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英语必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters多媒体教学课件ppt
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这是一份英语必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters多媒体教学课件ppt，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了earthquake，rescued，disasters，effort，affect，breathe，drought，landslide，destroyed，supplies等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
Text 1M: ①Befre feeding the dg, I’m ging t clear up its huse. W: It’s abut time. Lk at the mess! It smells terrible. 1. What is the man ging t d first? A. Feed the dg. B. Walk the dg. C. Clean the dg huse.
Text 2M: ②Make ne cpy f this dcument fr me and twenty fr ther managers. W: OK, Mr Cllins. As sn as I send the e-mail t the imprtant client, I will g t deal with this. 2. What is the wman related t Mr Cllins? A. His secretary. B. His client. C. His manager.
Text 3M: ③The fd in this restaurant is pretty gd. And they als give the best service. W: That’s right. Have yu been here befre? M: N, but my friend Bb ften cmes here. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking abut? A. A public service. B. A restaurant. C. The man’s friend.
Text 4W: ④If yur back is painful, maybe yu shuldn’t get ut f bed, dear. Dn’t g t the kitchen. I’ll bring breakfast here. M: N, n. My back feels wrse lying dwn. ④Help me get dressed, please. Then I’ll walk utside a little. 4. Where des the cnversatin take place? A. In the kitchen. B. In the bedrm. C. Outside the huse.
Text 5W: Hw did yu like the mvie, Jhn? Tm said it was bring. But I knw yu were excited t see it. M: I can’t decide. ⑤Sme parts were all right, and thers nt s gd. 5. What des the man think f the mvie? A. Exciting. B. Bring. C. Just s-s.
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
Text 6M: Marissa, if yur papers cntinue t be late, I will have t give yu a failing grade fr the curse. W: ⑥I’m srry! I’ve been having a really hard semester. M: Yu need t try a little harder, kay? W: I knw, I will. There’s just been a lt ging n lately. I’m mving ut f my huse, and my brther is in the hspital. M: I’m srry t hear that, ⑦but this is the 7th paper yu’ve turned in late. W: I prmise I’ll get the next ne in n time. Just please dn’t fail me. M: I’ll give yu ne mre chance, but just ne. Dn’t let me dwn.
6. Hw des the wman mst likely feel? A. Srry. B. Disappinted. C. Annyed.
7. What has happened t the wman recently? A. She failed in the exams several times. B. She mved ut f her brther’s huse. C. She turned in papers late.
听第7段材料, 回答第8～10题。Text 7W: Hey, Frank, I have just gt a wrking hliday visa fr the UK, and I wnder what I can d there. M: The wrking hliday visa lasts six mnths, and yu can wrk fr three mnths. If yur English is gd, yu shuldn’t have a prblem getting wrk in a bar. ⑧But if yu dn’t like the nisy, smky and n tipping bar, yu can wrk in a restaurant. That’s anther way t use yur English, meet sme different peple and ⑨mre imprtantly, yu can get sme tips.
W: OK, I prefer t wrk in a restaurant. My visa is fr 6 mnths, ⑩s I’ll study fr the first 3 mnths and wrk fr the secnd 3 mnths. M: But remember, it’s a hliday. It’s nt fr studying. Yu travel frm place t place and yu pick up jbs n the way. Yu can wrk fr a maximum f three mnths, but n mre. W: Oh, that’s interesting. Thanks a lt. M: If yu have mre questins, I’ll be there.
8. What des the man think f the bar envirnment? A. Quiet. B. Smky. C. Gd.
9. What’s the advantage f wrking in a restaurant ver a bar? A. Imprving English. B. Meeting different peple. C. Earning sme tips.
10. Hw lng can the wman wrk in the UK? A. 3 mnths. B. 6 mnths. C. 9 mnths.
听第8段材料, 回答第11～13题。Text 8M: I just went t the dctr, and he said that accrding t my BMI, which means Bdy Mass Index,⑬I am fficially verweight. D I lk fat t yu? W:⑬I mean, yu culd lse a few punds, but I certainly dn’t think yu lk fat. Did he suggest anything t help yu lse weight? M: He just said the usual stuff, like “eat less and exercise mre”. I guess I culd cut ut sda. . .
W：⑪Maybe yu shuld cut ut the sweets. M: I eat sweets when I’m stressed ut, s that’s ging t be hard. I guess I shuld g t the gym tmrrw. I’m a member, but I never g. W: I thught we were ging t that new restaurant tmrrw after wrk. We’ve been talking abut it fr weeks. M: Well，⑫it’s prbably nt healthy fr me t be ging ut t eat, yu knw? The gym seems like a smarter chice. Cme t think f it. Maybe I’ll g t the grcery stre tnight and stck up n healthy ptins, t.
11. What des the wman suggest the man d? A. Give up sda. B. Stp eating the sweets. C. Exercise mre.
12. What will the man d tmrrw? A. G t the gym. B. G ut fr dinner. C. G t the grcery stre.
13. What is the cnversatin mainly abut? A. Lsing weight. B. Healthy meals. C. A new restaurant.
听第9段材料, 回答第14～17题。Text 9M: Well, yu knw, I enjy staying in shape. I generally get up every mrning at 5: 30 am, and exercise indrs. W: Hey, jgging t the refrigeratr fr a glass f milk desn’t cunt. M: Yes, I usually lift weights. This helps me build muscle strength. Besides, I am fnd f bxing because it helps me burn ff stress and reduce anxiety. W:⑭Oh yeah, thse lies. I’ll never buy this stry. ⑮Actually, a study suggests using a fitness tracker can recrd and encurage yu t take 10, 000 steps a day. Yur immediate actin matters. Nt yur wrds!
M: 10, 000 steps? That is t much. Will a quarter as much as that help? W: Of curse. ⑯Clay Marsh frm Ohi State University says “Any amunt f activity will d. As lng as yu stick t it, yu will benefit. ”M: OK.⑰I will start walking tmrrw. 14. What is the wman’s attitude tward the man’s descriptin? A. Understanding. B. Dubtful. C. Ambiguus.
15. Why des the wman speak f a study? A. T persuade the man. B. T supprt her findings. C. T reduce the man’s anxiety.
16. What des Clay Marsh prbably d? A. He is an athlete. B. He is a cach. C. He is a teacher.
17. What exercise will the man take tmrrw? A. Bxing. B. Walking. C. Weightlifting.
听第10段材料, 回答第18～20题。Text 10 W: It was 2: 05 in the afternn. When I entered the classrm, I was surprised t see a vide camera. Our class teacher was perating the camera, and my classmates were all talking amng themselves slwly.⑱Mst f us had never been in frnt f a vide camera befre, s we were quite nervus. As fr myself, I had nce faced ne at hme. My uncle was shting when we were celebrating my sister’s birthday.⑲But this was cmpletely different. We had t talk abut ur articles as if we were reading news n TV. The funny thing was that every time I tried t face the camera and talk abut my article, I frgt the article and culdn’t resist lking dwn at it. ⑳It was a cmpletely different experience fr me, thanks t ur class teacher.
18. What were the students ging t d? A. Read news n TV. B. Celebrate the writer’s sister’s birthday. C. Read their articles in frnt f a vide camera.
19. Why was the writer s nervus? A. She had never std befre a vide camera. B. She had never read her wn article befre a vide camera. C. This camera was different frm the ne she had nce faced.
20. What was the writer’s feeling t her class teacher? A. Nervus. B. Afraid. C. Thankful.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A(2021·烟台高一检测) Lve t write? Want t see yur wrk published and win sme cash alng the way? Then read n. The natinal Spark a Stry writing cntest is calling in all yung stry tellers! Wh can participate?
The cntest is pen t students in grades 9, 10, 11 r 12, r thse wh are being hme-schled in the United States. Deadline and requirements Yu’re able t send yur shrt stry up t Octber 7th. It will be judged n creativity, riginality and verall quality f writing. Yur stry must be riginal wrks and shuld be n lnger than 5000 wrds. There is n minimum length requirements. Hw can I send my shrt stry?
There are three easy ways t send yur shrt stry: *Online at http: // learn. hmhc. cm/hmhsparkamind *Send yur shrt stry as a PDF r Micrsft wrd dcument t Sparka@hmhc. cm *Send yur shrt stry via U. S. Mail t: Hughtn Mifflin Harcurt Publishing Cmpany 222 Berkeley Street Bstn, MA 02116 What will I win? The best stries will be published next year. Winners will receive a free cpy f the bk and cash price f $100.
【文章大意】文章主要讲述了一个面向学生的小说竞赛项目的具体细节。
21. The passage is written fr t read. A. students B. teachersC. parentsD. freigners【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章Wh can participate? 部分内容可知, 该竞赛面向9、10、11、12年级的学生, 以及那些在美国接受家庭教育的学生, 可推知, 读者应该是学生。故选A。
22. Which f the fllwing children can take part in the cntest? A. Maria, grade 7, frm New Yrk. B. Justin, grade 9, frm Lndn. C. Catherine, grade 11, frm Washingtn D. Bastian, hme-schled frm Paris. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章Wh can participate? 部分内容可知, 该竞赛面向9、10、11、12年级的学生, 以及那些在美国接受家庭教育的学生, 选项C “Catherine, grade 11, frm Washingtn(凯瑟琳, 11年级, 来自华盛顿特区)”符合要求。故选C。
23. Which f the fllwing ways is NOT a crrect way t send yur stry? A. Sending it nline. B. Sending it by email. C. Sending it by U. S. mail. D. Sending it by fax. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章Hw can I send my shrt stry? 部分内容可知, 有三种简单的方式来发送短篇故事, 分别是: 线上http: //learn. hmhc. cm/hmhsparkamind; 将你的短篇小说以PDF或Micrsft wrd格式发送到Sparka@hmhc. cm以及将你的短篇小说通过美国邮件发送到Hughtn Mifflin Harcurt出版公司, 选项D “Sending it by fax(用传真发送)”并未提及。故选D。
B(2021·唐山高一检测) Parts f Africa are cvered by a dark clud. But this is n rain clud. It is a living clud made f billins f lcusts (蝗虫) that are traveling acrss the cntinent eating everything in their path. And nw in the battle t stp this disaster, a radi statin in Senegal, West Africa, is ffering listeners 50 kilgrams f rice if they can catch and kill 50 kilgrams f lcusts. “We think this idea will get mre peple t take part in the war n the lcusts. ” said Abdulaye Ba, frm Sud-Fm, a radi statin in ne f Senegal’s wrst affected area.
This is West Africa’s biggest lcust disaster in 15 years, and it is mving east, causing huge damage t crps. As they mve they prduce yung and increase their number and will sn threaten (威胁) Sudan in the nrtheast f Africa. Sme say it culd reach Asia. Experts say the harmful effect n crps in areas already suffering frm fd shrtage and war culd cause many peple t g hungry. Gvernments in the areas are nt well equipped t fight the pest.
