2021-2022学年山西省太原市第五中学高二上学期12月月考英语试题含解析

这是一份2021-2022学年山西省太原市第五中学高二上学期12月月考英语试题含解析，共19页。

2021-2022学年山西省太原市第五中学高二上学期12月月考英语试题第一部分 基础知识（共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分）
1. Anyone can’t leave school without the head teacher’s ________.
A. permission B. permit C. possibility D. prediction
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有校长的允许，任何人都不能离开学校。A.permission允许；B. permit 许可证；C.possibility 可能性；D.prediction预测。without one's permission“未经许可”为固定短语，符合句意。故选A项。
2. New evidence has ________ the first witness’s account.
A. conducted B. contacted C. considered D. confirmed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：新的证据证实了第一个证人的叙述。A. conducted实施；B. contacted联系；C. considered考虑；D. confirmed证实。根据后文“the first witness’s account”指新的证据证实了第一个证人的叙述，应用confirm。故选D。
3. Van Gogh was famous for his Sunflower, which was painted in three ________ of yellow.
A. ports B. shores C. shades D. stairs
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：梵高以他的《向日葵》而闻名，这幅画用了三种深浅不同的黄色。A. ports港口；B. shores海岸；C. shades深浅，阴影；D. stairs台阶。根据上文“which was painted in three”指用三种深浅不同的黄色颜料作画，应用shade。故选C。
4. Could you tell me what the letters stand ________ in the popular TV play which is being broadcast?
A. for B. of C. with D. off
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：你能告诉我这些字母在正在播出的热门电视剧中代表什么吗？表示“代表”短语为stand for。故选A。
5. Jerry has been preparing carefully for the coming English test so that he can be sure of passing it at his first ________.
A. rescue B. attempt C. purpose D. request
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：杰瑞一直在认真地为即将到来的英语考试做准备，以便他有把握第一次就通过。A:rescue营救;B:attempt尝试;C:purpose目的;D:request要求.固定句式at one's first attempt在某人第一次尝试时，结合句意，故选B。
6. Some wild animals ________ and killed at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in future.
A. hunted B. have hunted
C. are being hunted D. had been hunted
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：一些野生动物以如此的速度被猎杀，以至于它们将来会从地球上消失。根据句意可知，句子描述的是正在发生的事，应用现在进行时，且主语some wild animals(一些野生动物)和动词hunt(猎杀)之间的关系是被动，表示“正在被猎杀”，所以应用现在进行时的被动，主语是复数，应用are being hunted，故选C。
7. Food supplies in the flood-stricken area ________. We must act immediately before there’s none left.
A. are running out B. are being run out
C. have been run out D. will be run out
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：救灾食品快要用完了。我们必须在用完之前立刻采取行动。根据后文We must act immediately beforethere's none left可知救灾食品快要用完了，且run out是不及物动词短语，没有被动语态，故用现在进行时的主动语态表示将来。故选A。
8. At the beginning of the year 2020, students never thought that they ________ such a long vacation.
A. will have B. should have
C. are going to have D. would have
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在2020年初，学生们从未想过他们会有这么长的假期。根据句意和前文thought可知，主句为一般过去时，从句中应用过去将来时，表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或呈现的状态。故选D项。
9. It is difficult to command a new skill, but once ________, it will benefit you for the rest of your life.
A. obtaining B. obtained C. to obtain D. is obtained
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查省略。句意：这是个很难掌握的技巧，但一旦被掌握，将对你的余生有好处。此处为once引导的状语从句的省略，完整形式为： once it is obtained，主从句主语一致，省略从句的主语和be。故选B项。
10. When entering the office, ________.
A. Tom was seen sitting at a desk B. Tom was seen sat at a desk
C we saw Tom sitting at a desk D. we saw Tom sit at a desk
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查句子结构和现在分词。句意：当我们走进办公室时，我们看见汤姆坐在一张桌子旁。分析句意以及结合选项可知，本句的主语为we, when entering the office的逻辑主语也为we, 指“ 我们走进办公室时”。Tom与sit在逻辑上表示主动关系和进行关系，也就是“ see sb doing sth”看到某人做某事，符合句意。故选C项。
【点睛】
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共10小题; 每小题2分，满分20分）
A
Elephant reserve
Country: Thailand
This is a working vacation at a wildlife centre. Anyone can become a volunteer if he/she agrees to help the elephant keepers with tasks.
