高中Unit 2 Wildlife protection课后练习题

Unit 2 Wildlife Protection

Ⅰ.完形填空

(2021·东城区综合练习)

Saving a Tiger Named Cinderella

On an icy day in February 2012, two hunters in easternRussia discovered a limp bundle of fur lying in the snow. It wasan orphaned cub (幼兽)! The cub hadn't eaten in days, andwas    1.A   enough for the hunters just to pick her up. Dr. DaleMiquelle, Director for the WCS Russia Program, said, “Ahealthy tiger cub, even a three-month-old one, would give youreason to   2.D   before you stuck your hand too close to its teethand claws. But this cub had no   3.D   left in her.”

The hunters wrapped the cub in a coat and   4.A   her to a local wildlife inspector, Andrey Oryol. Over the following weeks, Oryol   5.C   the orphaned cub back to health. But he had a new problem: What could he do with an   6.B   three-month-old tiger?

The cub was an Amur tiger.   7.D   a small number of Amur tigers remained in the wild, so scientists wanted to return   8.B   cubs to their natural habitat. The orphaned cub was taken to a new wildlife center. The center was designed for raising wild animals without   9.A   them to people. It uses hidden cameras and covered fences to keep workers out of   10.B  . That way, the animals don't become   11.C   on humans.

The cub, later named Cinderella, became the center's first tiger. Over the next year, she grew into a big, healthy tigress. In the center, she learned to hunt. By the spring of 2013, experts agreed she was   12.C   to return to the wild.

They chose the perfect new   13.D   for their tiger princess: the Bastak Nature Reserve. During the next two years, researchers watched Cinderella's   14.A  . They set up cameras to snap photos. When Cinderella passed in front of one of these camera   15.B  ， it took her picture. Cinderella not only   16.C  ， but grew healthier and stronger.

Then, in December 2015, the cameras   17.D   exciting news: Cinderella had become a mother! For the first time ever，a tiger that humans had   18.C   and returned to the wild had given birth to two cubs of her own.

Tigers are some of the most admired animals on our planet, but they are also   19.A  . Thanks to the work of conservationists like Dr. Dale Miquelle, there is new   20.B   for these magnificent cats.

文章大意：两位猎人在俄罗斯东部发现了一只因饥饿无力地躺在雪中的小老虎，并将其送到当地的野生动物检查员Andrey Oryol那里，Oryol在接下来的几周里照料它恢复了健康，然后将它带到一个野生动物中心，在该中心这只幼虎被命名为Cinderella。直到它准备好回归自然，专家们才把它放到了巴斯塔自然保护区；后来Cinderella不但适应了野外的生活，而且还有了自己的幼崽。

1．A.weak 　　　　　　　 B．pale

C．sleepy 　 D．lazy

解析：根据本句中的“The cub hadn't eaten in days”可以推测出，这只幼虎几天没有吃东西了，所以它很虚弱，因而那两位猎人能将它抱起。故选A。

2. A．hide 　　 B．hurt

C．wonder 　　 D．pause

解析：根据语境和常识可知，一只健康的幼虎，即使只有三个月大，在你将手很靠近它的牙齿与爪子之前，都会让你有理由暂停一下(pause)。故选D。

3. A．mercy 　　 B．effort

C．will　　 D．fight

解析：根据第1小题的解析可知，这只幼虎几天没有吃东西了，身体非常虚弱，所以那时它并没有战斗力。A项意为“仁慈”；B项意为“努力”；C项意为“意志”；D项意为“战斗力”。

4. A．delivered 　　 B．returned

C．guided 　　 D．reported

解析：根据本句中的“a local wildlife inspector”和下文表述的Oryol照料这只幼虎可以推测出，两位猎人将幼虎送到了当地的野生动物检查员Andrey Oryol那里。故选A。

5．A.taught 　　 B．pulled

C．nursed 　　 D．trained

解析：根据本句中的“back to health”可以推测出，Oryol在接下来的几周时间里照料(nursed)那只幼虎恢复了健康，故选C。

6. A．intelligent 　　 B．energetic

C．excited　　 D．amazing

解析：根据上文中的“back to health”和语境可以推测出，那只幼虎很快就恢复了健康，变得精力充沛，所以Oryol不知该如何处理它。故选B。

7. A．Almost 　　 B．Still

C．Even 　　 D．Only

解析：根据本句中的“so scientists wanted to return   8   cubs to their natural habitat”可知，由于只有少量的东北虎仍然生活在野外，所以科学家想把被营救的(rescued)东北虎送回到它们的自然栖息地。故选D。