Althugh leaders f 12 cuntries have agreed n a plan, it is nt expected t be enugh. “We are nw treating 6, 000 hectares (公顷) per day with pesticide (杀虫剂), but we need t treat 20, 000 hectares per day in rder t have any hpe f cntrlling this disaster, ”said Mhamed Abdallahi Ould Babah, directr f lcust cntrl in Mauritania. Requests are being made fr internatinal aid, which is nly way t limit the disaster, the UN’s Fd and Agriculture Organizatin warned.
【文章大意】这篇短文讲述的是非洲的部分地区遭受了非常严重的蝗虫灾害, 造成了很大的损失。现在政府及其他国家的领袖都已经采取措施, 展开行动, 消灭蝗虫。电台也呼吁更多的人加入到与蝗虫的战斗中来。
24. By using “dark clud” t describe lcusts in the first paragraph, authr f the article . A. shws the size and speed f the mass f lcustsB. suggests the great damage that lcusts can causeC. warns that lcusts wuld sweep the cntinent like rain cludsD. bth A and B【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第一段可知, 非洲部分地区被乌云覆盖, 但这并不是雨云, 而是由数十亿只蝗虫组成的活云, 它们正在穿越非洲大陆, 吃掉路上的所有东西。可推知, 这里是用乌云来形容蝗虫的数量多、速度快和危害大。故选D。
25. What is the stry mainly abut? A. West Africa’s united effrt in fighting a disaster. B. The difficulty in cntrlling lcusts. C. Hw lcusts caused great damage t West Africa. D. A struggle t fight against a disaster brught by lcusts in West Africa. 【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据第一段内容及结合文章, 主要讲的是非洲西部遭受了严重的蝗虫灾害, 现在政府和其他国家领袖正在为消灭蝗虫而做着努力。由此可知, 文章主要讲述的是一场与西非蝗虫带来的灾难作斗争的故事。故选D。
26. What can we learn abut the lcust disaster frm Paragraph 3? A. It wuld be even mre serius in Asia. B. It is ut f cntrl. C. It affected nly the warning areas. D. It cannt be stpped unless twice as much pesticide is prvided fr the affected areas. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段可知毛里塔尼亚蝗虫控制中心主任Mhamed Abdallahi Ould Babah说: “我们现在每天要处理6, 000公顷的蝗虫, 但是我们需要每天处理20, 000公顷的蝗虫, 这样才有希望控制这场灾难。”由此可知, 蝗虫灾害目前失去了控制。故选B。
27. Which f the fllwing is WRONG ? A. Sud-Fm ffers a reward fr fighting lcusts s that mre peple will jin in the effrt. B. Senegal is t the suthwest f Sudan. C. The lcusts can cause such damage mainly because it has n natural enemy in West Africa. D. 12 cuntries affected by lcusts have united but still lack pesticide. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。C选项“蝗虫能造成这样的破坏主要是因为它们在西非没有天敌”文章没有提到, C选项错误。故选C。
C(2021·吉林高一检测) Last year, the bushfires in Australia burned mre than 12. 35 millin acres f land. At least 25 peple were killed and 2000 hmes destryed. Accrding t the BBC, that was the mst casualties(伤亡) frm wildfires in the cuntry since 2009. The University f Sydney estimates that 480 millin animals have died in Suth Wales alne.
Zeke Hausfather, an energy systems analyst and climate researcher at Berkeley Earth, said warmer temperatures and extreme weather made Australia mre susceptible t fires and increased the length f the fire seasn. “The drier cnditins cmbined with recrd high temperatures in 2019 created main cnditins fr the disastrus fires. Australia’s fires were wrsened by the cmbinatin f thse tw. 2019 was the perfect strm fr being the warmest year n recrd fr Australia and the driest year n recrd fr Australia, ” Hausfather added n Friday.
Kevin Trenberth, a senir scientist at the US Natinal Center fr Atmspheric Research, said warmer cean temperatures are als cntributed t mre variable weather arund the wrld. Trenberth believes that glbal warming cntributed t energy imbalances and ht spts in the ceans, which can create a wave in the atmsphere that lcks weather patterns in places, causing lnger rain events in Indnesia, fr example, and at the same time cntributing t drught in Australia. He said that nce an area experiences drught cnditins fr tw mnths r mre, it increases the risk f fires catching and spreading. Thse changing weather patterns due t glbal warming make drught events lnger.
Climate experts stress that climate change is nt the nly factr in the severity(严重) f wildfires. Hw land is managed can als impact the amunt f fuel available fr fires. Practices like cntrlled bums and ther factrs can impact the risk t peple and prperty, such as warning systems and the type f develpment in a given area. Changing thse plicies has great ptential t limit future damage frm wildfires alng with changes t hw fire management resurces are dispatched(派遣). 【文章大意】文章介绍了澳大利亚森林大火产生的条件和蔓延的原因。
28. What are the numbers abut in Paragraph 1? A. The causes f Australian fires. B. The results f Australian fires. C. The damaged areas f Australian fires. D. The prperty destructin f Australian fires. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。由第一段第一句可知(去年, 澳大利亚的森林大火已经烧毁了超过1235万英亩的土地。至少25人死亡, 2000座房屋被毁)”可推知, 本段的数字表明森林大火产生的严重后果。故选B。
29. Which f the fllwing best explains “susceptible t” in the secnd paragraph? A. Very quickly t adapt t. B. Very seriusly t fcus n. C. Very likely t be influenced by. D. Very easily t be prtected against. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。由第二段可推测, 气温升高和极端天气更容易发生火灾, mre susceptible t 意为“更容易受到……影响”, 与C项“Very likely t be influenced by(很容易受……的影响)”意思相近。故选C。
30. What can we infer frm Trenberth’s research? A. Lnger dry weather cntributes t glbal warming. B. Glbal warming is als a main cause f the bushfires. C. Warmer cean temperatures leads t the fires directly. D. The imbalanced energy leads t the temperature rising. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。由第三段可推断, 全球气候变暖是森林火灾的根本原因。故选B。
31. What des the authr intend t d in the last paragraph? A. T stress the effects f Australia fires. B. T shw the methds fr land management. C. T predict the seriusness f Australia fires. D. T prvide sme advice abut reducing fire damage.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知, 气候专家强调, 气候变化不是森林大火严重的唯一因素。土地的管理方式也会影响火灾可用燃料的数量。诸如控制性燃烧和其他因素等做法可能会影响到人和财产的风险, 如预警系统和特定地区的开发类型。火灾管理资源分配方式改变的同时, 改变这些政策有很大的潜力来限制未来野火造成的损害。可推断在最后一段作者想要介绍一些关于减少火灾损失的建议。故选D。
D(2021·宁波高一检测)Time Travel If yu culd travel in time, where wuld yu g? Perhaps yu wuld watch a perfrmance f a Shakespeare’s play in Elizabethan England? What abut hanging ut with Lazi in the Spring and Autumn Perid? Or maybe yu’d vyage far ahead f the present day t see what the future hlds.
The pssibility f time travel is indeed appealing. Stries explring the subject have been arund fr hundreds f years. Perhaps the best knwn example is science fictin nvel The Time Machine, which was written by H. G. Wells and published in 1895 fr the first time. It was adapted int at least tw feature films f the same name, as well as tw televisin versins, and a large number f cmic bk adaptatins. It is generally credited with the ppularizatin f the cncept f time travel using a vehicle that allws an peratr t travel purpsefully and selectively. The term “time machine”, cined by Wells, is nw universally used t refer t a vehicle transprting peple int the far future.
But culd time travel actually be pssible? Sme scientists say yes, in thery. They prpse using cracks in time and space called “wrmhles”, which culd be used as shrtcuts t ther perids. Einstein’s thery f relativity allws time travel in extreme circumstances. And British physicist Stephen Hawking says yu culd travel int the future with a really fast spaceship ging at nearly the speed f light. Thugh building such a spaceship wuld f curse be n simple task. Even if yu culd travel int the past, there is smething called the “grandfather paradx”. It asks what wuld happen if a time traveler were t g back in time and have his wn grandfather killed fr sme reasns, and therefre prevent himself frm being brn. If the time traveler wasn’t brn, hw wuld he travel back in time?
And wuld yu really like t visit the future? In H. G. Wells’ bk, the main character travels int distant time where he arrives at a beach and is attacked by giant crabs. He then vyages 30 millin years int the future where the nly living thing is a black bject with tentacles(触角). If that’s what’s in stre, maybe we are better just living in the present day after all.
【文章大意】人类一直对时间旅行很感兴趣。从理论上来说, 并且根据一些科幻书籍以及科学家所说, 时间旅行是可以的。但是, 从另一个角度而言, 时间旅行未必是好事。因此作者认为我们还是生活在现在好。
32. The nvel The Time Machine mentined in Paragraph 2 aims t shw . A. the lng histry f time travelB. the cntributin f H. G. WellsC. peple’s interest in time travelD. the stry’s different features【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段可知, 时间旅行的可能性确实很吸引人。探索这个主题的故事已经有几百年了。小说The Time Machine就是一个例子。由此可推知, 在第二段中提到The Time Machine这部小说就是想表明人们对时间旅行的兴趣。故选C。
33. Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE? A. The Time Machine is ne f the best selling science fictin nvels. B. It was H. G. Wells wh invented the term “time machine”. C. Wrks f Literature abut time travel first appeared ne hundred years ag. D. There are films, cmic bks and dramas adapted frm the nvel The Time Machine. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知, “时间机器”这个术语, 由Wells创造, 现在被普遍用于指把人们运送到遥远的未来。由此可知, 是H. G. Wells发明了“时间机器”这个术语。故选B。
34. What can we knw abut Einstein’s and Hawking’s theries frm Paragraph 3? A. They have similarities because bth are based n experiments. B. They suggest the pssibility f time travel. C. They have been prved wrng by sme time travelers. D. They have pushed the inventin f the first spaceship. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句提出问题“But culd time travel actually be pssible? (但是时间旅行实际上是可能的吗? )”, 接下来举了爱因斯坦和霍金的例子, 爱因斯坦的相对论使得在极端情况下可以进行时间旅行。英国物理学家斯蒂芬霍金说, 你可以用一艘非常快的宇宙飞船以接近光速的速度旅行到未来。由此可知, 霍金和爱因斯坦的理论表明了时间旅行的可能性。故选B。
35. What des “grandfather paradx”in Paragraph 4 prbably refer t? A. The reunin f the traveler and his grandfather brings happiness. B. The traveler is prevented frm meeting his grandfather. C. The traveler ges back in time t seek fr his grandfather. D. The grandfather’s death makes the traveler’s birth impssible. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段可知, “grandfather paradx”提出一个问题: 如果一个时间旅行者回到过去, 他的祖父由于某种原因死亡, 那么时间旅行者就无法出生。如果时间旅行者没有出生, 他怎么会回到过去? 故“grandfather paradx”提出的观点就是: 祖父死亡导致时间旅行者无法出生。故选D。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2021·兰州高一检测)Hw t Deal with Being Indrs During an Earthquake Wuld yu knw what t d if yu are indrs during an earthquake? 36 Stay indrs. D nt mve utside. Many mdern buildings made f RCC (Reinfrced Cement Cncrete) are designed t withstand mderate earthquakes and are actually quite safe. 37 . Ging utside is dangerus when peple get injured frm things falling ff the building r ther buildings.