Daily tasks
Gather the elephants at 6: 30 am. Take them to look for food in the forest. Clean the enclosure(围场). Swim with the elephants in the lake in the afternoon. If volunteers want to relax after work, they can watch satellite television.
How this vacation helps
If these elephants hadn’t been rescued, they would still be living on the streets of Bangkok. The rural environment is much better for them than the urban environment where there is lots of pollution.
Gorilla safari (旅行)
Countries: Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda
Departures(出发)：2-3 departures per month from Aug. to Dec.
If you’re lucky, you’ll see lions, elephants and rhinos during this safari. The highlight of the trip is the opportunity to see gorillas in the mountain forests. However, you must be in good health—if a gorilla caught a cold, it would be extremely harmful to its whole family.
How this vacation helps
There are only about 600 gorillas left in the world as human activity has reduced the area where they can live. When you buy a ticket, this will pay for the protection of the national park.
Polar bear watching
Area&Country: Arctic,Canada
Departures: sixty trips between Oct.1-Nov.19.
Every October and November groups of polar bears gather in Hudson Bay. As they are normally lonely creatures, this is unusual. The bears wait for the ocean to freeze so that they can hunt for seals, so this is the perfect opportunity to see them.
How this vacation helps
If the Arctic ice cap melts due to global warming, polar bears will be in danger. We give a share of our profits(利益) to the charity that protects polar bears.

11. Which of the following is the task for elephant volunteers?
A. Take a bath for the elephants at 6:30 am.
B. Teach the elephants to swim in the lake.
C. Make sure the enclosure is clean every day.
D. Watch satellite television to learn knowledge about elephants.
12. What do we know about the gorilla safari?
A. You can set off in April to see gorillas.
B. You will get a cold in mountain forests.
C. To see lions in the mountain forests may be the best part of the trip.
D. Human activities have made the gorilla living area smaller.
13. When is the best time to watch polar bears?
A. October 10 B. September 30
C. December 24 D. August 10
【答案】11. C 12. D 13. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三个保护野生动物活动。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一栏中的Daily tasks部分中的“Clean the enclosure(围场).”(打扫围场)可知，大象志愿者们的任务是打扫大象的围场，来确保围场每天都是干净的，故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据第二栏中How this vacation helps部分“There are only about 600 gorillas left in the world as human activity has reduced the area where they can live.”(由于人类活动使得它们的栖息地减少，世界上只剩下大约600只大猩猩。)可知，人类活动使得大猩猩栖息地变小，故选D。
3.细节理解题。根据第三栏中的Departures部分“Every October and November groups of polar bears gather in Hudson Bay. As they are normally lonely creatures, this is unusual. The bears wait for the ocean to freeze so that they can hunt for seals, so this is the perfect opportunity to see them.”(每年十月和十一月，成群的北极熊聚集在哈德逊湾。因为它们通常是独居动物，所以这很不寻常。北极熊等待海水结冰，这样它们就可以捕猎海豹，所以这是观察它们的绝佳机会。)可知，观察北极熊的绝佳时间是十月份和十一月份，故选A。
B
An exhibition celebrates 100-year-old artist Zhou Lingzhao’s contribution to New China, Lin Qi reports.
Zhou, who turned 100 earlier this year, is an artist whose contribution is legendary. His portrait of China’s late chairman Mao Zedong hung on the outer wall of the Tian’anmen rostrum in Beijing during the founding ceremony of the PRC on Oct 1,1949. Zhou was the chief designer of banknotes for the 2—4 series of the renminbi. And he designed postal stamps for the Year of the Dog in 1982 and 2018.
“He always kept a low profile,” Zhou’s friend says. “He could have bragged about working on such major projects, but he didn’t.” Despite his successful career, Zhou remains modest.
Zhou, then 30, was selected to paint Mao’s portrait some 20 days before the founding ceremony. He recalls that, because the portrait was 6 meters high and 4.6 meters wide, Zhou, and his wife, Chen Ruoju, who’s also an artist, worked with the help of a scaffold and climbed up and down and walked far away to monitor the work’s progress.
The portrait was based on a well-known black-and-white photo taken by Zheng Jingkang that shows Mao smiling while wearing a hat, with his head slightly turned to one side.
Zhou recalls being asked to add the words “wei renmin fuwu” (serve the people) at the bottom of the portrait. The couple completed the painting the day before the ceremony and returned home late. When they were about to go to bed, officials in charge of the ceremony visited and told them that, after seeing the portrait, then-premier Zhou Enlai and some other leaders suggested removing the words.
