2022届高三英语二轮复习课件：专题二　七选五

这是一份2022届高三英语二轮复习课件：专题二　七选五，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了内容索引，命题透析•知考情，策略指导•觅捷径，类型一　利用外在线索，类型二　利用内在关系，Group 1，Group 2，Group 3等内容，欢迎下载使用。


第一部分
专题二　七选五
英 语
2022
内容索引
No . 1　考情透析•明晰七选五考什么　
No.2　读文总策略•缩小七选五选项范围必备3大策略
No.3　题型微技法•提升七选五解题7大技法
No.4　真题实战•经典对练拿高分
No.1　考情透析•明晰七选五考什么
命题透析•知考情
策略指导•觅捷径
No.2　读文总策略•缩小七选 五选项范围必备3大策略
策略一　利用外在线索, 缩小选项范围
七选五共有七个选项, 每个题目有七种选择, 对很多考生来说, 难度很大。但是, 明确挖空特点和篇章结构, 利用语篇标记信息, 例如, 小标题、主旨句、首段尾句和标点符号等, 就能缩小选择范围, 降低题目难度。
策略二　依据内在关系, 确保解题正确
解答七选五的内在关系主要指语篇内部的逻辑关系和词汇线索, 包括词汇复现、代词的指代关系等。
策略三　多维思考, 提升读文速度
【典例印证】(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)
No.3　题型微技法•提升七选五解题7大技法
类型一　利用外在线索
技法1　关注小标题　 在 “总—分” 结构的文章中, 有些段落由小标题引领。如设空处恰好处于小标题的位置, 则该处应为一个小标题。而小标题的供选项一般为祈使句, 相对于其他选项, 句子较短, 特征比较突出。一个小标题常有两个供选项, 其中一个为迷惑选项, 通常也是最终多余的两个选项之一, 不会是任何题的答案。小标题线索题目较为明显, 题目较为简单, 学生容易发现小标题的特征, 可优先做该题。
【典例印证】(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)...· 　39　 Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic(过敏) to any medicines, be sure to mention that to your doctor.
·Ask questions.Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor’s office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment. 　40　 Remember—there’s no such thing as a stupid question. If you don’t understand the answer to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand.  
A.This will make getting answers easier.B.Here are some tips for talking with your doctor.C.You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don’t work.D.Before your doctor’s visit, keep notes on how you are feeling.E.Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side.F.Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines.G.Writing down what the doctor says will help you remember important information.
思维流程第一步: 根据第39题所在的位置可知, 这是一个小标题。第二步: 分析语篇可知, 小标题都是祈使句。选项中只有E项和F项是祈使句, 因此只能从这两项中选择。 根据下段内容可知, 讲述的内容与medical history有关, 这是解题的关键。第三步: 比对选项, 确定答案为F项。
【对点微练习】A(2021·湖南高三联考联合体12月联考)The Ways to Avoid Fighting with Your MumLife is a struggle...Don’t give her the silent treatment.If you think that...Avoid deeply rude words.If you’re quarrelling with...
Don’t draw other family members into a conflict.Say that you have a terrible habit of... You’ll learn a big lesson and realise your bad temper makes your family suffer.　40　 Lack of communication between mothers and children can create emotional obstacles and even cause frequent quarrels. When you finally find the reason, you’ll be able to overcome misunderstanding in communication with your mother and bridge the generation gap in a quite short period of time.
A.Refuse to get crazy.B.Improve your communication.C.You shouldn’t burst into tears in front of your mother.D.Sure, your mum will refuse to communicate with you as well.E.Here are some ways that will help you avoid fighting with your mother.F.You want them to support you and help you find a beneficial solution for each other.G.Sometimes your words can be either a perfect pain reliever or a terrible sharp sword.
答案 B　解析 根据第40题所在的位置可知, 这是一个小标题。分析语篇可知, 小标题都是祈使句。选项中只有A项和B项是祈使句, 因此只能从这两项中选择。根据设空处后的 “Lack of communication between mothers and children can create emotional obstacles and even cause frequent quarrels.” 可知, B项对本段的概括最为准确, 且B项中的communication与下文中的communication呼应。故选B项。
B(2021·河北衡水名校联盟押题)...Summarise the complaint.If your complainer keeps repeating himself, ask something like, “Can I tell you that I’ve heard and gotten it?” Using “I” statements (“I’ve heard...”) rather than “you” statements (“You keep repeating yourself”) shows that you’re interested rather than trying to shut the person up.　38　. When a frequent complainer tells you about her latest problem, ask nicely what she’s done to improve it. This isn’t the usual direction a grievance-laden conversation takes, and it may help to abruptly end a rant.
Be honest....A.Focus on the effectB.Challenge the person to actC.When you have things to doD.Avoid saying the word complainingE.It’s important to talk about the problemF.Sometimes a complaint changes an unfavourable situation into a more desirable oneG.If your co-worker is saying bad words about your boss, ask whether he met the new employee
答案 B　解析 设空处是小标题形式, 分析语篇可知, 前后的标题都是祈使句, 可以把答案锁定在A、B和D三个选项中, 根据下文的ask nicely what she’s done to improve it可以确定是act, 而非the effect或者the word complaining。故选B项。
技法2　留意主旨句　 在 “总—分” 结构的文章中, 观察每一部分的段落结构, 如果每个段落都有主旨句引领, 这些主旨句往往句式相同, 并且前面常有实心圆点标注。如果设空处恰恰在这个位置, 那么它就是一个段落主旨句, 然后就要根据本段内容做出选择。
【典例印证】(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)...●　37　 Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world.  ●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made...