38 . Drp befre the earthquake drps yu. Use the “Drp, Cver and Hld” methd—drp nt the grund, take cver under a strng and sturdy bject and cver yur head with yur hands and arms. Hld nt whatever yu might be underneath, because if it starts t mve, yu’ll want t make sure that yu’re mving with it. Get under smething heavy. 39 If pssible, get under smething heavy like a desk r table. Cver yur head. Get dwn lw and make sure that yu are prtected frm things that might be falling in yur hme.
Find ther supprts if yu cannt shelter under smething. If yu’re nt able t get under a table r ther frms f prtectin, get next t an interir wall. Make yurself as small as pssible. Cver yur head and prtect yurself while the shaking is ging n. Stay in bed if yu are there already. If an earthquake starts while yu are in bed, the best thing is t stay there. Cver yur head and neck with yur pillw and ride ut the shaking. 40 It has been reprted that peple wh get ut f bed during an earthquake are mre likely t be injured as they may step n brken glass.
A. Drp nt the grund. B. Find a heavy desk quickly. C. Earthquakes lead t many disasters. D. D nt get ut f bed until the shaking stps. E. This simple hw-t will bring yu up t speed quickly. F. It is unlikely that yu will be able t walk during an earthquake. G. Steps and lifts are actually mre dangerus than staying indrs. 【文章大意】文章主要讲述了地震时待在室内该如何应对的建议。
36. 【解析】选E。根据上一句“你知道地震时如果你在室内该怎么做吗? ”可知此处内容与介绍地震时在室内的建议有关, 选项E“这个简单的方法会让你快速上手。”符合题意。故选E。37. 【解析】选G。根据上一句可知许多现代建筑由RCC(钢筋水泥混凝土)设计成能够承受中等强度的地震, 实际上是相当安全的。以及下一句可知当人们被从建筑物或其他建筑物上掉落的东西弄伤时, 外出是危险的。可推知此处内容与比较之下待在室内更安全有关, 选项G“楼梯和电梯实际上比待在室内更危险。”符合题意。故选G。
38. 【解析】选A。根据下文可知在地震将你击倒之前蹲下。使用“蹲下, 掩护和抓住”的方法——蹲下, 在一个坚固的物体下寻找掩护, 用手和胳膊盖住头部。可知此处内容与采用蹲在地上的方法保护自己有关, 选项A“蹲在地上。”符合题意。故选A。39. 【解析】选F。根据下一句可知如果可能的话, 躲到像书桌或桌子这样的重物下面。可知此处内容与地震时不能走路而是应该躲在重物之下保护自己有关, 选项F“地震时你是不可能走路的。”符合题意。故选F。
40. 【解析】选D。根据下一句可知据报道, 地震时从床上起来的人更容易受伤, 因为他们可能会踩到碎玻璃。可知此处内容与建议地震时不要起床走动有关, 选项D“震动停止前不要起床。”符合题意。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2021·吉林高一检测) Tree hugging (拥抱) may sund a little bit strange. But Israel has been encuraging peple t d it 41 . “In this 42 COVID-19 perid, peple have t stay away frm each ther, ” said Orit Steinfeld, manager f Israel’s Apllnia Natinal Park, “We 43 that peple arund the wrld g ut t nature, take a deep breath, hug a tree, express yur lve and get lve. ”
The park is abut 15 kilmeters nrth f Tel Aviv. Inside the park, sme visitrs 44 fllwed his advice. Barbara Grant was ne f them. “We need physical tuch t stay 45 . Withut it, many becme lnely, sad and even sick, ” he said, “We are nt hugging t many 46 these days. Hugging a tree is quite a 47 thing t d. ”
Israel is nt the 48 cuntry t ask peple t hug trees. Iceland’s Frest Service started a similar 49 in April. They advised everyne in the cuntry t 50 a tree fr at least five minutes every day. The Frest Service even shared a shrt vide shwing peple in Iceland hugging trees in the 51 . Park wrkers als 52 paths in the wds s that visitrs culd stay away frm each ther while 53 their trees. “There are a lt f trees, ” said a frest wrker in the vide, “n need fr everyne t hug the 54 tree. ”
S, if yu cannt get a human hug these days, yu knw smething yu can safely put yur 55 arund: A tree! 【文章大意】主要讲述了在这个令人不快的COVID-19时期有的国家提倡拥抱树木。
41. A. immediately B. necessarilyC. plitelyD. recently【解析】选D。句意: 拥抱树木听起来有点奇怪。但以色列最近一直在鼓励人们这样做。immediately立即; necessarily必要地; plitely礼貌地; recently最近地。根据下文可知, 在这个令人不快的新冠肺炎疫情时期, 人们不得不彼此远离, 因此可知事情发生在最近, 所以以色列最近一直在鼓励人们这样做。符合题意, 故选D。
42. A. happyB. shrtC. unpleasantD. free【解析】选C。句意: 在这个令人不愉快的新冠肺炎疫情时期, 人们不得不彼此远离。根据新冠肺炎疫情可知是疫情的爆发, 所以只有unpleasant(令人不快的)符合感情色彩, 故选C。
43. A. rderB. recmmendC. seeD. knw【解析】选B。句意: 我们建议全世界的人到大自然中去, 深呼吸拥抱一棵树, 表达你的爱, 得到爱。rder命令; recmmend建议; see看到; knw知道。分析可知, 根据上文以色列最近一直在鼓励人们拥抱树木, 可知此处使用recmmend符合题意, 表示建议, 故选B。
44. A. actuallyB. hardlyC. blindlyD. awkwardly【解析】选A。句意: 在公园里, 一些游客实际上听从了他的建议。actually实际上; hardly几乎不; blindly盲目地; awkwardly笨拙地。根据“Barbara Grant was ne f them. ”可知, 一些游客实际上听从了他的建议。故选A。
45. A. high B. warm C. healthy D. big【解析】选C。句意: 我们需要身体接触才能保持健康。根据下文“Withut it, many becme lnely, sad and even sick”可知, 没有它, 很多人会变得孤独、悲伤甚至生病, 所以我们需要身体接触才能保持健康, 故选C。
46. A. treesB. persnsC. animalsD. vlunteers【解析】选B。句意: 我们现在没有拥抱太多的人。拥抱一棵树是一件很好的事情。根据“Hugging a tree is quite a thing t d. ”可知, 拥抱一棵树是一件很好的事情, 根据nt可知正好与不拥抱人形成对比, 故选B。
47. A. badB. sillyC. luckyD. nice【解析】选D。句意: 我们现在没有拥抱太多的人。拥抱一棵树是一件很好的事情。根据上文“We need physical tuch t stay ”可知, 我们需要身体接触才能保持健康。由此可以看出, 拥抱树是一件好事, 有益的事。故选D。
48. A. firstB. richC. beautifulD. great【解析】选A。句意: 以色列不是第一个要求人们拥抱树木的国家。根据后文“Iceland’s Frest Service started a similar ”可知, 冰岛林业局在4月份也开始了类似的努力。由此可以看出以色列不是第一个要求人们拥抱树木的国家, 故选A。
49. A. matchB. meetingC. effrtD. park【解析】选C。句意: 冰岛林业局在4月份也开始了类似的努力。根据下文“They advised everyne in the cuntry t a tree fr at least five minutes every day. ”可知他们建议全国每个人每天拥抱一棵树至少五分钟。由此可以看出冰岛林业局在4月份也开始了类似的努力(建议拥抱树)。符合题意, 故选C。
50. A. plantB. hugC. paintD. buy【解析】选B。句意: 他们建议全国每个人每天拥抱一棵树至少五分钟。 根据第四段“ Hugging a tree”可知, 本文在讲述拥抱树, 故选B。
51. A. bkB. waterC. huseD. frest【解析】选D。句意: 林业局甚至还分享了一段冰岛人在森林中拥抱树的视频。根据下文“in the wds”可知, frest与之呼应, 冰岛人拥抱森林中的树木。故选D。
52. A. stppedB. clearedC. leftD. fllwed【解析】选B。句意: 公园的工作人员还清理了森林中的道路, 以便游客在寻找他们想拥抱的那棵特殊的树时可以保持社交距离。stpped停止; cleared清理; left留下; fllwed跟随。根据“visitrs culd stay away frm each ther”可知为了以便游客在寻找他们想拥抱的那棵树木时彼此远离, 所以清理了森林中的道路, 故选B。
53. A. cutting dwnB. falling dwnC. lking frD. climbing up【解析】选C。句意: 公园的工作人员还清理了森林中的道路, 以便游客在寻找他们想拥抱的那棵特殊的树时可以保持社交距离。cutting dwn削减, 砍倒; falling dwn跌倒; lking fr寻找; climbing up爬上去。公园的工作人员清理森林中的道路就是为了游客在寻找他们想拥抱的树木时彼此远离。只有lk fr(寻找)符合题意, 故选C。
54. A. sameB. littleC. dirtyD. dead【解析】选A。句意: 这里有很多树, 没必要每个人都拥抱同一棵树。根据“There are a lt f trees(有很多树)”可知, 没必要每个人都拥抱同一棵树符合题意, 故选A。
55. A. clthesB. armsC. stringD. feet【解析】选B。句意: 如果这些天你不能得到一个人的拥抱, 你知道有东西你是可以放心地拥抱的: 一棵树! 全文都在讲拥抱树, 故此处填arms符合, 表示用胳膊(拥抱), 故选B。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词后括号内单词的正确形式。 (2021·济南高一检测) My name is Ma Lili, a 56. (survive) frm the Tangshan earthquake in 1976. Many strange things happened befre the earthquake, but we didn’t take it 57. (serius). In fifteen secnds, a large city lay in 58. (ruin). The number f peple killed r badly 59. (injure) reached mre than 240, 000. My family and I 60. (bury) under the building. Luckily, sldiers came t ur rescue in time. It was reprted that Tangshan was the centre f the earthquake and tens f thusands f peple died, 61. shcked the wrld!