8．A.firstborn　　 B．rescued

C．wounded 　　 D．hunted

解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“头胎的”。

9．A.exposing 　　 B．sending

C．offering　　 D．selling

解析：根据下文中的“It uses hidden cameras and covered fences to keep workers out of   10  ”可以推测出，这个新的野生动物中心是专门为在不让野生动物接触人的情况下喂养它们而设计的。故选A。

10．A.place 　　 B．sight

C．order　　 D．mind

解析：根据上题解析并结合语境可知，这个野生动物中心使用隐藏的相机和被覆盖的围栏来使工作人员不露面。sight“视力范围，视野”符合语境。

11．A.concentrated　 B．defensive

C．dependent 　 D．keen

解析：根据第20小题的解析可知，这个野生动物中心使用这种方式让动物们不对人类产生依赖，故选C。A项意为“集中的”；B项意为“自卫的”；C项意为“依赖的”；D项意为“喜爱，有兴趣”。

12．A.welcome 　　 B．interested

C．ready　　 D．eager

解析：根据上文中的“In the center，she learned to hunt”和空后的“returntothewild”可以推测出，这只幼虎在野生动物中心学习了野外生存技能，因此到2013年春天，专家们一致认为它准备好回归自然了。故选C。

13．A.continent　　 B．neighborhood

C．border 　 D．kingdom

解析：根据本句中的“tiger princess”的称呼以及“the Bastak Nature Reserve”这一地点可知，为了使前后语言风格保持一致，这里应用“kingdom”，表示专家们为他们的老虎“公主”选择了这个完美的新“王国”。故选D。

14．A.progress 　　 B．reaction

C．appearance 　　 D．habitat

解析：根据下文表述的研究人员放置相机来拍摄 Cinderella的照片可推知，在接下来的两年里，研究人员观察 Cinderella的生活进展。 progress“进步，进展”符合语境，故选A。

15．A.types 　　 B．traps

C．shots 　　 D．scenes

解析：根据上句“They set up cameras to snap photos”可以推测出，当Cinderella在其中的一个陷阱(traps)相机前经过时，相机就会拍下它的照片。故选B。

16．A.succeeded 　　 B．recovered

C．survived 　　 D．explored

解析：根据本句中的“grew healthier and stronger”可知， Cinderella不但活了下来，而且长得更健康、更强壮了。故选C。

17．A.edited 　　 B．expected

C．prepared 　　 D．revealed

解析：根据上文中的“When Cinderella passed in front of one of these camera   15  ， it took her picture”可以推测出，此处表示相机传达了令人激动的消息。故选D。

18．A.witnessed　　 B．traded

C．raised 　　 D．examined

解析：根据文章第二至第四段的内容，尤其是第三段中的“was designed for raising wild animals”可知，这只幼虎曾经被人类喂养过，故选C。

19．A.endangered　　 B．dominated

C．preserved　　 D．stressed

解析：根据上文中的“a small number of Amur tigers remained in the wild”和下文中的“Thanks to the work of conservationists”可以推测出，老虎也是濒危动物。故选A。

20．A.love　　 B．hope

C．home 　　 D．help

解析：根据第19题的解析可知，老虎也是濒危动物，因此由于像Dr. Dale Miquelle这样的自然环境保护主义者的努力，这些出色的猫科动物有了新的希望。故选B。

Ⅱ.阅读理解

A

Wild animals are known to listen to each other for warnings that predators are near. Some birds, for example, flee when neighbors make a loud noise to announce a snake's presence.

The fairy wren (细毛鹩莺) is a small Australian songbird.It is not born knowing the “languages” of other birds. But recent research says it can learn the meaning of a few important sounds.

Andrew N Radford is a biologist at the University of Bristol in England and co-writer of the new report published in early August in the journal Current Biology. He told the Associated Press, “We knew before that some animals can translate the meanings of other species' ‘foreign languages’ but we did not know how that ‘language learning’ came about.”

Birds have several ways of learning life skills. Some knowledge is genetically passed down by their parents and some comes from direct experience with the world. But Radford and other scientists are exploring a third kind of knowledge：information from fellows.

Radford and researchers at the Australian National University carried out the study in the country's National Botanic Gardens in Canberra. They attached specially-designed，sound-producing equipment called “tweeter speakers” to their bodies. They wanted to see if fairy wrens would react to sounds of other birds even if they could not see them.