A.Feeling upset again?B.Where do you start?C.Nothing is too small to celebrate.D.Remember,you are only human.E.Set an intention for self-acceptance.F.Stop comparing yourself with others.G.When does the comparison game start?
思维流程第一步: 根据每段前的实心圆点来看, 这是一个段落主旨句。再观察下一段首句 “Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.” 是祈使句, 就应把范围缩小在D、E和F三个选项之间。第二步: 根据后面的 “Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough.”, 以及后面的两个问句“Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs?” 可知,本段主要讲不要把自己和他人对比。F项的意思是 “停止你自己与他人做比较。”第三步: 比对选项, 确定选F项。
【对点微练习】A(2021·福建福州6月适应性练习)...●　19　 If you are the kind of person who is open to advice, complain to a friend about your stress. Friends can work as a support group, and they may provide you with solutions. Sometimes, you can’t see the easy way out of situation when you are standing right in the middle of it. ●Make a list. Having too much to do may cause you to rush around. If you are moving faster, it feels as if you are getting more done...
A.Talk it through.B.Be a good listener.C.These aren’t solutions.D.It pays to try new things.E.But this is a false impression.F.It can also impact how your body functions.G.Focus on the first kind and ignore the others.
答案 A　解析 根据每段前的实心圆点来看, 这是一个段落主旨句。再观察下一段首句 “Make a list.” 是祈使句, 就应把范围缩小在A、B和G三个选项之间。根据下文的 “If you are the kind of person who... when you are standing right in the middle of it.” 可知, 通过向朋友倾诉自己的压力来缓解压力, 即通过交谈来缓解压力, 由此可知, A项 “好好谈一谈。” 符合语境。故选A项。
B(2021·江苏六校联合第四次适应性考试)We think of winter as cold and flu season, but the cold temperatures have powerful biological upside too. Boost your brain....Burn calories....Activate healthy fat....Encourage better sleep....
　20　 Yes, you might get more colds during the winter. However, studies have shown that the immune system can be activated by colder temperatures, which improves our ability to fight infections. The flu virus becomes strong in cold, dry air, and time spent indoors increases your chance of infection. To reduce risk, get your annual flu shot, wash your hands frequently, and go outside. A.Fight infections.B.So fasten your boots.C.Suffer from infections.D.Colder temperatures can help you think more clearly.E.And cold temperatures can activate this useful fat.F.Exercising in the winter makes heart muscles stronger.G.Two hours can be taken up with this progress in the summer.
答案 A　解析 本文为 “总—分” 结构, 每个段落都有小标题引领, 这些小标题的句式相同, 都为祈使句, 句子较短, 特征突出。因此, 此题的选择范围缩小在A、B和C三个选项之间。根据 “However, studies have shown that the immune system can be activated by colder temperatures, which improves our ability to fight infections.” 可知, 低温可以激活我们的免疫系统抵抗感染。A项Fight infections与本段内容一致。故选A项。
技法3　观察挖空位置　 
【典例印证】(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)...Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy. French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.　39　 On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18! ...
A.Not all the customers are tourists.B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.E.That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.G.The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
思维流程第一步: 设空处位于段首, 此题属于段落间的过渡句, 需要阅读上一段结尾部分和本段, 然后将两段内容连接起来。第二步: 分析语境与选项。结合上一段内容, 再根据本段内容, 尤其是最后一句 “But they cost $18!” 可知, 本段主要讲述 “巴黎食物的价格较贵” 这一点。E项“那并不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因。” 既对上一段内容进行了总结, 又引出了法国人吃得少的另一个原因。第三步: 比对选项, 确定答案为E项。
【对点微练习】A(2021·山东泰安高三模拟)How to Simplify Your Home Cleaning RoutineThere are many ways to clean a house, but the best methods are those that save time and effort, while avoiding poisonous cleaning chemicals ... 1.Keep stuff dryWetness is the enemy when it comes to keeping bathrooms and kitchens clean because it attracts bacteria. Leave the shower door or curtain open when not in use to increase the circulation of air through the room ...
2.　18　 You know how you move your face in a mirror, using different angles to get a clear look? The same logic applies to cleaning. Use a flashlight to shine on surfaces, floors, and corners in order to spot dust and dirt you might have missed.... A.Light the dirtB.Purchase a flashlightC.The same goes for the kitchen sinkD.Always run a fan or open a window when showering to let out steam
E.Here are some simple tricks that will make the task easier and healthierF.Keep the proper tricks up your sleeve, and you’ll always feel ready for the jobG.have to climb a flight of stairs to get the right tools, you may just ignore it
答案 A　解析 本文属于 “总—分” 结构, 小标题引领各部分。小标题选项一般为祈使句, 句子较短, 特征突出。根据 “Use a flashlight to shine on surfaces, floors, and corners in order to spot dust and dirt you might have missed.” 可知, 这一段的建议是用手电筒照亮地面、地板和角落, 找出你可能错过的灰尘。A项 “照亮灰尘”, 与下文一致, 最适合作段落标题。故选A项。
B(2021·山东济南4月适应性考试)... 　19　 Use baskets, fabric, gift boxes or bags, tea towels, and more to contain and display your presents. Learn the Japanese art of wrapping, using beautiful knots (绳结) to fasten colourful, reusable fabrics in attractive ways. This way, you’ll have no wrapping paper waste to deal with. ... A.Try zero waste.B.Shop with that in mind, too.