At that time, sme peple 62. (think) Tangshan wuld disappear frm the wrld. 63. , Tangshan sn began t breathe again. We all devted 64. (us) t rebuilding it and the city nw is becming even 65. (beautiful) than befre. 【文章大意】作者是1976年唐山大地震的幸存者, 她回忆了有关那次地震的情况。虽然伤亡240, 000多人, 损失惨重, 但唐山人民以最快的速度让这座城市涅磐重生。
56. 【解析】survivr。考查名词。不定冠词a后跟名词, 所填词应为名词, 所填词是Ma Lili的同位语, Ma Lili指人, 所以所填词也应是指人, 要填survive的名词形式, 词义为幸存者, 故填survivr。57. 【解析】seriusly。考查副词。句中谓语动词为take, 所填词修饰动词, 要用副词, 所以要填serius的副词形式, 故填seriusly。58. 【解析】ruins。考查名词复数。固定短语in ruins一片废墟, 满目疮痍, ruin要用复数形式, 故填ruins。59. 【解析】injured。考查形容词。并列连词r连接的两个部分要对称平行, r前用了过去分词作后置定语修饰peple, 所填词的逻辑主语为peple, 二者是动宾关系, 用过去分词表示被动, injured受伤的, 切题, 故填injured。
60. 【解析】were buried。考查被动语态、时态和主谓一致。句中主语My family and I是动词bury的接受者, 二者是动宾关系, 要用被动语态。主语为and连接的两个名词, 谓语动词用复数形式。地震发生在1976年, 是过去的时间, bury动作发生在过去, 用一般过去时, 故填were buried。61. 【解析】which。考查非限制性定语从句。所填词引导非限制性定语从句. . . shcked the wrld, 修饰前面整个句子, 用关系代词which, 故填which。62. 【解析】thught。考查时态。句中时间状语为At that time, 表示过去的时间点, 谓语动词要用一般过去时, 故填thught。
63. 【解析】Hwever。考查副词。上一句是wuld disappear. . . 要消失, 所填词所在句子是. . . breathe again又呼吸了, 前后句为转折关系, 要用表示转折的副词, 又因为在句首, 所以首字母大写, 故填Hwever。64. 【解析】urselves。考查反身代词。句子主语是we, 所填词作宾语, 给的是代词us, 所以要用其反身代词, devted urselves t献身于, 故填urselves。65. 【解析】mre beautiful。考查形容词比较级。句中是nw和befre比较, 是二者之间的比较, than用以引出比较的第二部分, 所以要填比较级, 所填词作表语, 形容词作表语, 要用形容词比较级, beautiful为多音节词, 故填mre beautiful。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假如你叫李华, 你们学校下周三将举行Walk fr Lve公益活动, 旨在为地震灾区人民募捐。请给你的朋友Jhn写一封电子邮件邀请他参加, 要点如下: 1. 活动的时间、地点及目的; 2. 活动的内容: 步行、捐款等。注意: 1. 词数80个左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯; 3. 开头和结尾已为你写好, 但不计入总词数。
Dear Jhn, I’d like t invite yu t jin us fr the Walk fr Lve. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Lking frward t yur reply. Yurs, Li Hua
【参考范文】Dear Jhn, I’d like t invite yu t jin us fr the Walk fr Lve. The activity spnsred by sme charitable rganizatins is intended t raise mney fr the peple in the earthquake stricken area. It is t be held n the playgrund f ur schl at 9 am next Wednesday. Students, as well as teachers, parents and spnsrs, are invited t participate in it.
The first part f the activity is 3 kilmetres walks. After that, the mney-raising part will start. I think the activity nt nly helps peple in need but is a gd chance fr us t d exercise. If yu are interested, we can g there tgether. Lking frward t yur reply. Yurs, Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2021·哈尔滨高一检测)Mary, Tm and Buddy Mary was a 17-year-ld girl with lng brwn hair and pretty eyes. Every evening she wuld take her dg, Buddy, ut fr a walk befre dinner. She had named her dg Buddy because it was very friendly t everybdy it met. But Buddy never barked (叫) at anyne r any dgs when they were ut fr their walks.
One night, smething strange happened. Fr the first time in its life, Buddy barked when they were taking a walk beside a frest. “What’s the matter, Buddy? ” Mary asked. Buddy replied in mre barks. All f a sudden, the wind grew strnger and the sky became cludier. Mary decided t turn arund and head back hme. But befre she culd, a vice called ut her name. Mary wanted t run but Buddy refused. “Wh’s there? ” Mary asked, trying t be calm. A by came ut frm the frest.
“Tm, is that yu? ” Mary asked the shy by. Tm lked dwn at the grund with his hands in his pckets. “What are yu ding, Tm? Have yu been fllwing me? ” Mary asked. “I’m srry. I didn’t mean t frighten yu, ” Tm said. Mary culd tell that he was nervus. She suddenly knew f the feelings Tm had fr her. “Wuld yu like t walk me hme, Tm? ” Mary asked finally. 注意: 续写词数应为150个左右。
Tm was t happy t answer. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In the kitchen, they made hamburgers, cakes and mre. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】 Tm was t happy t answer. Buddy reminded him by barking ludly. Then he ndded. The three tgether went back hme. On the way, Tm said “I had intended t make an aplgy t yu, fr I brke yur bike during the day. S I fllwed yu. But I am shy, thinking what if yu dn’t frgive me. S. . . ” Mary listened attentively, and came t understand what had happened. “Frget it Tm. I have had my bike repaired. ” Suddenly, an idea struck her. On arriving hme, Mary led Tm int the kitchen, telling him “Let’s ck by urselves. ”
In the kitchen, they made hamburgers, cakes and mre. They talked abut what had happened with Buddy barking delightedly nw and then, and then shared the delicius fd tgether. Tm praised buddy, petting it and saying “Thank yu Buddy! Withut yu, I culdn’t have had a chance t aplgize t Mary. ”, adding “May I be yur friends, Mary? ” Mary answered “We have been friends all the time. ” They laughed happily. What a wnderful night.
Ⅰ. 阅读填句Rck Climbing as Sprt and Art It is estimated(估计) that nine millin peple g rck climbing in the United States. Millins mre take part in the activity arund the wrld. 1 Others cmpete. Rck climbing can be dangerus. But there are many methds and prtective devices(装置)that can increase a climber’s safety. 2 Climbers have t pull themselves straight up the face f very high rcks r walls. S they have t be strng enugh t carry their wn weight. And climbers smetimes have t hld n t rcks with nly their fingers r tes.
There are several kinds f rck climbing. Traditinal rck climbing is dne utside. Climbers wear rpes and attach devices t the rcks as they climb many hundreds f meters up. They als cnnect their rpes t the devices. 3 Sprt climbing is similar. Hwever, in thse cases the prtective devices are permanently(永久地) placed in the rck. There is als indr climbing. Rck walls made f wd r cncrete have places fr the climber’s hands and feet. 4 Peple climb glaciers r frzen waterfalls instead f rcks. They use special equipment fr the ice.
And then there is buldering-climbing(巨石攀岩) rcks between three and seven meters high. 5 Many climbers like buldering because they can use less equipment. Climbers ften need nly special shes and chalk. All climbers use chalk t keep their hands dry. A. Ice climbing is exactly as it sunds. B. Sme d it just fr persnal interest. C. Sme g climbing at weekends r in hlidays. D. It is a quicker and mre intense(剧烈的)kind f climbing. E. If a climber slips, a rpe can stp him frm falling. F. Climbing takes strength, cntrl and gd balance. G. It is mre challenging and dangerus, but als mre fun.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了攀岩的一些技巧和装备, 以及其他几种不同方式的攀岩。
1. 【解析】选B。根据下文Others cmpete. 可知, B项“Sme d it just fr persnal interest”“ 一些人这样做只是为了个人兴趣”, sme和thers对应。故选B项。2. 【解析】选F。根据下文Climbers have t pull themselves straight up the face f very high rcks r walls. 可知“攀岩者不得不在很高的岩石或者攀岩墙上把自己拉上去”。F项“爬山需要力量、控制力和好的平衡力”。故选F项。3. 【解析】选E。根据上文They als cnnect their rpes t the devices. 可知“攀岩者需要把绳子连在装备上”。E项“如果一个攀岩者滑倒, 一条绳子会阻止他掉下去”, 符合题意。故选E项。
4. 【解析】选A。根据下文Peple climb glaciers r frzen waterfalls instead f rcks. They use special equipment fr the ice. 可知“当攀登冰川或者结冰的瀑布而不是攀登岩石的时候, 他们使用特别的装备”。A项“冰上攀岩就像它听起来的那样”, 符合题意, 故选A项。5. 【解析】选D。根据上文And then there is buldering-climbing rcks between three and seven meters high. 可知, 此处提到了巨石攀岩。D项“这是一种更快更剧烈的攀爬”, 是对巨石攀岩的进一步说明, 符合题意。故选D项。
Ⅱ. 概要写作阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。 Befre a child starts schl, his r her main rle mdels are his r her parents r caregivers. Parents r caregivers with high self-esteem(自尊) typically mdel this t the children, wh will gradually pick up these ideas. Thse wh are influenced by negativity(否定性, 消极态度), even if the negativity is nt twards them, will ften take the same way f thinking, leading t lw self-esteem in childhd.
Cntinual praise fr a child’s achievements plays a large part in a child’s view f himself r herself. Praising a child fr acting as expected r smething gd ften encurages him r her t repeat the same actin and frms a sense f self-wrth. Empty praise, hwever, can have the ppsite(相反的)effect. A child wh is praised fr anything will stp believing the wrds, and the empty praise will have little effect n self-esteem in childhd r pssibly a negative effect.
Prviding a child with respnsibilities based n his r her abilities is als imprtant in the develpment f self-esteem in childhd. Making a child feel like a helpful member f a family r grup, whether at hme r schl, helps t frm a higher sense f cnfidence in his r her abilities. Hwever, giving a child unfit respnsibilities r tasks can d n gd t the develpment f high self-esteem in childhd.
Each persn has strengths and weaknesses. A child can build up his r her cnfidence level when he/she is encuraged t take part in activities , which can prvide him r her with chances t wrk n weaknesses(缺点) in a helpful envirnment. Children wh are given the pprtunities t use their unique skills t help thers r imprve themselves have higher self-esteem than thse wh are nt given the same chances r wh are pushed int activities that they d nt enjy r d nt have an ability t d. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】 Several different factrs affect self-esteem in childhd, especially a child’s cmmunicatin with his parents, caregivers, and ther adult rle mdels. (要点1)Receiving praise fr achievements can build up a child’s cnfidence, (要点2)and whether r nt he is given prper respnsibilities can have an effect n his self-esteem level. (要点3)In additin, taking part in activities can aid in the develpment f a child’s self-esteem. (要点4)
Ⅲ. 单词拼写1. Anther __________(地震) hit Japan in April, leaving many peple hmeless. 2. The firefighters _______(营救)five children frm the burning huse yesterday. 3. His parents and his little brther lst their lives in the ________(灾难). 4. She tk a deep breath and sat up slwly with great _____ (努力). 5. An unhappy hme envirnment can _____ (影响) a child’s behavir. 6. I have dreams f this place and wnder what it wuld be like t _______(呼吸) this air.
7. Millins f peple were faces with starvatin(饥饿) as a result f _______(干旱) and bad harvests. 8. It is quite ften fr ________(滑坡) t take place in the suth in raining seasn. 9. The strm lasted fr a whle day and _________(毁坏) all the crps in the fields. 10. It’s kind f yu t prvide the pr by with fd and _______(补给品).
