2022届高考英语二轮专题复习8语法填空句法

这是一份2022届高考英语二轮专题复习8语法填空句法，共11页。

语法填空
1. (2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Crn uses less water _______ rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runff.
2. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I wrk nt because I have t, _______ because I want t.
3. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)On ur way t the huse, it was raining _______ hard that we culdn’t help wndering hw lng it wuld take t get there. It was in the middle f Pearl City.
【答案】1. than 2.but 3.s
高频考点二 特殊结构
【高考试题再现】
语法填空
1. (2017·天津高考)It was when I gt back t my apartment _______ I first came acrss my new neighbrs.
2. (2018·天津高考)It was nly when the car pulled up in frnt f ur huse _______ we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
【答案】1. that 2. that
高频考点三 名词性从句
【高考试题再现】
语法填空
1. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I’m nt sure _______ is mre frightened, me r the female grilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears ut f nwhere.
2. (2019·全国卷Ⅰ) While they are rare nrth f 88°, there is evidence _______ they range all the way acrss the Arctic, and as far suth as James Bay in Canada.
【答案】1. wh 2. that
高频考点四 定语从句
【高考试题再现】
语法填空
1. (2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Like anything, it is pssible t have t much f bth, _______is nt gd fr the health.
2. (2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah,_______has taken part in shws alng with tp mdels, wants t prve that she has brains as well as beauty.
3. (2018·全国卷Ⅰ) Tw f the authrs f the review als made a study published in 2014 _______ shwed a mere five t ten minutes a day f running reduced the risk f heart disease and early deaths frm all causes.
4. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Nw Irene Astbury wrks frm 9 am t 5 pm daily at the pet shp in Macclesfield, _______.
she pened with her late husband Les.
5. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They were well trained by their masters _______ had great experience with caring fr these animals.
【答案】1.which 2. wh 3. which/that 4. which 5.wh/that
【专题训练】
1
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
While driving alne thrugh the cuntryside, Linda saw an ld wman by the side f the rad, reaching ut her hand. ___1___ was getting dark and raining. “I can t leave her ut in this weather,” Linda said t herself, s she stpped the car.
“Shall I ffer yu ___2___ lift?” Linda asked. The ld wman ndded and climbed int the car. After a while Linda asked, “Have yu waited fr lng?” The ld wman shk her head. ___3___ (strange)enugh, the ld wman didn’t say a single wrd all the way. Her nly ___4___ (respnd) was always a nd f the head r smething else like that.
Then Linda saw the lady’s hands, ___5___ were very large and cvered with thick hair. She realized ___6___ the lady was a man! After ___7___ (stp) the car, Linda said, “can’t see that mirrr. Wuld yu mind cleaning it ___8___me?” The lady ndded and pened the dr. As sn as the “lady” was ut f the car, Linda drve ff quickly.
When Linda arrived hme, she fund that the ld lady ___9___ (leave) a handbag n the backseat. She pened it and let ut a deep breath. Inside it ___10___tw sharp knives.
【答案】1. It2. a3. Strangely4. respnse5. which
6. that7. stpping8. fr9. had left10. were
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是Linda开车穿过乡下，让一位老妇人打车，发现老妇人是伪装的劫匪后机智甩开的故事。
1. 考查代词。设空处指代时间和天气，故填It。
2. 考查冠词。ffer sb. a lift意为“让某人搭便车”。故答案为a。
3. 考查副词。设空处在句中作状修饰整个句子，需用strange的副词形式。故答案为strangely。
4. 考查名词。设空处由形容词性物主代词修饰在句中作主语，需用respnd的名词形式。故答案为respnse。
5. 考查关系词。设空处引导 非限制性定语从句修饰the lady’s hands，且在从句中作主语，故填which。
6. 考查连接词。句意：她意识到这位女士是个男人！设空处引导宾语从句且从句意义及成分均完整，故填引导词that。
7. 考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。Linda与stp之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且设空处作After的宾语，故填动名词stpping。
8. 考查介词。句意：你介意帮我擦一下吗？设空处意为“为”，故填fr。
9. 考查过去完成时。leave表示的动作发生在主句谓语动作fund之前，是“过去的过去”，用过去完成时。故答案为had left。
10. 考查倒装与主谓一致。句意：里面有两把锋利的刀。Inside在句首这是一个完全倒装句，主语是后面的tw sharp knives，谓语动词要用复数形式。故答案为were。
2
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was the spring f 1943 during Wrld War Ⅱ. Standing amng hundreds f new ___11___(sldier) at Camp Grant, Sam, just 18 years ld, waited as a truck slwly drve by. ___12___ full field pack was randmly thrwn t each sldier.