C.You don’t have to choose shining paper to decorate a present.D.In fact, many types of wrapping paper cannot due to their materials.E.When wrapping paper is extremely thin, it has few good quality fibers for recycling.F.Wrapping paper can be used many times if care is taken to unwrap it without tearing.G.Having a mix of recyclable and non-recyclable paper is a real problem for companies.
答案 A　解析 根据下文内容可知, 用篮子、织物、礼盒或袋子、茶巾等包装和展示你的礼物。学习日本的包装艺术, 用漂亮的绳结把色彩鲜艳、可重复使用的织物以吸引人的方式系牢。这样, 你就不用浪费包装纸了。由此可以推断, 本段说的是用其他的东西代替包装纸来包装礼物, 不要浪费。A项 “尝试零浪费。”符合语境。故选A项。
技法4　利用标点符号　 通常情况下, 设空处后面是句号。但如果设空处后面是逗号, 则该处填入的应为 “未完待续” 的句子, 这些句子往往是从句或是主句; 如果设空处前面是逗号, 则该处填入的句子的首字母应为小写(专有名词除外)。我们可以据此来迅速锁定选择范围。
【典例印证】(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication...Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. 　37　, encouraging better and more frequent communication.  ...
A.Messages with emojis feel more conversationalB.Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendlyC.Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strangeD.The popularity of these platforms is spreading globallyE.Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestlyF.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplaceG.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
思维流程第一步: 设空处后为逗号可知, 这个设空处应填入不完整的句子。第二步: 分析语境与选项。设空前一句中的emojis与选项 A 中的 emojis 相呼应, more conversational (更 适合交谈)与设空后的more frequent communication(更频繁的交流)相呼应。句意: 使用表情符号可以增加幽默感和感情, 保持意图清晰。 带有表情符号的信息让人感觉更适合交谈, 鼓励更好、更频繁的交流。第三步: 比对选项, 确定答案为A项。
【对点微练习】A(2021·山东部分重点中学4月联考)...Beginners might think they need to run nearly every day to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but nothing could be further from the truth. 　39　, especially for beginners whose muscles and bones haven’t yet been conditioned for such intense (剧烈的) exercise. So it’s important to give your body ample rest between workouts. Follow a training plan that includes rest days.  ...
A.Not running every dayB.Not taking rest daysC.Running is a demanding activity which can be really hard on your bodyD.As mentioned, a healthy routine is what they attach importance to. E.When starting out with running, it’s tough not to compare yourself to others. F.Many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (干扰) with training or lead to injury. G.It will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue with your new running routine.
答案 C　解析 根据下文的 “...especially for beginners whose muscles and bones haven’t yet been conditioned for such intense exercise.” 可知, 特别是对那些肌肉和骨骼不适合如此剧烈的运动的初跑者, 此处是想表达跑步是一项有难度的运动, 连接下文, C项 “跑步是一项要求很高的运动, 对你的身体来说非常困难。” 符合语境。又因设空处后为逗号, 该处填入的句子应为不完整的句子。故选C项。
B(2021·山西名校阶段性测评)...Change your behaviour.　39　, which will help you fight off negative feelings. Exercise and get enough sleep. Compliment others on their strengths and you will find that other people will return the favour and compliment you give. All these behavioural traits improve our moods. ...
A.You also have great aspects about yourself that you are supposed to exploreB.Sometimes we have awful feelings about ourselves and often bury them deep inside C.Understand the cause for your lack of self-confidenceD.Think of yourself as someone else as you evaluate your progressE.But it is healthy to root out something hidden deep inside and work it through F.Never lose faith in your own strengths and potentialG.You can increase self-confidence by adjusting yourself, such as smiling more
答案 G　解析 本段主要列举了改变自身行为的一些做法。逗号后有which引导的定语从句, 定语从句的意思是: 这能帮助你驱除消极情绪, 而G 项内容 “你可以通过调整自己例如多微笑来增强自信”, 与之成为因果关系。也与下文中的 “锻炼并获得足够睡眠” 以及 “赞赏别人的优点” 的具体的做法相一致。故选G 项。
类型二　利用内在关系
技法1　词汇复现法　 复现不是指词语的简单再现, 而是指某个词语可能以不同的词性、数、格、时态及语态等形式出现。有时也会以同义词或反义词的形式出现。
【典例印证】(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)...Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. 　38　 French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs. ...
A.Not all the customers are tourists.B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.E.That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.G.The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
思维流程第一步: 设空处位于段中, 属于上下文关联句。第二步: 分析语境与选项。通读本段可知, 本段主要讲述了巴黎的饮食。与之表述在意义和语境上有重叠的是D项、E项和G项。结合设空前后出现的关键词great food, French strawberries以及flavor bombs等可知, G项 “食物是如此美味, 你不需要太多就能使你快乐。” 符合语境。第三步: 比对选项, 确定答案为G项。
【对点微练习】A(2021·山东青岛高三自主检测)... They range from birds to fish and to other marine animals. Most of the deaths to them are caused by starvation. Small pieces of plastic have been found in more than 100 marine species, including fish, shrimp, and some seashells. In many cases, these tiny bits pass through their stomachs. 　19　 Stomachs packed with plastic reduce the urge to eat, making them die eventually.  ...