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
Text 1M: ①Befre feeding the dg, I’m ging t clear up its huse. W: It’s abut time. Lk at the mess! It smells terrible. 1. What is the man ging t d first? A. Feed the dg. B. Walk the dg. C. Clean the dg huse.
Text 2M: ②Make ne cpy f this dcument fr me and twenty fr ther managers. W: OK, Mr Cllins. As sn as I send the e-mail t the imprtant client, I will g t deal with this. 2. What is the wman related t Mr Cllins? A. His secretary. B. His client. C. His manager.
Text 3M: ③The fd in this restaurant is pretty gd. And they als give the best service. W: That’s right. Have yu been here befre? M: N, but my friend Bb ften cmes here. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking abut? A. A public service. B. A restaurant. C. The man’s friend.
Text 4W: ④If yur back is painful, maybe yu shuldn’t get ut f bed, dear. Dn’t g t the kitchen. I’ll bring breakfast here. M: N, n. My back feels wrse lying dwn. ④Help me get dressed, please. Then I’ll walk utside a little. 4. Where des the cnversatin take place? A. In the kitchen. B. In the bedrm. C. Outside the huse.
Text 5W: Hw did yu like the mvie, Jhn? Tm said it was bring. But I knw yu were excited t see it. M: I can’t decide. ⑤Sme parts were all right, and thers nt s gd. 5. What des the man think f the mvie? A. Exciting. B. Bring. C. Just s-s.
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
Text 6M: Marissa, if yur papers cntinue t be late, I will have t give yu a failing grade fr the curse. W: ⑥I’m srry! I’ve been having a really hard semester. M: Yu need t try a little harder, kay? W: I knw, I will. There’s just been a lt ging n lately. I’m mving ut f my huse, and my brther is in the hspital. M: I’m srry t hear that, ⑦but this is the 7th paper yu’ve turned in late. W: I prmise I’ll get the next ne in n time. Just please dn’t fail me. M: I’ll give yu ne mre chance, but just ne. Dn’t let me dwn.
6. Hw des the wman mst likely feel? A. Srry. B. Disappinted. C. Annyed.
7. What has happened t the wman recently? A. She failed in the exams several times. B. She mved ut f her brther’s huse. C. She turned in papers late.
听第7段材料, 回答第8～10题。Text 7W: Hey, Frank, I have just gt a wrking hliday visa fr the UK, and I wnder what I can d there. M: The wrking hliday visa lasts six mnths, and yu can wrk fr three mnths. If yur English is gd, yu shuldn’t have a prblem getting wrk in a bar. ⑧But if yu dn’t like the nisy, smky and n tipping bar, yu can wrk in a restaurant. That’s anther way t use yur English, meet sme different peple and ⑨mre imprtantly, yu can get sme tips.
W: OK, I prefer t wrk in a restaurant. My visa is fr 6 mnths, ⑩s I’ll study fr the first 3 mnths and wrk fr the secnd 3 mnths. M: But remember, it’s a hliday. It’s nt fr studying. Yu travel frm place t place and yu pick up jbs n the way. Yu can wrk fr a maximum f three mnths, but n mre. W: Oh, that’s interesting. Thanks a lt. M: If yu have mre questins, I’ll be there.
8. What des the man think f the bar envirnment? A. Quiet. B. Smky. C. Gd.
9. What’s the advantage f wrking in a restaurant ver a bar? A. Imprving English. B. Meeting different peple. C. Earning sme tips.
10. Hw lng can the wman wrk in the UK? A. 3 mnths. B. 6 mnths. C. 9 mnths.
听第8段材料, 回答第11～13题。Text 8M: I just went t the dctr, and he said that accrding t my BMI, which means Bdy Mass Index,⑬I am fficially verweight. D I lk fat t yu? W:⑬I mean, yu culd lse a few punds, but I certainly dn’t think yu lk fat. Did he suggest anything t help yu lse weight? M: He just said the usual stuff, like “eat less and exercise mre”. I guess I culd cut ut sda. . .
W：⑪Maybe yu shuld cut ut the sweets. M: I eat sweets when I’m stressed ut, s that’s ging t be hard. I guess I shuld g t the gym tmrrw. I’m a member, but I never g. W: I thught we were ging t that new restaurant tmrrw after wrk. We’ve been talking abut it fr weeks. M: Well，⑫it’s prbably nt healthy fr me t be ging ut t eat, yu knw? The gym seems like a smarter chice. Cme t think f it. Maybe I’ll g t the grcery stre tnight and stck up n healthy ptins, t.
11. What des the wman suggest the man d? A. Give up sda. B. Stp eating the sweets. C. Exercise mre.
12. What will the man d tmrrw? A. G t the gym. B. G ut fr dinner. C. G t the grcery stre.
13. What is the cnversatin mainly abut? A. Lsing weight. B. Healthy meals. C. A new restaurant.
听第9段材料, 回答第14～17题。Text 9M: Well, yu knw, I enjy staying in shape. I generally get up every mrning at 5: 30 am, and exercise indrs. W: Hey, jgging t the refrigeratr fr a glass f milk desn’t cunt. M: Yes, I usually lift weights. This helps me build muscle strength. Besides, I am fnd f bxing because it helps me burn ff stress and reduce anxiety. W:⑭Oh yeah, thse lies. I’ll never buy this stry. ⑮Actually, a study suggests using a fitness tracker can recrd and encurage yu t take 10, 000 steps a day. Yur immediate actin matters. Nt yur wrds!
M: 10, 000 steps? That is t much. Will a quarter as much as that help? W: Of curse. ⑯Clay Marsh frm Ohi State University says “Any amunt f activity will d. As lng as yu stick t it, yu will benefit. ”M: OK.⑰I will start walking tmrrw. 14. What is the wman’s attitude tward the man’s descriptin? A. Understanding. B. Dubtful. C. Ambiguus.
15. Why des the wman speak f a study? A. T persuade the man. B. T supprt her findings. C. T reduce the man’s anxiety.
16. What des Clay Marsh prbably d? A. He is an athlete. B. He is a cach. C. He is a teacher.
17. What exercise will the man take tmrrw? A. Bxing. B. Walking. C. Weightlifting.
听第10段材料, 回答第18～20题。Text 10 W: It was 2: 05 in the afternn. When I entered the classrm, I was surprised t see a vide camera. Our class teacher was perating the camera, and my classmates were all talking amng themselves slwly.⑱Mst f us had never been in frnt f a vide camera befre, s we were quite nervus. As fr myself, I had nce faced ne at hme. My uncle was shting when we were celebrating my sister’s birthday.⑲But this was cmpletely different. We had t talk abut ur articles as if we were reading news n TV. The funny thing was that every time I tried t face the camera and talk abut my article, I frgt the article and culdn’t resist lking dwn at it. ⑳It was a cmpletely different experience fr me, thanks t ur class teacher.
18. What were the students ging t d? A. Read news n TV. B. Celebrate the writer’s sister’s birthday. C. Read their articles in frnt f a vide camera.
19. Why was the writer s nervus? A. She had never std befre a vide camera. B. She had never read her wn article befre a vide camera. C. This camera was different frm the ne she had nce faced.
20. What was the writer’s feeling t her class teacher? A. Nervus. B. Afraid. C. Thankful.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A(2021·烟台高一检测) Lve t write? Want t see yur wrk published and win sme cash alng the way? Then read n. The natinal Spark a Stry writing cntest is calling in all yung stry tellers! Wh can participate?
The cntest is pen t students in grades 9, 10, 11 r 12, r thse wh are being hme-schled in the United States. Deadline and requirements Yu’re able t send yur shrt stry up t Octber 7th. It will be judged n creativity, riginality and verall quality f writing. Yur stry must be riginal wrks and shuld be n lnger than 5000 wrds. There is n minimum length requirements. Hw can I send my shrt stry?
There are three easy ways t send yur shrt stry: *Online at http: // learn. hmhc. cm/hmhsparkamind *Send yur shrt stry as a PDF r Micrsft wrd dcument t Sparka@hmhc. cm *Send yur shrt stry via U. S. Mail t: Hughtn Mifflin Harcurt Publishing Cmpany 222 Berkeley Street Bstn, MA 02116 What will I win? The best stries will be published next year. Winners will receive a free cpy f the bk and cash price f $100.
【文章大意】文章主要讲述了一个面向学生的小说竞赛项目的具体细节。
21. The passage is written fr t read. A. students B. teachersC. parentsD. freigners【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章Wh can participate? 部分内容可知, 该竞赛面向9、10、11、12年级的学生, 以及那些在美国接受家庭教育的学生, 可推知, 读者应该是学生。故选A。
22. Which f the fllwing children can take part in the cntest? A. Maria, grade 7, frm New Yrk. B. Justin, grade 9, frm Lndn. C. Catherine, grade 11, frm Washingtn D. Bastian, hme-schled frm Paris. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章Wh can participate? 部分内容可知, 该竞赛面向9、10、11、12年级的学生, 以及那些在美国接受家庭教育的学生, 选项C “Catherine, grade 11, frm Washingtn(凯瑟琳, 11年级, 来自华盛顿特区)”符合要求。故选C。
23. Which f the fllwing ways is NOT a crrect way t send yur stry? A. Sending it nline. B. Sending it by email. C. Sending it by U. S. mail. D. Sending it by fax. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章Hw can I send my shrt stry? 部分内容可知, 有三种简单的方式来发送短篇故事, 分别是: 线上http: //learn. hmhc. cm/hmhsparkamind; 将你的短篇小说以PDF或Micrsft wrd格式发送到Sparka@hmhc. cm以及将你的短篇小说通过美国邮件发送到Hughtn Mifflin Harcurt出版公司, 选项D “Sending it by fax(用传真发送)”并未提及。故选D。
B(2021·唐山高一检测) Parts f Africa are cvered by a dark clud. But this is n rain clud. It is a living clud made f billins f lcusts (蝗虫) that are traveling acrss the cntinent eating everything in their path. And nw in the battle t stp this disaster, a radi statin in Senegal, West Africa, is ffering listeners 50 kilgrams f rice if they can catch and kill 50 kilgrams f lcusts. “We think this idea will get mre peple t take part in the war n the lcusts. ” said Abdulaye Ba, frm Sud-Fm, a radi statin in ne f Senegal’s wrst affected area.
This is West Africa’s biggest lcust disaster in 15 years, and it is mving east, causing huge damage t crps. As they mve they prduce yung and increase their number and will sn threaten (威胁) Sudan in the nrtheast f Africa. Sme say it culd reach Asia. Experts say the harmful effect n crps in areas already suffering frm fd shrtage and war culd cause many peple t g hungry. Gvernments in the areas are nt well equipped t fight the pest.
