holding it too long.”可知，说谎者通过眼神交流和持续时间太长来“证明”自己没有撒谎。故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：眼神交流是一种强大的力量，因为它与人类最早的生存模式有关。A. behavior行为；B. survival生存；C. working工作；D. eating吃。结合语境，眼神交流应该跟人类的生存模式有关。故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：今天，新生儿会本能地锁住看护人眼睛，这种婴儿般的眼神交流的力量仍然对成年人的思想产生影响。A. instinctively本能地；B. fiercely凶猛地；C. similarly相似地；D. instantly立即地。根据newborns可推断，婴儿应该是本能地目光锁定看护人。故选A项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管是狡猾的有罪还是天真的无辜，当我们看着对方的眼睛时，我们会自然而然地给予和接收到的信号以巨大的宽慰。A. relief宽慰；B. trust信任；C. surprise吃惊；D. joy开心。根据语境，当有眼神交流时，我们应该是感到安慰的。故选A项。
Section B
Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read
(A)
Tim Richter and his wife，Linda，had taught for over 30 years near Buffalo，New York-he in computers,she in special education．“Teaching means everything to us，”Tim would say．In April 1998,he learned he would need a heart operation．It was the kind of news that leads to some serious thinking about life’s purpose．
Not long after the surgery，Tim saw a brochure describing Imagination Library,a program started by Dolly Parton’s foundation（基金会）that mailed a book every month to children from birth to age five in the singer’s home town of Sevier，Tennessee．“I thought，maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire，”Tim recalls．He placed the brochure on his desk，“as a reminder．”
Five years later，now retired and with that brochure still on the desk，Tim clicked on imaginationlibrary．com．The program had been opened up to partners who could take advantage of book and postage discounts．
The quality of the books was of great concern to the Richters．Rather than sign up online，they went to Dollywood for a look-see．“We didn’t want to give the children rubbish，”says Linda．The books-reviewed each year by teachers，literacy specialists，and Dollywood board members-included classics such as Ezra Jack Keats’s The Snowy Day and newer books like Anna Dewdney’s Llama Llama series．
Satisfied，the couple set up the Richter Family Foundation and got to work．Since 2004，they have shipped more than 12，200 books to preschoolers in their area．Megan Williams，a mother of four，is more than appreciative：“This program introduces us to books I’ve never heard of．”
The Richters spend about﹩400 a month sending books to 200 children．“Some people sit there and wait to die，”says Tim．“Others get as busy as they can in the time they have left．”
56. What led Tim to think seriously about the meaning of life？________
A. His health problem．
B. His love for teaching．
C. The influence of his wife．
D. The news from the Web．
57. What did Tim want to do after learning about Imagination Library？________
A Give out brochures．
B. Do something similar．
C. Write books for children．
D. Retire from being a teacher．
58. Why did the Richters go to Dollywood？________
A. To avoid signing up online．
B. To meet Dollywood board members．
C. To make sure the books were the newest．
D. To see if the books were of good quality．
59. What can we learn from Tim’s words in the last paragraph？________
A. He needs more money to help the children．
B. He wonders why some people are so busy．
C. He tries to save those waiting to die．
D. He considers his efforts worthwhile．
【答案】56. A 57. B 58. D 59. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过介绍Richter夫妇从接触一个名为Imagination Library的项目到成立自己的基金会的历程并找到生活的真正价值。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段的“In April 1998,he learned he would need a heart operation．It was the kind of news that leads to some serious thinking about life’s purpose．（1998年4月，他得知自己需要做心脏手术。这类新闻会引发人们对人生目标的严肃思考。）可知，是Tim 得病导致他思考生命的意义。故选A。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。从第二段的“I thought，maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire，”Tim recalls．”（我想，也许我和琳达退休后也可以做这样的事情。”蒂姆回忆道。）可知，他打算在退休后做类似的事，故选B。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。从第四段的“The quality of the books was of great concern to the Richters．Rather than sign up online，they went to Dollywood for a look-see．”（书的质量是里希特夫妇非常关心的问题。他们没有在网上注册，而是去多莱坞看了看。）可知，我们不想要质量不好的东西。从本段首句主题句中也能得出the Richters 关心的是书的质量。故选D。
【59题详解】
推理判断题。从最后一段Tim的话“Some people sit there and wait to die，”says Tim．“Others get as busy as they can in the time they have left．”（有些人坐在那里等死，”蒂姆说。其他人则在剩下的时间里尽可能地忙碌。） 可知，他认为自己做出的事情是值得的有意义的。故选D。
(B)
“Asia’s Challenge 2020” Essay Prize
DESCRIPTION
What is the most important challenge facing Asia over the next decade? Why? What should be done about it?