A.Nearly every species of seabird eats plastic. B.This makes plastic waste even harder to notice. C.Millions of animals are killed by plastic every year. D.Some pieces have even been found blocking their organs. E.Half of all plastic ever produced has been made in the last 15 years. F.It could be done with improved waste management systems and recycling. G.However, they may remain in the environment for hundreds of years and cause a lot of harm.
答案 D　解析 根据上文的 “Small pieces of plastic have been found in more than 100 marine species, including fish, shrimp, and some seashells. In many cases, these tiny bits pass through their stomachs.” 以及下文的 “Stomachs packed with plastic reduce the urge to eat, making them die eventually.” 可知, 在包括鱼、虾和一些贝壳在内的100多种海洋物种中发现了小塑料碎片。动物的胃部塞满了塑料, 可见塑料的碎片会堵塞它们的器官。故D项 “一些碎片甚至被发现阻塞了它们的器官。” 符合语境。其中Small pieces of plastic和选项中的Some pieces相呼应。故选D项。
B(2021·浙江名校新高考联盟第二次联考)... 　33　 In 1996, a sales manager developed an experiment to test the impact of the handshake on strangers. He found that more people told the truth when he introduced himself to them with a handshake before asking the question. “A handshake,” he said, “creates a higher level of trust, a degree of familiarity, within a matter of seconds.” ...
A.The handshake is the first thing to go.B.In a sense it can’t be seriously replaced.C.The handshake is a way of maintaining relationships.D.The real human contact is more precious now.E.The handshake is also a rare gesture of casual closeness.F.These touch-free alternatives are likely to replace the handshake.G.However, adjusting to these new forms of greeting has been difficult.
答案 E　解析 分析该段落结构可知, 设空处属于本段主旨句。根据下文可知, 讲述的是一位销售经理做的实验, 根据 “‘A handshake... creates a higher level of trust, a degree of familiarity, within a matter of seconds.’” 可知, 握手在几秒钟内就能营造出很高程度的信任和熟悉感。其中trust, familiarity和E项中的closeness语义相关, 属于同一范畴的词复现。因此, E项可以作为该段的主旨句。故选E项。
技法2　代词线索法　 英语文章中有时会用代词或定冠词来指代前面提及的名词或者前面的一个句子,如it, they, this, these, the, all等。分析逻辑关系时也应注意这些代词所指代的内容。
【典例印证】(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)...You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation.This is quite important,because it is directly related to your commitment.There are times when your heart is not in your work.　38　 So,slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment.Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you move forward. Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives,keeping in mind your beliefs,values and strengths.Remember that goals are flexible.　39　 They also need to be measurable.You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals. ...
A.This can affect your work.B.So how should you motivate yourself?C.However,this should not discourage you.D.So why should we try to set specific goals?E.They can change according to circumstances.F.Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.G.Without motivation,you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
思维流程第一步: 留意选项和设空前后的代词。选项A中有代词This, 选项E中有代词They。this指代单数名词或者前面句子出现的情况; they指代复数名词。第二步: 分析题目可知, 第38题设空前意为 “有时候你的心思不在工作上。” A项“这样会影响你的工作。” A项中的This指代这种情况。第39题设空前的goals are flexible 意为 “目标是灵活的”, 故E项 “它们可以根据情况而改变。” 与之相符, They指代goals。第三步: 比对选项, 确定第38题答案为A项, 第39题答案为E项。
【对点微练习】A(2021·湖北武汉3月质检)... Becoming a World CitizenIf you experience diversity in your everyday life, you will be regularly exposed to people, cultures, traditions, and practices that are unlike your own. Not only will you improve your social development, but you will also increase your understanding of the world. 　17　 
Growing AcceptancePromoting diversity is the first step to true acceptance. Through increased contact and communication between new people, individuals may see that they may have more in common than they thought...... A.Where is the fun in that?B.Or, they may still be remarkably different.C.Everyone has their own way of viewing a problem.D.This will prepare you to be a part of a global society.E.Is diversity something we should fight for in all aspects of our lives?F.Hearing about another’s experience can provide you a different idea.G.Together, our differences make a strong and beautiful world community.
答案 D　解析 根据本段的小标题Becoming a World Citizen可知, 下文讲述的是如何成为世界公民。如果你在日常生活中体验到多样性, 你就会经常接触到与你不同的人、文化、传统和实践。不仅会促进你的社会发展, 而且会增加你对世界的了解。也就是说, 多样性可以使自己成为世界的一员, D项中的This指代这种情况。故选D项。
B(2021·北京东城综合练习)...Oh yes, we all have been trained and conditioned to work hard to achieve our dreams, and that is a good thing. The problem arises when all these inspirational quotes start confusing us. These messages tell people not to give up, 　37　. They tell one to “try and try again” until they succeed, but that amount of effort should only be put toward what you really want in life and one should never quit what they think to be their life purpose... 
A.Let go of your life goal and live in the momentB.You have to live it and you have to be your own bossC.Try to recognise your talent, your ability and your skillsD.and it proves that only efforts can make a big difference E.Make timely adjustment and run in other directionsF.The rest is all just there to confuse and depress you, so don’t let itG.but they don’t tell you that it should only apply to your true dreams
答案 G　解析 根据设空前的逗号可知, 设空处为D项或G项, 根据设空后一句中表述的 “他们告诉人们要不断尝试直到成功, 但是这种努力只应该被用于自己生活中真正想要的东西”上可知, G项符合语境。选项中的they指代前面的these messages, 也与后面的they相一致。
技法3　逻辑关系法　 英语中段落之间、句子之间经常会运用关联词表示衔接或过渡, 以使文章更加连贯、表达更加清楚, 因此文章中表示各种逻辑关系的关联词在选择答案时都是很好的线索。
【典例印证】(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 　36　 So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway. ...