“We rushed back to Tian’anmen Gate. With the help of spotlights, I climbed a long ladder, erased the characters and added new layers of paint to it,” he recalls. “I climbed up to repeat the revision many times. I finally finished the corrections. It was only few hours before the ceremony.”
Zhou was among the crowd of people who attended the founding ceremony. “I saw the portrait from afar. It looked OK. Then I heard other people saying the painting was good. At that moment, I felt relieved and happy. I may never forget that my entire life.”
14. Which of the following is NOT Zhou Lingzhao’s contribution?
A. He ever designed the banknotes for the renminbi.
B. He ever designed the postal stamps for the year of Dog twice.
C. He ever did the portrait for China’s late chairman Mao Zedong.
D. He ever took a famous black-and white photo for Chairman Mao.
15. How can we best describe Zhou’s personality?
A. Humorous and honest. B. Responsible and hardworking.
C. Fearless and open-minded D. Knowledgeable and modest.
16. What made Zhou’s experience of painting Mao’s portrait unforgettable?
A. He improved greatly in his painting skills.
B. He successfully attended the founding ceremony.
C. He and his wife worked together to complete the portrait.
D. He devoted great efforts to the work with professional spirit.
【答案】14. D 15. B 16. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了艺术家周令钊对新中国所做出的贡献以及他给毛主席绘画的经历。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“His portrait of China’s late chairman Mao Zedong hung on the outer wall of the Tian’anmen rostrum in Beijing during the founding ceremony of the PRC on Oct 1,1949. Zhou was the chief designer of banknotes for the 2—4 series of the renminbi. And he designed postal stamps for the Year of the Dog in 1982 and 2018.( 1949年10月1日中华人民共和国开国大典期间，他为中国已故主席毛泽东画的肖像挂在北京天安门讲台的外墙上。周是2到4系列人民币纸币的总设计师。他还为1982年和2018年的狗年设计了邮政邮票)”可知，D选项“曾经为毛主席拍过一张著名的黑白照片”不是周的贡献。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“He recalls that, because the portrait was 6 meters high and 4.6 meters wide, Zhou, and his wife, Chen Ruoju, who’s also an artist, worked with the help of a scaffold and climbed up and down and walked far away to monitor the work’s progress.(他回忆说，由于画像有6米高，4.6米宽，周和他的妻子陈若菊（也是一名艺术家）在脚手架的帮助下工作，爬上爬下，走得很远，监督工作的进展)”以及倒数第二段““We rushed back to Tian’anmen Gate. With the help of spotlights, I climbed a long ladder, erased the characters and added new layers of paint to it,” he recalls. “I climbed up to repeat the revision many times. I finally finished the corrections. It was only few hours before the ceremony.”(“我们赶紧跑回天安门。在聚光灯的帮助下，我爬上了一个长梯子，擦掉了人物，并添加了新的油漆层，”他回忆道。“我爬上去了好多次。我终于修改完了。离仪式只有几个小时了。”)”可推知，周负责且工作努力。故选B。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“He recalls that, because the portrait was 6 meters high and 4.6 meters wide, Zhou, and his wife, Chen Ruoju, who’s also an artist, worked with the help of a scaffold and climbed up and down and walked far away to monitor the work’s progress.(他回忆说，由于画像有6米高，4.6米宽，周和他的妻子陈若菊（也是一名艺术家）在脚手架的帮助下工作，爬上爬下，走得很远，监督工作的进展)”以及最后一段中“I saw the portrait from afar. It looked OK. Then I heard other people saying the painting was good. At that moment, I felt relieved and happy. I may never forget that my entire life.(我从远处看到了这幅画像。它看起来很好。然后我听到其他人说这幅画很好。在那一刻，我感到轻松和快乐。 我可能一辈子都不会忘记这一点)”可知，他以专业的精神投入到工作中，这使周给毛主席绘画的经历令人难忘。故选D。
C
The heavens opened at the weekend but initially the situation was not as bad as the meteorologists(气象学家) had warned. But by Tuesday, the State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters realized the severity of the situation and raised the emergency response to floods in Henan province to Level III.
From Saturday to Tuesday, Zhengzhou received 624 millimeters of rain, which almost equals its annual average of 640.8 mm, indicating how severe the downpour is.
