还剩40页未读，
继续阅读
所属成套资源：中考英语复习专题教学PPT课件(广东专用)
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
中考英语复习第一部分第10节非谓语动词PPT课件(广东专用)
展开
这是一份中考英语复习第一部分第10节非谓语动词PPT课件(广东专用)，共48页。PPT课件主要包含了考点解读，易错点突破，满分突破，真题链接，模拟突破，to do，having，to learn，to make，to develop等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第十节 非谓语动词
动词的非谓语形式分为：动词不定式、动名词、分词(现在分词和过去分词)。新课程标准要求掌握的是动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语。某些动词后只能接动名词是动名词的主要考点。近几年的中考题都主要考查动词不定式。 动词不定式作宾语5年2考，作宾补5年2考，作目的状语5年1考，动名词5年0考。
一、动词不定式1.动词不定式的结构：肯定式：t d 否定式：nt t d2.动词不定式的用法
want t tell
tells / asks me t finish
wants / wanted her father t buy
t give us a talk / speech / lecture
(in rder / s as)t make everyne hear him clearly
In rder t / T make everyne hear him clearly
注意：(1)动词不定式作主语，相当于名词或代词，往往用形式主语代替，而将不定式后置。如：T learn a freign language is nt easy.＝It is nt easy t learn a freign language.学习一门外语并不容易。拓展：it代替不定式作形式主语的句型①It＋be＋形容词＋不定式：It's hard t say which ne is better.很难说哪一个更好。②It＋be＋名词＋不定式：It was great fun t have a picnic there.在那里野餐很有趣。③It＋takes / tk sb. sme time＋不定式It tk me tw hurs t finish my hmewrk.完成作业花了我两个小时。
(2)作宾语(5年2考)：不定式用在及物动词后作宾语，其后跟补足语时常用it作形式宾语，而将不定式后置，常用在think，find，feel后，如：We fund it easy t learn English.我们发现学英语是容易的。(it是形式宾语，不定式 t learn English是真正的宾语，easy是宾语补足语)拓展：find 后可用动名词作宾补，或先加形式宾语，再加形容词，最后加带t 的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从句。如：I fund him lying n the grund.我发现他躺在地上。I fund it imprtant t learn English.我发觉学英语很重要。＝I fund that t learn English is imprtant.
3．常接不定式作宾语的动词有expect，hpe，wish，plan，want，prmise，ffer，chse，decide，agree，refuse，affrd，manage，fail，prve，seem，pretend(假装)，hesitate(犹豫)，wuld like等，常见这类词表示命令、打算或希望。如：He ffered t take us t the park. 他主动提出带我们去公园。注意：help后面的t可以省略。如：He helped (t) d sme husewrk. 他帮忙做了一些家务。
4．常接不定式作宾补的动词有ask，tell，teach，want，wish，warn，allw，frce，wuld like，help，encurage，advise，rder，invite，persuade等。如：I advised him t read mre English bks after class. 我建议他课后多看英文书。注意：help sb.t d中的t也可以省略。如：He helped his mther (t) d sme husewrk. 他帮助他妈妈做了一些家务。
5．疑问词“wh / which / what / when / hw / where (why除外)＋t d”，在句中可充当主语、表语、宾语和宾补。如：Hw t pen the lck is a difficult prblem.(作主语，谓语动词用单数) 怎样打开这个锁是一个难题。 The mst imprtant thing is hw t imprve my English. (作表语) 最重要的事情是如何提高我的英语水平。 I dn't knw where t ask fr advice.(作宾语) 我不知道去哪里寻求建议。 Can yu tell me what t say at the meeting?(作宾补) 你能告诉我在会议上要说些什么吗？注意：连词whether后面也可以接不定式。如：I can't decide whether t g there r nt. 我决定不了是否去那儿。
6．含有不定式的句型 (1)be＋adj.＋t d 如：The text is difficult t understand.这篇文章很难理解。 (2)be＋t＋adj.＋(fr sb.)＋t d 如：The bx is t heavy fr me t carry.这个箱子重得我搬不动了。 (3)be.＋adj.＋enugh＋t d 如：The by is ld enugh t g t schl.那个男孩够年龄去上学了。 (4)it is / was＋adj.＋(fr / f sb.)＋t d 如：It is imprtant fr us t learn English well.对我们而言，学好英语 很重要。 (5)主语＋find / think / feel＋it＋adj.＋t d 如：I find it bring t g shpping.我发现去购物很无聊。
Playing basketball and listening t music
二、动名词 动名词是一种兼有动词和名词功能的非谓语动词。1．动名词的结构：由“动词原形＋－ing” 构成，其否定形式直接在动名词前加nt。2．动名词的用法：动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、定语、宾语等。
is thinking abut making a new plan
are lking frward t receiving
reading this nvel
playing the pian
meeting her
3.含有动名词的句型be wrth ding 值得做…… be busy (in) ding sth.忙于做某事find sb.ding sth.发现某人正在做某事 keep sb. ding sth. 使某人不停地做某事spend time / mney (in) ding sth.花时间 / 钱做某事have truble / prblems / difficulty / fun (in) ding sth.做某事有困难 / 乐趣
（一）既可以接不定式又可以接动名词作宾语的动词 1.意思没什么区别的动词：begin, start, hate, like, lve 如：It began t rain.=It began raining.开始下雨了。 2.接动词不定式或动名词表达的意思有差别的动词： frget, remember, stp。如： （1）frget t d sth. 忘记要做某事（还没做） frget ding sth. 忘记做过某事（已做） ①你离开前别忘记关窗户。 Dn't ____________ the windw befre yu leave. ②你忘了在北京机场已经见过她了吗？ Have yu frgtten ___________ at Beijing Airprt?
frget t clse
(2)remember t d sth.；remember ding sth. ①记得要做某事（还没做）_________________ ②记得做过某事（已做）__________________(3)regret t d sth.；regret ding sth. ①对未做的事感到遗憾(未做)____________________ ②对做过的事感到遗憾，后悔(已做)__________________(4)stp t d sth.；stp ding sth. ①停下来去做某事（去做另一件事）__________ ②停止做某事（不做了）__________(5)g n t d sth. 继续去做某事（继续做不同的事） g n ding sth. 继续不停地做某事（同一动作的继续）
remember t d sth.
remember ding sth.
stp t d sth.
stp ding sth.
regret t d sth.
regret ding sth.