A.Not all the customers are tourists.B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.E.That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.G.The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
思维流程第一步: 设空处后位于段中, 属于上下文关联句。第二步: 分析语境与选项。根据下文的 “So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.” 可知, 这里表示所以“我” 们做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵的六楼公寓。据此可推测, 设空处的内容与下一句之间构成了因果关系。F项 “我们的目的是看一下, 在某种程度上, 我们能否像真正的巴黎人那样生活。” 与下文能够形成因果关系。第三步: 比对选项, 确定答案为F项。
【对点微练习】A(2021·湖北九师联盟质量检测)... Download the latest security updates. 　38　 Instead, you are more often attacked because of bugs (漏洞) that have been publicly reported, and that security updates have been published. If you do not download the updates on time, you do not get the benefit of the work of the security engineers. ...
A.Be aware of fishing.B.Don’t use 1234567890.C.Keep passwords in different places.D.Don’t read and reply those strange emails.E.It includes stealing the passwords of your online accounts.F.But even such basic steps can make your accounts much more secure.G.Usually, you are not attacked because of those problems that nobody knows about.
答案 G　解析 根据设空后的 “Instead, you are more often attacked because of bugs that have been publicly reported, and that security updates have been published.” 可知, 经常受到攻击的原因是已经公开报告的漏洞和已经发布的安全更新。由句中的Instead可推知, 设空处表达的内容应该是与之相反的, G项 “通常, 你不会因为那些不为人知的程序漏洞而受到攻击。” 符合语境。故选G项。
B(2021·北京朝阳质检)... The answer was Athens, during the 2004 Olympic Games. Its sister competition—the Paralympics—included many athletes who were born blind. 　36　 Working with a professional photographer, Tracy and Matsumoto compared the body language of 108 competitors, 41 of whom had lost their sight, and 12 of whom were blind from birth. The photographer repeatedly took pictures of these athletes after their competitions, and the researchers carefully recorded the positions of their heads, arms and bodies... 
A.They are inborn behaviours and are accompanied by their own distinct sets of actions.B.In fact, the culture was found to have only a very small effect on their body language.C.Therefore, they could not have witnessed how other people reacted to winning and losing.D.The result suggested that the athletes were showing their pride based on careful observation.
E.The athletes’ behaviours give strong evidence that they have had the actions naturally since birth.F.Analysing the data, they found that the sighted and sightless athletes behaved in almost exactly the same ways.G.In particular, they wanted to know whether these expressions were culturally determined and learned through observation.
答案 C　解析 根据上文的 “Its sister competition—the Paralympics—included many athletes who were born blind.” 可知, 奥运会的姊妹比赛——残奥会包括许多天生失明的运动员。上文提到残奥会包括许多眼睛看不见的运动员, 本句与上文构成因果关系, C项 “因此, 他们无法目睹其他人对成功和失败的反应。” 符合语境, 选项中的Therefore是关键词。故选C项。
No.4　真题实战•经典对练拿高分
Group 1
A(2021·全国甲卷)Swap, Don’t shop!You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn’t end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources (资源) to make, and buying loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you’re-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor? 　1　. It’s the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time. 
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun it had. It’s really easy to do! Here are a few pointers. ●Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection. 　2　, and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.  ● 　3　. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home. 
●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 　4　. Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on. ●Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. 　5　. And don’t forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it’s a party! 
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法——衣物交换派对, 以及一些具体的流程。
A.Less people than thatB.Hold a clothing swapC.If two people are competingD.Just keep music playing throughoutE.Donate whatever clothes are left overF.Have everyone put their clothes in the right spotsG.Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
1.答案 B　解析 根据上文的 “So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you’re-maybe-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor?” 提出关于如何解决旧衣物的问题。下文的 “It’s the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.” 提到了具体处理旧衣物的方法。所以设空处应起承上启下的作用。因而设空处是提出了一种处理旧衣物的好方法。B项 “Hold a clothing swap.(进行衣物交换。)” 给出了一种处理旧衣物的方法, 承上启下, 符合语境。故选B项。
2.答案 A　解析 根据上文的 “Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection.” 说明了应该邀请的人数。下文的 “and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.” 可知, 多于或少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以设空处应是针对下文中的more than that提出的相反的假设, 即少于一定数量的人。A项 “Less people than that(少于这些人)”提出一种假设, 和下文中more than that相对, 说明人数不宜太多, 也不能太少, 符合语境。故选A项。
3. 答案 G　解析 根据下文的 “They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their ‘new’ clothes home.” 可知, 去的时候应该为交换所得的 “新衣服” 准备袋子。G项内容说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服, 其中的bring和下文中carry相对, 都是为交换衣物所做的准备。下文中的also也是提示词, 并且其中They指代G项的everyone。故选G项。
4. 答案 F　解析 根据上文的 “Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.” 可知, 衣服应该归类放置。下文的 “Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.” 提到了放置镜子的意义。由此可见, 本段讲述的是房间里的一些具体的做法, 所以设空处一样要提出人们在房间里要做什么。F项 “Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots.” 说明每个人应该按照不同类型把衣服摆放在相应的位置, 符合语境。故选F项。
5.答案 D　解析 根据上文的 “Set a starting time. Maybe you say ‘go,’ or turn on a certain song, or whatever.” 可知, 只要打开音乐或其他什么聚会就开始了。根据下文的 “And don’t forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it’s a party!” 可知, 聚会上应该提供一些派对该有的服务。因而, 设空处应是承接上文, 讲述聚会期间要保持应有的内容。D项 “Just keep music playing throughout.” 承上启下, 说明在派对上要有音乐, 与前文形成意义上的一致, 符合题意。故选D项。
【帮你拓知识】必背单词①swap v.交换(东西)②(熟词生义)score v.获得; 取得③pointer n.建议; 提示重点语块④end with 以……结束⑤loads of 大量;许多⑥do with 处理⑦get rid of 扔掉
精彩句式⑧Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.在你的房间周围放几面镜子, 这样人们试穿时就能看到衣服的样子。
B(2021·全国乙卷)According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party.　1　, if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers. 
