外研中考英语 42. 第三部分题型二阅读理解 PPT课件

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这是一份外研中考英语 42. 第三部分题型二阅读理解 PPT课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了2021柳州，微技能3 词义猜测，微技能1 细节理解，微技能4 数字计算，图解技巧等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1. 语篇特点：近6年阅读理解A篇文体主要为记叙文，词数通常在110词～170词左右，话题主要为幽默故事。2. 考查方式：以细节理解题为主，偶尔涉及推理判断题。
类型一　判断正误型(阅读A)
1. 语篇特点：(1)B篇以记叙文为主，词数130180，生词数0～2个，教育故事(6年4考，均在文末点明意义)、人物经历(2017)及普通人物介绍(2016)；(2)C篇每年均为图表类，且以广告图表为主，一般3～4个表格(3个为主)，生词数1～3个。2. 考查方式：细节理解题(6年48考)、词义猜测题(6年5考)、推理判断题(6年4考)、数字计算题(6年3考)。
类型二　一般选择型(阅读B、C)
微技能2 推理判断
微技能1 细节理解(6年48考)
主要考查学生运用略读、跳读、扫读等技巧快速浏览文章，发现文章中的细节信息，抓取关键信息，定位到原文中来解题。此技能比较简单，此处不做详细讲解。
微技能2 推理判断(6年4考)
此类试题要求考生对文章中的内容及作者的思路作出合理的判断和推理，也就是要运用逻辑推理能力推断出隐含在文章中的事实及暗示的含义。其常见的设问方式有：(1)Why did the ld wman give Andrew all her flwers？(2021.60)(2)Yu can prbably find the infrmatin in ________．(2020.65)(3)What can we learn frm the ntes？(2019.65)(4)What can we knw abut Mary？(2016.65)
隐含推断题——逻辑分析推隐含(6年3考)
(2021柳州阅读B节选改编)
Lking at him with sympathy, the ld wman gave Andrew all her flwers and said，“Pr yung man, take these. Yu need them mre than I d.”60. Why did the ld wman give Andrew all her flwers? A. Because she thught Andrew was prer than her. B. Because she thught these flwers meant nthing t her. C. Because she thught Andrew wanted these flwers withut paying.
剖析：题干意为：为什么这位老妇人把她所有的花都给了安德鲁？根据文中“‘Pr yung man, take these. Yu need them mre than I d.'”可推测出老妇人给花的原因是她认为安德鲁比她穷，更需要花。故选A。
Paragraph 1(2021安徽阅读B节选改编)“Mike des well in all subjects，” his mther said. “When he has difficulties, he will try t find a way ut.” His father was satisfied with Mike's nnacademic(非学业的) achievements. “They mean much mre，” his father said.
( ) 1. What can we learn abut Mike's parents? A. They are prud f their sn Mike. B. They help Mike with all subjects. C. They care mre abut Mike's grades.
Paragraph 2(2021河南阅读B节选改编)Fifty years ag, I liked thrwing stnes because I had n ther by t play with and I became very skillful. One day I went t wrk fr an ld cuple wh were very friendly t everybdy, even t the birds. And the birds seemed t lve the ld cuple, t. Fr seven years a bird had cme and built her nest (鸟巢) in the same place.( ) 2. Which wrd can best describe the ld cuple? A. Kind. B. Strict. C. Prud.
文章出处题——语言特色推出处(2020.65)
(2020柳州阅读C节选)
Ht ClubD yu like t play table tennis? D yu want t play it well? Mr Smith is a gd teacher. Yu can cme here every Saturday frm 2: 30 pm t 5: 30 pm. Telephne: 86657868. Address: Rm 15, Lantian Htel.
65. Yu can prbably find the infrmatin in ________． A. a stry bk　 B. a newspaper　 C. a dictinary
剖析：题干意为：你或许可以在________找到这些信息。根据表格中的内容可知，这条信息是招生信息，由此可推知，我们或许可以在报纸上看到这些信息。故选B。
Paragraph 3(2021宜宾阅读A节选改编)It is reprted that the cst f living has been rising arund the wrld in recent years. In the study, 214 cities wrldwide were surveyed. S, which cities are the mst expensive t live in?( ) 3. We can usually read the article in ________． A. a gegraphy bk B. a science fictin C. a survey reprt
观点态度题——依据措辞定态度
(2020沈阳阅读C节选改编)
Everyne has his r her wn pinin(观点) f the wrld. And everyne believes different things. It's a gd thing t have different friends with different pinins because yu can each share yur wn.
36. What's the writer's attitude(看法) abut peple's differences? A. Respect each ther. B. Only believe yurself. C. Sharing isn't needed.
剖析：题干意为：作者对于人们的不同持什么看法？根据最后一句“It's a gd thing...”可知作者是赞同的，认为这是好事，人们应该彼此尊重。故选A。
Paragraph 4 (2021安徽阅读D节选改编)Accrding t the finding f a new UN reprt, the wrld wastes abut nesixth f the fd each year. That's abut 1, 030, 000, 000 tns, r 121 kilgrams fr each persn n the what can we d t stp fd waste? Small actins make a difference. Each f us can play a part. Next time, befre yu thrw, think twice!