(6)try t d sth.努力做某事 try ding sth.尝试做某事(7)mean t d sth. 打算做某事 mean ding sth. 意味着做某事 (8)can't help (t) d sth. 不能帮助做某事 can't help ding sth. 情不自禁做某事
（二）stp ding 和 stp sb.(frm) ding 的用法区别
stp ding sth.意为“停止做某事”；stp sb.(frm) ding sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。如：1.老师进来的时候,学生们就停止了讲话。 When the teacher came in,the students _____________ .2.我们应该采取措施阻止人们污染河流。 We shuld d smething t _______________________ the river.
stpped talking
stp peple (frm) plluting
（三）“It is+adj.fr sb.t d sth.”和“It is+adj.f sb.t d sth”的用法区别
1.当不定式短语做主语,句型结构为“T d sth.is/was+adj.”时, 常用it作形式主语, 其构成句型为“It is +adj.(fr sb.) t d sth.”或者“It is+adj.（f sb.） t d sth.”。如：T keep healthy is imprtant.＝It is imprtant t keep healthy. 保持健康很重要。(1)你帮我学习数学，你真是太好了。 It's nice f yu _____________ my math.(2)对于我来讲,在数学方面取得好成绩很难。 ______________________ gd marks in math.
t help me with
It is difficult fr me t get
2．“It is＋adj.fr / f sb.t d sth.” 句型中，用fr还是f，取决于其前面的 形容词。如形容词为brave，clever，flish，stupid，silly，kind，nice，plite，rude，selfish等描述人物品质及性格特征的词，用f， 后面人物与形容词有主表关系。反之，用fr，常见形容词有easy，difficult，imprtant，necessary等，如： (1)对学生来说，每天打扫教室很有必要。 It is necessary ____________ the students t clean the classrm. (2)他很幸运获得了一等奖。 It is very lucky ____________ him t win first prize.
（四）不定式作宾补时省略t 的情况
1. 不定式在动词“一感(feel)二听(hear，listen t)三让(let，make，have)四看(lk at，see，watch，ntice)”后做宾补，这时不定式要省略t。（1）在使役动词后：let，make等(get除外，get sb t d sth)。如：老板让他们工作了一整晚。The bss makes them ____________ the whle night.（2）在感官动词后：see，hear，watch，ntice，sund，feel等。如：(1)我常常看见他们打扫教室。I ften see them ____________ the classrm.注意：这类动词如用于被动语态，应接带t不定式作宾补。如：(2)他们被迫整晚工作。They were made ____________ the whle night.
（3）在表示“看见、听见、感觉某人正在做某事” 时, see, hear, watch, ntice, feel, listen t等后通常接ding做宾补。 如：— Did yu ntice smene passing by?你注意到有人正经过这儿吗？ — Sure.当然。常见的此类搭配有：see sb.ding sth. 看见某人正在做某事hear sb.ding sth. 听到某人正在做某事watch sb.ding sth. 观看某人正在做某事ntice sb.ding sth. 注意到某人正在做某事feel sb.ding sth. 感觉某人正在做某事listen t sb.ding sth. 听某人正在做某事
（4）用现在分词与省去t的动词不定式做宾补时，意义有区别：前者表示正在进行(一般用持续性动词)，后者表示已经完成。如： (1)你听到鸟儿正在树上唱歌吗？ Can yu hear the bird ____________ in the tree? (2)我看见他下了公共汽车然后消失了。 I saw him ____________ the bus and disappear.