The meteorological department had warned of severe rainstorms before the downpour. But, as some reports suggest, people tended to ignore them, because initially the downpour was not as heavy as predicted. We know from experience, no matter which part of the world live in, that weather forecasts are not always accurate. As a result, we often take weather-men’s warnings with a pinch of salt.
But with the big advance in science and technology, why can’t meteorologists forecast weather events accurately?
Perhaps because of clouds. Clouds have an enormous influence on Earth’s energy balance, climate and weather. While some clouds help cool the Earth by reflecting some of the sun’s energy, other clouds contribute to warming by absorbing(吸收) some of the energy that the atmosphere release, and thus adjust the Earth’s average temperature. On the other hand, weather plays a key role in accurately forecasting natural disasters such as heavy downpours, hurricanes and tsunamis. But weather variations can occur suddenly, depending on the ever-changing position and thickness of clouds.
It is the unpredictable movement of clouds that at times makes it difficult for meteorologists and other scientists to create accurate, realistic computer simulations (仿真) of the clouds and storms. The result: forecasts of severe weather events are not always entirely accurate.
Unfortunately, global warming is making the movement of clouds and storms across the world increasingly unpredictable. And the more greenhouse gases we release, the more unpredictable the weather will become.
In such a case, people and local governments need to be made aware of the dangers of ignoring weather warnings, because more often than not it is seen that meteorological warnings are real, even if sometimes they might be inaccurate by a day or about the severity of the weather event.
17. What does the underlined phrase “take…with a pinch of salt” in Para. 3 probably mean?
A. Guess before sth happens. B. Believe only part of sth.
C. Add flavor to a dish. D. Trust sth without a shadow of doubt.
18. Why can’t weather forecasts always be precise?
A. Because clouds movements are unpredictable.
B. Because clouds are too thick to absorb energy.
C. Because clouds can cause global warming.
D. Because clouds help release more greenhouse.
19. What should people and local governments do according to the passage?
A. Ignore the weather forecast.
B. Be extremely anxious about the warnings.
C. Inform others in time.
D. Pay attention to the weather warnings.
20. How does the writer mainly develop the text?
A. By describing the event. B. By analyzing the reasons.
C. By commenting on the event. D. By providing examples.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章通过郑州强降雨事件引出人们对天气预报的质疑，并提出问题：随着科学技术的进步，为什么气象学家不能准确地预测天气事件呢? 然后通过分析找到了气象学家不能准确地预测天气的原因。
【17题详解】
词句猜测题。上文“We know from experience, no matter which part of the world live in, that weather forecasts are not always accurate. (根据经验，我们知道，无论在世界的哪个地方，天气预报并不总是准确的)”说我们知道天气预报不准确，根据下文中As a result可知，上下文有因果关系，下文“we often take weather-men’s warnings with a pinch of salt.”是上文的结果，由此推知，划线短语是指我们会对气象预报员的警告半信半疑。故选B项。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段中“It is the unpredictable movement of clouds that at times makes it difficult for meteorologists and other scientists to create accurate, realistic computer simulations (仿真) of the clouds and storms. The result: forecasts of severe weather events are not always entirely accurate.(云不可预测的移动有时使气象学家和其他科学家很难创建准确的、真实的计算机模拟云和风暴。其结果是：关于恶劣天气的预报并不总是完全准确的)”可知，科学家无法准确预报天气是因为无法准确预测云的移动。故选A项。
【19题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In such a case, people and local governments need to be made aware of the dangers of ignoring weather warnings, (在这种情况下，人们和地方政府需要意识到忽视天气预警的危险)”可知，忽视天气预警是有风险的，所以人们和地方政府应该关注天气预警。故选D项。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章通过郑州强降雨事件引出第四段中的问题：随着科学技术的进步，为什么气象学家不能准确地预测天气事件呢?(But with the big advance in science and technology, why can’t meteorologists forecast weather events accurately?)，然后通过分析找到气象学家不能准确地预测天气的原因，因此，本文是通过分析原因的方式来展开。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
4 Ways to Write Down Goals Like A Pro
Human beings are unusual in the animal world – and yes, we are part of that world – as we can imagine the future, and dream about what we want to happen there. Dreams can be vague (模糊的) and specific. ____21____.
Here are four tips on how to write down goals.
Define your goals.
____22____ You may have a vague idea of what you want to do but have never had the chance to think clearly and be focused.