Sam received___13___ (he) After he pened the pack and lked at the things in it, he was greatly___14___ (astnish). He fund his last name, Litrenti, was marked n each thing in his pack. “Hw strange!” Sam thught. He didn’t think the ne ___15___ threw the field pack t him knew wh he was.
S why was Sam’s last name marked n the things? Yu may nt believe it, but it was the field pack that his father ___16___ (use) during Wrld War I .
Sam ___17___ (certain) didn’t knw that when he received it. It wasn’t until after the war ___18___ he fund ut why.
After the war, he talked ___19___that with his father. After ___20___ (talk) fr a while, Sam’s father became sure that the pack nce belnged t him.
Bth the father and the sn culdn’t believe that! What a cincidence!
【答案】11. sldiers12. A13. his14. astnished15. wh/that
16. used17. certainly18. that19. abut20. talking
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了第二次世界大战期间，18岁的山姆意外巧合拿到了自己父亲的野战包的故事。
11. 考查名词的数。句意：18岁的山姆站在格兰特军营数百名新兵中间，等着一辆卡车缓缓驶过。sldier为可数名词，由hundreds f意为“成百上千的”修饰，因此要用sldier的复数形式。故填sldiers。
12. 考查冠词。句意：一个完整的野战包被随机扔给每个士兵。pack为可数名词，此处用不定冠词a表示泛指。故填A。
13. 考查代词。句意：萨姆收到了他的。名词性物主代词his相当于his pack。故填his。
14. 考查词性转换。句意：当他打开包装，看到里面的东西，他非常惊讶。根据前面的was可知，此处要用形容词作表语，astnished表示“感到吃惊的”，修饰人。故填astnished。
15. 考查定语从句连接词。句意：他不认为向他扔野战背包的那个人知道他是谁。分析句子可知，本句为定语从句修饰先行词ne，且先行词在从句中作主语，先行词是the ne，指代人，故用关系代词wh/that。
16. 考查动词时态。句意：你可能不相信，这是他父亲在第一次世界大战期间使用的野战背包。根据前后语境可知，此处表示过去的事情，故用一般过去时。
17. 考查副词。句意：萨姆收到信的时候肯定不知道。修饰动词knw需用副词形式。故填certainly。
18. 考查强调句。句意：直到战后他才发现原因。此处为强调句型“It is/was nt until+被强调部分+that+其他部分”。故填that。
19. 考查介词。句意：战后，他和他的父亲谈论了这件事。固定短语talk abut sth.表示“谈论某事”。故填abut。
20. 考查非谓语动词。句意：聊了一会儿，萨姆的父亲确信那包东西曾经属于他。after是介词，后面需接动名词形式。故填talking。
3
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A lt f films have tried t describe ur memries f family members wh have passed away. But few have dne as___21___(remark) as Cc, Disney-Pixar’s latest animatin, ___22___ hit the big screen n Nv. 24 and wn the Oscar in 2018.
___23___(inspire) by the Mexican hliday f Day f the Dead, the film’s prductin team created a yung by, Miguel, wh wants his family t understand his lve f music. An accident takes him t the Land f the Dead. While there, Miguel has___24___unfrgettable and adventurus night.
It’s in this magical wrld___25___Miguel gets t meet and discver the truth abut his great-great-grandpa. T prtect him frm ___26___ (disappear), Miguel has t bring his pht back t the living wrld as sn as pssible.
While tld with a wild imaginatin, the stry ___27___(cnvey) a clear and warm message.“In an era when yung peple are s easily attracted by ___28___(celebrity), Cc reveals the emptiness f such adulatin(谄媚), teaching kids ___29___(preserve) and respect the memry f their elders while reminding them that the surce f true creativity is s ften ___30___(persn),” wrte reprter Peter Debruge n Variety.