2. 其他省略t的动词不定式情况(用动词原形)（1）情态动词后 (除ught 外，ught t意思是“应该”，是情态动词，只有一种形式)如：They ught t (shuld) cme tmrrw.他们明天应当来。（2）had better(nt)d … 如：Yu had better stay there fr a night.你最好在那儿待一晚。（3）wuld rather d … than d …＝prefer t d … rather than d “宁愿做……不愿做……”如：He always prefers t ride a bike rather than ride n a crwded bus. 比起挤公交，他宁愿骑自行车。（4）Why dn't yu d … / why nt d …？ 为何不做……呢？（5）Wuld / Culd yu please (nt) d …？ 你能(不)做……吗？（6）help可带t，也可不带t，help (t) d帮助做……；help sb. (t) d sth.帮助某人做某事
（五）不定式t与介词“t”的区别t 有两种用法：一为不定式后跟动词原形；一为介词后跟名词、代词、动名词做宾语。以下为常见介词t 短语：be / get used t 习惯于 stick t 坚持 turn t 开始；着手于 devte neself t 献身于be devted t 致力于 give ne's life t 为……献出生命 lk frward t 盼望 make a cntributin t 为……做贡献 pay attentin t 注意 prefer A t B 与B相比更喜欢A（六）在need，want，require表“需要”时，后接动名词，用5主动形式表示被动意义，相当于动词不定式的被动形式。The cat needs washing.＝The cat needs t be washed. 这大衣需要清洗了。
一、非谓语动词在语法选择中的考查在语法选择中，非谓语动词的考查以t d的形式比较常见，ding的形式一般是放在介词后面。1．介词 ＋ ding(1)(2020·广州·13 题)But then，instead f ________，David picks up his bk，and reads deep int the night.A．sleep B．slept C．sleeps D．sleeping【答案剖析】考查动名词。句意：但是David拿起一本书并读到深夜，而没有去睡觉。instead f ＋ v．ing，意为“而不是做某事”。故选D。
(2)(2019·广州·3题)Perhaps they dreamed f ________ the universe.A．explre B．t explre C．explred D．explring【答案剖析】考查动名词。explre为动词原形；t explre为动词不定式；explred为过去式或过去分词；explring为现在分词或动名词。本句用动名词作为介词f的宾语。句意：也许他们梦想到宇宙探索。故选D。(3)(2016·广州·10 题)After ________ the man hw he did it，they understd he was nt lazy，but very clever.A．asking B．asked C．ask D．asks【答案剖析】考查动名词。本题为介宾结构。根据after在此处是介词并非连词，意为“在……之后”。介词后应接动名词，故选A。
2．ding sth.作宾语(2018·广州·6 题)Xian did nt stp ________ and sn shwed his talent.A．practise B．practising C．t practise D．practised【答案剖析】根据“sn shwed his talent”可推断出，他没有停止练习。stp ding sth.意为“停止做某事”；stp t d sth.意为“停下来去做某事”。故选B。3．t d表示目的(1)(2020·广州·7题)David and his dnkeys stp at a river ________．A．drink B．drinking C．drinks D．t drink【答案剖析】考查非谓语动词(t d)。根据句意可知，David和他的毛驴是停下来去喝水，所以用stp t d sth.这一固定搭配，故选D。
(2)(2019·广州·1题)Tday peple use mdern machines ________ at the sky.A．lk B．t lk C．lking D．lked【答案剖析】考查不定式。use sth.t d sth.，意为“利用某物做某事”，用不定式作目的状语。句意：今天，人们利用现代机器观察天空。故选B。(3)(2018·广州·10 题)Later，he came t Yan'an ________ music at a cllege.A．teach B．taught C．teaching D．t teach【答案剖析】根据语境可知，他去延安的一所大学教音乐，此处用不定式表目的，故选D。
4．t d作宾语补足语(1)(2020·广东·33 题)I expect each f yu ________ a kite that means smething imprtant t yu.A．make B．t make C．making D．made【答案剖析】根据题干，expect sb.t d sth.是固定短语，意为“期待某人做某事”，故选B。(2)(2017·广州·1 题)“S be a gd by and dn't get int truble. And dn't frget ________ gd care f Grandma.” Then ut she went.A．take B．taking C．t take D．takes【答案剖析】frget t d sth.表示“忘记去做某事”；frget ding sth.表示“忘记做过某事”。由“S be a gd by and dn't get int truble.”可推测此处妈妈叮嘱他不要忘记去照顾好奶奶，故选C。
5．带t d 的句型(2016·广州·8 题)When it was time fr the villagers ________ t market，they were greatly surprised t find that the man's ptates were divided perfectly int three grups.A．g B．ging C．t g D．went【答案剖析】根据本句的结构特点it was time fr the villagers … t market可知，此处运用了固定句型It is time fr sb.t d sth.，意为“对某人来说是时候做……”。应用不定式t g，意为“是村民们去市场的时候了”。故选C。二、非谓语动词在短文填空中的考查在短文填空中，非谓语动词的考查以动名词的形式出现比较常见。先根据语境确定所缺动词，然后再根据语法结构确定非谓语动词的形态。
1．(2020·成都改编)Failure is part f ________．If we fail at smething，we can still get smething frm it.【答案剖析】句意：失败是 ________ 的一部分。如果我们在某些方面失败了，我们还是可以从中有所收获。根据语境可以得出所缺动词为learn，因为f是介词，根据介词 ＋ ding的语法规则，故填learning。2．(2020·重庆A卷·78题)Fr example，yu are wrking at a jb that yu hate，and yu are dreaming f giving it up and ________ yur wn business.The thught is a start.【答案剖析】句意：例如，你从事的是你所讨厌的工作，你梦想着要放弃它，________ 你自己的事业，这种想法就是一个开始。根据语境可以得出所缺动词为start。因为f是介词，介词后用动名词，且and所并列的前后短语结构要保持一致，故填starting。
( )1.Teachers expect all their students ________ prgress day by day.(2020·青岛市)A．t make B．make C．t take D．take( )2.We can vercme all the difficulties by ________ tgether.(2020·天水市)A．wrk B．wrks C．wrking D．wrked( )3.They hpe ________ the basketball match.(2020·重庆市A卷)A．win B．wn C．t win D．winning( )4.We'd better fllw the seven-step handwashing methd ________ healthy.(2020·重庆市B卷)A．t keep B．keep C．keeping D．keeps
( )5.— Let's g t the mvies this weekend.— Srry，but my parents and I have decided ________ t Dngjiang Lake fr camping.(2020·郴州市)A．g B．ging C．t g D．went( )6.Yung peple are encuraged t wrk hard ________ their wn dreams.(2019·广东省)A．achieve B．achieves C．t achieve D．achieved( )7.— Have yu ever heard that China is building a natinwide 5G netwrk?— Right.5G will allw us ________ English mvies faster than ever.(2019·咸宁市)A．dwnlad B．dwnlads C．t dwnlad D．dwnlading