Create a timetable.
Creating a timetable means you will have to think of the big picture. Now is your opportunity to allow yourself the luxury of dreaming. Your timetable for success will gradually become clear. ____23____
Now, look at the detail.
Now that you have turned your dream into a goal, and decided on your path, turn to the short-term goals. Consider the short-term objectives you will need to achieve as you progress towards your ultimate goal. Enter these into your timetable so you have a clear idea of the steps you will need to take.
____24____
Whatever you write in your plan for the future is going to guide you through the whole process. ____25____ Therefore, make your plan positive. You will not be inspired if you use negative language. Don’t say what you are not going to do anymore. List what you are going to do in positive tones that will encourage you.
Having a plan full of confidence and heartening language will lead you to achieve your ultimate goal. A good plan will help you to make your dream a reality.
A. Trust yourself.
B. Always be positive.
C. But if they are never acted on, they remain dreams.
D. Then, you have may have the joy of success for a long time.
E. Then, you can decide where you want to be in one year, five years, or ten years.
F. You will be referring to it frequently and will need it to be inspiring and motivational.
G. The most challenging part of writing down your goals is to figure out what your goals are at first.
【答案】21. C 22. G 23. E 24. B 25. F
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章就如何实现梦想给出了几点建议。
【21题详解】
上文“Dreams can be vague (模糊的) and specific.（梦想可是模糊的也可以是具体的）”空格处是本段的最后一句话，要对本段做出一个总结，并且起到和下文“Here are four tips on how to write down goals.（如何写下目标，以下有四点建议）”承上启下的作用，C项中的“they”指上一句的“dreams”，表示如果梦想不付诸实践，那么梦想也就只是梦想。故选C。
【22题详解】
上文“Here are four tips on how to write down goals.（如何写下目标，以下有四点建议）”和本段小标题“Define your goals.（定义你的目标）”看出空格处应该和如何定义目标有关，即：首先要弄清楚目标是什么，G选项符合语境。故选G。
【23题详解】
上文“Creating a timetable means you will have to think of the big picture.（制定时间表意味着你必须考虑大局。）”说明你要想建立一个计划，就必须从大局出发，考虑接下来或者未来要做什么。再根据“Your timetable for success will gradually become clear.（你的时间表将逐渐变得清晰）”可知，做完计划后，你会明确自己接下来该做什么。E选项“然后，你可以决定你想在一年，五年，或十年内取得什么成就”符合语境，故选E。
【24题详解】
根据文章结构可知，空格处应该是小标题，根据下文“Don’t say what you are not going to do anymore. List what you are going to do in positive tones that will encourage you. （不要说你不想再做什么。 用积极的语气列出你要做的事情，这会激励你。）”可知，本段主旨是要保持积极的态度，故选B。
【25题详解】
根据上文“Whatever you write in your plan for the future is going to guide you through the whole process.（无论你在未来计划中写什么，这个计划都会在整个过程中指导你。）”说明计划十分重要，它能够引导你未来的发展方向。由下一句“Therefore, make your plan positive.（因此，制定积极的计划。）”可知，空格处应该起到过渡的作用，内容上与态度有关，并且态度是积极的。选项中的it 指代的就是上文的your plan，故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节（共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分）
We ourselves feel that what we are doing is just a drop in the ocean but the ocean would be ___26___ because of that missing drop.
A friend of ours was walking down a deserted Mexican beach at sunset. As he walked ___27___, he began to see another man in the distance. As he grew ___28___, he noticed that the man kept leaning down, ___29___ something up and throwing it out into the water. Time and again he kept throwing things out into the ocean.
As our friend ___30___ even closer, he noticed that the man was picking up starfish that had been ___31___ on the beach and, one at a time, he was throwing them back into the water. Our friend was ___32___. He approached the man and said, “Good evening, friend. I was wondering what you are doing.”
I’m throwing these starfish back into the ocean. You see, it’s low tide right now and all of these starfish have been carried onto the shore by the tide. If I don’t throw them back into the sea, they’ll die up here from lack of ___33___. “I understand,” my friend replied, “___34___, there must be thousands of starfish on this beach. You can’t ___35___ get to all of them. There are ___36___ too many. And don’t you realize this is probably happening on hundreds of beaches all up and down this coast? Can’t you see that you can’t possibly make a difference?”
The man ___37___, bent down, and picked up yet ___38___ starfish, and ___39___ he threw it back into the sea, he replied, “Made a difference ___40___ that one!”