【答案】21. remarkably22. which23. Inspired24. an25. that
26. disappearing27. cnveys28. celebrities29. t preserve30. persnal
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了迪士尼和皮克斯联手打造的动画巨作《寻梦环游记》的内容、场景以及所想传达给观众的意义。
21. 考查副词。句意：但是几乎没有几部电影能描写的像寻梦环游记这样引人注目。空格处单词处于as…as结构中，一般填形容词或副词的原级形式。由于空格处单词修饰动词dne，所以应用副词形式。故填remarkably。
22. 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：寻梦环游记是迪士尼和皮克斯联手打造的最新的动画巨作，它在11月24日上映并且赢得了2018年奥斯卡奖。这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为Cc（指物），从句缺少主语，故填which。
23. 考查过去分词作状语。句意：受墨西哥亡灵节的启发，制作团队创作了一个名叫米格尔的小男孩。这句话谓语动词为created，所以空格处应填非谓语动词。这句话的主语the film’s prductin team与inspire之间是被动关系，故填过去分词Inspired.
24. 考查不定冠词。句意：在那儿的时候，米格尔度过了一个难忘的又充满危险的晚上。这里的一个晚上前边没有提到过，是泛指，且unfrgettable是以元音音素开始的，故填an。
25. 考查强调句。句意：就是在这个有魔力的世界里，米格尔遇到了并发现了关于他祖爷爷的真相。这是一个强调句，强调句的基本结构是“It is (was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+wh (that)...”，这句话中强调的是地点状语，故填that。
26. 考查动名词作宾语。句意：为保护祖爷爷不消失，米格尔必须尽可能早的将他的照片带回有生命的世界。“prtect…frm…”意为“保护……免遭……”，其中frm为介词，其后一般跟动名词或名词作宾语。disappear（消失）是动词，所以空格处填动名词形式，故填disappearing。
27. 考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：尽管这个故事是以无边的想象的形式讲述的，但是这个故事传达了清晰而温暖的信息。这篇文章整体是以现在时为主的，所以这句话应使用一般现在时。the stry是第三人称单数形式，所以谓语动词也应使用第三人称单数形式。故填cnveys。
28. 考查可数名词的复数形式。句意：在一个年轻人很容易被名流吸引的时代，寻梦环游记揭露了这种谄媚的空虚，一方面教给孩子珍藏并尊重关于老人的记忆，一方面让他们知道真正的想象力经常是很私人的。由于这题空格位于介词by后，空格后没有其他名词，所以空格处应填名词形式。“celebrity（名人）”是可数名词，且其前没有冠词之类的限定词，所以应用复数形式。故填celebrities。
29. 考查不定式做宾补。句意同上。“and”前后连接两个并列的成份，且只有两个不定式并列式才可以省去第二个不定式的t使用动词原形，所以空格处填t不定式。且“teach sb. t d sth.”是一个固定搭配，意为“教某人做某事”，故填t preserve。
30. 考查形容词。句意同上。空格处位于be动词后作表语，应用形容词形式。故填persnal。
4
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Pass Yur Lve n
___31___(wait)fr the airplane t take ff, I was happy t get a seat by myself. Just then,___32___air hstess apprached me and asked, “Wuld yu mind ___33___(change) yur seat? A cuple wuld like t sit tgether.”The nly pssible seat was next t a girl with her arms in casts(石膏绷带), a black－and－blue face, and a sad ___34___(express). “N way am I ging t sit there,” I thught ___35___(immediate). But a sft vice spke, “She needs help.” Finally, I decided t mve t that seat.
The girl was named Kathy. She had been in a car accident and nw was ___36___her way t treatment.
When the snacks and juice arrived, it did nt take me lng t realize ___37___Kathy wuld nt be able t feed herself. I cnsidered ___38___(ffer)t feed her but hesitated, as it seemed t implite t ffer a service t a stranger. But then I realized that Kathy's need was mre imprtant than my discmfrt. I ffered t help her eat, and ___39___she was uncmfrtable t accept, she did as I expected. We became clser and clser in a shrt perid f time. By the end f the five－hur trip, we became friends, and the time remves the fear that keeps us separate. When we ffer t serve anther, we grw t live in a larger and ___40___(many)rewarding wrld.