( )8.I like the TV prgram The Reader best. I think we shuld spend as much time as we can ________ in ur spare time.(2019·眉山市)A．read B．t read C．reading D．reads ( )9.The gvernment is setting up nature parks ________ prtect pandas.(2019·天津市)A．t help B．help C．helped D．helps( )10.In his email，David prmised ________ his daughter during her stay in Japan.(2019·泰州市)A．visiting B．visit C．visited D．t visit( )11.After lng years f war，many peple in Syria are hmeless. I think it imprtant ________ a peaceful wrld.(2018·广东省)A．build B．nt build C．t build D．nt t build
( )12.Every mrning，Tim ften sees sme grups f middleaged wmen ________ in the square.(2018·兰州市)A．dance B．t dance C．dances D．danced( )13.Harry invited me ________ with him when his parents were ut f twn.(2018·天津市)A．stay B．stayed C．staying D．t stay( )14.Sue practises ________ the vilin hard and ften gives wnderful perfrmances.(2018·上海市)A．play B．played C．t play D．playing( )15.Fr mre than nce，ur head teacher asks us ________ the habit f keeping a diary.(2017·广东省)A．develp B．develps C．develping D．t develp
一、单项选择( )1.— Wuld yu mind ________ here，madam?— Yu'd better ________ that. It's bad fr yu and us all.A．me t smke；nt d B．me t smke；nt t dC．my smking；nt d D．my smking；nt t d( )2.He is a silent by. He wuld rather ________ than ________．A．stay at hme；g ut B．staying at hme；ging utC．t stay at hme；t g ut D．t stay at hme；g ut( )3.The hst tld a jke at the party and made the guests ________ a lt.A．laugh B．laughing C．t laugh D．laughed
( )4.Smething must be dne ________ peple ________ plluting the air.A．t stp；t B．t stp；frm C．fr stpping；t D．f stpping；frm( )5.Remember ________ yur persnal infrmatin t strangers. It's dangerus.A．t tell B．nt t tell C．nt tell D．nt telling
二、语法选择(2020·海珠区模拟改编) On the highway，a plice fficer saw a car driving very slwly. “This driver is just as __1__ as a speeder (超速者)！” S he decided t pull the driver ver (靠边停车)． He nticed that there __2__ five ld ladies，tw in the frnt seat and three in the back，their eyes wide and faces white as ghsts. The driver __3__ knew nthing abut what happened said t him，“Officer，I was ding exactly the speed limit! What seems t be the prblem？” “Ma'am，” the fficer replied，“yu weren't speeding but yu __4__ knw that driving slwer can als be a danger t __5__ drivers. The same as a speeder.”
“N，sir.I was ding the speed limit — exactly twenty-tw kilmeters __6__ hur！” the ld wman said. The fficer，almst unable __7__ his chuckle (窃笑)，explained that “22” was the highway number，nt the speed limit. “But __8__ I let yu g，ma'am，I have t ask. Is everyne in this car OK? These wmen seem t be shaking __9__，” the fficer asked. “Oh，they'll be all right in a minute. We just __10__ ff Rute 119.”
( ) B．dangerus C．mre dangerus D．the mst dangerus( ) B．are C．was D．were( ) B．whm C．which D．/ ( ) B．will C．might D．have t( ) B．thers C．the ther D．ther( )6.A.a B．an C．the D．/ ( ) B．cntrlling C．t cntrl D．t cntrlling( ) B．after C．althugh D．if( ) B．badly C．wrse D．wrst( ) B．are getting C．will get D．gt
三、短文填空(2018·山西中考真题改编)某校计划在今年暑期开展社会实践活动。为使同学们更好地了解自己的意向，合理地规划自己的时间，学校对某年级100人进行了抽样调查，以下是相关活动的统计结果。其中，计划参加社区志愿者活动(cmmunity vlunteer wrk)的人数占66%，参与学会一种新的生活技能的人数占24%，参与庭院拍卖(yard sale)的人数占10% 。请你用两段话写一篇短文，第一段简要说明调查情况，第二段选出你感兴趣的活动项目，制订相应的计划，并说明理由。联系材料，根据上下文，用恰当的非谓语动词形式完成作文，每空词数不限。
A schl did a survey amng 100 students abut their plans fr scial practice activities during the summer vacatin. Here are the results. Sixty-six students want (1)________________ (d) cmmunity vlunteer wrk. Twenty-fur percent plan (2)________________ (learn) a new life skill. And nly ne tenth are interested in (3)________________ (have)a yard sale. In my view，it's gd (4)________________ (d) cmmunity vlunteer wrk. Ding cmmunity vlunteer wrk is ne f the best ways (5)________________ (develp) my abilities t cmmunicate and cperate. The cmmunity is a lt like a big family f different peple. First，I need (6)________________ (make) a grup f vlunteers by (7)________________ (talk) with the teenagers. Then we're ging t wrk ut different plans based n ld peple's needs.
