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高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 5 Learning from nature单元测试课后练习题
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这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 5 Learning from nature单元测试课后练习题，共14页。试卷主要包含了5分, 满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分）
(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Beijing Daxing Airprt Is Finally Open
Beijing Daxing Internatinal Airprt (PKX), als knwn as Beijing New Airprt, is the biggest airprt in the wrld. It is als the secnd internatinal airprt f Beijing alng with Beijing Capital Internatinal Airprt. The airprt's design is a pineering ne while its lcatin in Daxing District (the suthern suburbs f Beijing) is perfect fr serving the Chinese capital and the neighbring areas f Hebei and Tianjin. The new mega hub airprt (大型枢纽机场) is expected t handle up t 45 millin passengers per year by 2021 and 100 millin in the future.
Hw big is Daxing Airprt?
The gigantic Daxing Airprt, with the impressive shape which has given it the nickname "Starfish", has enrmus dimensins. There are 4 runways at present (with the hpe f becming 7 in the future) and a vast terminal building (航站楼) cvering a 700,000m2 area while the grund transprtatin centre extends t 80,000m2.
Hw many runways des Daxing Airprt have?
Fr the time being, Daxing Airprt has fur runways and 79 airprt stands. The 4 runways' size is impressive while the airprt stands are suitable fr bth ne twin-aisle (双通道) and tw single-aisle planes. Eventually, the airprt will have 7 runways in ttal and will be able t serve abut 620,000 flights every year.
Wh designed Daxing Airprt?
Daxing Airprt's terminal building is the impressive utcme f the cperatin between ADP Ingénierie (ADPI) and the architecture team f Zaha Hadid wh tragically passed away in 2016. As a result, in August 2018, Hng Kng design studi Lead 8 undertk the design f the new cmmercial terminal which is expected t meet every passenger's needs.
Hw much did Daxing Airprt cst?
The cnstructin f the mega airprt, which is expected t eventually becme the busiest airprt in the wrld, cst an unsurprisingly large amunt f mney. The Chinese gvernment is estimated t have paid abut $17.47 billin fr this great prject.
1.Daxing Airprt is built _______.
A. t serve Beijing, Hebei and Tianjin
B. nly fr the Chinese capital, Beijing
C. as the secnd biggest airprt in the wrld
D. t handle up t 45 millin passengers per year
2.What did Hng Kng design studi Lead 8 undertake?
A. The runways.B. The airprt stands.
C. The terminal building.D. The cmmercial terminal.
3.What is the purpse f the passage?
A. T intrduce Daxing Airprt.
B. T describe hw Daxing Airprt was built.
C. T attract peple t visit Daxing Airprt.
D. T discuss the imprtance f Daxing Airprt.
B
Once again, I was at a new schl. S was a girl in my class named Paris. That was where the similarities ended.
I was tall and she was small. I was ne f the ldest in the class while she was the yungest. My hair was thick, shrt and ugly while hers was lng and beautiful. I was awkward and shy. She wasn't. I culdn't stand her, cnsidering her my enemy. But she wanted t be friends.
One day, she invited me ver and I said yes — I was t shcked t say n. Actually, n ne had invited me t play befre. But this girl, wh wre the latest fashins, wanted t invite me.
She lived n the furth flr in a tw-rm place. When we gt t the rm she shared with her sister, she tk ut a big case f Barbies — which was my next surprise. I wuld have thught she had utgrwn(因长大而不适用……) them. I had never played with them. But we sat n the flr f a walk-in cupbard laughing as we made up crazy stries abut the Barbies. That's when we fund ut that we bth wanted t be writers when we were lder. We bth had wild imaginatins.
We had a great time that afternn. She shwed me her utfits, which mstly came frm a designer clthing stre dwn the blck. The wman wh wned it smetimes used her as a mdel fr her newspaper ads and gave her clthes in exchange.
Paris charmed (吸引) the whle neighbrhd. The bkstre wners lent her fashin magazines, the mvie theater gave her free passes and the pizza place let her have free pieces. Sn I was included in her magic wrld. We slept ver at each ther's huses and spent every free mment tgether. I let my hair grw ut and learned t lve being tall.
Paris, my first real friend since childhd, helped me get thrugh my tugh teenage years and taught me an amazing thing abut making friends: Yur "wrst enemy" can turn ut t be yur best friend.
1.At the time described at the beginning f the passage, the writer _______.
A.felt she had little in cmmn with Paris
B.thught highly f Paris fr being cnfident
C.felt she was nt as well-behaved as Paris
D.stayed away frm Paris because f their differences
2.The writer describes Paris as a girl wh __________.
A.knew hw t exchange servicesB.refused t grw up
C.was gd at dealing with pepleD.bught a lt f designer clthing
3.Frm the passage, we can tell that thrugh her friendship with Paris, the writer _________.
A.started t accept herselfB.als became a neighbrhd star
C.learned mre abut fashinD.was able t fit in at her new schl
4.What's the main idea f the passage?
A.Life hlds a lt f surprises fr us.
B.If yu hate the differences between yu and smene else, yu'll be bred t death.
C.Never judge a persn frm his appearance.
D.Smetimes yu can make friends if yu get past what seem differences.
C
The cnnectin between peple and plants has lng been the subject f scientific research. Recent studies have fund psitive effects. A study cnducted in Yungstwn, Ohi, fr example, discvered that greener areas f the city experienced less crime. In anther, emplyees were shwn t be 15% mre prductive when their wrkplaces were decrated with huseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT) have taken it a step further— changing the actual cmpsitin f plants in rder t get them t perfrm diverse, even unusual functins. These include plants that have sensrs printed nt their leaves t shw when they're shrt f water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in grundwater. "We're thinking abut hw we can engineer plants t replace functins f the things that we use every day," explained Michael Stran, a prfessr f chemical engineering at MIT.
One f his latest prjects has been t make plants glw (发光) in experiments using sme cmmn vegetables. Stran's team fund that they culd create a faint light fr three-and-a-half hurs. The light, abut ne-thusandth f the amunt needed t read by, is just a start. The technlgy, Stran said, culd ne day be used t light the rms r even t turn trees int self-pwered street lamps.
In the future, the team hpes t develp a versin f the technlgy that can be sprayed nt plant leaves in a ne-ff treatment that wuld last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are als trying t develp an n and ff "switch" where the glw wuld fade when expsed t daylight.
Lighting accunts fr abut 7% f the ttal electricity cnsumed in the US. Since lighting is ften far remved frm the pwer surce (电源)一such as the distance frm a pwer plant t street lamps n a remte highway — a lt f energy is lst during transmissin(传输). Glwing plants culd reduce this distance and therefre help save energy.
1.What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A.A new study f different plants.B.A big fall in crime rates
C.Emplyees frm varius wrkplaces.D.Benefits frm green plants.
2.What is the functin f the sensrs printed n plant leaves by MIT engineers?
