牛津译林版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Grammar and usage学案

这是一份牛津译林版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Grammar and usage学案，共5页。
  2021-2022学年新牛津版高中英语选择性必修二：Unit 1 The mass media Grammar and usage  单词讲解citizen  n. 公民；市民，居民(6)She's Italian by birth but is now an Australian citizen. 她生于意大利，但现在是澳大利亚公民 found  vt. 创建，创办；建立，兴建 (6)   (近义词 establish)found a club/company 创办俱乐部╱公司Their marriage was founded on love and mutual respect. 他们的婚姻建立在爱情和互相尊重的基础上。 politics  n. 政治，政治事务；（个人的）政治观点，政见(6)a major figure in British politics 英国政坛的风云人物He's thinking of going into politics. 他打算步入政坛。Politics is his main subject at university.他在大学主修政治。His politics are extreme. 他的政治观点偏激。注：politics单复数同行形，指政治学、政治制度时视为单数，指政治见解时常用复数。拓展：political  adj. 政治的，政治上的         politician  n. 政治家，政客     policy  n. 政策accuse  vt. 谴责，控诉(6)She accused him of lying. 她指责他说谎。The government was accused of incompetence. 政府被指责无能。短语：accuse sb of sth  控告某人某事（be accused of=be charged with）拓展： accusation  n.        accusing   adj. 谴责的，指责的an accusing look 谴责的目光    accusingly  adv.        accusatory  adj. 谴责的，指责的      accused   adj. 被控告的 the accused 被告tax  n. 税，税款vt. 对…征税，使纳税(6)to raise/cut taxes 增加╱削减税收to pay over ￡1 000 in tax 缴纳1 000多英镑的税款profits before/after tax 税前╱税后利润a tax on cigarettes 香烟税His declared aim was to tax the rich. 他宣布他的目的是向富人征税。The problem is currently taxing the brains of the nation's experts. 目前这个问题使得全国的专家大伤脑筋。短语：tax sb with sth （就某事）指责，责备，谴责…I taxed him with avoiding his responsibility as a parent. 我指责他逃避做父亲的责任。 mount  vi. 逐步增加vt. 攀登，爬上n. 山(6)Pressure is mounting on the government to change the law. 迫使政府修改法律的压力不断增加。He mounted the platform and addressed the crowd. 他登上讲台对人群发表演说。He mounted his horse and rode away. 他骑上马走了mount up （尺寸和数量上）增加，上升 (6)Meanwhile, my debts were mounting up. 同时，我的债务在不断增加。*elevation  n. 提高；提升；海拔 (6)拓展：elevate  v.  elevate sb to sth  提升某人到什么位置（promote）      elevator  n.  电梯；谷仓，粮仓；8．profession  n. 行业，职业；同行；宣称，声明(6) enter/go into/join a profession 从事╱加入╱参加一个行业He was an electrician by profession . 他的职业是电工拓展：professional  adj. 职业的，专业的；  n. 专业人士， 职业选手 a professional tennis player 职业网球运动员 There will be a rise in the demand for health care professionals.对卫生保健专业人员的需求会上升。 9．drama  n. 戏剧；戏剧性事件(7)  un. 戏剧艺术，戏剧文学stage a drama 上演一出戏There is a really good drama. 有一出真正的好戏。A drama school 戏剧学校      a drama documentary 纪实片拓展：dramatic adj. 戏剧性的；突然的；给人印象深刻的the dramatic arts   戏剧艺术    a dramatic increase  剧增a dramatic victory 激动人心的胜利dramatically adv. 突然地；戏剧性地； 引人注目地10．scholarship  n. 奖学金；学术(7)win a scholarship  赢得奖学金拓展：scholar n. 学者    a history scholar 研究历史的学者11．category  n. 类别，种类(7)Literature can be divided into two categories:fiction and non-fiction. 文学可以分为两类：小说和纪实文学。12．nevertheless  adv. 尽管如此(7) There is little chance that we will succeed in changing the law. Nevertheless, it is important that we try. 我们几乎没有可能改变法律。不过，重要的是我们努力争取。 Our defeat was expected but it is disappointing nevertheless. 我们的失败是意料中的事，尽管如此，还是令人失望。13．witness vt. & vi. 是发生…的时间（或地点），见证；目击；作证；是…的迹象n. 目击者，见证人；证人 (8)Recent years have witnessed a growing social mobility. 近年来人们的社会流动性越来越大。Police have appealed for anyone who witnessed the incident to contact them. 警方呼吁凡是目击这一事件的人与他们联系。There has been increasing interest in her life and work, as witnessed by the publication of two new biographies. 从两部新传记的出版可以看出，人们对她的生活和工作越来越感兴趣。We have a witness to the killing. 我们有一位这起杀人案的目击者。These facts are a witness to his ignorance. 这些事证明了他的无知。短语： be witnessed by  被...见证       be a witness to sth  是...的见证者14．edition  n. 版本；一份，一期；版次 (8)a limited edition  限量版   the first edition  初版拓展：edit v. 编辑，剪辑      editor n. 编辑，剪辑者  a chief editor 主编     editorial adj. 编辑的，主编的； n. 社论15．platform  n. 平台；站台，月台；讲台，舞台(8)16．spring up 迅速出现，突然兴起(8)Spring v.跳，跃，蹦；突然猛烈地移动；突然出现（或来到）Everyone sprang to their feet when the principal walked in. 校长进来时，所有的人都立刻站了起来。The branch sprang back and hit him in the face. 树枝弹回来打在他脸上。Tears sprang to her eyes. 她眼里一下子涌出了泪水。The idea for the novel sprang from a trip to India. 写这部小说的想法源于一次去印度的旅行。n. 春天；泉水；弹簧；跳，跃17．interaction  n. 互动；互相作用 (8)interaction with  ...之间的互动拓展：interact  v. 交流，沟通   interact with ... 与...相互交流      interactive  adj. 合作的，互相影响的18．membership  n. （统称）会员，会员人数；会员资格(8)19．chart  n. 图表；海图；（the charts）排行榜(8)20．broadcast  n. 广播节目，电视节目vi. & vt.(broadcast, broadcast) 播送，广播；散布，传播(8)I missed the live broadcast of the Olympics. 我没赶上奥运会的直播。The interview was broadcast live across the country.这次采访向全国现场直播。