Althugh leaders f 12 cuntries have agreed n a plan, it is nt expected t be enugh. “We are nw treating 6, 000 hectares (公顷) per day with pesticide (杀虫剂), but we need t treat 20, 000 hectares per day in rder t have any hpe f cntrlling this disaster, ”said Mhamed Abdallahi Ould Babah, directr f lcust cntrl in Mauritania. Requests are being made fr internatinal aid, which is nly way t limit the disaster, the UN’s Fd and Agriculture Organizatin warned.
【文章大意】这篇短文讲述的是非洲的部分地区遭受了非常严重的蝗虫灾害, 造成了很大的损失。现在政府及其他国家的领袖都已经采取措施, 展开行动, 消灭蝗虫。电台也呼吁更多的人加入到与蝗虫的战斗中来。
24. By using “dark clud” t describe lcusts in the first paragraph, authr f the article . A. shws the size and speed f the mass f lcustsB. suggests the great damage that lcusts can causeC. warns that lcusts wuld sweep the cntinent like rain cludsD. bth A and B【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第一段可知, 非洲部分地区被乌云覆盖, 但这并不是雨云, 而是由数十亿只蝗虫组成的活云, 它们正在穿越非洲大陆, 吃掉路上的所有东西。可推知, 这里是用乌云来形容蝗虫的数量多、速度快和危害大。故选D。
25. What is the stry mainly abut? A. West Africa’s united effrt in fighting a disaster. B. The difficulty in cntrlling lcusts. C. Hw lcusts caused great damage t West Africa. D. A struggle t fight against a disaster brught by lcusts in West Africa. 【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据第一段内容及结合文章, 主要讲的是非洲西部遭受了严重的蝗虫灾害, 现在政府和其他国家领袖正在为消灭蝗虫而做着努力。由此可知, 文章主要讲述的是一场与西非蝗虫带来的灾难作斗争的故事。故选D。
26. What can we learn abut the lcust disaster frm Paragraph 3? A. It wuld be even mre serius in Asia. B. It is ut f cntrl. C. It affected nly the warning areas. D. It cannt be stpped unless twice as much pesticide is prvided fr the affected areas. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段可知毛里塔尼亚蝗虫控制中心主任Mhamed Abdallahi Ould Babah说: “我们现在每天要处理6, 000公顷的蝗虫, 但是我们需要每天处理20, 000公顷的蝗虫, 这样才有希望控制这场灾难。”由此可知, 蝗虫灾害目前失去了控制。故选B。
27. Which f the fllwing is WRONG ? A. Sud-Fm ffers a reward fr fighting lcusts s that mre peple will jin in the effrt. B. Senegal is t the suthwest f Sudan. C. The lcusts can cause such damage mainly because it has n natural enemy in West Africa. D. 12 cuntries affected by lcusts have united but still lack pesticide. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。C选项“蝗虫能造成这样的破坏主要是因为它们在西非没有天敌”文章没有提到, C选项错误。故选C。
C(2021·吉林高一检测) Last year, the bushfires in Australia burned mre than 12. 35 millin acres f land. At least 25 peple were killed and 2000 hmes destryed. Accrding t the BBC, that was the mst casualties(伤亡) frm wildfires in the cuntry since 2009. The University f Sydney estimates that 480 millin animals have died in Suth Wales alne.
Zeke Hausfather, an energy systems analyst and climate researcher at Berkeley Earth, said warmer temperatures and extreme weather made Australia mre susceptible t fires and increased the length f the fire seasn. “The drier cnditins cmbined with recrd high temperatures in 2019 created main cnditins fr the disastrus fires. Australia’s fires were wrsened by the cmbinatin f thse tw. 2019 was the perfect strm fr being the warmest year n recrd fr Australia and the driest year n recrd fr Australia, ” Hausfather added n Friday.
Kevin Trenberth, a senir scientist at the US Natinal Center fr Atmspheric Research, said warmer cean temperatures are als cntributed t mre variable weather arund the wrld. Trenberth believes that glbal warming cntributed t energy imbalances and ht spts in the ceans, which can create a wave in the atmsphere that lcks weather patterns in places, causing lnger rain events in Indnesia, fr example, and at the same time cntributing t drught in Australia. He said that nce an area experiences drught cnditins fr tw mnths r mre, it increases the risk f fires catching and spreading. Thse changing weather patterns due t glbal warming make drught events lnger.
Climate experts stress that climate change is nt the nly factr in the severity(严重) f wildfires. Hw land is managed can als impact the amunt f fuel available fr fires. Practices like cntrlled bums and ther factrs can impact the risk t peple and prperty, such as warning systems and the type f develpment in a given area. Changing thse plicies has great ptential t limit future damage frm wildfires alng with changes t hw fire management resurces are dispatched(派遣). 【文章大意】文章介绍了澳大利亚森林大火产生的条件和蔓延的原因。
28. What are the numbers abut in Paragraph 1? A. The causes f Australian fires. B. The results f Australian fires. C. The damaged areas f Australian fires. D. The prperty destructin f Australian fires. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。由第一段第一句可知(去年, 澳大利亚的森林大火已经烧毁了超过1235万英亩的土地。至少25人死亡, 2000座房屋被毁)”可推知, 本段的数字表明森林大火产生的严重后果。故选B。
29. Which f the fllwing best explains “susceptible t” in the secnd paragraph? A. Very quickly t adapt t. B. Very seriusly t fcus n. C. Very likely t be influenced by. D. Very easily t be prtected against. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。由第二段可推测, 气温升高和极端天气更容易发生火灾, mre susceptible t 意为“更容易受到……影响”, 与C项“Very likely t be influenced by(很容易受……的影响)”意思相近。故选C。
30. What can we infer frm Trenberth’s research? A. Lnger dry weather cntributes t glbal warming. B. Glbal warming is als a main cause f the bushfires. C. Warmer cean temperatures leads t the fires directly. D. The imbalanced energy leads t the temperature rising. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。由第三段可推断, 全球气候变暖是森林火灾的根本原因。故选B。
31. What des the authr intend t d in the last paragraph? A. T stress the effects f Australia fires. B. T shw the methds fr land management. C. T predict the seriusness f Australia fires. D. T prvide sme advice abut reducing fire damage.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知, 气候专家强调, 气候变化不是森林大火严重的唯一因素。土地的管理方式也会影响火灾可用燃料的数量。诸如控制性燃烧和其他因素等做法可能会影响到人和财产的风险, 如预警系统和特定地区的开发类型。火灾管理资源分配方式改变的同时, 改变这些政策有很大的潜力来限制未来野火造成的损害。可推断在最后一段作者想要介绍一些关于减少火灾损失的建议。故选D。
D(2021·宁波高一检测)Time Travel If yu culd travel in time, where wuld yu g? Perhaps yu wuld watch a perfrmance f a Shakespeare’s play in Elizabethan England? What abut hanging ut with Lazi in the Spring and Autumn Perid? Or maybe yu’d vyage far ahead f the present day t see what the future hlds.
The pssibility f time travel is indeed appealing. Stries explring the subject have been arund fr hundreds f years. Perhaps the best knwn example is science fictin nvel The Time Machine, which was written by H. G. Wells and published in 1895 fr the first time. It was adapted int at least tw feature films f the same name, as well as tw televisin versins, and a large number f cmic bk adaptatins. It is generally credited with the ppularizatin f the cncept f time travel using a vehicle that allws an peratr t travel purpsefully and selectively. The term “time machine”, cined by Wells, is nw universally used t refer t a vehicle transprting peple int the far future.
But culd time travel actually be pssible? Sme scientists say yes, in thery. They prpse using cracks in time and space called “wrmhles”, which culd be used as shrtcuts t ther perids. Einstein’s thery f relativity allws time travel in extreme circumstances. And British physicist Stephen Hawking says yu culd travel int the future with a really fast spaceship ging at nearly the speed f light. Thugh building such a spaceship wuld f curse be n simple task. Even if yu culd travel int the past, there is smething called the “grandfather paradx”. It asks what wuld happen if a time traveler were t g back in time and have his wn grandfather killed fr sme reasns, and therefre prevent himself frm being brn. If the time traveler wasn’t brn, hw wuld he travel back in time?
And wuld yu really like t visit the future? In H. G. Wells’ bk, the main character travels int distant time where he arrives at a beach and is attacked by giant crabs. He then vyages 30 millin years int the future where the nly living thing is a black bject with tentacles(触角). If that’s what’s in stre, maybe we are better just living in the present day after all.
【文章大意】人类一直对时间旅行很感兴趣。从理论上来说, 并且根据一些科幻书籍以及科学家所说, 时间旅行是可以的。但是, 从另一个角度而言, 时间旅行未必是好事。因此作者认为我们还是生活在现在好。
32. The nvel The Time Machine mentined in Paragraph 2 aims t shw . A. the lng histry f time travelB. the cntributin f H. G. WellsC. peple’s interest in time travelD. the stry’s different features【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段可知, 时间旅行的可能性确实很吸引人。探索这个主题的故事已经有几百年了。小说The Time Machine就是一个例子。由此可推知, 在第二段中提到The Time Machine这部小说就是想表明人们对时间旅行的兴趣。故选C。
33. Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE? A. The Time Machine is ne f the best selling science fictin nvels. B. It was H. G. Wells wh invented the term “time machine”. C. Wrks f Literature abut time travel first appeared ne hundred years ag. D. There are films, cmic bks and dramas adapted frm the nvel The Time Machine. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知, “时间机器”这个术语, 由Wells创造, 现在被普遍用于指把人们运送到遥远的未来。由此可知, 是H. G. Wells发明了“时间机器”这个术语。故选B。
34. What can we knw abut Einstein’s and Hawking’s theries frm Paragraph 3? A. They have similarities because bth are based n experiments. B. They suggest the pssibility f time travel. C. They have been prved wrng by sme time travelers. D. They have pushed the inventin f the first spaceship. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句提出问题“But culd time travel actually be pssible? (但是时间旅行实际上是可能的吗? )”, 接下来举了爱因斯坦和霍金的例子, 爱因斯坦的相对论使得在极端情况下可以进行时间旅行。英国物理学家斯蒂芬霍金说, 你可以用一艘非常快的宇宙飞船以接近光速的速度旅行到未来。由此可知, 霍金和爱因斯坦的理论表明了时间旅行的可能性。故选B。
35. What des “grandfather paradx”in Paragraph 4 prbably refer t? A. The reunin f the traveler and his grandfather brings happiness. B. The traveler is prevented frm meeting his grandfather. C. The traveler ges back in time t seek fr his grandfather. D. The grandfather’s death makes the traveler’s birth impssible. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段可知, “grandfather paradx”提出一个问题: 如果一个时间旅行者回到过去, 他的祖父由于某种原因死亡, 那么时间旅行者就无法出生。如果时间旅行者没有出生, 他怎么会回到过去? 故“grandfather paradx”提出的观点就是: 祖父死亡导致时间旅行者无法出生。故选D。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2021·兰州高一检测)Hw t Deal with Being Indrs During an Earthquake Wuld yu knw what t d if yu are indrs during an earthquake? 36 Stay indrs. D nt mve utside. Many mdern buildings made f RCC (Reinfrced Cement Cncrete) are designed t withstand mderate earthquakes and are actually quite safe. 37 . Ging utside is dangerus when peple get injured frm things falling ff the building r ther buildings.