A.T detect plants' lack f water.B.T change cmpsitins f plants.
C.T make the life f plants lnger.D.T test chemicals in plants.
3.What can we expect f the glwing plants in the future?
A.They will speed up energy prductin.B.They may transmit electricity t the hme.
C.They might help reduce energy cnsumptin.D.They culd take the place f pwer plants.
4.Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A.Can we grw mre glwing plants?B.Hw d we live with glwing plants?
C.Culd glwing plants replace lamps?D.Hw are glwing plants made pllutin-free?
D
"Birds" and "airprts" are tw wrds that, paired tgether, dn't nrmally paint the mst harmnius picture. S it really raises sme eyebrws when China annunces plans t build an airprt that is fr birds.
Described as the wrld's first-ever bird airprt, the prpsed Lingang Bird Sanctuary(保护区) in the nrthern castal city f Tianjin is, f curse, nt an actual airprt. Rather, it's a wetland preserve specifically designed t accmmdate hundreds even thusands f daily takeffs and landings by birds traveling alng the East Asian-Australasian Flyway. Over 50 species f migratry(迁徙的) water birds, sme endangered, will stp and feed at the prtected sanctuary befre cntinuing their lng jurney alng the flyway.
Lcated n a frmer landfill site, the 150-acre airprt is als pen t human travelers. (Half a millin visitrs are expected annually.) Hwever, instead f duty-free shpping, the main attractin fr nn-egg-laying creatures at Tianjin's newest airprt will be a green-rfed educatin and research center, a series f raised "bservatin platfrms" and a netwrk f scenic walking and cycling paths ttaling ver 4 miles.
"The prpsed Bird Airprt will be a glbally significant sanctuary fr endangered migratry bird species, while prviding new green lungs fr the city f Tianjin." Adrian McGregr f an Australian landscape architecture firm explained f the design. Frequently blanketed in smg s thick that it has shut dwn real airprts, Tianjin is a city—China's furth mst ppulus—that wuld certainly benefit frm a new pair f healthy green lungs.
1. What des the underlined phrase nn-egg-laying creatures" in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Visitrs.B. Designers.C. Endangered water birds.D. Planes.
2.What d we knw abut the airprt accrding t the passage?
A. Peple cannt watch birds up clse here.
B. It is lcated n a 150-acre landfill site.
C. It functins as an actual airprt and a wetland preserve.
D. It prvides migratry birds with fd and shelter.
3. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. The airprt will becme a permanent hme fr birds.
B. Tianjin will win wrldwide fame in the future.
C. Tianjin's air quality will imprve thanks t the airprt.
D. Tianjin will be able t accmmdate mre peple.
4. What des this passage mainly tell us?
A. Airprts shut dwn and pen up.
B. China is t pen the first bird airprt.
C. Airprts turn int green lungs.
D. Birds are n lnger enemies t airprts.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Radar is an electrnic device that detects planes, ships, castlines, landmarks, and even strm cluds. The name radar cmes frm the first letters f the wrds radi detectin and ranging. As the human eye uses light waves t see, radar "sees" with radi waves. Withut radar, planes culd nt land safely in bad weather and ships culd nt mve safely in thick fg. ① _____ In the 1800s it was discvered that radi waves culd be reflected frm bjects. But scientists did nt make great advances in radar research until the 1930s, when the wrld was threatened by war. ②_____ It has been widely used in almst every cnflict since then.
Eches make it pssible fr radar t wrk. When a beam f radi waves is sent ut, it strikes an bject and returns an ech. This ech is picked up by radar and recrded n a screen similar t a televisin screen. On the screen an bserver sees a flash, r a blip that shws the directin f the bject and distance. ③_____
Airprt cntrl twers use radar t guide planes in fr safe landings. Almst all large ships depend n radar t prevent cllisins with icebergs r ther ships. ④_____ Weather frecasters "see" the size, directin, and speed f strms n radar screens. Astrnmers can even use radar t accurately measure the distance t the mn. Thus, the device has generated majr advancements.
⑤_____ Huge radar antennas have been installed all ver the United States. They guard us against pssible enemy attacks. We have ballistic missiles (弹道导弹) warning systems that can alert us t attacks when missiles are mre than 1,000 miles away. Other radar systems warn us against enemy aircraft and even spying space satellites.
A.Plice track speeders in radar-equipped cars.
B.These measurements are nw highly accurate.
C.The device can be used in a wide range f fields.
D.During Wrld War II many cuntries used radar effectively.
E.It is therefre especially valuable t shippers and travelers.
F.Tday radar is used by cmmercial airliners and weather frecasters.
G.Strengthening natinal defense is ne f radar's mst imprtant functins.
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节,满分30分）
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
The wrld's yungest DJ wh is just tw years ld has thusands f fans thanks t his ability.
Oratilwe Hlngwane, whse DJ name is AJ, is 1 learning t put tgether wrds, but the baby is already able t 2 and play music frm a laptp and has becme famus in Suth Africa. His ability has even 3 him special appearances, with fans 4 t hear his bass-heavy huse music.
His recent 5 at a supermarket near his hme in Jhannesburg 6 a large crwd as he mved his head t the 7 , with large headphnes arund his neck. His mther, Refile Marum, 8 his success t his father Glen Hlngwane's decisin t buy an iPad fr his then unbrn sn. Mr. Hlngwane, a gymnastics cach and 9 DJ, had planned t dwnlad sme educatinal apps fr the child as well as a DJ app fr himself.
A mbile phne recrding f him playing music was shared nline and the yungster nw has nearly 25,000 Facebk 10 . Hwever, sme peple 11 his parents f abusing and making mney frm their child's ability. Mr. Hlngwane said he wuld nt " 12 his kid" and that he wasn't allwed t play in clubs r at parties 13 his age. The parents als insisted that they wuld nt 14 their sn t be a DJ when he grew up. They believed his interest in electrnic equipment wuld prbably decide his future. Mr. Hlngwane added, "I can see a 15 Bill Gates here."