We can als rganize sme utdr activities fr the kids and hand ut advertisements (8)________________ (better) ur envirnment. They all need us (9)________________ (cmmunicate) and wrk well with thers. Nw，I'm already lking frward t the(10)________________ (cme) vacatin.
t cmmunicate
第十节 非谓语动词
动词的非谓语形式分为：动词不定式、动名词、分词(现在分词和过去分词)。新课程标准要求掌握的是动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语。某些动词后只能接动名词是动名词的主要考点。近几年的中考题都主要考查动词不定式。 动词不定式作宾语5年2考，作宾补5年2考，作目的状语5年1考，动名词5年0考。
一、动词不定式1.动词不定式的结构：肯定式：t d 否定式：nt t d2.动词不定式的用法
want t tell
tells / asks me t finish
wants / wanted her father t buy
t give us a talk / speech / lecture
(in rder / s as)t make everyne hear him clearly
In rder t / T make everyne hear him clearly
注意：(1)动词不定式作主语，相当于名词或代词，往往用形式主语代替，而将不定式后置。如：T learn a freign language is nt easy.＝It is nt easy t learn a freign language.学习一门外语并不容易。拓展：it代替不定式作形式主语的句型①It＋be＋形容词＋不定式：It's hard t say which ne is better.很难说哪一个更好。②It＋be＋名词＋不定式：It was great fun t have a picnic there.在那里野餐很有趣。③It＋takes / tk sb. sme time＋不定式It tk me tw hurs t finish my hmewrk.完成作业花了我两个小时。
(2)作宾语(5年2考)：不定式用在及物动词后作宾语，其后跟补足语时常用it作形式宾语，而将不定式后置，常用在think，find，feel后，如：We fund it easy t learn English.我们发现学英语是容易的。(it是形式宾语，不定式 t learn English是真正的宾语，easy是宾语补足语)拓展：find 后可用动名词作宾补，或先加形式宾语，再加形容词，最后加带t 的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从句。如：I fund him lying n the grund.我发现他躺在地上。I fund it imprtant t learn English.我发觉学英语很重要。＝I fund that t learn English is imprtant.
3．常接不定式作宾语的动词有expect，hpe，wish，plan，want，prmise，ffer，chse，decide，agree，refuse，affrd，manage，fail，prve，seem，pretend(假装)，hesitate(犹豫)，wuld like等，常见这类词表示命令、打算或希望。如：He ffered t take us t the park. 他主动提出带我们去公园。注意：help后面的t可以省略。如：He helped (t) d sme husewrk. 他帮忙做了一些家务。
4．常接不定式作宾补的动词有ask，tell，teach，want，wish，warn，allw，frce，wuld like，help，encurage，advise，rder，invite，persuade等。如：I advised him t read mre English bks after class. 我建议他课后多看英文书。注意：help sb.t d中的t也可以省略。如：He helped his mther (t) d sme husewrk. 他帮助他妈妈做了一些家务。
5．疑问词“wh / which / what / when / hw / where (why除外)＋t d”，在句中可充当主语、表语、宾语和宾补。如：Hw t pen the lck is a difficult prblem.(作主语，谓语动词用单数) 怎样打开这个锁是一个难题。 The mst imprtant thing is hw t imprve my English. (作表语) 最重要的事情是如何提高我的英语水平。 I dn't knw where t ask fr advice.(作宾语) 我不知道去哪里寻求建议。 Can yu tell me what t say at the meeting?(作宾补) 你能告诉我在会议上要说些什么吗？注意：连词whether后面也可以接不定式。如：I can't decide whether t g there r nt. 我决定不了是否去那儿。
6．含有不定式的句型 (1)be＋adj.＋t d 如：The text is difficult t understand.这篇文章很难理解。 (2)be＋t＋adj.＋(fr sb.)＋t d 如：The bx is t heavy fr me t carry.这个箱子重得我搬不动了。 (3)be.＋adj.＋enugh＋t d 如：The by is ld enugh t g t schl.那个男孩够年龄去上学了。 (4)it is / was＋adj.＋(fr / f sb.)＋t d 如：It is imprtant fr us t learn English well.对我们而言，学好英语 很重要。 (5)主语＋find / think / feel＋it＋adj.＋t d 如：I find it bring t g shpping.我发现去购物很无聊。
Playing basketball and listening t music
二、动名词 动名词是一种兼有动词和名词功能的非谓语动词。1．动名词的结构：由“动词原形＋－ing” 构成，其否定形式直接在动名词前加nt。2．动名词的用法：动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、定语、宾语等。
is thinking abut making a new plan
are lking frward t receiving
reading this nvel
playing the pian
meeting her
3.含有动名词的句型be wrth ding 值得做…… be busy (in) ding sth.忙于做某事find sb.ding sth.发现某人正在做某事 keep sb. ding sth. 使某人不停地做某事spend time / mney (in) ding sth.花时间 / 钱做某事have truble / prblems / difficulty / fun (in) ding sth.做某事有困难 / 乐趣
（一）既可以接不定式又可以接动名词作宾语的动词 1.意思没什么区别的动词：begin, start, hate, like, lve 如：It began t rain.=It began raining.开始下雨了。 2.接动词不定式或动名词表达的意思有差别的动词： frget, remember, stp。如： （1）frget t d sth. 忘记要做某事（还没做） frget ding sth. 忘记做过某事（已做） ①你离开前别忘记关窗户。 Dn't ____________ the windw befre yu leave. ②你忘了在北京机场已经见过她了吗？ Have yu frgtten ___________ at Beijing Airprt?
frget t clse
(2)remember t d sth.；remember ding sth. ①记得要做某事（还没做）_________________ ②记得做过某事（已做）__________________(3)regret t d sth.；regret ding sth. ①对未做的事感到遗憾(未做)____________________ ②对做过的事感到遗憾，后悔(已做)__________________(4)stp t d sth.；stp ding sth. ①停下来去做某事（去做另一件事）__________ ②停止做某事（不做了）__________(5)g n t d sth. 继续去做某事（继续做不同的事） g n ding sth. 继续不停地做某事（同一动作的继续）
remember t d sth.
remember ding sth.
stp t d sth.
stp ding sth.
regret t d sth.
regret ding sth.