The scientists first played the birds two recorded sounds that they likely had never heard before. One was a warning cry of a thornbill (刺喙蜂鸟), a bird not native to Australia. The other was a computer-generated bird sound called “buzz”．

When the 16 fairy wrens in the study first heard the sounds，they had no special reaction. The scientists then tried to train half of the birds to recognize the thornbill's cry as a warning sound. They tried to train the other half to recognize the computer-generated “buzz” as a warning call.

After three days, the scientists tested what the birds had learned—and their “students” passed the test. The fairy wrens trained with the thornbill's cry, fled when they heard it. The group trained with the “buzz”， fled when they heard that sound.Neither group reacted to the sound taught to the other.

文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。作者通过介绍Radford和澳大利亚国立大学的研究人员在堪培拉的国家植物园开展的研究实验，说明了鸟类可以通过人为培训，从而“识别声音”。

1．What does the underlined word “predators” in the first paragraph mean？  A 

A．Enemies.　 B．Neighbors.

C．Birds. 　 D．Snakes.

解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句“Some birds，for example，flee when neighbors make a loud noise to announce a snake's presence.”可知，有一些鸟在它们的邻居发出大叫来宣告有蛇出没时会逃跑。由此可推知，画线词所在句表示当天敌就在附近时，野生动物会互相倾听警告。故画线词的词义与A项相近。

2．Which is the right order of the experiment？  B 

a．The fairy wrens were divided into two parts.

b．The fairy wrens made no reaction to the strange sounds.

c．Radford and researchers wore sound-producing equipment.

d．The fairy wrens were trained separately.

e．The fairy wrens passed the test successfully.

A．abcde 　 B．cbade

C．cebad 　 D．acedb

解析：细节理解题。由第五至八段的内容可知，实验的顺序是：Radford和研究人员穿戴声音产生装备、科学家播放两组录音但细尾鹩莺未对录音作出反应、细尾鹩莺被分成两组分别训练、最后细尾鹩莺成功通过测试。故选B。

3．It can be learned from the study that the fairy wrens  D  .

A．were not good “foreign language” learners

B．made no reaction to the sounds all the time

C．took both of the sounds as warnings

D．fled when hearing the sound taught to them

解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，细尾鹩莺被训练成功，通过了测试，当它们听到训练时代表警告的声音时，它们会飞走。故选D。

4．The passage is probably taken from  B  .

A．a biology textbook

B．a science magazine

C．a science fiction

D．a wildlife brochure

解析：文章出处题。根据文章内容可知，本文是一篇说明文，作者通过介绍Radford和澳大利亚国立大学的研究人员在堪培拉的国家植物园开展的研究实验，说明了鸟类可以通过人为培训，从而“识别声音”。由此可推知，本文很可能摘自科学杂志。故选B。

B

(2020·湖南省高三六校联考)

If I scratch your back and you scratch mine, then we're both better off as a result—so goes the principle of reciprocity. As humans, we are familiar with the concept, whether it is by buying rounds of drinks or expelling diplomats. But do animals also help those who help them? The answer may be yes. A paper by Dolivo and Taborsky shows that Norway rats will only give as good as they get.

In their laboratory, Dolivo and Taborsky first trained rats to pull a stick that provided a food item within the reach of a rat in a neighboring cage separated from them by wire mesh(铁丝网)．

They then introduced a further treatment in which an experimental rat was placed in a cage with other caged rats on either side. On one side the rat pulled a stick that provided pieces of carrot to the rat in the central cage, while the other pulled a stick that produced banana pieces.

In the following trials the focal rat (the one in the central cage) had the opportunity to repay the other rats using the same stick tool to deliver food items.

Now, the rats had typically turned their noses up at the carrot and showed a strong preference for the more desirable banana. On the basis that the banana-providing rat should be therefore remembered as the superior partner, the authors predicted that in the test phase (阶段) the focal rat would more readily provide help for banana-offering rats than for carrot-offering rats. This proved to be the case: the rats that had provided better help in the past received greater rewards—it seemed that they were behaving reciprocally.

Dolivo and Taborsky's experiments show that rats can recall the quality of help provided and by which rat, and adjust their behavior so as to invest more time and energy in helping those that helped them. It is apparent that we shouldn't undervalue the ability of animals to engage in reciprocity.

文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了Dolivo和Taborsky用挪威老鼠做实验得出结论的过程。实验的结果告诉人们，我们不应该低估动物的互惠能力。

5．What does the underlined word “reciprocity” probably refer to？  B 

A．The act of being kind to other people.