( ) 4. What is the purpse f the text? A. T cllect mney. B. T call fr actin. C .T get sme advice.
Paragraph 5(2021云南省卷阅读A节选改编)“The little bamb tree had been grwing undergrund in the past fur years, develping a rt strng enugh fr its grund grwth(生长) in the fifth year. If it hadn't dne this, it wuld nt be s strng. S yu knw, all the time yu were struggling, yu were actually grwing strng rts.” the ld man said. Finally, the man thanked the ld man deeply. Then he left the frest with the hpe fr life.( ) 5. The yung man felt ________ after hearing what the ld man said t him. A. sad　　　 B. disappinted　　　 C. hpeful
微技能3 词义猜测(6年5考)
词义猜测题是近5年柳州中考阅读必考的一个设题类型，它要求学生不但要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的阅读量，认识或掌握较多的课外词汇。所涉及的单词有两种情况：①超纲词(2021.59，2020.60, 2018.60, 2017.60)；②熟词生义(2019.60)。其常见的设问方式有：(1)The underlined wrd “...” in Paragraph ________ in Chinese.(2020.60, 2019.60, 2018.60, 2017.60)(2)What des the underlined wrd “...” prbably mean？(2021.59)
利用“上下文关系”猜测词义(6年4考)
利用上下文提供的情景和线索进行符合逻辑的综合分析，并以此来猜测词义。
Andrew said cldly, “I haven't gt ne dllar in my pcket. Please g away！” Lking at him with sympathy, the ld wman gave Andrew all her flwers and said，“Pr yung man, take these. Yu need them mre than I d.”
59. What des the underlined wrd “sympathy” prbably mean? A. Regret.　　　 B. Pity.　　　 C. Surprise.
剖析：题干意为：画线单词“sympathy”可能是什么意思？A.后悔；B.同情；C.惊讶。根据老妇人的话“‘Pr yung man, take these. Yu need them mre than I d.' ”以及后面老妇人的做法可以推断出老妇人听到年轻人的话认为年轻人很穷，所以同情地看着他。故选B。
Paragraph 6 (2020河北阅读D节选改编)Think abut all the ther service wrkers we have in this cmmunity. We have peple wh cllect waste and rubbish and keep ur cmmunity sanitary. We have rad wrkers wh put up and repair traffic signs and fix hles in the streets t prtect nt just us, but ur cars! And where wuld this cmmunity be withut the teachers in ur schl and the dctrs, and nurses in ur cmmunity hspitals?( ) 6. What des the underlined wrd “sanitary” mean? A. Clean. B. Safe. C. Quiet.
通过“生活常识”猜测词义(2017.60)
有些生词需要我们利用科普知识和生活常识来推测其含义。已有的生活经验或常识，往往会给阅读后的理解提供有力支持。借助已知的，推测陌生的，这就上升到了阅读能力的提高，使生词的理解成为可能。
(2017柳州阅读B节选)
We were very happy n that day because we did a gd deed(行为). I think it is necessary fr us teenagers t learn hw t respect(尊重) and take care f thers. What's mre, it is als a traditinal virtue t help the ld.60. The underlined wrd “virtue”in this paragraph means________ in Chinese. A. 陋习 B. 过失 C. 美德
剖析：题干意为：此段画线单词“virtue”的汉语意思是_______。根据前一句“I think it is necessary fr us teenagers t learn hw t respect(尊重) and take care f thers.”并结合常识及关键词“traditinal”可知此处指帮助老人是一种传统美德。故选C。
Paragraph 7 (2020安徽阅读D节选改编)Every week, the team g alng the river t cllect waste and make sure n ne is fishing n the river. Sme f the waste they cllect is sent t the dispsal statin, while sme that can be reused is sld. S far, they have cleaned ver 50 tns f waste. Thanks t their hard wrk, the Yangtze River is getting clearer.( ) 7. What des the underlined wrd “dispsal” in this paragraph mean? A. 处理 B. 传播 C. 救护
通过“构词法”猜测词义
Hmesickness Night By Li BaiBefre my bed a pl f light，Can it be harfrst n the grund?Lking up, I find the mn bright；Bwing, in hmesickness I'm drwned.