(6)try t d sth.努力做某事 try ding sth.尝试做某事(7)mean t d sth. 打算做某事 mean ding sth. 意味着做某事 (8)can't help (t) d sth. 不能帮助做某事 can't help ding sth. 情不自禁做某事
（二）stp ding 和 stp sb.(frm) ding 的用法区别
stp ding sth.意为“停止做某事”；stp sb.(frm) ding sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。如：1.老师进来的时候,学生们就停止了讲话。 When the teacher came in,the students _____________ .2.我们应该采取措施阻止人们污染河流。 We shuld d smething t _______________________ the river.
stpped talking
stp peple (frm) plluting
（三）“It is+adj.fr sb.t d sth.”和“It is+adj.f sb.t d sth”的用法区别
1.当不定式短语做主语,句型结构为“T d sth.is/was+adj.”时, 常用it作形式主语, 其构成句型为“It is +adj.(fr sb.) t d sth.”或者“It is+adj.（f sb.） t d sth.”。如：T keep healthy is imprtant.＝It is imprtant t keep healthy. 保持健康很重要。(1)你帮我学习数学，你真是太好了。 It's nice f yu _____________ my math.(2)对于我来讲,在数学方面取得好成绩很难。 ______________________ gd marks in math.
t help me with
It is difficult fr me t get
2．“It is＋adj.fr / f sb.t d sth.” 句型中，用fr还是f，取决于其前面的 形容词。如形容词为brave，clever，flish，stupid，silly，kind，nice，plite，rude，selfish等描述人物品质及性格特征的词，用f， 后面人物与形容词有主表关系。反之，用fr，常见形容词有easy，difficult，imprtant，necessary等，如： (1)对学生来说，每天打扫教室很有必要。 It is necessary ____________ the students t clean the classrm. (2)他很幸运获得了一等奖。 It is very lucky ____________ him t win first prize.
（四）不定式作宾补时省略t 的情况
1. 不定式在动词“一感(feel)二听(hear，listen t)三让(let，make，have)四看(lk at，see，watch，ntice)”后做宾补，这时不定式要省略t。（1）在使役动词后：let，make等(get除外，get sb t d sth)。如：老板让他们工作了一整晚。The bss makes them ____________ the whle night.（2）在感官动词后：see，hear，watch，ntice，sund，feel等。如：(1)我常常看见他们打扫教室。I ften see them ____________ the classrm.注意：这类动词如用于被动语态，应接带t不定式作宾补。如：(2)他们被迫整晚工作。They were made ____________ the whle night.
（3）在表示“看见、听见、感觉某人正在做某事” 时, see, hear, watch, ntice, feel, listen t等后通常接ding做宾补。 如：— Did yu ntice smene passing by?你注意到有人正经过这儿吗？ — Sure.当然。常见的此类搭配有：see sb.ding sth. 看见某人正在做某事hear sb.ding sth. 听到某人正在做某事watch sb.ding sth. 观看某人正在做某事ntice sb.ding sth. 注意到某人正在做某事feel sb.ding sth. 感觉某人正在做某事listen t sb.ding sth. 听某人正在做某事
（4）用现在分词与省去t的动词不定式做宾补时，意义有区别：前者表示正在进行(一般用持续性动词)，后者表示已经完成。如： (1)你听到鸟儿正在树上唱歌吗？ Can yu hear the bird ____________ in the tree? (2)我看见他下了公共汽车然后消失了。 I saw him ____________ the bus and disappear.
2. 其他省略t的动词不定式情况(用动词原形)（1）情态动词后 (除ught 外，ught t意思是“应该”，是情态动词，只有一种形式)如：They ught t (shuld) cme tmrrw.他们明天应当来。（2）had better(nt)d … 如：Yu had better stay there fr a night.你最好在那儿待一晚。（3）wuld rather d … than d …＝prefer t d … rather than d “宁愿做……不愿做……”如：He always prefers t ride a bike rather than ride n a crwded bus. 比起挤公交，他宁愿骑自行车。（4）Why dn't yu d … / why nt d …？ 为何不做……呢？（5）Wuld / Culd yu please (nt) d …？ 你能(不)做……吗？（6）help可带t，也可不带t，help (t) d帮助做……；help sb. (t) d sth.帮助某人做某事
（五）不定式t与介词“t”的区别t 有两种用法：一为不定式后跟动词原形；一为介词后跟名词、代词、动名词做宾语。以下为常见介词t 短语：be / get used t 习惯于 stick t 坚持 turn t 开始；着手于 devte neself t 献身于be devted t 致力于 give ne's life t 为……献出生命 lk frward t 盼望 make a cntributin t 为……做贡献 pay attentin t 注意 prefer A t B 与B相比更喜欢A（六）在need，want，require表“需要”时，后接动名词，用5主动形式表示被动意义，相当于动词不定式的被动形式。The cat needs washing.＝The cat needs t be washed. 这大衣需要清洗了。
一、非谓语动词在语法选择中的考查在语法选择中，非谓语动词的考查以t d的形式比较常见，ding的形式一般是放在介词后面。1．介词 ＋ ding(1)(2020·广州·13 题)But then，instead f ________，David picks up his bk，and reads deep int the night.A．sleep B．slept C．sleeps D．sleeping【答案剖析】考查动名词。句意：但是David拿起一本书并读到深夜，而没有去睡觉。instead f ＋ v．ing，意为“而不是做某事”。故选D。
(2)(2019·广州·3题)Perhaps they dreamed f ________ the universe.A．explre B．t explre C．explred D．explring【答案剖析】考查动名词。explre为动词原形；t explre为动词不定式；explred为过去式或过去分词；explring为现在分词或动名词。本句用动名词作为介词f的宾语。句意：也许他们梦想到宇宙探索。故选D。(3)(2016·广州·10 题)After ________ the man hw he did it，they understd he was nt lazy，but very clever.A．asking B．asked C．ask D．asks【答案剖析】考查动名词。本题为介宾结构。根据after在此处是介词并非连词，意为“在……之后”。介词后应接动名词，故选A。