Jack Canfield and Mark Victor Hansen
26. A. more B. less C. better D. greater
27. A. off B. away C. through D. along
28. A. darker B. nearer C. safer D. taller
29. A. bringing B. making C. looking D. picking
30. A. approached B. replied C. stretched D. assisted
31. A. added up B. washed up C. set up D. taken up
32. A. puzzled B. sensitive C. injured D. shocked
33. A. energy B. hydrogen C. oxygen D. alcohol
34. A. however B. moreover C. consequently D. therefore
35. A. additionally B. possibly C. ordinarily D. commonly
36. A. simply B. deeply C. hardly D. mostly
37. A. claimed B. greeted C. hesitated D. smiled
38. A. both B. all C. another D. other
39. A. as B. until C. since D. though
40. A. in B. to C. of D. with
【答案】26. B 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的一个朋友某天在海边散步时，遇到了一个不断捡起被冲上海滩的海星，并扔进海里的人，朋友表示不理解，说这么多的海星是不可能捡得完的，说这人根本改变不了什么。这人笑了笑，又弯腰捡起一个海星扔进了海里，说至少对那一只来说是有意义的。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们自己都觉得我们所做的只是海洋中的一滴水，但是海洋会因为失去这一滴水而变得更小。A. more更多的；B. less更少的；C. better更好的；D. greater更棒的。根据上文“We ourselves feel that what we are doing is just a drop in the ocean, but the ocean would be”中but表示转折，可知一滴水虽然小，但是海洋会因为失去这一滴水而变得更小。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他走着的时候，他开始看到远处有一个人。A. off脱离；B. away离去；C. through通过；D. along沿着。根据上文“A friend of ours was walking down a deserted Mexican beach at sunset.”可知这位朋友在沿着海滩散步。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他走近时，他注意到那人一直弯着身子，捡起什么东西扔进了水里。A. darker更黑暗的；B. nearer更近的；C. safer更安全的；D. taller更高的。根据后文“he noticed that the man kept leaning down”可知朋友走近了才看到这个人在做什么。后文“even closer”也是提示。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他走近时，他注意到那人一直弯着身子，捡起什么东西扔进了水里。A. bringing带来；B. making制作；C. looking看；D. picking捡起。根据后文“something up and throwing it out into the water”指捡起什么东西扔进了水里。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们的朋友更加靠近时，他注意到那个人正在捡那些被冲到海滩上的海星，他把它们一次一只地扔回海里。A. approached靠近；B. replied回答；C. stretched拉伸；D. assisted援助。根据后文“even closer”以及“He approached the man”可知朋友靠得更近了。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们的朋友更加靠近时，他注意到那个人正在捡那些被冲到海滩上的海星，他把它们一次一只地扔回海里。A. added up合计；B. washed up冲上；C. set up建立；D. taken up从事。根据上文“the man was picking up starfish that had been”可知这些海星是被冲到海滩上的。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的朋友很困惑。A. puzzled困惑的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. injured受伤的；D. shocked震惊的。根据后文“I was wondering what you are doing.”可知朋友对这人的行为感到困惑。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我不把它们扔回海里，它们会因为缺氧而死。A. energy能量；B. hydrogen氢；C. oxygen氧；D. alcohol酒精。根据上文“they’ll die up here from lack of”以及常识，被冲上海滩的海星会死于缺氧。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我明白，”我的朋友回答，“可是，这海滩上一定有成千上万只海星。你不可能捡得完的。”A. however然而；B. moreover此外；C. consequently结果；D. therefore因此。结合前后文语境，朋友对这人的行为表示理解，但是又说不可能全部捡得完，前后为转折关系，应用however。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我明白，”我的朋友回答，“可是，这海滩上一定有成千上万只海星。你不可能捡得完的。”A. additionally另外；B. possibly可能地；C. ordinarily一般地；D. commonly通常。呼应后文“Can’t you see that you can’t possibly make a difference”指朋友说不可能捡得完所有的海星。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：只是实在是太多了。A. simply不过，仅仅；B. deeply深地；C. hardly几乎不；D. mostly多半。根据后文“too many”指海星的数量实在是太多了，故选A。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个人笑了，弯下腰，又捡起了另一只海星，他一边把它扔回大海，一边回答说：“至少对那只来说意义重大！”A. claimed声称；B. greeted问候；C. hesitated犹豫；D. smiled微笑。根据后文这人依然捡海星扔进海里，可知他听了作者的话，并不以为意，笑了笑弯腰接着捡海星。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查不定代词和形容词辨析。句意：那个人笑了，弯下腰，又捡起了另一只海星，他一边把它扔回大海，他回答说：“至少对那只来说意义重大！”A. both都（两者）；B. all全部（三者及以上）；C. another另一；D. other其他的。结合上文可知海星的数量很大，故指三者或三者以上的“又一，另一”应用another，后跟单数名词。故选C。
39题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：那个人笑了，弯下腰，又捡起了另一只海星，他一边把它扔回大海，一边回答说：“至少对那只来说意义重大！”A. as一边……一边，因为；B. until直到；C. since自从；D. though虽然。引导时间状语从句，表示“一边……一边……”应用as。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：那个人笑了，弯下腰，又捡起了另一只海星，他一边把它扔回大海，一边回答说：“至少对那只来说意义重大！”A. in在里面；B. to朝着；C. of属于；D. with和。根据上文“Made a difference”表示“对……有意义”短语为make a difference to。故选B。