B.still C.therefre D.merely
B.adpt C.select D.tease
B.exchanged C.risked D.updated
B.unwilling C.admirable D.apprpriate
B.cmpetitin C.reputatin D.appearance
B.benefited C.attracted D.disappinted
B.flash C.pattern D.beat
B.accustmed C.appealed D.wed
B.cautius C.devted D.ridiculus
B.fllwers C.spnsrs D.experts
B.acquired C.accused D.cnvinced
charge f B.take pssessin f C.take advantage f D.take place f
t B.in spite f C.rather than D.as well as
B.allw C.dubt D.frce
B.cntemprary C.future D.predictable
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We're s familiar with nature that we seldm take ① _____ secnd thught abut it, but sme artists take inspiratin frm it. Barcelna's frest-like Sagrada Familia and Beijing's Water Cube are gd ②_____ (example). Singapre's ArtScience Museum is anther example fr peple t enjy the ③_____ (explre) f the relatinship between art and science. The building was designed ④_____ (shw) the cnnectin between nature and the mdem city envirnment in which it sits. Besides, Harare's Eastgate Centre, ⑤_____ was created by Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce while he was watching a nature dcumentary ⑥_____ which termites were cnstructing their nests, ⑦_____ a superb example f bimimicry. Als, the wrld's first algae-pwered building is in Hamburg, Germany, whse surface ⑧_____ (cver) in panels that cntain algae and the algae are fed with liquid nutrients and carbn dixide t encurage them t grw. These buildings enable us t live in clser ⑨ _____ (harmnius) with ur envirnment. It may be a challenge t meet the needs f tday while prtecting the wrld f tmrrw, ⑩ _____ even the simplest rganisms can help teach us hw t achieve this.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分）
(满分15分)
假定你是李华, 你们学校下周准备举行一次中西文化差异的讲座。请你写信给你同城的英国朋友Tm邀请他来参加讲座, 内容包括:
1.讲座时间、地点;
2.讲座内容:中西文化差异;
3.告知是否参加讲座。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已经给出, 不计入总词数。
Dear Tm, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
(满分25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
We have a pit bull (比特犬). We fund him a few weeks ag, walking alng the rad in a rural area. He jumping n cars, we thught maybe his family was camping smewhere nearby, s we passed him by. A few hurs later, n ur return trip, he was still in the same place, again, trying t get flks t stp fr him. When he saw us, he laid dwn in the middle f the rad, s we were unable t get arund him.
We stpped the car and lked arund fr a few minutes, trying t figure ut if anyne was arund frm whm he was separated. It didn't appear s. Then, we tk a gd lk at the dg. He had n cllar and he was really thin. We decided he was abandned.
My husband said, "If he desn't bite me when I try t pick him up t put him in the car, then we have a new dg. The dg happily jined us with n fight at all. The nly thing we were in danger f was getting licked t death. He kept sticking his head between the tw frnt seats and thanking us fr picking him up.
The dg was clearly n the rad fr sme time. He was extremely underweight. He was cvered in scars and new wunds. We have guessed that sme f the scars were frm when he was n the rad. We thught f pssible fights with cytes, but he als lked as thugh he was used t fighting ther dgs. We figured his incredibly sweet persnality was the reasn he was abandned. He can't have been a gd fighting dg.
Therefre, we fed him a lt ver the curse f the next tw weeks and he gained ver twenty punds.
Paragraph 1 :
We tk him t the vet, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2 :
Nw we all lve the dg very much. He nce helped save me frm truble.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A.答案：1-3 ADA
解析：1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中The airprt's design is a pineering ne while its lcatin in Daxing District（the suthern suburbs f Beijing）is perfect fr serving the Chinese capital and the neighbring areas f Hebei and Tianin.可知，大兴国际机场修建的目的是为北京以及河北和天津服务，故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据第四段中As a result，in August 2018, Hng Kng design studi Lead 8 undertk the design f the new cmmercial terminal which is expected t meet every passenger's needs.可知，香港设计工作室Lead 8承担了新的商业航站楼的设计工作，故选D。
3. 推理判断题。本文介绍了北京大兴国际机场的地理位置、占地面积以及建造情况，可知A项为正确答案。
B.答案：1-4.ACAD
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第一、第二段的内容可知,一开始作者认为她和Paris除了都是学校的新生外没有其他共同点,故选A。
2.考查推理判断。从文章倒数第二段的内容可以看出,Paris很擅长和人打交道,很多人都喜欢她,给她提供很多免费服务。故选C。
3.考查推理判断。从最后两段内容,尤其是倒数第二段最后一句可知,作者开始接受自己。
4.考查主旨大意。作者从一开始觉得她与Paris不可能成为朋友,到慢慢发现其实她们也有共同之处,而且相处地非常开心,到文章最后再次强调本以为不可能成为朋友的人也可能成为好朋友, 由此可知D项最符合文意。
C.答案：1-4.DACC
解析：1.考查段落大意。根据第一段第二句"Recent studies have fund psitive effects"及本段中的"greener areas f the city experienced less crime"和"emplyees were shwn t be 15% mre prductive when their wrkplaces were decrated with huseplants"可知,D选项"Benefits frm green plants"能概括本段内容。
2.考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句中的"These include plants that have sensrs printed nt their leaves t shw when they're shrt f water"可知,A选项正确。根据该句后半部分"a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in grundwater"可知,干扰项D选项错误。
3.考查推理判断。根据最后一段的内容尤其是最后一句"Glwing plants culd reduce this distance and therefre help save energy"可推知,在未来发光的植物可能有助于减少能源消耗。
4.考查标题判断。文章第一段点明植物的积极作用;第二段是有关植物的其他方面的功能的研究;第三段说明最新的研究表明植物可以发光;第四段是有关将来要开发的一种用在植物叶子上的技术及研究植物发光是否可以"打开"和"关上";第五段表述能量在传输中损失很多,或许发光植物可以解决这一问题。故C选项(发光的植物能代替灯吗?)最能凸显本文主题。
D.答案：1-4 ADCB
解析：1.词义猜测题。根据划线词前instead f duty-free shpping 及划线词后a green-rfed educatin and research center, a series f raised "bservatin platfrms" and a netwrk f scenic walking and cycling paths ttaling ver 4 miles 可知, 天津“候鸟机场”保护区对游客的主要吸引力将是一个绿色屋顶的教育和研究中心, 观赏台以及一个总长超过4英里的风景优美的步行道和自行车道组成的网状系统, 而不是免税购物, 由此可知划线词词义为“游客”, 故A项正确。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中"ver 50 species f migratry water birds, sme endangered, will stp and feed at the prtected sanctuary befre cntinuing their lng jurney alng the flyway." 可知, 候鸟可以在机场保护区停留和吃东西, 然后继续飞行, 也就是说机场保护区可以为候鸟提供食物和住所, 故D项正确。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段可知, 天津的空气质量和环境会因为这个“候鸟机场”保护区得到很大的改善, 故C 项正确。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文, 特别是根据第二段可知, 本文主要介绍了中国将在天津建立“候鸟机场”保护区的计划以及具体规划内容和其重大意义, 故B项正确。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ EDBAG