2．ding sth.作宾语(2018·广州·6 题)Xian did nt stp ________ and sn shwed his talent.A．practise B．practising C．t practise D．practised【答案剖析】根据“sn shwed his talent”可推断出，他没有停止练习。stp ding sth.意为“停止做某事”；stp t d sth.意为“停下来去做某事”。故选B。3．t d表示目的(1)(2020·广州·7题)David and his dnkeys stp at a river ________．A．drink B．drinking C．drinks D．t drink【答案剖析】考查非谓语动词(t d)。根据句意可知，David和他的毛驴是停下来去喝水，所以用stp t d sth.这一固定搭配，故选D。
(2)(2019·广州·1题)Tday peple use mdern machines ________ at the sky.A．lk B．t lk C．lking D．lked【答案剖析】考查不定式。use sth.t d sth.，意为“利用某物做某事”，用不定式作目的状语。句意：今天，人们利用现代机器观察天空。故选B。(3)(2018·广州·10 题)Later，he came t Yan'an ________ music at a cllege.A．teach B．taught C．teaching D．t teach【答案剖析】根据语境可知，他去延安的一所大学教音乐，此处用不定式表目的，故选D。
4．t d作宾语补足语(1)(2020·广东·33 题)I expect each f yu ________ a kite that means smething imprtant t yu.A．make B．t make C．making D．made【答案剖析】根据题干，expect sb.t d sth.是固定短语，意为“期待某人做某事”，故选B。(2)(2017·广州·1 题)“S be a gd by and dn't get int truble. And dn't frget ________ gd care f Grandma.” Then ut she went.A．take B．taking C．t take D．takes【答案剖析】frget t d sth.表示“忘记去做某事”；frget ding sth.表示“忘记做过某事”。由“S be a gd by and dn't get int truble.”可推测此处妈妈叮嘱他不要忘记去照顾好奶奶，故选C。
5．带t d 的句型(2016·广州·8 题)When it was time fr the villagers ________ t market，they were greatly surprised t find that the man's ptates were divided perfectly int three grups.A．g B．ging C．t g D．went【答案剖析】根据本句的结构特点it was time fr the villagers … t market可知，此处运用了固定句型It is time fr sb.t d sth.，意为“对某人来说是时候做……”。应用不定式t g，意为“是村民们去市场的时候了”。故选C。二、非谓语动词在短文填空中的考查在短文填空中，非谓语动词的考查以动名词的形式出现比较常见。先根据语境确定所缺动词，然后再根据语法结构确定非谓语动词的形态。
1．(2020·成都改编)Failure is part f ________．If we fail at smething，we can still get smething frm it.【答案剖析】句意：失败是 ________ 的一部分。如果我们在某些方面失败了，我们还是可以从中有所收获。根据语境可以得出所缺动词为learn，因为f是介词，根据介词 ＋ ding的语法规则，故填learning。2．(2020·重庆A卷·78题)Fr example，yu are wrking at a jb that yu hate，and yu are dreaming f giving it up and ________ yur wn business.The thught is a start.【答案剖析】句意：例如，你从事的是你所讨厌的工作，你梦想着要放弃它，________ 你自己的事业，这种想法就是一个开始。根据语境可以得出所缺动词为start。因为f是介词，介词后用动名词，且and所并列的前后短语结构要保持一致，故填starting。
( )1.Teachers expect all their students ________ prgress day by day.(2020·青岛市)A．t make B．make C．t take D．take( )2.We can vercme all the difficulties by ________ tgether.(2020·天水市)A．wrk B．wrks C．wrking D．wrked( )3.They hpe ________ the basketball match.(2020·重庆市A卷)A．win B．wn C．t win D．winning( )4.We'd better fllw the seven-step handwashing methd ________ healthy.(2020·重庆市B卷)A．t keep B．keep C．keeping D．keeps
( )5.— Let's g t the mvies this weekend.— Srry，but my parents and I have decided ________ t Dngjiang Lake fr camping.(2020·郴州市)A．g B．ging C．t g D．went( )6.Yung peple are encuraged t wrk hard ________ their wn dreams.(2019·广东省)A．achieve B．achieves C．t achieve D．achieved( )7.— Have yu ever heard that China is building a natinwide 5G netwrk?— Right.5G will allw us ________ English mvies faster than ever.(2019·咸宁市)A．dwnlad B．dwnlads C．t dwnlad D．dwnlading
( )8.I like the TV prgram The Reader best. I think we shuld spend as much time as we can ________ in ur spare time.(2019·眉山市)A．read B．t read C．reading D．reads ( )9.The gvernment is setting up nature parks ________ prtect pandas.(2019·天津市)A．t help B．help C．helped D．helps( )10.In his email，David prmised ________ his daughter during her stay in Japan.(2019·泰州市)A．visiting B．visit C．visited D．t visit( )11.After lng years f war，many peple in Syria are hmeless. I think it imprtant ________ a peaceful wrld.(2018·广东省)A．build B．nt build C．t build D．nt t build
( )12.Every mrning，Tim ften sees sme grups f middleaged wmen ________ in the square.(2018·兰州市)A．dance B．t dance C．dances D．danced( )13.Harry invited me ________ with him when his parents were ut f twn.(2018·天津市)A．stay B．stayed C．staying D．t stay( )14.Sue practises ________ the vilin hard and ften gives wnderful perfrmances.(2018·上海市)A．play B．played C．t play D．playing( )15.Fr mre than nce，ur head teacher asks us ________ the habit f keeping a diary.(2017·广东省)A．develp B．develps C．develping D．t develp