38 . Drp befre the earthquake drps yu. Use the “Drp, Cver and Hld” methd—drp nt the grund, take cver under a strng and sturdy bject and cver yur head with yur hands and arms. Hld nt whatever yu might be underneath, because if it starts t mve, yu’ll want t make sure that yu’re mving with it. Get under smething heavy. 39 If pssible, get under smething heavy like a desk r table. Cver yur head. Get dwn lw and make sure that yu are prtected frm things that might be falling in yur hme.
Find ther supprts if yu cannt shelter under smething. If yu’re nt able t get under a table r ther frms f prtectin, get next t an interir wall. Make yurself as small as pssible. Cver yur head and prtect yurself while the shaking is ging n. Stay in bed if yu are there already. If an earthquake starts while yu are in bed, the best thing is t stay there. Cver yur head and neck with yur pillw and ride ut the shaking. 40 It has been reprted that peple wh get ut f bed during an earthquake are mre likely t be injured as they may step n brken glass.
A. Drp nt the grund. B. Find a heavy desk quickly. C. Earthquakes lead t many disasters. D. D nt get ut f bed until the shaking stps. E. This simple hw-t will bring yu up t speed quickly. F. It is unlikely that yu will be able t walk during an earthquake. G. Steps and lifts are actually mre dangerus than staying indrs. 【文章大意】文章主要讲述了地震时待在室内该如何应对的建议。
36. 【解析】选E。根据上一句“你知道地震时如果你在室内该怎么做吗? ”可知此处内容与介绍地震时在室内的建议有关, 选项E“这个简单的方法会让你快速上手。”符合题意。故选E。37. 【解析】选G。根据上一句可知许多现代建筑由RCC(钢筋水泥混凝土)设计成能够承受中等强度的地震, 实际上是相当安全的。以及下一句可知当人们被从建筑物或其他建筑物上掉落的东西弄伤时, 外出是危险的。可推知此处内容与比较之下待在室内更安全有关, 选项G“楼梯和电梯实际上比待在室内更危险。”符合题意。故选G。
38. 【解析】选A。根据下文可知在地震将你击倒之前蹲下。使用“蹲下, 掩护和抓住”的方法——蹲下, 在一个坚固的物体下寻找掩护, 用手和胳膊盖住头部。可知此处内容与采用蹲在地上的方法保护自己有关, 选项A“蹲在地上。”符合题意。故选A。39. 【解析】选F。根据下一句可知如果可能的话, 躲到像书桌或桌子这样的重物下面。可知此处内容与地震时不能走路而是应该躲在重物之下保护自己有关, 选项F“地震时你是不可能走路的。”符合题意。故选F。
40. 【解析】选D。根据下一句可知据报道, 地震时从床上起来的人更容易受伤, 因为他们可能会踩到碎玻璃。可知此处内容与建议地震时不要起床走动有关, 选项D“震动停止前不要起床。”符合题意。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2021·吉林高一检测) Tree hugging (拥抱) may sund a little bit strange. But Israel has been encuraging peple t d it 41 . “In this 42 COVID-19 perid, peple have t stay away frm each ther, ” said Orit Steinfeld, manager f Israel’s Apllnia Natinal Park, “We 43 that peple arund the wrld g ut t nature, take a deep breath, hug a tree, express yur lve and get lve. ”
The park is abut 15 kilmeters nrth f Tel Aviv. Inside the park, sme visitrs 44 fllwed his advice. Barbara Grant was ne f them. “We need physical tuch t stay 45 . Withut it, many becme lnely, sad and even sick, ” he said, “We are nt hugging t many 46 these days. Hugging a tree is quite a 47 thing t d. ”
Israel is nt the 48 cuntry t ask peple t hug trees. Iceland’s Frest Service started a similar 49 in April. They advised everyne in the cuntry t 50 a tree fr at least five minutes every day. The Frest Service even shared a shrt vide shwing peple in Iceland hugging trees in the 51 . Park wrkers als 52 paths in the wds s that visitrs culd stay away frm each ther while 53 their trees. “There are a lt f trees, ” said a frest wrker in the vide, “n need fr everyne t hug the 54 tree. ”
S, if yu cannt get a human hug these days, yu knw smething yu can safely put yur 55 arund: A tree! 【文章大意】主要讲述了在这个令人不快的COVID-19时期有的国家提倡拥抱树木。
41. A. immediately B. necessarilyC. plitelyD. recently【解析】选D。句意: 拥抱树木听起来有点奇怪。但以色列最近一直在鼓励人们这样做。immediately立即; necessarily必要地; plitely礼貌地; recently最近地。根据下文可知, 在这个令人不快的新冠肺炎疫情时期, 人们不得不彼此远离, 因此可知事情发生在最近, 所以以色列最近一直在鼓励人们这样做。符合题意, 故选D。
42. A. happyB. shrtC. unpleasantD. free【解析】选C。句意: 在这个令人不愉快的新冠肺炎疫情时期, 人们不得不彼此远离。根据新冠肺炎疫情可知是疫情的爆发, 所以只有unpleasant(令人不快的)符合感情色彩, 故选C。
43. A. rderB. recmmendC. seeD. knw【解析】选B。句意: 我们建议全世界的人到大自然中去, 深呼吸拥抱一棵树, 表达你的爱, 得到爱。rder命令; recmmend建议; see看到; knw知道。分析可知, 根据上文以色列最近一直在鼓励人们拥抱树木, 可知此处使用recmmend符合题意, 表示建议, 故选B。
44. A. actuallyB. hardlyC. blindlyD. awkwardly【解析】选A。句意: 在公园里, 一些游客实际上听从了他的建议。actually实际上; hardly几乎不; blindly盲目地; awkwardly笨拙地。根据“Barbara Grant was ne f them. ”可知, 一些游客实际上听从了他的建议。故选A。
45. A. high B. warm C. healthy D. big【解析】选C。句意: 我们需要身体接触才能保持健康。根据下文“Withut it, many becme lnely, sad and even sick”可知, 没有它, 很多人会变得孤独、悲伤甚至生病, 所以我们需要身体接触才能保持健康, 故选C。
46. A. treesB. persnsC. animalsD. vlunteers【解析】选B。句意: 我们现在没有拥抱太多的人。拥抱一棵树是一件很好的事情。根据“Hugging a tree is quite a thing t d. ”可知, 拥抱一棵树是一件很好的事情, 根据nt可知正好与不拥抱人形成对比, 故选B。
47. A. badB. sillyC. luckyD. nice【解析】选D。句意: 我们现在没有拥抱太多的人。拥抱一棵树是一件很好的事情。根据上文“We need physical tuch t stay ”可知, 我们需要身体接触才能保持健康。由此可以看出, 拥抱树是一件好事, 有益的事。故选D。
48. A. firstB. richC. beautifulD. great【解析】选A。句意: 以色列不是第一个要求人们拥抱树木的国家。根据后文“Iceland’s Frest Service started a similar ”可知, 冰岛林业局在4月份也开始了类似的努力。由此可以看出以色列不是第一个要求人们拥抱树木的国家, 故选A。
49. A. matchB. meetingC. effrtD. park【解析】选C。句意: 冰岛林业局在4月份也开始了类似的努力。根据下文“They advised everyne in the cuntry t a tree fr at least five minutes every day. ”可知他们建议全国每个人每天拥抱一棵树至少五分钟。由此可以看出冰岛林业局在4月份也开始了类似的努力(建议拥抱树)。符合题意, 故选C。
50. A. plantB. hugC. paintD. buy【解析】选B。句意: 他们建议全国每个人每天拥抱一棵树至少五分钟。 根据第四段“ Hugging a tree”可知, 本文在讲述拥抱树, 故选B。
51. A. bkB. waterC. huseD. frest【解析】选D。句意: 林业局甚至还分享了一段冰岛人在森林中拥抱树的视频。根据下文“in the wds”可知, frest与之呼应, 冰岛人拥抱森林中的树木。故选D。
52. A. stppedB. clearedC. leftD. fllwed【解析】选B。句意: 公园的工作人员还清理了森林中的道路, 以便游客在寻找他们想拥抱的那棵特殊的树时可以保持社交距离。stpped停止; cleared清理; left留下; fllwed跟随。根据“visitrs culd stay away frm each ther”可知为了以便游客在寻找他们想拥抱的那棵树木时彼此远离, 所以清理了森林中的道路, 故选B。
53. A. cutting dwnB. falling dwnC. lking frD. climbing up【解析】选C。句意: 公园的工作人员还清理了森林中的道路, 以便游客在寻找他们想拥抱的那棵特殊的树时可以保持社交距离。cutting dwn削减, 砍倒; falling dwn跌倒; lking fr寻找; climbing up爬上去。公园的工作人员清理森林中的道路就是为了游客在寻找他们想拥抱的树木时彼此远离。只有lk fr(寻找)符合题意, 故选C。
54. A. sameB. littleC. dirtyD. dead【解析】选A。句意: 这里有很多树, 没必要每个人都拥抱同一棵树。根据“There are a lt f trees(有很多树)”可知, 没必要每个人都拥抱同一棵树符合题意, 故选A。
55. A. clthesB. armsC. stringD. feet【解析】选B。句意: 如果这些天你不能得到一个人的拥抱, 你知道有东西你是可以放心地拥抱的: 一棵树! 全文都在讲拥抱树, 故此处填arms符合, 表示用胳膊(拥抱), 故选B。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词后括号内单词的正确形式。 (2021·济南高一检测) My name is Ma Lili, a 56. (survive) frm the Tangshan earthquake in 1976. Many strange things happened befre the earthquake, but we didn’t take it 57. (serius). In fifteen secnds, a large city lay in 58. (ruin). The number f peple killed r badly 59. (injure) reached mre than 240, 000. My family and I 60. (bury) under the building. Luckily, sldiers came t ur rescue in time. It was reprted that Tangshan was the centre f the earthquake and tens f thusands f peple died, 61. shcked the wrld!