解析：①根据设空处前一句Withut radar, planes culd nt land safely in bad weather and ships culd nt mve safely in thick fg.可知，雷达在飞机着陆和船只航海中起着巨大的作用，因此，雷达对航运商和旅行者特别有价值，故选E。
②在上文内容But scientists did nt make great advances in radar research until the 1930s, when the wrld was threatened by war.中捕捉到关键词war，所以设空处的内容会涉及war，故D项"在第二次世界大战期间，许多国家有效地使用了雷达"符合本段内容，故选D。
③根据前一句On the screen an bserver sees a flash, r a blip that shws the directin f the bject and distance.可知，在屏幕上，观察者看到显示物体的方向和距离的闪光或光点，现在这些测量值已经高度精确了。故选B。
④根据本段中的Almst all large ships depend n radar t prevent cllisins with icebergs r ther ships. ④____ Weather frecasters "see" the size, directin, and speed f strms r radar screens. Astrnmers can even use radar t accurately measure the distance t the mn.可知，这一段主要讲了雷达在各个领域的用途，A项为雷达对警察的作用，故选A。
⑤根据后文Huge radar antennas have been installed all ver the United States. They guard us against pssible enemy attacks. We have ballistic missiles（弹道导弹）warning systems that can alert us t attacks when missiles are mre than 1,000 miles away. Other radar systems warn us against enemy aircraft and even spying space satellites.可知，这一段主要讲了雷达在国防领域的重要作用，故选G。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
答案：1-5BCAAD;6-10CDDCB;11-15CCADC
解析：1. 根据but the baby可知他还是个婴儿，还在学习说话。never从不；still仍然；therefre因此；merely仅仅。故选B。
2. 根据and play music at a laptp可知是从笔记本电脑上挑选和播放音乐。create创造；adpt采取；select选择；tease取笑。故选C。
3. 此处表示"他的能力甚至为他赢得了特别的出场机会"。earn赚取，赢得；exchange交换；risk冒险；update更新。故选A。
4. 作为粉丝，当然是迫切地想听到他的音乐。desperate渴望的；unwilling不情愿的；admirable令人钦佩的；apprpriate合适的。故选A。
5. 根据下文as he mved his head可知此处表示他的出现。mvement运动，活动；cmpetitin比赛；reputatin名声，声誉；appearance出现，外表。故选D。
6.根据上文The wrld's yungest DJ wh is just tw years ld has thusands f fans可推断他的出现吸引了很多人。mve移动；benefit使受益；attract吸引 disappint使失望。故选C。
7. 根据with large headphnes arund his neck可知他脖子上挂着耳机，他的头跟着节拍动，rhyme押韵；flash闪光；pattern图案；beat节拍。故选D。
8. 根据下文his success t his father Glen Hlngwane's decisin t buy an iPad fr his then unbrn sn可知他的母亲Refile Marum将他的成功归功于他的父亲Glen Hlngwane为他未出生的儿子买苹果平板电脑的决定。固定搭配we ne's success t把某人的成功归功于。故选D。
9.根据as well as a DJ app fr himself可知他自己也是一名忠实的DJ。allergic过敏的；cautius小心的；devted忠实的；ridiculus荒谬的。故选C。
10. 根据has nearly 25,000 Facebk可知这些人是他的粉丝。一段他演奏音乐的手机录像在网上被分享，现在这个年轻人在Facebk上有近2.5万名粉丝。cmpetitr竞争者；fllwer拥护者，追随者；spnsr赞助商；expert专家。故选B。
11.根据abusing and making mney可知，一些人指责他的父母滥用他们孩子的能力并从中赚钱。accmplish完成；acquire获得；accuse控告，指责；cnvince使确信。固定短语accuse sb.f ding sth.控告/指责某人做某事。故选C。
12. 根据下文and said he wasn't allwed t play in clubs r at parties可知他父亲是不会利用他的孩子谋财的。take charge f接管，负责；take pssessin f占有，占领；take advantage f利用；take place f代替，取代。故选C。
13. 由于他只有两岁，因此不被允许在俱乐部或派对上演奏。due t由于；in spite f尽管，不顾；rather than而不是；even if即使，虽然。故选A。
14. 根据t be a DJ when he grew up以及but可知他的父母不会强迫他长大后当DJ。demand需要；allw允许；dubt怀疑；frce强迫。故选D。
15.根据上文中wuld prbably decide his future可知，这里指"未来的比尔·盖茨"。realistic现实的；cntemprary同时代的；future将来的；predictable可预言的。故选C。
第二节
答案：①a ②examples ③explratin ④t shw ⑤which ⑥in ⑦is ⑧is cvered ⑨harmny ⑩but
解析：①考查冠词。句意：我们对大自然是如此熟悉，以至于我们很少进一步去想它，但是一些艺术家却从中获得灵感。a secnd thught进一步考虑。
②考查名词复数。句意：巴塞罗那的森林般的圣家堂和北京的水立方就是很好的例子。根据主语和are可知设空处应为复数，故填examples。
③考查词性转换。句意：新加坡的艺术科学博物馆是另一个让人们享受探索艺术与科学之间的关系的例子。设空处位于the和f之间，应用名词形式，故填explratin。
④考查非谓语动词。be designed t d sth.为做某事而设计。
⑤考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，____ was created by Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce while he was watching a nature dcumentary in which termites were cnstructing their nests是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Harare's Eastgate Centre，指物，从句中缺少主语，故填which。
⑥这里指在纪录片里，白蚁正在建造它们的巢穴，设空处与which共同引导定语从句，由先行词nature dcumentary可知这里用in。
⑦考查动词的时态和主谓一致。Harare's Eastgate Centre是主句的主语，为单数，这里又是对事物的客观介绍，应用一般现在时，故填is。
⑧考查动词的时态和语态。句意：此外，世界上第一座以藻类为动力的建筑位于德国汉堡，其表面覆盖着含有藻类的面板，藻类被喂食液体营养物和二氧化碳以促进它们的生长。分析句子结构可知，whse surface _____（cver）in panels是定语从句，设空处作从句的谓语，surface和cver之间是被动关系，此处又是对事物的客观介绍，应用一般现在时的被动语态，结合主语surface可知填is cvered。
⑨考查名词。in harmny with与……协调/一致，是固定搭配。
⑩考查连词。句意：在保护未来世界的同时满足今天的需求可能是一个挑战，但即使是最简单的生物体也可以帮助教会我们如何实现这一点。两个分句之间为转折关系，故填but。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：One pssible versin:
Dear Tm,
I am writing t invite yu t attend a lecture held at the lecture hall n Friday evening, frm 7 pm t 9 pm.
Since the lecture is abut the similarities and differences between western and eastern cultures, I'm sure yu will be interested in it. What's mre, the lecturer will set aside 30 minutes t answer all the questins raised by us students, which will make yu have a better understanding f cultural differences.
Wuld yu please drp me a line t let me knw if yu can cme? Lk frward t yur early reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
We tk him t the vet, wh said the dg appears t be in gd health, despite his having been abandned. He figured ut the dg is abut tw r three years f age, frm the cnditin f his teeth. Then the vet gave him all the required shts and applied sme medicine t the scars and new wunds. Abut a mnth later, the dg changed int a strng and lvely ne. He is bth sweet and gentle.
Paragraph 2:
Nw we all lve the dg very much. He nce helped save me frm truble. One day my husband went t wrk in a hurry, frgetting t turn ff the gas. I was sleeping sundly when I heard the dg barking like crazy. I was wken up, realising smething unusual must have happened in ur huse. It turned ut that the huse was filled with gas, which made me in danger. I wed it t the dg that I avided a disaster. The pit bull has becme a member f u family.