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living?”, you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking to. 　2　, it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation. 　3　? If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox(讲台). If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. 　4　. 
And what about that other dinner-party killer:awkward silence? If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment(赞扬).　5　. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.” So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.
A.How do you know the hostB.The first step is to go exploringC.If you ask the question “How did you get here?”D.Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangersE.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to sayF.What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talkingG.He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍在晚餐聚餐时如何做一个有趣的人, 给出了几点建议。全文为典型的总分总结构。1.答案 B　解析 第一段总起, 指出文章的中心思想。本段紧随其后, 提出第一条建议。故选B项。2.答案 C　解析 下文提到骑车或者坐公共汽车, 可知接下来要问的问题是 “你怎么来的?”。故选C项。
3. 答案 F　解析 下文说的是: “如果你拿不走他们的酒, 就拿走他们的讲台。” 可知这里是问 “万一碰到喝多酒的人或者不停说话的人怎么办?”。故选F项。4.E　解析 上句是应对醉酒或者喋喋不休的人的第一种解决办法。这里是第二种解决办法:或者把对话变成一个他们没什么可说的话题。故选E项。5. 答案 G　解析 上句提到如果出现尴尬的沉默, 可以通过赞扬主人来缓解尴尬氛围。因此接下来应选择过渡句 “她/他(主人)是受尴尬影响最重的人”。故选G项。
【帮你拓知识】必背单词①adventurous adj.有冒险精神的;大胆开始的②awkwardness n.尴尬重点语块③show up 如约赶到④other than 除了……以外⑤bring in 带来;引入
精彩句式⑥If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment.如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尴尬的沉默, 唯一能让大家再次交谈的方法就是赞美主人。
C(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. 　1　 Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.  People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking.” 　2　 Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.  
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one. 　3　 Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker. 　4　 And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.  
5　 It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer.” On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever!” So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.  
A.Do the opposite.B.You want to be an effective public speaker.C.You don’t need to apologize for a minor slip.D.When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.E.The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience.F.Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners.G.However,the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何成为一名受人欢迎的演讲者给出了一些建议, 即注意和听众互动, 在有错误时应继续往下讲, 不断练习等。1. 答案 G　解析 上一句提到 “一些人生来就有公开演讲的天赋”, 与此承接的语意应该是另一些人则要经过后天培训, 故选G项 “然而, 大多数人能成为有影响力的演说家, 是因为他们受过训练”。G项中的the majority of people对应上一句的some individuals, train to be对应上一句的are born with。
2.答案 A　解析 前面一句说的是 “当你站在公众面前演讲时, 大多数情况下你关注的是公众, 却牺牲了演讲”, 言外之意, 作者认为演讲者应关注演讲本身而不是公众, 故选A项 “反过来做”。F项虽然也提到要关注 “听众”, 但是选项中的 “the fear” 前文中没有提到, 因而排除。3.答案 C　解析 前文说的是 “即使最成功的演说家也会犯错……所以, 除非错误非常严重, 否则犯了错也不要停止演讲”。由此可推断设空处应该与 “犯错” 有关, 故C项 “你没有必要为小失误而道歉”。a minor slip(小错误)与前文的 a mistake为同义替换。
4.答案 B　解析 由前一句 “你的目标不是成为一名完美的演说家” 可以锁定B、E两个选项。但后一句 “就像生活中的其他一切事情一样, 这需要练习” 中有关键词 “that”, 因此空格处应提及 “that” 指代的内容, 故选B项 “你想成为一名有影响力的演说家”, 这是需要加以练习的。5.答案 D　解析 设空后提到 “很少听到有人会说:‘我希望演讲者能讲得更久一些。’” 另外, 本段还给出了建议 “总是让你的演讲比预期的稍短一点”, 由此可知, 位于本段段首的空格处应与缩短演讲时间有关。D项 “说到公开演讲, 通常越少就是越多” 符合本段主题。此处的less指的是less time, more指的是more benefits或者more gains。
【帮你拓知识】必背单词①individual n. 个人②principle n.原则③wander v. 漫游; 游离④presentation n. 展示; 陈述⑤anticipate v.预料; 预期
重点语块⑥focus on关注; 集中于⑦at the expense of 以……为代价; 牺牲了……精彩句式⑧Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking.然而, 唯一在意任何错误的人就是那个正在演讲的人。
Group 2
A(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace CommunicationIn Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. 　1　. It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.  Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. 　2　, encouraging better and more frequent communication.  
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. 　3　. While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.  There is also the matter of tone(语气). Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day?　4　. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.  
　5　, and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.  