At that time, sme peple 62. (think) Tangshan wuld disappear frm the wrld. 63. , Tangshan sn began t breathe again. We all devted 64. (us) t rebuilding it and the city nw is becming even 65. (beautiful) than befre. 【文章大意】作者是1976年唐山大地震的幸存者, 她回忆了有关那次地震的情况。虽然伤亡240, 000多人, 损失惨重, 但唐山人民以最快的速度让这座城市涅磐重生。
56. 【解析】survivr。考查名词。不定冠词a后跟名词, 所填词应为名词, 所填词是Ma Lili的同位语, Ma Lili指人, 所以所填词也应是指人, 要填survive的名词形式, 词义为幸存者, 故填survivr。57. 【解析】seriusly。考查副词。句中谓语动词为take, 所填词修饰动词, 要用副词, 所以要填serius的副词形式, 故填seriusly。58. 【解析】ruins。考查名词复数。固定短语in ruins一片废墟, 满目疮痍, ruin要用复数形式, 故填ruins。59. 【解析】injured。考查形容词。并列连词r连接的两个部分要对称平行, r前用了过去分词作后置定语修饰peple, 所填词的逻辑主语为peple, 二者是动宾关系, 用过去分词表示被动, injured受伤的, 切题, 故填injured。
60. 【解析】were buried。考查被动语态、时态和主谓一致。句中主语My family and I是动词bury的接受者, 二者是动宾关系, 要用被动语态。主语为and连接的两个名词, 谓语动词用复数形式。地震发生在1976年, 是过去的时间, bury动作发生在过去, 用一般过去时, 故填were buried。61. 【解析】which。考查非限制性定语从句。所填词引导非限制性定语从句. . . shcked the wrld, 修饰前面整个句子, 用关系代词which, 故填which。62. 【解析】thught。考查时态。句中时间状语为At that time, 表示过去的时间点, 谓语动词要用一般过去时, 故填thught。
63. 【解析】Hwever。考查副词。上一句是wuld disappear. . . 要消失, 所填词所在句子是. . . breathe again又呼吸了, 前后句为转折关系, 要用表示转折的副词, 又因为在句首, 所以首字母大写, 故填Hwever。64. 【解析】urselves。考查反身代词。句子主语是we, 所填词作宾语, 给的是代词us, 所以要用其反身代词, devted urselves t献身于, 故填urselves。65. 【解析】mre beautiful。考查形容词比较级。句中是nw和befre比较, 是二者之间的比较, than用以引出比较的第二部分, 所以要填比较级, 所填词作表语, 形容词作表语, 要用形容词比较级, beautiful为多音节词, 故填mre beautiful。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假如你叫李华, 你们学校下周三将举行Walk fr Lve公益活动, 旨在为地震灾区人民募捐。请给你的朋友Jhn写一封电子邮件邀请他参加, 要点如下: 1. 活动的时间、地点及目的; 2. 活动的内容: 步行、捐款等。注意: 1. 词数80个左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯; 3. 开头和结尾已为你写好, 但不计入总词数。
Dear Jhn, I’d like t invite yu t jin us fr the Walk fr Lve. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Lking frward t yur reply. Yurs, Li Hua
【参考范文】Dear Jhn, I’d like t invite yu t jin us fr the Walk fr Lve. The activity spnsred by sme charitable rganizatins is intended t raise mney fr the peple in the earthquake stricken area. It is t be held n the playgrund f ur schl at 9 am next Wednesday. Students, as well as teachers, parents and spnsrs, are invited t participate in it.
The first part f the activity is 3 kilmetres walks. After that, the mney-raising part will start. I think the activity nt nly helps peple in need but is a gd chance fr us t d exercise. If yu are interested, we can g there tgether. Lking frward t yur reply. Yurs, Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2021·哈尔滨高一检测)Mary, Tm and Buddy Mary was a 17-year-ld girl with lng brwn hair and pretty eyes. Every evening she wuld take her dg, Buddy, ut fr a walk befre dinner. She had named her dg Buddy because it was very friendly t everybdy it met. But Buddy never barked (叫) at anyne r any dgs when they were ut fr their walks.
One night, smething strange happened. Fr the first time in its life, Buddy barked when they were taking a walk beside a frest. “What’s the matter, Buddy? ” Mary asked. Buddy replied in mre barks. All f a sudden, the wind grew strnger and the sky became cludier. Mary decided t turn arund and head back hme. But befre she culd, a vice called ut her name. Mary wanted t run but Buddy refused. “Wh’s there? ” Mary asked, trying t be calm. A by came ut frm the frest.
“Tm, is that yu? ” Mary asked the shy by. Tm lked dwn at the grund with his hands in his pckets. “What are yu ding, Tm? Have yu been fllwing me? ” Mary asked. “I’m srry. I didn’t mean t frighten yu, ” Tm said. Mary culd tell that he was nervus. She suddenly knew f the feelings Tm had fr her. “Wuld yu like t walk me hme, Tm? ” Mary asked finally. 注意: 续写词数应为150个左右。
Tm was t happy t answer. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In the kitchen, they made hamburgers, cakes and mre. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】 Tm was t happy t answer. Buddy reminded him by barking ludly. Then he ndded. The three tgether went back hme. On the way, Tm said “I had intended t make an aplgy t yu, fr I brke yur bike during the day. S I fllwed yu. But I am shy, thinking what if yu dn’t frgive me. S. . . ” Mary listened attentively, and came t understand what had happened. “Frget it Tm. I have had my bike repaired. ” Suddenly, an idea struck her. On arriving hme, Mary led Tm int the kitchen, telling him “Let’s ck by urselves. ”
In the kitchen, they made hamburgers, cakes and mre. They talked abut what had happened with Buddy barking delightedly nw and then, and then shared the delicius fd tgether. Tm praised buddy, petting it and saying “Thank yu Buddy! Withut yu, I culdn’t have had a chance t aplgize t Mary. ”, adding “May I be yur friends, Mary? ” Mary answered “We have been friends all the time. ” They laughed happily. What a wnderful night.
Ⅰ. 阅读填句Rck Climbing as Sprt and Art It is estimated(估计) that nine millin peple g rck climbing in the United States. Millins mre take part in the activity arund the wrld. 1 Others cmpete. Rck climbing can be dangerus. But there are many methds and prtective devices(装置)that can increase a climber’s safety. 2 Climbers have t pull themselves straight up the face f very high rcks r walls. S they have t be strng enugh t carry their wn weight. And climbers smetimes have t hld n t rcks with nly their fingers r tes.
There are several kinds f rck climbing. Traditinal rck climbing is dne utside. Climbers wear rpes and attach devices t the rcks as they climb many hundreds f meters up. They als cnnect their rpes t the devices. 3 Sprt climbing is similar. Hwever, in thse cases the prtective devices are permanently(永久地) placed in the rck. There is als indr climbing. Rck walls made f wd r cncrete have places fr the climber’s hands and feet. 4 Peple climb glaciers r frzen waterfalls instead f rcks. They use special equipment fr the ice.
And then there is buldering-climbing(巨石攀岩) rcks between three and seven meters high. 5 Many climbers like buldering because they can use less equipment. Climbers ften need nly special shes and chalk. All climbers use chalk t keep their hands dry. A. Ice climbing is exactly as it sunds. B. Sme d it just fr persnal interest. C. Sme g climbing at weekends r in hlidays. D. It is a quicker and mre intense(剧烈的)kind f climbing. E. If a climber slips, a rpe can stp him frm falling. F. Climbing takes strength, cntrl and gd balance. G. It is mre challenging and dangerus, but als mre fun.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了攀岩的一些技巧和装备, 以及其他几种不同方式的攀岩。
1. 【解析】选B。根据下文Others cmpete. 可知, B项“Sme d it just fr persnal interest”“ 一些人这样做只是为了个人兴趣”, sme和thers对应。故选B项。2. 【解析】选F。根据下文Climbers have t pull themselves straight up the face f very high rcks r walls. 可知“攀岩者不得不在很高的岩石或者攀岩墙上把自己拉上去”。F项“爬山需要力量、控制力和好的平衡力”。故选F项。3. 【解析】选E。根据上文They als cnnect their rpes t the devices. 可知“攀岩者需要把绳子连在装备上”。E项“如果一个攀岩者滑倒, 一条绳子会阻止他掉下去”, 符合题意。故选E项。
4. 【解析】选A。根据下文Peple climb glaciers r frzen waterfalls instead f rcks. They use special equipment fr the ice. 可知“当攀登冰川或者结冰的瀑布而不是攀登岩石的时候, 他们使用特别的装备”。A项“冰上攀岩就像它听起来的那样”, 符合题意, 故选A项。5. 【解析】选D。根据上文And then there is buldering-climbing rcks between three and seven meters high. 可知, 此处提到了巨石攀岩。D项“这是一种更快更剧烈的攀爬”, 是对巨石攀岩的进一步说明, 符合题意。故选D项。
Ⅱ. 概要写作阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。 Befre a child starts schl, his r her main rle mdels are his r her parents r caregivers. Parents r caregivers with high self-esteem(自尊) typically mdel this t the children, wh will gradually pick up these ideas. Thse wh are influenced by negativity(否定性, 消极态度), even if the negativity is nt twards them, will ften take the same way f thinking, leading t lw self-esteem in childhd.
Cntinual praise fr a child’s achievements plays a large part in a child’s view f himself r herself. Praising a child fr acting as expected r smething gd ften encurages him r her t repeat the same actin and frms a sense f self-wrth. Empty praise, hwever, can have the ppsite(相反的)effect. A child wh is praised fr anything will stp believing the wrds, and the empty praise will have little effect n self-esteem in childhd r pssibly a negative effect.
Prviding a child with respnsibilities based n his r her abilities is als imprtant in the develpment f self-esteem in childhd. Making a child feel like a helpful member f a family r grup, whether at hme r schl, helps t frm a higher sense f cnfidence in his r her abilities. Hwever, giving a child unfit respnsibilities r tasks can d n gd t the develpment f high self-esteem in childhd.
Each persn has strengths and weaknesses. A child can build up his r her cnfidence level when he/she is encuraged t take part in activities , which can prvide him r her with chances t wrk n weaknesses(缺点) in a helpful envirnment. Children wh are given the pprtunities t use their unique skills t help thers r imprve themselves have higher self-esteem than thse wh are nt given the same chances r wh are pushed int activities that they d nt enjy r d nt have an ability t d. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】 Several different factrs affect self-esteem in childhd, especially a child’s cmmunicatin with his parents, caregivers, and ther adult rle mdels. (要点1)Receiving praise fr achievements can build up a child’s cnfidence, (要点2)and whether r nt he is given prper respnsibilities can have an effect n his self-esteem level. (要点3)In additin, taking part in activities can aid in the develpment f a child’s self-esteem. (要点4)
Ⅲ. 单词拼写1. Anther __________(地震) hit Japan in April, leaving many peple hmeless. 2. The firefighters _______(营救)five children frm the burning huse yesterday. 3. His parents and his little brther lst their lives in the ________(灾难). 4. She tk a deep breath and sat up slwly with great _____ (努力). 5. An unhappy hme envirnment can _____ (影响) a child’s behavir. 6. I have dreams f this place and wnder what it wuld be like t _______(呼吸) this air.
7. Millins f peple were faces with starvatin(饥饿) as a result f _______(干旱) and bad harvests. 8. It is quite ften fr ________(滑坡) t take place in the suth in raining seasn. 9. The strm lasted fr a whle day and _________(毁坏) all the crps in the fields. 10. It’s kind f yu t prvide the pr by with fd and _______(补给品).
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