第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Feng Boyao and Meng Shuqi, students at No. 37 Middle School in Taiyuan, Shanxi province, spent nearly a year developing a new kind of Braille (布莱叶盲文) reading device and ____41____ (win) the first prize at a provincial-level youth science and technology competition.
A large number of Braille contact dots have been set up on the device, ____42____ is 50 centimeters long and 10 cm high. It can make Braille content move across a computer screen via ____43____ application.
“Education for blind people ____44____ (be) mainly based on Braille books, but very few Braille books can be found in the marketplace, or they are outdated and cannot meet the needs ____45____ the blind. Only a small number of people have access to Braille reading devices, ____46____ they may sell for as much as 10,000 yuan ($1,549) or more,” Feng said.
The cost of ____47____ (they) device is much lower, so it will be ____48____ (advantage) for market promotion. In addition, because of its magnetic structure, the content ____49____ (display) on the device is said to be more accurate than others. Feng and Meng hope the device can help reduce the number of blind people who are in _____50_____ (poor) for lack of education.
【答案】41. won
42. which 43. an
44. is 45. of
46. because
47. their 48. advantageous
49. displayed
50. poverty
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了山西省太原市第37中学的学生Feng Boyao和Meng Shuqi花了近一年的时间开发了一种新型盲文阅读装置，并在一次省级青少年科技竞赛中获得了一等奖。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：山西省太原市第37中学的学生Feng Boyao和Meng Shuqi花了近一年的时间开发了一种新型盲文阅读装置，并在一次省级青少年科技竞赛中获得了一等奖。根据前文spent可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填won。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：该设备长50厘米，高10厘米，上面安装了大量盲文触点。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为device，关系代词which引导从句，在从句中用作主语，指代事物。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它可以通过应用程序使盲文内容在计算机屏幕上移动。此处可数名词单数application是泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定，因发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
【44题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：对盲人的教育主要是基于盲文书籍，但市场上很少能找到盲文书籍，或者它们已经过时，不能满足盲人的需求。根据句意可知，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语Education为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填is。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：对盲人的教育主要是基于盲文书籍，但市场上很少能找到盲文书籍，或者它们已经过时，不能满足盲人的需求。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用介词of和后文the blind构成介词短语，作后置定语修饰名词the needs，表示“盲人的需求”。故填of。
【46题详解】
考查原因状语从句。句意：只有一小部分人能够接触到盲文阅读设备，因为它们可能会卖到1万元（1549美元）或更多。后文they may sell for as much as 10,000 yuan ($1,549) or more和前文存在必然的因果关系，应用连词because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
【47题详解】
考查代词。句意：他们的设备成本更低，有利于市场推广。根据后文名词device可知，此处应用they的形容词性物主代词，修饰名词。故填their。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们的设备成本更低，有利于市场推广。根据前文系动词be可知，此处应用advantage的形容词，作表语。故填advantageous。
【49题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，由于其磁性结构，据说该设备上显示的内容比其他设备更准确。分析可知，此处为非谓语，动词display和所修饰的名词content之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。故填displayed。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：Feng和Meng希望该装置能帮助减少盲人因缺乏教育而陷入贫困的人数。根据前文介词in可知，此处应用poor的名词poverty作介词宾语，poverty是不可数名词。故填poverty。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分25分)
第一节 短文改错（共10小题; 每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The other day, I together with some friends were planning to explore a farmland nearby. We set out on sunny day. The bus we take arrived soon. That we saw first was a large piece of grassland. Then, we walked across it to a greenhouse which juicy strawberries were growing. Seen those red fruits, we all couldn’t wait to taste one. Therefore, they immediately bent down to pick strawberries. Interesting, we only wanted the reddest and the biggest. In the end of the day, everyone was satisfied that but unwilling to leave. It made me realize that the fruit of labor is the sweetest.
