2021届高考英语“典题”专项训练（七）

这是一份2021届高考英语“典题”专项训练（七），共9页。
Fredric Ri Marquez jined a prgram t serve fd t peple at Greenspring Retirement Cmmunity, a center perated by the cmpany Ericksn Living. By ding s, the high schl student hped t earn a schlarship fr cllege. But the prgram gave him mre than he expected, he learned t pay attentin, be patient and mve fast.
Ry and Lynn O'Cnnr mved t the Greenspring center 12 years ag. Many students keep residents updated abut their lives. They talk abut schl prjects, exams and even family issues, share their hpes and seek advice frm the residents. “It's a great atmsphere t have yur dinner being served at night by thse enthusiastic plite and cnsiderate yung peple.” he said.
Lynn O'Cnnr said the students truly care abut the peple in the cmmunity. She recalled a day when ne f the yung peple spent much extra time explaining the menu t ne f the residents. “We're like grandparents t them，” she said.
Marquez als began building special relatinships with the residents. “I get t call s many residents I gt clse t ‘grandma’ and ‘grandpa’．”
“Greenspring is ne f many senir living cmmunities in America that are getting residents t scialize mre with yung peple. Abut 4,500 students have taken part in the prgram at three Ericksn Living Centers in the Washingtn, area. Curtney Benhff, a spkespersn fr the cmpany，” said the prgram starting 20 years ag ffers students the chance t gain schlarships.
Thirty­ne students will receive schlarships this year. Each ne will receive $10,000 in schlarship mney during the fur years f cllege. Residents help raise the mney fr the prgram. The residents als chse the students wh receive schlarships. In return, the students learn valuable lessns in life.
1．What des Fredric Ri Marquez mainly d at the center?
A. Scialize with the residents.
B. Serve fd t the senir.
C. Explain menu t the residents.
D. Earn a schlarship fr cllege.
2．What d Ry and Lynn O'Cnnr think f the students?
A. They keep the senir's life updated.
B. They are cnsiderate t the residents.
C. They can learn a lt frm the senir.
D. They deserve t win the schlarships.
3．What d we knw abut the prgram?
A. It gives students the pprtunity t earn schlarships.
B. It was set up twenty years ag by Curtney Benhff.
C. It is supprted by the gvernment.
D. It enables residents t cmmunicate with mre yung peple.
text 2
Mary Krupa became friends with the grey squirrels during her first week at Penn State, after sptting them running arund and idly wndering what they wuld lk like with tiny hats n their heads. Tday, everyne at the university knws her as the "Squirrel Girl".
Mary started bringing them fd, and gradually they began t trust her. She managed t put a hat n a squirrel and take a picture. Thinking that her clleagues culd d with smething t lift their spirits, she started psting similar phts n Facebk. The respnse was greatly psitive, and befre lng Mary and her squirrels became an Internet sensatin.
Grwing up in a neighbrhd utside f State Cllege, Mary was always fnd f birds and animals arund her hme, but she didn't interact with peple very much. She was later diagnsed (诊断) with Asperger's syndrme, but the squirrels changed that. "The squirrels help me break the ice, because I'll be sitting here patting a squirrel and ther peple will cme ver and well just start like feeding the squirrels tgether and chatting abut them," she said, "I am a lt mre utging."
And in case yu're wndering hw Mary is able t get the squirrels t d what she wants fr her phts, it has a lt t d with fd. Fr example, whenever she wants them t hld r play with smething, she puts peanut butter n the prp (道具), and they'll grab it. But getting t that part tk a while. In the beginning, she wuld thrw peanuts up the trees n campus and invite the squirrels t cme dwn and get them, but they hesitated t apprach her. She had the patience t earn their trust, thugh.
This year, Mary is graduating with a degree in English and wildlife sciences. She wants t be a science writer and educate peple n hw t preserve the envirnment. As fr her furry friends, Mary plans t stay in the area and visit them as ften as she can.
4.What is the third paragraph mainly abut?
A. The reasn why Mary likes animals.
B. The reasn why Mary was ill in the past.
C. The reasn why peple cme t chat with her.
D. The big change squirrels bring t Mary.
5. What can we infer frm the passage?
A. Mary is knwn as the "Squirrel Girl" in the cmmunity.
B. Mary was mre fnd f squirrels than any ther animals.
C. Mary and squirrels received great attentin n the internet.
D. Mary wishes t educate peple n hw t prtect the animals.
6. Hw did Mary manage t take phts f squirrels wearing hats?
A. By putting them in cages.
B. By playing music t them.
C. By attracting them with clrful fd.
D. By building a clse relatinship with them.
7. Which wrds can best describe Mary?
A. Patient and caring. B. Cnfident and strng.
C. Sciable and healthy. D. Traditinal and hard-wrking.
text 3
A 1,400­year­ld Peruvian methd f diverting (转向) water culd supply up t 100 millin cubic meters f water—equal t 40,000 Olympic­size swimming pls' wrth f water t Lima each year, accrding t a new study published in Nature Sustainability. It's ne example f hw ancient methds culd supprt existing mdern nes in cuntries withut enugh water.