The best answer in 3,000 words or less will win a prize of 2,500. Two runners-up will be awarded prizes of 1,000 each. These three prize winners will be invited to Singapore for an expenses-paid awards ceremony. The winning articles will be posted on Time.com.
PURPOSE
The main purpose of the essay prize is to generate fresh ideas for tackling key challenges to Asia's continued competitiveness and development, as well as encourage young professionals to make an impact on public policy and business in Asia.
SELECTION CRITERIA
The essay will be judged according to creativity, innovation, rigor of research and writing, as well as achievability of idea. It can be focused on one or more areas relevant to Asia, such as macro-economics, business, international relations, trade and investment, education, healthcare, urban development, science and technology, and energy and the environment. The essay must be written in English. It should not have been previously published in English in a publication with broad international circulation.
CANDIDATE REQUIREMENTS
The candidate authoring the essay must be under 32years of age as of December 31, 2010. The candidate must be an Asian national.
SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS
The essay should be submitted electronically to prize@asiabusinesscouncil.Org. by August 31, 2010. Prize winners will be announced in September 2010.
The submission should contain the candidate's full name, nationality, and month and year of birth. The essay should include a title and word count.
60. What is the main purpose of the essay prize?
A. To select young professionals of both ability and imagination
B. To predict the prospects(前景) of Asia in the next decade
C. To issue the challenges facing Asia
D. To inspire brilliant ideas for solving problems in Asia
61. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. The winners of the essay prize can travel to Singapore for free
B. Articles published in local newspapers will not be accepted
C. Young people from Russia or Australia are excluded from the essay prize
D. The candidate's article can deal with several aspects of developments in Asia
62. The candidate's article should be sent .
A. by air mail B. by e-mail
C. by surface mail D. by express mail
【答案】60. D 61. B 62. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章是一篇关于论文比赛的宣传海报，论文比赛的题目是“亚洲的挑战，2020”，全篇从简介、目标、评判标准、投稿要求和投稿方式等几个方面介绍本次比赛。
【60题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章“PURPOSE”段落中“The main purpose of the essay prize is to generate fresh ideas for tackling key challenges to Asia's continued competitiveness and development, as well as encourage young professionals to make an impact on public policy and business in Asia.（论文奖的主要目的是为应对亚洲持续竞争力和发展面临的关键挑战产生新的想法，并鼓励年轻的专业人士对亚洲的公共政策和商业产生影响。）”可知，论文奖的目的是鼓励专业人员提出解决亚洲问题的高招，故选D。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“SELECTION CRITERIA”段落中“The essay must be written in English. It should not have been previously published in English in a publication with broad international circulation.（这篇文章必须是用英文写的。它以前本不应该在一个具有广泛的国际流通的出版物中以英文出版。）”可知，在此前国际刊物上发表过的文章不被接受，所以B选项的表述不正确，故选B。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS”段落中“The essay should be submitted electronically to prize@asiabusinesscouncil.Org. by August 31, 2010. Prize winners will be announced in September 2010.（论文应以电子方式提交给prize@asiabusinesscouncil.Org. 截止到2010年8月31日。获奖名单将于2010年9月公布。）”可知，候选人的文章应该以电子邮件的方式提交，故选B。
(C)
In rich countries like America, the absence of professional waste-pickers presents a problem. The general public is not very good at sorting rubbish. Households and businesses serviced by municipal waste-management providers may actually have got worse at sorting in the past 20 years, says Peter Keller of Republic Services, America's second-biggest waste management firm, which runs Newby Island in San Jose.