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分）
(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Beijing Daxing Airprt Is Finally Open
Beijing Daxing Internatinal Airprt (PKX), als knwn as Beijing New Airprt, is the biggest airprt in the wrld. It is als the secnd internatinal airprt f Beijing alng with Beijing Capital Internatinal Airprt. The airprt's design is a pineering ne while its lcatin in Daxing District (the suthern suburbs f Beijing) is perfect fr serving the Chinese capital and the neighbring areas f Hebei and Tianjin. The new mega hub airprt (大型枢纽机场) is expected t handle up t 45 millin passengers per year by 2021 and 100 millin in the future.
Hw big is Daxing Airprt?
The gigantic Daxing Airprt, with the impressive shape which has given it the nickname "Starfish", has enrmus dimensins. There are 4 runways at present (with the hpe f becming 7 in the future) and a vast terminal building (航站楼) cvering a 700,000m2 area while the grund transprtatin centre extends t 80,000m2.
Hw many runways des Daxing Airprt have?
Fr the time being, Daxing Airprt has fur runways and 79 airprt stands. The 4 runways' size is impressive while the airprt stands are suitable fr bth ne twin-aisle (双通道) and tw single-aisle planes. Eventually, the airprt will have 7 runways in ttal and will be able t serve abut 620,000 flights every year.
Wh designed Daxing Airprt?
Daxing Airprt's terminal building is the impressive utcme f the cperatin between ADP Ingénierie (ADPI) and the architecture team f Zaha Hadid wh tragically passed away in 2016. As a result, in August 2018, Hng Kng design studi Lead 8 undertk the design f the new cmmercial terminal which is expected t meet every passenger's needs.
Hw much did Daxing Airprt cst?
The cnstructin f the mega airprt, which is expected t eventually becme the busiest airprt in the wrld, cst an unsurprisingly large amunt f mney. The Chinese gvernment is estimated t have paid abut $17.47 billin fr this great prject.
1.Daxing Airprt is built _______.
A. t serve Beijing, Hebei and Tianjin
B. nly fr the Chinese capital, Beijing
C. as the secnd biggest airprt in the wrld
D. t handle up t 45 millin passengers per year
2.What did Hng Kng design studi Lead 8 undertake?
A. The runways.B. The airprt stands.
C. The terminal building.D. The cmmercial terminal.
3.What is the purpse f the passage?
A. T intrduce Daxing Airprt.
B. T describe hw Daxing Airprt was built.
C. T attract peple t visit Daxing Airprt.
D. T discuss the imprtance f Daxing Airprt.
B
Once again, I was at a new schl. S was a girl in my class named Paris. That was where the similarities ended.
I was tall and she was small. I was ne f the ldest in the class while she was the yungest. My hair was thick, shrt and ugly while hers was lng and beautiful. I was awkward and shy. She wasn't. I culdn't stand her, cnsidering her my enemy. But she wanted t be friends.
One day, she invited me ver and I said yes — I was t shcked t say n. Actually, n ne had invited me t play befre. But this girl, wh wre the latest fashins, wanted t invite me.
She lived n the furth flr in a tw-rm place. When we gt t the rm she shared with her sister, she tk ut a big case f Barbies — which was my next surprise. I wuld have thught she had utgrwn(因长大而不适用……) them. I had never played with them. But we sat n the flr f a walk-in cupbard laughing as we made up crazy stries abut the Barbies. That's when we fund ut that we bth wanted t be writers when we were lder. We bth had wild imaginatins.
We had a great time that afternn. She shwed me her utfits, which mstly came frm a designer clthing stre dwn the blck. The wman wh wned it smetimes used her as a mdel fr her newspaper ads and gave her clthes in exchange.
Paris charmed (吸引) the whle neighbrhd. The bkstre wners lent her fashin magazines, the mvie theater gave her free passes and the pizza place let her have free pieces. Sn I was included in her magic wrld. We slept ver at each ther's huses and spent every free mment tgether. I let my hair grw ut and learned t lve being tall.
Paris, my first real friend since childhd, helped me get thrugh my tugh teenage years and taught me an amazing thing abut making friends: Yur "wrst enemy" can turn ut t be yur best friend.
1.At the time described at the beginning f the passage, the writer _______.
A.felt she had little in cmmn with Paris
B.thught highly f Paris fr being cnfident
C.felt she was nt as well-behaved as Paris
D.stayed away frm Paris because f their differences
2.The writer describes Paris as a girl wh __________.
A.knew hw t exchange servicesB.refused t grw up
C.was gd at dealing with pepleD.bught a lt f designer clthing
3.Frm the passage, we can tell that thrugh her friendship with Paris, the writer _________.
A.started t accept herselfB.als became a neighbrhd star
C.learned mre abut fashinD.was able t fit in at her new schl
4.What's the main idea f the passage?
A.Life hlds a lt f surprises fr us.
B.If yu hate the differences between yu and smene else, yu'll be bred t death.
C.Never judge a persn frm his appearance.
D.Smetimes yu can make friends if yu get past what seem differences.
C
The cnnectin between peple and plants has lng been the subject f scientific research. Recent studies have fund psitive effects. A study cnducted in Yungstwn, Ohi, fr example, discvered that greener areas f the city experienced less crime. In anther, emplyees were shwn t be 15% mre prductive when their wrkplaces were decrated with huseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT) have taken it a step further— changing the actual cmpsitin f plants in rder t get them t perfrm diverse, even unusual functins. These include plants that have sensrs printed nt their leaves t shw when they're shrt f water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in grundwater. "We're thinking abut hw we can engineer plants t replace functins f the things that we use every day," explained Michael Stran, a prfessr f chemical engineering at MIT.
One f his latest prjects has been t make plants glw (发光) in experiments using sme cmmn vegetables. Stran's team fund that they culd create a faint light fr three-and-a-half hurs. The light, abut ne-thusandth f the amunt needed t read by, is just a start. The technlgy, Stran said, culd ne day be used t light the rms r even t turn trees int self-pwered street lamps.
In the future, the team hpes t develp a versin f the technlgy that can be sprayed nt plant leaves in a ne-ff treatment that wuld last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are als trying t develp an n and ff "switch" where the glw wuld fade when expsed t daylight.
Lighting accunts fr abut 7% f the ttal electricity cnsumed in the US. Since lighting is ften far remved frm the pwer surce (电源)一such as the distance frm a pwer plant t street lamps n a remte highway — a lt f energy is lst during transmissin(传输). Glwing plants culd reduce this distance and therefre help save energy.
1.What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A.A new study f different plants.B.A big fall in crime rates
C.Emplyees frm varius wrkplaces.D.Benefits frm green plants.
2.What is the functin f the sensrs printed n plant leaves by MIT engineers?
A.T detect plants' lack f water.B.T change cmpsitins f plants.