Mre than a billin peple acrss the wrld face water shrtages. Man­made reservirs stre rainwater and water verflw fr use during drier times. But reservirs are cstly, require years t plan and can still fail t meet water needs.
Peru's capital, Lima, depends n water frm rivers high in the Andes Muntains. It takes nly a few days fr water t flw dwn t the city. S when the dry seasn begins in the muntains, the water supply quickly disappears. The city suffers shrtages f 43 millin cubic meters during the dry seasn. It slves this with mdern structures such as man­made reservirs. These reservirs are nt the nly slutin, hwever. Over a thusand years ag, indigenus (本地的) peple develped anther way t slve water prblems.
Bris Ocha­Tcachi is a researcher at Imperial Cllege Lndn and lead writer f the study. He explred ne f the last remaining water­harvesting systems in the small muntain cmmunity f Huamantanga, Peru. The system was develped even befre the ancient Inca civilizatin.
The 1,400­year­ld system is designed t increase the water supply during the dry seasn by diverting and slwing water as it travels dwn the muntains.This nature­based methd is made f special canals that guide water frm its surce t a series f water bdies and hillsides. The water ges slwly int the grund, then flws dwnhill thrugh the sil and reappears in water bdies near the cmmunity.
The researchers measured hw much the system slwed the flw f water by injecting special dye in the highlands and nting when it reappeared in water bdies. The dyed water started t surface tw weeks later and cntinued flwing fr eight mnths—a huge imprvement ver the hurs r days it wuld nrmally take.
8．Hw much water des an Olympic­size swimming pl need?
A. 4,000 cubic meters. B. 2,500 cubic meters.
C. 1,000 cubic meters. D. 1,400 cubic meters.
9．What can be learned abut the ancient water system?
A. It was develped during the ancient Inca civilizatin.
B. It is nature­based and made f special canals.
C. It is the last water system left in Huamantanga.
D. It can satisfy water needs f Lima thrughut the year.
10．What des the underlined wrd “this” prbably refer t in Para.3?
A. Water resurces. B. Water supply.
C. Water system. D. Water shrtage.
11．Which f the fllwing rder shws hw the ancient system wrks?
a．The water flws dwnhill thrugh the sil.
b．The water surfaces in water bdies.
c．The water ges slwly int the grund.
d．The water flws t water bdies and hillsides.
A. d, a, b, c B. b, c, a, d C. a, b, c, d D. d, c, a, b
text 4
Getting rid f dirt, in the pinin f mst peple, is a gd thing. Hwever, there is nthing fixed abut attitudes t dirt.
In the early 16th century, peple thught that dirt n the skin was a means t blck ut disease, as medical pinin had it that washing ff dirt with ht water culd pen up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thught t lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had clsed the bath huses in his kingdm. S did the king f England in 1546. Thus it began a lng time when the rich and the pr in Eurpe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King f France, was famusly dirty. Upn learning that a nbleman had taken a bath, the king rdered that, t avid the attack f disease, the nbleman shuld nt g ut.
Thugh the belief in the merit f dirt was lng-lived, dirt has n lnger been regarded as a nice neighbr ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is gd t health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means f preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards f cleanliness have mved beynd science since Wrld War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea; clthes need t be whiter than white, clths ever sfter, surfaces t shine. Has the hate fr dirt, hwever, gne t far?
Attitudes t dirt still differ hugely nwadays. Many first-time parents nervusly try t warn their children f tuching dirt, which might be respnsible fr the spread f disease. On the cntrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunlgist(免疫学家),encurages children t play in the dirt t build up a strng immune system. And the latter psitin is gaining sme grund.
12.The kings f France and England in the 16th century clsed bath huses because________.