59. In Pem 3, the underlined wrd “Hmesickness” means ________ in Chinese. A. 思乡 B. 忧国 C. 壮志
剖析：题干意为：在古诗3中，画线单词“Hmesickness”的汉语意思为________。Hmesick可分为Hme和sick，Hme意为“家，家乡”，sick意为“生病的，不舒服的”，再结合备选项可知“思乡”符合词意。故选A。
Paragraph 8 (2020广东阅读B节选改编)Hwever, frm 2012 t 2016, paching(偷猎) and illegal trade in the elephants increased rapidly. Eightythree elephants were lst in 2015 alne, and anther fiftyne elephants were killed in 2016.“If this situatin ges n, all the Gurma elephants will be killed by 2020，” said a member f MEP.( ) 8. What des the wrd “illegal” in this paragraph mean in Chinese? A. 公平的 B. 合理的 C. 非法的
Paragraph 9 (2020长沙阅读A节选改编)Dickens wrte abut situatins and emtins that still interest peple. He used his pen t fight scial inequality and gave vice t the pr. His wrks led t many imprtant scial changes. Readers always enjy seeing pr peple rise and succeed.( ) 9. What des the underlined wrd “inequality” mean in this paragraph? A. 不平等 B. 不现实 C. 不稳定
利用“举例”猜测词义　
Cnsider cnsumer rbtics. There's huge ptential fr rbts t help us. But hme rbtics cmpanies seem t keep flding. Fr example, scial rbt maker Jib clsed in March after raising almst $73 millin.
(2021北京海淀第一学期期末阅读D节选)
51. The underlined wrd “flding” in this paragraph prbably means ________． A. shutting B. separating C. grwing
剖析：根据画线单词所在句的后一句“Fr example, scial rbt maker Jib clsed in March after raising almst $ 73 millin.”可知，此处通过举例对画线单词进一步解释说明，由句中的“clsed”可知此处表示关闭。故选A。
Paragraph 10(2021绍兴阅读C节选改编)Living in a village prvides him with unique experiences, he says, quite different frm busy life in big cities, such as Shanghai, where he studies. And he has been a pleasant surprise t the villagers as well. Villager Ba Mingyue, 76, says, “T ur surprise, the yung Russian nt nly knws hw t ck Chinese fd but is interested in wrking in the fields.”( ) 10. The underlined wrd “unique” prbably means “________”． A. cmmn B. special C. similar
Paragraph 11 (2019宁夏阅读B节选改编)The date f the festival is said t be the date when Qu Yuan died—the fifth day f the fifth lunar mnth, s the date varies frm year t year, such as it is June 20 in 2015, June 9 in 2016, May 30 in 2017, June 18 in 2018, June 7 in 2019, June 25 in 2020 and June 14 in 2021.( ) 11. The underlined wrd“varies” in this paragraph means“________”in Chinese. A. 推迟 B. 变化 C. 提前
微技能4 数字计算(6年3考)
此类试题通常涉及：时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等的简单考查或计算。计算时应找出所隐含的信息。具体方法如下：
加减乘除巧破解(6年3考)
(2018柳州阅读C节选)
Helen Sprts CenterWant t keep fit? Cme t Helen Sprts Center.Price：￥20 each time; 10% ff fr ne mnth; 15% ff fr ne yearTime: 10：00 am－10：30 pmAddress: 28 Hedng RadTel: 3980－451
Xinglng SupermarketWelcme t the biggest shpping center in ur city!20% ff fr everything n July 1Time: 8：00 am－10：00 pm(weekend：10：30 pm)Address: 31 Bayi RadTel: 3817－378
Sunshine Restaurant Buffet(自助餐)Mre than 200 delicius fds and drinks are waiting fr yu!Price: ￥60 each (every 3 persns, ne fr free); 10% ff between July 1 and July 3Time: 11：00 am－2：30 pm; 5：30 pm－8：00 pmAddress: 10 Gngyuan RadTel: 3807－583
65. Xia Qi, tgether with five f his friends have a buffet dinner n July 2. They shuld pay ________． A. ￥160　　　　 B. ￥240　　　　 C. ￥216
剖析：题干意为：小齐和他的五个朋友在七月二号将去吃一顿自助餐。他们应该付________。根据表格第三栏“Price: ￥60 each (every 3 persns, ne fr free); 10% ff between July 1 and July 3”，再结合题干可知小齐和五个朋友一共六个人，故其中两个人可以免单，七月二号在打折期限内，故其余四人的费用可以打九折。故总共应付的钱数应为：60×4×(1－10%)＝216。故选C。
Paragraph 12 (2021遂宁阅读A节选)
The Underwater MuseumTime: July 510Age: 818Ticket: ￥50
( ) 12. Helen wants t visit the Underwater Museum with her classmate Sally. Hw much d they have t pay? A. ￥100. B. ￥50. C. ￥20.
分析近6年柳州中考真题可知，七选五还原型阅读理解主要呈现以下特点：1. 文体：均为说明文；2. 话题：事物介绍(6年3考)、咨询建议(2021，2020)和科普知识(2016)，事物介绍偏向于科普类；3. 词数：170～250之间；段落： 4～5段；生词量： 2～3个；
类型三　七选五句子还原型
4. 设空位置：在文中均匀分布，不连续设空。段落首句设空1处(不是文章的首段首句)，段落中设空3处，段尾设空1处；5. 选项：给出7个备选项，以陈述句为主，另外还会少量涉及特殊疑问句等。挖空的句子词数为6～18词。