C.T make the life f plants lnger.D.T test chemicals in plants.
3.What can we expect f the glwing plants in the future?
A.They will speed up energy prductin.B.They may transmit electricity t the hme.
C.They might help reduce energy cnsumptin.D.They culd take the place f pwer plants.
4.Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A.Can we grw mre glwing plants?B.Hw d we live with glwing plants?
C.Culd glwing plants replace lamps?D.Hw are glwing plants made pllutin-free?
D
"Birds" and "airprts" are tw wrds that, paired tgether, dn't nrmally paint the mst harmnius picture. S it really raises sme eyebrws when China annunces plans t build an airprt that is fr birds.
Described as the wrld's first-ever bird airprt, the prpsed Lingang Bird Sanctuary(保护区) in the nrthern castal city f Tianjin is, f curse, nt an actual airprt. Rather, it's a wetland preserve specifically designed t accmmdate hundreds even thusands f daily takeffs and landings by birds traveling alng the East Asian-Australasian Flyway. Over 50 species f migratry(迁徙的) water birds, sme endangered, will stp and feed at the prtected sanctuary befre cntinuing their lng jurney alng the flyway.
Lcated n a frmer landfill site, the 150-acre airprt is als pen t human travelers. (Half a millin visitrs are expected annually.) Hwever, instead f duty-free shpping, the main attractin fr nn-egg-laying creatures at Tianjin's newest airprt will be a green-rfed educatin and research center, a series f raised "bservatin platfrms" and a netwrk f scenic walking and cycling paths ttaling ver 4 miles.
"The prpsed Bird Airprt will be a glbally significant sanctuary fr endangered migratry bird species, while prviding new green lungs fr the city f Tianjin." Adrian McGregr f an Australian landscape architecture firm explained f the design. Frequently blanketed in smg s thick that it has shut dwn real airprts, Tianjin is a city—China's furth mst ppulus—that wuld certainly benefit frm a new pair f healthy green lungs.
1. What des the underlined phrase nn-egg-laying creatures" in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Visitrs.B. Designers.C. Endangered water birds.D. Planes.
2.What d we knw abut the airprt accrding t the passage?
A. Peple cannt watch birds up clse here.
B. It is lcated n a 150-acre landfill site.
C. It functins as an actual airprt and a wetland preserve.
D. It prvides migratry birds with fd and shelter.
3. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. The airprt will becme a permanent hme fr birds.
B. Tianjin will win wrldwide fame in the future.
C. Tianjin's air quality will imprve thanks t the airprt.
D. Tianjin will be able t accmmdate mre peple.
4. What des this passage mainly tell us?
A. Airprts shut dwn and pen up.
B. China is t pen the first bird airprt.
C. Airprts turn int green lungs.
D. Birds are n lnger enemies t airprts.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Radar is an electrnic device that detects planes, ships, castlines, landmarks, and even strm cluds. The name radar cmes frm the first letters f the wrds radi detectin and ranging. As the human eye uses light waves t see, radar "sees" with radi waves. Withut radar, planes culd nt land safely in bad weather and ships culd nt mve safely in thick fg. ① _____ In the 1800s it was discvered that radi waves culd be reflected frm bjects. But scientists did nt make great advances in radar research until the 1930s, when the wrld was threatened by war. ②_____ It has been widely used in almst every cnflict since then.
Eches make it pssible fr radar t wrk. When a beam f radi waves is sent ut, it strikes an bject and returns an ech. This ech is picked up by radar and recrded n a screen similar t a televisin screen. On the screen an bserver sees a flash, r a blip that shws the directin f the bject and distance. ③_____
Airprt cntrl twers use radar t guide planes in fr safe landings. Almst all large ships depend n radar t prevent cllisins with icebergs r ther ships. ④_____ Weather frecasters "see" the size, directin, and speed f strms n radar screens. Astrnmers can even use radar t accurately measure the distance t the mn. Thus, the device has generated majr advancements.
⑤_____ Huge radar antennas have been installed all ver the United States. They guard us against pssible enemy attacks. We have ballistic missiles (弹道导弹) warning systems that can alert us t attacks when missiles are mre than 1,000 miles away. Other radar systems warn us against enemy aircraft and even spying space satellites.
A.Plice track speeders in radar-equipped cars.
B.These measurements are nw highly accurate.
C.The device can be used in a wide range f fields.
D.During Wrld War II many cuntries used radar effectively.
E.It is therefre especially valuable t shippers and travelers.
F.Tday radar is used by cmmercial airliners and weather frecasters.
G.Strengthening natinal defense is ne f radar's mst imprtant functins.
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节,满分30分）
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
The wrld's yungest DJ wh is just tw years ld has thusands f fans thanks t his ability.
Oratilwe Hlngwane, whse DJ name is AJ, is 1 learning t put tgether wrds, but the baby is already able t 2 and play music frm a laptp and has becme famus in Suth Africa. His ability has even 3 him special appearances, with fans 4 t hear his bass-heavy huse music.
His recent 5 at a supermarket near his hme in Jhannesburg 6 a large crwd as he mved his head t the 7 , with large headphnes arund his neck. His mther, Refile Marum, 8 his success t his father Glen Hlngwane's decisin t buy an iPad fr his then unbrn sn. Mr. Hlngwane, a gymnastics cach and 9 DJ, had planned t dwnlad sme educatinal apps fr the child as well as a DJ app fr himself.
A mbile phne recrding f him playing music was shared nline and the yungster nw has nearly 25,000 Facebk 10 . Hwever, sme peple 11 his parents f abusing and making mney frm their child's ability. Mr. Hlngwane said he wuld nt " 12 his kid" and that he wasn't allwed t play in clubs r at parties 13 his age. The parents als insisted that they wuld nt 14 their sn t be a DJ when he grew up. They believed his interest in electrnic equipment wuld prbably decide his future. Mr. Hlngwane added, "I can see a 15 Bill Gates here."