一、单项选择( )1.— Wuld yu mind ________ here，madam?— Yu'd better ________ that. It's bad fr yu and us all.A．me t smke；nt d B．me t smke；nt t dC．my smking；nt d D．my smking；nt t d( )2.He is a silent by. He wuld rather ________ than ________．A．stay at hme；g ut B．staying at hme；ging utC．t stay at hme；t g ut D．t stay at hme；g ut( )3.The hst tld a jke at the party and made the guests ________ a lt.A．laugh B．laughing C．t laugh D．laughed
( )4.Smething must be dne ________ peple ________ plluting the air.A．t stp；t B．t stp；frm C．fr stpping；t D．f stpping；frm( )5.Remember ________ yur persnal infrmatin t strangers. It's dangerus.A．t tell B．nt t tell C．nt tell D．nt telling
二、语法选择(2020·海珠区模拟改编) On the highway，a plice fficer saw a car driving very slwly. “This driver is just as __1__ as a speeder (超速者)！” S he decided t pull the driver ver (靠边停车)． He nticed that there __2__ five ld ladies，tw in the frnt seat and three in the back，their eyes wide and faces white as ghsts. The driver __3__ knew nthing abut what happened said t him，“Officer，I was ding exactly the speed limit! What seems t be the prblem？” “Ma'am，” the fficer replied，“yu weren't speeding but yu __4__ knw that driving slwer can als be a danger t __5__ drivers. The same as a speeder.”
“N，sir.I was ding the speed limit — exactly twenty-tw kilmeters __6__ hur！” the ld wman said. The fficer，almst unable __7__ his chuckle (窃笑)，explained that “22” was the highway number，nt the speed limit. “But __8__ I let yu g，ma'am，I have t ask. Is everyne in this car OK? These wmen seem t be shaking __9__，” the fficer asked. “Oh，they'll be all right in a minute. We just __10__ ff Rute 119.”
( ) B．dangerus C．mre dangerus D．the mst dangerus( ) B．are C．was D．were( ) B．whm C．which D．/ ( ) B．will C．might D．have t( ) B．thers C．the ther D．ther( )6.A.a B．an C．the D．/ ( ) B．cntrlling C．t cntrl D．t cntrlling( ) B．after C．althugh D．if( ) B．badly C．wrse D．wrst( ) B．are getting C．will get D．gt
三、短文填空(2018·山西中考真题改编)某校计划在今年暑期开展社会实践活动。为使同学们更好地了解自己的意向，合理地规划自己的时间，学校对某年级100人进行了抽样调查，以下是相关活动的统计结果。其中，计划参加社区志愿者活动(cmmunity vlunteer wrk)的人数占66%，参与学会一种新的生活技能的人数占24%，参与庭院拍卖(yard sale)的人数占10% 。请你用两段话写一篇短文，第一段简要说明调查情况，第二段选出你感兴趣的活动项目，制订相应的计划，并说明理由。联系材料，根据上下文，用恰当的非谓语动词形式完成作文，每空词数不限。
A schl did a survey amng 100 students abut their plans fr scial practice activities during the summer vacatin. Here are the results. Sixty-six students want (1)________________ (d) cmmunity vlunteer wrk. Twenty-fur percent plan (2)________________ (learn) a new life skill. And nly ne tenth are interested in (3)________________ (have)a yard sale. In my view，it's gd (4)________________ (d) cmmunity vlunteer wrk. Ding cmmunity vlunteer wrk is ne f the best ways (5)________________ (develp) my abilities t cmmunicate and cperate. The cmmunity is a lt like a big family f different peple. First，I need (6)________________ (make) a grup f vlunteers by (7)________________ (talk) with the teenagers. Then we're ging t wrk ut different plans based n ld peple's needs.
We can als rganize sme utdr activities fr the kids and hand ut advertisements (8)________________ (better) ur envirnment. They all need us (9)________________ (cmmunicate) and wrk well with thers. Nw，I'm already lking frward t the(10)________________ (cme) vacatin.
t cmmunicate
相关课件
中考英语复习第一部分第13节宾语从句PPT课件(广东专用)： 这是一份中考英语复习第一部分第13节宾语从句PPT课件(广东专用)，共37页。PPT课件主要包含了第十三节 宾语从句，考点解读，易错点突破，模拟突破，真题链接，模拟演练，what to do等内容，欢迎下载使用。
中考英语复习第一部分第14节定语从句PPT课件(广东专用)： 这是一份中考英语复习第一部分第14节定语从句PPT课件(广东专用)，共28页。PPT课件主要包含了第十四节 定语从句，考点解读，满分突破，真题链接，模拟突破等内容，欢迎下载使用。
中考英语复习第一部分第8节动词的时态PPT课件(广东专用)： 这是一份中考英语复习第一部分第8节动词的时态PPT课件(广东专用)，共40页。PPT课件主要包含了考点解读，makes，stays，teaches，goes，tries，eating，playing，writing，swimming等内容，欢迎下载使用。