A.Messages with emojis feel more conversationalB.Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendlyC.Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strangeD.The popularity of these platforms is spreading globallyE.Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestlyF.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplaceG.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了表情符号在职场沟通中的重要作用。1. 答案 D　解析 根据上文出现的messaging platforms和下文出现的western countries可知, 信息平台在全球迅速普及开来。故选D项。2. 答案 A　解析 根据前一句出现的emojis和下文的结果状语可知, 此处表示带有表情符号的信息更有利于交谈。故选A项。
3. 答案 G　解析 上文提到, 办公室里的人们年龄不同, 交流方式可能是一个挑战, 由此推知此处应该是解决方案。故选G项。4. 答案 B　解析 根据上文出现的annoying和下文出现的friendlier可知, B项承上启下, 符合语境。故选B项。5. 答案 F　解析 根据下文的that positive outcome可知, F项中的a happier workplace刚好与之吻合。故选F项。
【帮你拓知识】必背单词①intention n. 意图; 目的②visually adv. 形象化地; 视觉地; 看得见地③conversational adj.用于交谈的重点语块④be softened with 被软化⑤contribute directly to直接导致; 直接有助于⑥positive outcome积极的结果
精彩句式⑦In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. 在任何一个办公室里, 员工的年龄可以从22岁到70岁甚至更大, 在沟通风格上找到共同领域可能是一个挑战。
B(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. 　1　 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.  
　2　 Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.  　3　 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 　4　 
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 　5　 Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm.  
A.This isn’t usual though. B.It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party. C.You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests. D.If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place. E.It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like. F.The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together. G.This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了 “温锅” 聚餐这一习俗的相关内容。1. 答案 E　解析 上文提到 “温锅” 是朋友和家人对乔迁新居的人进行的一种祝贺方式, 下文讲 “温锅” 也是在用爱和礼物来填充新空间的时刻。由此可以推知, 设空处很有可能也是在讲有关 “温锅” 的意义。结合语境内容可知, E项中的代词It指housewarming party, 而且also表明了和上一句之间的逻辑关系。故选E项。2.答案 B　解析 结合空后内容可知, 此段主要讲 “温锅” 的时候, 人们通常会带礼物。故选B项。
3.答案 C　解析 根据文中的 “... there isn’t a lot of food served.” 可知, 此处讲的是人们来参加乔迁派对时也可以带着食物, 据此可知C项 “你也可以带着食物和饮料与其他客人一同分享” 符合语境。4.答案 A　解析 根据设空前的 “... people may be asked to help unpack boxes.” 可知, 此处是在描述派对活动时可能会做的事情, A项 “不过这并不常见” 是对设空前内容的补充。A项中的代词This指代空前的people may be asked to help unpack boxes这种情况。5. 答案 G　解析 此段中的firewood和central heating是答题的关键。这与G项中的keep their home warm for the winter的表述一致。
【帮你拓知识】必背单词①register v.登记②registry n.登记处; 注册处重点语块③congratulate... on祝贺……④decorate... with... 用……装饰……
精彩句式⑤Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 乔迁派对之所以得名, 事实上是在很久以前, 人们确实会把木柴作为礼物带到新家。
C(2020·浙江卷)I experienced years of loneliness as a child. 　1　 His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids of my age in the neighborhood, I had to spend hours by myself.  
A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every evening. 　2　 I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated from typical children’s books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me. 　3　 
My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me. When my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were. 　4　 I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. It was a trait(特点) others found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me.  
　5　 My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season. My brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and so much more. They’re all memories I treasure today.  
A.I wasn’t alone any longer. B.I enjoyed reading stories aloud. C.I was invited to play with another kid. D.I loved the colorful photographs in the books. E.Another habit I formed early was being outdoors. F.Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things. G.My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者分析了自己几个生活习惯的成因。1. 答案 G　解析 根据设空后一句 “His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine.” 可知, 设空句应提及His的身份, 即G项中的My older brother。故选G项。
2.答案 D　解析 根据设空前一句提到 “我对书写字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候” 和下文提到 “我很快就从典型的儿童读物变成了插图少、章节多的书” 可知此处应指 “我喜欢书中的彩色照片” 与上句构成递进与下文形成对比。结合选项可知D项最符合语境。故选D项。3.答案 A　解析 根据前一句提到阅读为 “我” 打开了新世界可知, 接下来应描述作者的感受。结合选项可知A项 “我不再孤独” 与设空前一句形成了因果关系, 符合语境。故选A项。
4. 答案 F　解析 根据前一句 “当我的母亲看到我的创作时, 她说我的设计很有创意” 及下文make things和F项making things属于同词复现。故选F项。5. 答案 E　解析 根据后一句 “无论天气或季节, 我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外” 可知关键词outside, 结合选项可知E项outdoors属于同词复现。故选E项。
【帮你拓知识】必背单词①tease v.取笑; 戏弄②typical adj.典型的③creation n.创造; 创作④extend v.延伸; 扩大重点语块⑤on one’s own 独自⑥transform...into...把……变成
精彩句式⑦My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season. 我的父母总是让两个孩子在户外度过时光, 无论天气或季节。
Group 3
A(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)Is Fresh Air Really Good for You? We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air”. 　1　 According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.  　2　 If the air you’re breathing is clean—which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities—then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉) and your brain.  
Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). 　3　 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood(情绪). Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 　4　 It gives us a great feeling of peace.  
　5　While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D.To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that’s plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day’s worth of Vitamin D. 