B.still C.therefre D.merely
B.adpt C.select D.tease
B.exchanged C.risked D.updated
B.unwilling C.admirable D.apprpriate
B.cmpetitin C.reputatin D.appearance
B.benefited C.attracted D.disappinted
B.flash C.pattern D.beat
B.accustmed C.appealed D.wed
B.cautius C.devted D.ridiculus
B.fllwers C.spnsrs D.experts
B.acquired C.accused D.cnvinced
charge f B.take pssessin f C.take advantage f D.take place f
t B.in spite f C.rather than D.as well as
B.allw C.dubt D.frce
B.cntemprary C.future D.predictable
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We're s familiar with nature that we seldm take ① _____ secnd thught abut it, but sme artists take inspiratin frm it. Barcelna's frest-like Sagrada Familia and Beijing's Water Cube are gd ②_____ (example). Singapre's ArtScience Museum is anther example fr peple t enjy the ③_____ (explre) f the relatinship between art and science. The building was designed ④_____ (shw) the cnnectin between nature and the mdem city envirnment in which it sits. Besides, Harare's Eastgate Centre, ⑤_____ was created by Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce while he was watching a nature dcumentary ⑥_____ which termites were cnstructing their nests, ⑦_____ a superb example f bimimicry. Als, the wrld's first algae-pwered building is in Hamburg, Germany, whse surface ⑧_____ (cver) in panels that cntain algae and the algae are fed with liquid nutrients and carbn dixide t encurage them t grw. These buildings enable us t live in clser ⑨ _____ (harmnius) with ur envirnment. It may be a challenge t meet the needs f tday while prtecting the wrld f tmrrw, ⑩ _____ even the simplest rganisms can help teach us hw t achieve this.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分）
(满分15分)
假定你是李华, 你们学校下周准备举行一次中西文化差异的讲座。请你写信给你同城的英国朋友Tm邀请他来参加讲座, 内容包括:
1.讲座时间、地点;
2.讲座内容:中西文化差异;
3.告知是否参加讲座。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已经给出, 不计入总词数。
Dear Tm, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
(满分25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
We have a pit bull (比特犬). We fund him a few weeks ag, walking alng the rad in a rural area. He jumping n cars, we thught maybe his family was camping smewhere nearby, s we passed him by. A few hurs later, n ur return trip, he was still in the same place, again, trying t get flks t stp fr him. When he saw us, he laid dwn in the middle f the rad, s we were unable t get arund him.
We stpped the car and lked arund fr a few minutes, trying t figure ut if anyne was arund frm whm he was separated. It didn't appear s. Then, we tk a gd lk at the dg. He had n cllar and he was really thin. We decided he was abandned.
My husband said, "If he desn't bite me when I try t pick him up t put him in the car, then we have a new dg. The dg happily jined us with n fight at all. The nly thing we were in danger f was getting licked t death. He kept sticking his head between the tw frnt seats and thanking us fr picking him up.
The dg was clearly n the rad fr sme time. He was extremely underweight. He was cvered in scars and new wunds. We have guessed that sme f the scars were frm when he was n the rad. We thught f pssible fights with cytes, but he als lked as thugh he was used t fighting ther dgs. We figured his incredibly sweet persnality was the reasn he was abandned. He can't have been a gd fighting dg.
Therefre, we fed him a lt ver the curse f the next tw weeks and he gained ver twenty punds.
Paragraph 1 :
We tk him t the vet, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2 :
Nw we all lve the dg very much. He nce helped save me frm truble.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A.答案：1-3 ADA
解析：1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中The airprt's design is a pineering ne while its lcatin in Daxing District（the suthern suburbs f Beijing）is perfect fr serving the Chinese capital and the neighbring areas f Hebei and Tianin.可知，大兴国际机场修建的目的是为北京以及河北和天津服务，故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据第四段中As a result，in August 2018, Hng Kng design studi Lead 8 undertk the design f the new cmmercial terminal which is expected t meet every passenger's needs.可知，香港设计工作室Lead 8承担了新的商业航站楼的设计工作，故选D。
3. 推理判断题。本文介绍了北京大兴国际机场的地理位置、占地面积以及建造情况，可知A项为正确答案。
B.答案：1-4.ACAD
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第一、第二段的内容可知,一开始作者认为她和Paris除了都是学校的新生外没有其他共同点,故选A。
2.考查推理判断。从文章倒数第二段的内容可以看出,Paris很擅长和人打交道,很多人都喜欢她,给她提供很多免费服务。故选C。
3.考查推理判断。从最后两段内容,尤其是倒数第二段最后一句可知,作者开始接受自己。
4.考查主旨大意。作者从一开始觉得她与Paris不可能成为朋友,到慢慢发现其实她们也有共同之处,而且相处地非常开心,到文章最后再次强调本以为不可能成为朋友的人也可能成为好朋友, 由此可知D项最符合文意。
C.答案：1-4.DACC
解析：1.考查段落大意。根据第一段第二句"Recent studies have fund psitive effects"及本段中的"greener areas f the city experienced less crime"和"emplyees were shwn t be 15% mre prductive when their wrkplaces were decrated with huseplants"可知,D选项"Benefits frm green plants"能概括本段内容。
2.考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句中的"These include plants that have sensrs printed nt their leaves t shw when they're shrt f water"可知,A选项正确。根据该句后半部分"a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in grundwater"可知,干扰项D选项错误。
3.考查推理判断。根据最后一段的内容尤其是最后一句"Glwing plants culd reduce this distance and therefre help save energy"可推知,在未来发光的植物可能有助于减少能源消耗。
4.考查标题判断。文章第一段点明植物的积极作用;第二段是有关植物的其他方面的功能的研究;第三段说明最新的研究表明植物可以发光;第四段是有关将来要开发的一种用在植物叶子上的技术及研究植物发光是否可以"打开"和"关上";第五段表述能量在传输中损失很多,或许发光植物可以解决这一问题。故C选项(发光的植物能代替灯吗?)最能凸显本文主题。
D.答案：1-4 ADCB
解析：1.词义猜测题。根据划线词前instead f duty-free shpping 及划线词后a green-rfed educatin and research center, a series f raised "bservatin platfrms" and a netwrk f scenic walking and cycling paths ttaling ver 4 miles 可知, 天津“候鸟机场”保护区对游客的主要吸引力将是一个绿色屋顶的教育和研究中心, 观赏台以及一个总长超过4英里的风景优美的步行道和自行车道组成的网状系统, 而不是免税购物, 由此可知划线词词义为“游客”, 故A项正确。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中"ver 50 species f migratry water birds, sme endangered, will stp and feed at the prtected sanctuary befre cntinuing their lng jurney alng the flyway." 可知, 候鸟可以在机场保护区停留和吃东西, 然后继续飞行, 也就是说机场保护区可以为候鸟提供食物和住所, 故D项正确。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段可知, 天津的空气质量和环境会因为这个“候鸟机场”保护区得到很大的改善, 故C 项正确。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文, 特别是根据第二段可知, 本文主要介绍了中国将在天津建立“候鸟机场”保护区的计划以及具体规划内容和其重大意义, 故B项正确。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ EDBAG