A. they lived healthily in a dirty envirnment.
B. they thught bath huses were t dirty t stay in
C. they believed disease culd be spread in public baths
D. they cnsidered bathing as the cause f skin disease
13. Which f the fllwing best describes Henry IV's attitude t bathing?
A. Afraid B. Curius C. Apprving D. Uninterested
14. Hw des the passage mainly develp?
A. By prviding examples.
B. By making cmparisns.
C. By fllwing the rder f time.
D. By fllwing the rder f imprtance.
15. What is the authr's purpse in writing the passage?
A. T stress the rle f dirt.
B. T intrduce the histry f dirt.
C. T call attentin t the danger f dirt.
D. T present the change f views n dirt.
text 5
第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways t Imprve Yur Memry
The human mind is a remarkable thing. In many ways we culd cnsider it the riginal super cmputer, capable f astnishing feats (功绩) when it's wrking well. Sme f the secrets f getting the mst ut f ur minds are quite simple t carry ut nce we are aware f them. 16 Check ut these ways t imprve yur memry, and yu may never find yurself wndering where yu left yur car keys again!
Cut Stress. 17 This means when anyne with these things is running wild in yur life, yur memry will suffer, smetimes greatly. Sme methds that have wrked again and again: meditatin, yga r even spending relaxing time with a pet. 18
Get the Bld Flwing. Exercise isn't nly great fr yur bdy, but it's equally gd fr yur lng and shrt term memry. 19 Then what yu thught was a bad memry will likely be replaced by a mre yuthful mind that is less frgetful. S running, swimming, riding the bike r clcking in n the rwing machine are all gd chices here.
20 This is a trick used by all f the wrld's tp memry cntest winners, s yu knw that if we accept it we shuld take it very seriusly! Instead f thinking f wrds and numbers when we try t remember smething, make an effrt t think in visual terms. By assciating what we wuld like t remember with images, we are much mre likely t remember what we wish t withut struggling. It's a law f hw ur minds wrk that can be easily used t imprve ur memries in secnds. Get in the habit f drawing pictures in yur mind and a memry cntest may be in yur near future t!
A. Image Assciatin.
B. Eat Mre Fish and Legumes.
C. Give these a try and see what yu think.
D. Have yu ever wished yur memry was mre sharp?
E. Get mving, and keep yur bld flwing
in a healthy manner cnsistently.
F. In fact, nt sleeping well ne night can take up t three gd night's sleep t recver frm.
G.Depressin, stress and anxiety all tax the same area f yur brain that is respnsible fr memry.
text 6
读后续写 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Once upn a time, tw brthers wh lived n neighburing farms fell int cnflict. It was the first serius disagreement in frty years f farming side by side, sharing machinery, and trading labur and gds as needed withut a hitch. Then the lng cperatin fell apart. It began with a small misunderstanding and then grew int a majr difference, and finally it explded int an exchange f bitter wrds fllwed by weeks f silence.
One mrning, there was a knck n Jhn's dr. He pened it t find a man with a carpenter's tlbx. "I'm lking fr a few days' wrk," he said. "Perhaps yu have a few jbs here and there. Culd I help yu?" "Yes," said Jhn. "I d have a jb fr yu. Lk acrss the small Creek at that farm. That's my neighbr. In fact, it's my yunger brther. Last week there was a meadw between us and he tk his bulldzer（推土机）there and nw there is a creek between us. Well, he may have dne this t anny me but I'll d better. See that pile f wd by the barn（谷仓）?I want yu t build a fence—an 8-ft-high fence-s I wn't need t see his place anymre."
The carpenter said, "I think I understand the situatin. Shw me the nails and hle-digger and I'll be able t d a jb that pleases yu." The lder brther had t g t the twn fr supplies, s he helped the carpenter get everything ready and then he left.
The carpenter wrked hard all that day measuring, sawing and nailing. At sunset when Jhn returned, the carpenter had just finished his jb. Jhn's eyes pened wide, his jaw drpped.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
There was n fence at all. It was a bridge!
_______________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
They turned t see the carpenter lift the tlbx nt his shulder.
_______________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1-3BBA 4-7 DCDA 8-11BBDD 12-15 BCAD 16-20FCBGD
Paragraph 1:
There was n fence at all. It was a bridge! A bridge stretched frm ne side f the creek t the ther! Jhn was abut t cmplain abut everything, when he fund the neighbr, his yung brther, was cming acrss the bridge, his hands utstretched. "Yu are quite a fellw t build this bridge after all I have said and dne," said Jhn's brther. The tw brthers met in the middle, taking each ther's hand and hugging each ther.
Paragraph 2:
They turned t see the carpenter lift the tlbx nt his shulder. "N, wait! Stay a few mre days. We have mre jbs fr yu," said the lder brther. "I'd lve t stay n." the carpenter said. "but I have many mre bridges t build." Observing the carpenter leaving, the tw brthers waved grateful gd-bye t him. What a thught-prvking stry! Every day we have the chice f building a fence r a bridge. One leads t separatin and anger while the ther leads t penness and friendship.