Citizens of rich countries, where almost 100% of municipal waste gets collected, take such services for granted - unless the collectors go on strike (罢工),as happened in the Belgian city of Ghent in early August, leaving streets in a stink (恶臭) for days. In some industrialized nations, increasingly, residents are charged based on volume (known as "pay-as-you-throw") To encourage sorting, such schemes often exempt recyclables.
The volume of recyclables has reached 1,400 tons a day, a lot by American standards, says Mr. Keller. That should come as no surprise. After all, inhabitants of the San Francisco Bay area pride themselves on their recycling ability. San Francisco boasts a recycling rate of 80% one of the highest of any rich-world city. San Franciscans may therefore be shocked to learn that a lot of them, as Mr. Keller puts it, “aren't very good at it"
Two possible reasons account for Mr. Keller's remarks. The first is that many people do not know what is recyclable. Beer bottles and soft-drink cans are, he says. Egg cartons and magazines are not, for there is not market for the materials of which they are made. Some things are recyclable on their own, but not when combined, such as "paper" cups lined with plastic film. It is hard to blame consumers for feeling increasingly puzzled, he admits
The other problem is that residents only have to separate recyclables from non-recyclables Cans, bottles and papers are all thrown into one bin. This mix can, to some degree, be sorted at plants like Newby, enabled by clever technology which uses optical sensor;(光电感应器) and magnets to separate materials automatically. Anyway, these was no match for humans when it came to sorting.
As the volume of recyclables increased in America and Europe, the quality of recycled output decreased because everything was mixed in together. This did not trouble materials. recovery facilities (MRF) operators so long as they would offload their increasingly impure stock abroad. Then China announced it would not accept any plastics or carboard, and American waste-management companies have been struggling to find what to do with their poor-quality waste.
63. According to the passage, the biggest problem in rich countries caused by lack of professional waste-pickers is that ________.
A. waste collectors often go on strike regardless of people's needs
B. no one teaches people how to tell apart recyclable and non-recyclables
C. waste sorting by machine is far from perfect so far
D. citizens fail to deal with waste sorting properly
64. Which of the following best defines the word "exempt"(Paragraph 2)?
A. make no charge for B. set aside
C. fully expect D. set the standard for
65. What can be inferred from Mr. Keller's comments on San Franciscans" recycling ability?
A. More advanced waste sorting machines will be launched (推出) as soon as possible.
B. San Franciscans are not informed that there is no need to recycle egg cartons.
C. Recycling ability is not all about separating recyclables from non-recyclables
D. It's hard for San Franciscans to change their recycling habits in the new times
66. The paragraph that follows the passage will be probably about ________.
A. the reason why MFR is not worried about poor-quality waste
B. China's new policy to keep foreign rubbish out
C. efforts to teach residents how better to sort their rubbish
D. the components (成分) of the mixed waste in America
【答案】63. D 64. A 65. C 66. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了垃圾回收在美国这样的发达国家成了非常严峻的问题，本国人们不擅长垃圾分类，美国的废物管理公司也一直在努力寻找处理这些废物的方法。
【63题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“In rich countries like America, the absence of professional waste-pickers presents a problem. The general public is not very good at sorting rubbish.（在像美国这样的富裕国家，专业拾荒者的缺乏是一个问题。一般大众不太善于分类垃圾。）”可知，在富裕国家，由于缺乏专业的捡垃圾人员而造成的最大问题是市民未能妥善处理垃圾分类。故选D项。
【64题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“In some industrialized nations, increasingly, residents are charged based on volume (known as "pay-as-you-throw") To encourage sorting, such schemes often exempt recyclables.（在一些工业化国家，为了鼓励分类，居民越来越多地按照体积收费(被称为“随扔随付”) ，这样的计划往往豁免了可回收物品。）”中的charged以及To encourage sorting可推知，对于可回收物品，应该是免费的。故选A项。
【65题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The other problem is that residents only have to separate recyclables from non-recyclables Cans, bottles and papers are all thrown into one bin. This mix can, to some degree, be sorted at plants like Newby, enabled by clever technology which uses optical sensor;(光电感应器) and magnets to separate materials automatically.（另一个问题是，居民只将可回收物品和不可回收物品分开，把罐子、瓶子和纸都扔进一个垃圾桶里。在某种程度上，这种混合物可以在像Newby这样的工厂里进行分类，这得益于使用光学传感器和磁铁来自动分离材料的聪明技术。）”可知，回收能力并不完全是将可回收物品与不可回收物品分开而已。故选C项。
【66题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Then China announced it would not accept any plastics or carboard, and American waste-management companies have been struggling to find what to do with their poor-quality waste.（随后，中国宣布不接受任何塑料或车载板，美国的废物管理公司也一直在努力寻找处理这些劣质废物的方法。）”中的struggling to find可推知，文章后面的段落大概是关于努力教育居民如何更好地分类他们的垃圾。故选C项。
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
The images were shocking, and the reaction was completely predictable. The sight of a polar bear lying hurt on a beach - blood matting the fur of its neck, with one huge paw folded under its body - received immediate criticism globally. By the shore in the background stand a group of guides, talking to each other. One of them had a gun hanging casually on his shoulder. This is not something that is taken lightly. ____67____ .