解析：①根据设空处前一句Withut radar, planes culd nt land safely in bad weather and ships culd nt mve safely in thick fg.可知，雷达在飞机着陆和船只航海中起着巨大的作用，因此，雷达对航运商和旅行者特别有价值，故选E。
②在上文内容But scientists did nt make great advances in radar research until the 1930s, when the wrld was threatened by war.中捕捉到关键词war，所以设空处的内容会涉及war，故D项"在第二次世界大战期间，许多国家有效地使用了雷达"符合本段内容，故选D。
③根据前一句On the screen an bserver sees a flash, r a blip that shws the directin f the bject and distance.可知，在屏幕上，观察者看到显示物体的方向和距离的闪光或光点，现在这些测量值已经高度精确了。故选B。
④根据本段中的Almst all large ships depend n radar t prevent cllisins with icebergs r ther ships. ④____ Weather frecasters "see" the size, directin, and speed f strms r radar screens. Astrnmers can even use radar t accurately measure the distance t the mn.可知，这一段主要讲了雷达在各个领域的用途，A项为雷达对警察的作用，故选A。
⑤根据后文Huge radar antennas have been installed all ver the United States. They guard us against pssible enemy attacks. We have ballistic missiles（弹道导弹）warning systems that can alert us t attacks when missiles are mre than 1,000 miles away. Other radar systems warn us against enemy aircraft and even spying space satellites.可知，这一段主要讲了雷达在国防领域的重要作用，故选G。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
答案：1-5BCAAD;6-10CDDCB;11-15CCADC
解析：1. 根据but the baby可知他还是个婴儿，还在学习说话。never从不；still仍然；therefre因此；merely仅仅。故选B。
2. 根据and play music at a laptp可知是从笔记本电脑上挑选和播放音乐。create创造；adpt采取；select选择；tease取笑。故选C。
3. 此处表示"他的能力甚至为他赢得了特别的出场机会"。earn赚取，赢得；exchange交换；risk冒险；update更新。故选A。
4. 作为粉丝，当然是迫切地想听到他的音乐。desperate渴望的；unwilling不情愿的；admirable令人钦佩的；apprpriate合适的。故选A。
5. 根据下文as he mved his head可知此处表示他的出现。mvement运动，活动；cmpetitin比赛；reputatin名声，声誉；appearance出现，外表。故选D。
6.根据上文The wrld's yungest DJ wh is just tw years ld has thusands f fans可推断他的出现吸引了很多人。mve移动；benefit使受益；attract吸引 disappint使失望。故选C。
7. 根据with large headphnes arund his neck可知他脖子上挂着耳机，他的头跟着节拍动，rhyme押韵；flash闪光；pattern图案；beat节拍。故选D。
8. 根据下文his success t his father Glen Hlngwane's decisin t buy an iPad fr his then unbrn sn可知他的母亲Refile Marum将他的成功归功于他的父亲Glen Hlngwane为他未出生的儿子买苹果平板电脑的决定。固定搭配we ne's success t把某人的成功归功于。故选D。
9.根据as well as a DJ app fr himself可知他自己也是一名忠实的DJ。allergic过敏的；cautius小心的；devted忠实的；ridiculus荒谬的。故选C。
10. 根据has nearly 25,000 Facebk可知这些人是他的粉丝。一段他演奏音乐的手机录像在网上被分享，现在这个年轻人在Facebk上有近2.5万名粉丝。cmpetitr竞争者；fllwer拥护者，追随者；spnsr赞助商；expert专家。故选B。
11.根据abusing and making mney可知，一些人指责他的父母滥用他们孩子的能力并从中赚钱。accmplish完成；acquire获得；accuse控告，指责；cnvince使确信。固定短语accuse sb.f ding sth.控告/指责某人做某事。故选C。
12. 根据下文and said he wasn't allwed t play in clubs r at parties可知他父亲是不会利用他的孩子谋财的。take charge f接管，负责；take pssessin f占有，占领；take advantage f利用；take place f代替，取代。故选C。
13. 由于他只有两岁，因此不被允许在俱乐部或派对上演奏。due t由于；in spite f尽管，不顾；rather than而不是；even if即使，虽然。故选A。
14. 根据t be a DJ when he grew up以及but可知他的父母不会强迫他长大后当DJ。demand需要；allw允许；dubt怀疑；frce强迫。故选D。
15.根据上文中wuld prbably decide his future可知，这里指"未来的比尔·盖茨"。realistic现实的；cntemprary同时代的；future将来的；predictable可预言的。故选C。
第二节
答案：①a ②examples ③explratin ④t shw ⑤which ⑥in ⑦is ⑧is cvered ⑨harmny ⑩but
解析：①考查冠词。句意：我们对大自然是如此熟悉，以至于我们很少进一步去想它，但是一些艺术家却从中获得灵感。a secnd thught进一步考虑。
②考查名词复数。句意：巴塞罗那的森林般的圣家堂和北京的水立方就是很好的例子。根据主语和are可知设空处应为复数，故填examples。
③考查词性转换。句意：新加坡的艺术科学博物馆是另一个让人们享受探索艺术与科学之间的关系的例子。设空处位于the和f之间，应用名词形式，故填explratin。
④考查非谓语动词。be designed t d sth.为做某事而设计。
⑤考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，____ was created by Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce while he was watching a nature dcumentary in which termites were cnstructing their nests是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Harare's Eastgate Centre，指物，从句中缺少主语，故填which。
⑥这里指在纪录片里，白蚁正在建造它们的巢穴，设空处与which共同引导定语从句，由先行词nature dcumentary可知这里用in。
⑦考查动词的时态和主谓一致。Harare's Eastgate Centre是主句的主语，为单数，这里又是对事物的客观介绍，应用一般现在时，故填is。
⑧考查动词的时态和语态。句意：此外，世界上第一座以藻类为动力的建筑位于德国汉堡，其表面覆盖着含有藻类的面板，藻类被喂食液体营养物和二氧化碳以促进它们的生长。分析句子结构可知，whse surface _____（cver）in panels是定语从句，设空处作从句的谓语，surface和cver之间是被动关系，此处又是对事物的客观介绍，应用一般现在时的被动语态，结合主语surface可知填is cvered。
⑨考查名词。in harmny with与……协调/一致，是固定搭配。
⑩考查连词。句意：在保护未来世界的同时满足今天的需求可能是一个挑战，但即使是最简单的生物体也可以帮助教会我们如何实现这一点。两个分句之间为转折关系，故填but。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：One pssible versin:
Dear Tm,
I am writing t invite yu t attend a lecture held at the lecture hall n Friday evening, frm 7 pm t 9 pm.
Since the lecture is abut the similarities and differences between western and eastern cultures, I'm sure yu will be interested in it. What's mre, the lecturer will set aside 30 minutes t answer all the questins raised by us students, which will make yu have a better understanding f cultural differences.
Wuld yu please drp me a line t let me knw if yu can cme? Lk frward t yur early reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
We tk him t the vet, wh said the dg appears t be in gd health, despite his having been abandned. He figured ut the dg is abut tw r three years f age, frm the cnditin f his teeth. Then the vet gave him all the required shts and applied sme medicine t the scars and new wunds. Abut a mnth later, the dg changed int a strng and lvely ne. He is bth sweet and gentle.
Paragraph 2:
Nw we all lve the dg very much. He nce helped save me frm truble. One day my husband went t wrk in a hurry, frgetting t turn ff the gas. I was sleeping sundly when I heard the dg barking like crazy. I was wken up, realising smething unusual must have happened in ur huse. It turned ut that the huse was filled with gas, which made me in danger. I wed it t the dg that I avided a disaster. The pit bull has becme a member f u family.
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