【答案】1. were→was
2. on后加a
3. take→took
4. That→What
5. which→where
6. Seen→Seeing
7. they→we
8. Interesting→Interestingly
9. In→At
10. but前that去掉
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和几个朋友前几天去农田里采摘和品尝草莓的经历。
【详解】1.考查主谓一致。句意：前几天，我和几个朋友计划去附近的一个农田探险。主语后跟together with，不影响主语的人称和数，谓语动词应根据主语的人称和数来确定，即与I保持一致。故were改为was。
2.考查冠词。句意：我们在一个晴朗的日子出发了。day为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且sunny是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故on后加a。
3.考查时态。句意：我们乘坐的公共汽车很快就到了。描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故take改为took。
4.考查主语从句。句意：我们首先看到的是一大片草原。主语从句中缺少宾语，指事物应用what引导。故That改为What。
5.考查定语从句。句意：然后，我们穿过它来到一个温室，那里长着多汁的草莓。此处为定语从句修饰先行词greenhouse，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故which改为where。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意：看到那些红色的水果，我们都迫不及待地想尝一尝。see与逻辑主语we构成主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故Seen改为Seeing。
7.考查代词。句意：于是，我们立刻弯下腰去摘草莓。此处指作者和朋友，应用代词we。故they改为we。
8.考查副词。句意：有趣的是，我们只想要最红的和最大的。修饰后文句子应用副词interestingly，作状语。故Interesting改为Interestingly。
9.考查介词。句意：一天结束时，每个人都很满意，但不愿离开。结合句意表示“……结束时”短语为at the end of。故In改为At。
10.考查句子结构。句意：一天结束时，每个人都很满意，但不愿离开。此处为but连接的并列句。故but前that去掉。
第二节 书面表达（满分15分）
52. 请阅读下面一则寓言故事，并完成一篇读后感。内容包括：
1. 寓言故事的概要； 2. 你的观点及例证； 3. 得出的结论。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，是行文连贯。
The Animal School
Adapted from a work by George H. Reavis
Once upon a time, the animals decided to organize a school.
They adopted a curriculum consisting of running, climbing, swimming and flying. To make it easier to administer(管理), all the animals took all the subjects.
The duck was excellent in swimming, but he made only passing grades in flying and was very poor in running. So, he had to stay after school and also drop swimming in order to practice running. This was kept up until his webbed feet were badly hurt and he was only average in swimming.
The squirrel was excellent in climbing until he developed disappointment in the flying class where his teacher made him start from the ground up instead of from the treetop down. He also got a D in running.
The eagle was a problem child. In the climbing class he beat all the others to the top of the tree, but insisted on using his own way to get there…
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 The animals decided to organize a school and demanded that all the animals should take all the subjects. As a result, not only did the duck and the squirrel get bad grades in classes they were not good at, but also they didn’t do well in classes they were good at. The eagle used his own way to get good results but the teacher thought he was a problem student.
From the fable, I think teachers should encourage students to learn the classes they like rather than to learn all the classes. As the old proverb goes, “Every trade has its master.” Every student is different. They have their own advantages.
So schools and teachers should encourage students to develop their own strengths.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生阅读寓言故事，并完成一篇读后感。内容包括：寓言故事的概要、你的观点及例证和得出的结论。
【详解】1.词汇积累
要求：demand→require
结果：as a result→as a consequence
擅长：do good in→be adept at
而不是：rather than→instead of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：They have their own advantages.
拓展句：They have their own advantages which can make them successful.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The animals decided to organize a school and demanded that all the animals take all the subjects. (运用了that引导宾语从句，其中宾语从句使用虚拟语气)
[高分句型2] As a result, not only did the duck and the squirrel get bad grades in classes they were not good at, but also they didn’t do well in classes they were good at. (运用了not only…but also…连接句子和部分倒装)