This powerful image raises questions about the motivations (动机) of this kind of tourism or ecotourism. ____68____. Are there regions in the world where nature should be left completely untouched? Has our access to large animals in the wild, often driven by a desire for sensational images, led these animals to become accustomed to human contact? If so, the loser would surely pay a heavy price for such an approach.
Before we answer these questions, we would consider the events that are of global concern. For me, I was definitely shocked. I have recently returned from a trip to Svalbard, and indeed stood two weeks ago on the very beach where the bear was shot. ____69____. Was the beach examined from the ship offshore beforehand? Was there access to flares (信号弹) to scare off a bear that appeared suddenly? These are standard measures for a respectable operator, and the accident could be the result of a system failure.
However, images and events should not be used to criticize the concept of ecotourism. Ecotourism is an expanding market that brings benefits as well as challenges to the regions around the world in which it operates. ____70____. The key is responsibility and research before booking. If ecotourism is done properly, the benefits are immediate and lasting.
A. The bear's death should never have happened.
B. The reality, however, is considerably more complex.
C. Simply closing off these regions is not the answer.
D. Should we be in these environments at all?
E. Visitors often become ambassadors (大使) for the endangered polar bear.
F. This can be by making financial decisions to conservation groups.
【答案】67. B 68. D 69. A 70. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章由一只北极熊遭到枪杀引发了对生态旅游动机的讨论。
【67题详解】
根据上文“This is not something that is taken lightly.（这不是一件轻易被对待的事）”和下文“This powerful image raises questions about the motivations (动机) of this kind of tourism or ecotourism.（这一强有力的形象引发了人们对这种旅游或生态旅游动机的质疑）”可知，空处与上文形成转折关系，说明这件事其实是复杂的。B项：The reality, however, is considerably more complex.（然而，现实要复杂得多）符合语境。故选B。
【68题详解】
根据上文“This powerful image raises questions about the motivations (动机) of this kind of tourism or ecotourism.（这一强有力的形象引发了人们对这种旅游或生态旅游动机的质疑）”和下文列举的一系列问题，可知，空处也提出了类似的值得人们反思的问题。D项：Should we be in these environments at all?（我们应该在这些环境中吗？）符合语境。故选D。
【69题详解】
根据上文“For me, I was definitely shocked. I have recently returned from a trip to Svalbard, and indeed stood two weeks ago on the very beach where the bear was shot.（我最近刚从斯瓦尔巴群岛旅行回来，两周前我就站在那头熊被射杀的海滩上）”和下文“Was the beach examined from the ship offshore beforehand? Was there access to flares (信号弹) to scare off a bear that appeared suddenly?（在离岸的船上是否事先检查过海滩？有办法用照明弹吓跑突然出现的熊吗？）”可知，空处表明熊的死亡本来是可以避免的。A项：The bear's death should never have happened.（熊的死亡本不应该发生）符合语境。故选A。
【70题详解】
根据上文“Ecotourism is an expanding market that brings benefits as well as challenges to the regions around the world in which it operates.（生态旅游是一个不断扩大的市场，它给世界各地的地区带来了利益，也带来了挑战）”和下文“The key is responsibility and research before booking.（关键是在预订之前负责和研究）”可知，生态旅游能带来利益，因此直接关停不是解决的办法。C项：Simply closing off these regions is not the answer.（简单地关闭这些区域不是答案）符合语境。故选C。
V. Translation
71. 旅游是一个自我放松，开阔眼界的好机会。（汉译英）
【答案】Travel is a good chance to relax yourself and broaden your horizon.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。此处主语为travel；表示“是……的好机会”短语为a good chance to do sth.；表示“自我放松”短语为relax yourself；表示“开阔眼界”短语为broaden your horizon。句子应用一般现在时。故翻译为Travel is a good chance to relax yourself and broaden your horizon.