A.Fresh air cleans our lungs. B.So what are you waiting for? C.Being in nature refreshes us. D.Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight. E.But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said? F.Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care. G.All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章论述了呼吸新鲜空气对身体健康的重要性。1. 答案 E　解析 根据设空后面的the answer is a big YES 可知该空是一个疑问句, 因此答案锁定在B项和E项之间。句意:我们一直听着人们说 “出门呼吸一下新鲜空气” 长大, 但是新鲜空气真的有你妈妈一直说的那么有益吗?根据最近的研究, 如果在你露营的区域空气质量好的话, 答案是肯定的。故选E项。
2.答案 A　解析 这一空出现在第二段段首, 是全段的总起句, 后文说到如果空气干净, 那么空气中就会充满有活力的氧气, 会有更多的氧气输送到肌肉和大脑中, 氧气是由肺部吸入的, 因此A项中的 “lungs” 与此段话吻合。故选A项。3. 答案 G　解析 本段第一句属于总起句, 表明新鲜空气对治疗病人有帮助。G项中的recovery centers以及Healing Gardens对应该空前面的healing和该空后面的recovery。
4.答案 C　解析 第三段讲的是亲近自然对身体的好处, 且后一句话主语是It, C项中的主语Being in nature与之相对应。5.答案 D　解析 第四段讲述空气新鲜的地方阳光更充足。D项中的sunlight 对应本段中的the sun’s rays。
【帮你拓知识】必背单词①refresh v.使恢复精力重点语块②a great feeling of peace 宁静的感觉③associate... with... 将……与……联系起来④recovery center 康复中心
精彩句式⑤It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood. 事实证明, 只要看着绿色的、生长的东西, 就能减轻压力, 降低血压, 让人心情更好。
B(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question: “Should I jump?”This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin. 　1　 Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.  　2　 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set your goals.  
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 　3　 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you move forward.  Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 　4　 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.  
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 　5　 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.  You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.
A.This can affect your work. B.So how should you motivate yourself? C.However, this should not discourage you. D.So why should we try to set specific goals? E.They can change according to circumstances. F.Motivation is what you need most to do a good job. G.Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何激励自己、保持动力、达成目标提出了几点建议。1. 答案 G　解析 根据上文提到的 “Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin.” 以及下文提到的 “Like the child on the diving board...” 可知, G项可以承接上文。其中motivation和goal为原词复现。
2.答案 B　解析 根据下文提到的 “More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal?” 可知, B项 “So how should you motivate yourself?” 可承接上下文。3.答案 A　解析 根据上文提到的 “There are times when your heart is not in your work.” 可知, A项 “This can affect your work.” 是上文的结果。
4. 答案 E　解析 根据上文提到的 “Remember that goals are flexible.” 可知, E项 “They can change according to circumstances.” 是对上文的进一步说明。5.答案 C　解析 上文提到 “个人情况同等重要”, 并以因视力差不能达成当飞行员的目标为例子, 再结合下文的 “你应该重新评估你的目标, 并激励自己去设定一个新的目标” 可知, C项和上文构成转折关系, 同时起到引起下文的作用。
【帮你拓知识】必背单词①motivation n.动机②evaluate v.评价③commitment n.承诺; 保证④flexible adj.灵活的⑤measurable adj.可测量的; 可度量的
重点语块⑥be directly related to... 与……有直接联系⑦reassess one’s goal 重新评估目标⑧according to circumstances 根据情况精彩句式⑨Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. 设定现实目标的另一种方法是分析你的短期和长期目标, 牢记你的信念、价值观和优势。
C(2019·全国Ⅲ卷)In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 　1　 While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic(逻辑)of each to their particular circumstance.  Do’s•　2　 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus(教学大纲)and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn’t hiding in plain sight.  
•Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 　3　 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.  Don’ts•Don’t share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 　4　 
•Don’t openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 　5　 When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor’s professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.  
A.That’s what they are for. B.Turn to an online instructor for help. C.If more information is needed, they will ask. D.Remember that online professors get a lot of emails. E.Below are some common do’s and don’ts for online learners. F.Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another. G.Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在选修网络课程时如何与授课教师建立健康有益的互动交流。1. 答案 E　解析 上文提到 “在选修网络课程时与授课教师建立健康有益的互动交流非常重要”, 结合下面提到的Do’s和Don’ts可知, E项可承接上下文。2. 答案 G　解析 根据下文的 “Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions...” 可知, 本部分介绍的是问问题, G项中的Ask questions为同词复现。
3.答案 A　解析 根据上文提到的 “参与讨论论坛、博客和其他开放式对话论坛” 可知, A项 “这就是他们的目的” 可承接上文。4.答案 C　解析 本部分的主题句为 “Don’t share personal information or stories. 不要分享个人信息和经历”。C项 “如果需要更多的信息, 他们会询问” 可有效地承接上文。
5. 答案 F　解析 根据本部分的主旨句 “不要公开表达对教授或课堂的不满” 可知, F项 “每个人都曾经上过不太好的课” 可以和上文构成因果关系。
【帮你拓知识】必背单词①financial adj. 金融的; 财政的重点语块②pattern of communication 交流模式③management system information 管理系统信息④in plain sight 显而易见; 一览无遗⑤stay on topic紧扣主题; 不要离题⑥offer irrelevant information提供无关的信息⑦make a point表明一种看法⑧express annoyance at sb对某人表示生气
精彩句式⑨If there is truly a concern about a professor’s professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.如果真的担心教授的专业水平或能力, 一定要使用在线课程评估, 冷静地给出你的意见。
本课结束