B．A cooperative exchange of favors.

C．A positive attitude to everything.

D．The quality of being generous.

解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句中的“If I scratch your back and you scratch mine，then we're both better off as a result”可知，如果两个人互相抓背，则两人都能得到好处，由此可推知，reciprocity意为“互惠”。故B项正确。

6．What would happen if a rat pulled the stick？  C 

A．It would find some food in its own cage.

B．Other rats would be able to enter its cage.

C．Another rat in another cage would get food.

D．It would be able to enter a neighboring cage.

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的内容和第三段尾句“On one side the rat pulled a stick that provided pieces of carrot to the rat in the central cage, while the other pulled a stick that produced banana pieces.”可推知，如果一只老鼠拉棍子，则另一个笼子里的老鼠会吃到食物。故C项正确。

7．Which got more benefit from the focal rat？  D 

A．The rats that preferred carrot pieces.

B．The rats that preferred banana pieces.

C．The rats that had provided carrot pieces.

D．The rats that had provided banana pieces.

解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的内容尤其是“the rats that had provided better help in the past received greater rewards”可知，提供香蕉片的老鼠会得到更多的回报。故D项正确。

8．Which of the following might Dolivo and Taborsky agree with？  A 

A．Some animals may return others' help.

B．Norway rats have very poor memories.

C．It is hard to explain the ability of animals.

D．Rats' behavior is very uncommon.

解析：推理判断题。根据尾段第一句“Dolivo and Taborsky’s experiments show that rats can recall the quality of help provided and by which rat，and adjust their behavior so as to invest more time and energy in helping those that helped them.”可知，Dolivo和Taborsky的实验表明，老鼠能够回忆起谁提供的帮助和帮助的质量，并调整它们的行为，从而投入更多的时间和精力去帮助那些帮助过它们的同类，由此可推知，动物会回报帮助过它们的对象。故A项正确。

Ⅲ.短文改错

In China, people and giant pandas had been living together for thousands of years.But China's human population has been great growing.More population means more land is needed for farming.It also mean more forests are cut for wood to build and heat houses.Loss of habitat in lowland areas has forced pandas live only in the mountains.The most damaged result of development has been that it has divided the panda's habitat into little islands of forest.Today, many panda are isolated in these small sections of forest, because of they will cross into areas which people live.The result is that the giant pandas can connect with one another to mate and have babies.

Besides, to our relief, there is still some good news that people are trying to help the giant pandas by creating protected areas.

答案：

In China, people and giant pandas  been living together for thousands of years.But China's human population has been  growing.More population means more land is needed for farming.It also  more forests are cut for wood to build and heat houses.Loss of habitat in lowland areas has forced pandas  live only in the mountains.The most  result of development has been that it has divided the panda's habitat into little islands of forest.Today, many  are isolated in these small sections of forest, because of they will cross into areas  people live.The result is that the giant pandas  connect with one another to mate and have babies.

， to our relief, there is still some good news that people are trying to help the giant pandas by creating protected areas.

文章大意：文章讲述了随着人类的发展，熊猫的栖息地越来越小，它们的生活和繁衍受到严重影响，但让人欣慰的是人们正在帮大熊猫建保护区。

解析：

1．考查动词的时态和语态。此处指人们和大熊猫到“现在”为止已经生活了几千年了。所以谓语动词应选用现在完成进行时“have been doing”。

2．考查副词。该句意思为：中国人口已经大幅度的增长，此处greatly 修饰谓语动词“have been growing”，故用副词。

3．考查动词的时态。根据上下文可知此处应为一般现在时，又因该句主语为“it”，故用第三人称单数。

4．考查非谓语动词。此处为不定式作宾语补足语，force sb./sth.to do sth.“迫使某人或某物做某事”，是固定用法。

5．考查非谓语动词。damaged“被破坏了的”，damaging“有破坏性的”，此处为分词作定语，修饰result，表示有破坏性的结果。

6．考查名词的数。panda前面由many修饰，故用复数。

7．考查连词。because of后面接名词、动名词或what引导的从句，because后面接除what以外的词引导的从句。

8．考查定语从句。此处先行词areas在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故选用关系副词where或in which或在不及物动词live后加in。

9．考查上下文语境。分析上下文可知此处意为“结果就是大熊猫不能够与另外的配偶联系、不能够繁殖”。

10．考查副词。上文在说不好的结果，但下文说“让人欣慰的是……”，表转折。