72. 青少年如此依赖现代科技，没有它就无法正常生活。(reliant on) （汉译英）
【答案】Teenagers are so reliant on modern technology that they can't live a normal life without it.
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句和固定短语。此处主语复数名词teenagers；表示“如此……以至于……”应用so…that…，引导结果状语从句；表示“依赖”短语为reliant on；表示“现代科技”短语为modern technology；表示“正常生活”短语为live a normal life；表示“没有”应用介词without；句子应用一般现在时。故翻译为Teenagers are so reliant on modern technology that they can't live a normal life without it.
73. 只要有解决问题的相关技能，就没有什么能阻止我们克服障碍。（汉译英）
【答案】As long as we have the relevant problem-solving skills, nothing can prevent us from overcoming obstacles.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和状语从句。表示“只要”应用as long as引导条件状语从句；从句中主语为we；表示“有解决问题的相关技能”翻译为have the relevant problem-solving skills；主句主语为不定代词nothing；表示“阻止……”短语为prevent sb. from doing sth.，can后跟动词原形；表示“克服障碍”短语为overcome obstacles。句子应用一般现在时。故翻译为As long as we have the relevant problem-solving skills, nothing can prevent us from overcoming obstacles.
74. 罗马的遗迹不仅展示了古罗马人的生活方式，而且对雕塑有重要的影响，这就是游客们对罗马着迷的原因。(which) （汉译英）
【答案】Rome's ruins not only show the lifestyle of the Ancient Romans, but also have an important influence on sculpture, which is why visitors are fascinated by Rome.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。此处主语为Rome's ruins；表示“不仅……而且……”句型为not only…but also…；表示“展示了古罗马人的生活方式”短语为show the lifestyle of the Ancient Romans；表示“对雕塑有重要的影响”短语为have an important influence on sculpture；后跟which引导的非限制性定语从句，表示“对罗马着迷”短语为be fascinated by Rome；句子用一般现在时。故翻译为Rome's ruins not only show the lifestyle of the Ancient Romans, but also have an important influence on sculpture, which is why visitors are fascinated by Rome.
VI. Guided Writing
75. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

利用假期外出旅游是大多数同学的选择。出游时，你会选择：
（1）与谁同行，家人还是同学？
（2）哪种旅游方式：是跟团游(to joint the tourist team)还是自助游(self-help tourism)？
请进行选择并阐述理由。
【答案】 Going traveling is one of the most popular trends for students to follow during holidays. I enjoy traveling, too. For me, I prefer traveling with my family and self-help tourism.
Traveling with family members has many advantages over traveling with friends. First of all, family members are very familiar with our habits, thus making traveling just like our daily life. Secondly, it's safer to travel with family members. Parents love us very much and will offer us help whatever the situation is.
I prefer self-help tourism because there's more freedom than joining the tourist team. I can choose the tourist attractions and landscapes I like and omit those boring ones. Furthermore, I can get up according to myself rather than showing up on the tourism bus with a half-awake face.
That's my reasons for choosing self-help tourism with my family members. In my point of view, whatever means of traveling you choose, the most important thing is to enjoy yourself.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于说明文，要求考生就选择和家人还是同学出游，选择哪种旅游方式给出自己的选择，并说明理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
喜欢：like→enjoy
提供：provide→offer
在我看来：in my opinion→in my point of view
此外：besides→furthermore
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First of all, family members are very familiar with our habits, thus making traveling just like our daily life.
拓展句：First of all, family members are so familiar with our habits that it makes traveling just like our daily life.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I prefer self-help tourism because there's more freedom than joining the tourist team. (运用了because引导原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] That's my reasons for choosing self-help tourism with my family members. (运用了动名词作宾语)