【答案】31. Waiting32. an33. changing34. expressin35. immediately
36. n37. that38. ffering39. thugh40. mre
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。通过作者讲述自己在飞机上的经历，强调了传递爱的重要性。
31. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在等待飞机起飞时，我很高兴自己找到了一个座位。wait做非谓语动词，逻辑主语I为主动关系，故用-ing形式，故填waiting。
32. 考查冠词。句意：正在这时，一位空姐走过来问我：“你介意换一下座位吗?一对夫妇想要坐在一起。”hstess为可数名词，此处表泛指“一位空姐”，且air为元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
33. 考查非谓语动词。mind ding sth.“介意做某事”，为固定短语，故填changing。
34. 考查名词。句意：唯一可能的座位是一个包着石膏的女孩旁边，她的脸青一块紫一块的，脸上带着悲伤的表情。根据语境可知，女孩脸上神情伤感。也可根据“a sad”提示可知，用express的名词形式expressin作介词with的宾语。故填expressin。
35. 考查副词。句意：“我不可能坐在那儿，”我立刻想。根据语境可知。此处用immediate的副词形式修饰动词作状语。故填immediately。
36. 考查固定短语。句意：她出了车祸，现在正在接受治疗。n ne's way t...“在……路上”，为固定短语，符合语境。故填n。
37. 考查宾语从句。句意：当零食和果汁送到时，我很快就意识到凯西将无法自己吃饭。根据语境可知，“Kathy wuld nt be able t feed herself.”宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分且意思完整，故填that引导宾语从句。
38. 考查固定短语。句意：我考虑过要喂她，但犹豫了，因为给陌生人提供服务似乎太不礼貌了。cnsider ding sth.“考虑做某事”，为固定短语，符合语境。故填ffering。
39. 考查连接词。句意：虽然她有些不好意思接受，但是，正如我预料到的那样，最后还是接受了。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然；尽管”，故填thugh。
40. 考查形容词比较级。句意：当我们主动为他人服务时，我们就成长为生活在一个更大、更有价值的世界里。根据语境可知，只有我们互相帮助，世界才会变得更大更有意义。故填mre，构成rewarding（有益的）的比较级。
5
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A girl wh has a gift fr drawing
I went t an exhibitin last mnth, ___41___ I admired a lt f wnderful paintings. Mary, ___42___drawings were shwn at the exhibitin, is a mdel student ___43___is ften praised fr her gd wrk at schl. As sn as we gt int the exhibitin hall ___44___ the paintings were n shw, ur eyes were caught by a very large picture ___45___was hung n the wall in frnt f us. The hrse ___46___was drawn in the picture was exactly like a real hrse. The man ___47___was riding n it lked like a living man. It was the best picture ___48___ I had ever seen, and I shuld say Mary is the best yung painter ___49___I have ever heard f. Hwever, yu will be quite mistaken if yu think that Mary was brn a gd painter. One f her teachers tld me that it had taken Mary thusands f hurs t learn and practise drawing befre she became the best yung painter ___50___has ever been heard f in her hmetwn. But if yu say that she has learned t be s gd at drawing nly by wrking hard at it, I will certainly agree with yu.
【答案】41. where42. whse43. wh/that44. where45. that/ which
46. that/ which47. wh/that48. that49. that50. that
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去看画展的一次经历。
41. 考查非限制性定语从句关系副词。句意：上个月我去了一个展览会，在那里我欣赏了很多很棒的画。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为an exhibitin，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语，意为“在那里”。故填where。
42. 考查非限制性定语从句关系代词。句意：玛丽的画作在展览会上展出，她是一个模范学生，经常因为她在学校的出色表现而受到表扬。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Mary，关系代词whse在从句中作定语，表示所有关系。故填whse。
43. 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同2题。先行词为a mdel student，关系代词wh/that在从句中作主语，指人。故填wh/that。
44. 考查定语从句关系副词。句意：当我们进入展览大厅的时候，我们的眼睛被挂在我们面前墙上的巨幅画吸引住了。先行词为the exhibitin hall，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
45. 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同4句。先行词为picture，关系代词that/ which在从句中作主语，指物。故填that/ which。
46. 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：画中的马和真正的马一模一样。先行词为The hrse，关系代词that/ which在从句中作主语，指物。故填that/ which。
47. 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：骑在上面的人看起来像个活人。先行词为The man，关系代词wh/that在从句中作主语，指人。故填wh/that。
48. 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：这是我见过的最好的画，我应该说 Mary 是我听说过的最好的年轻画家。先行词为the best picture，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，指物，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用which。故填that。
49. 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同8题。先行词为the best yung painter，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，指人，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用wh。故填that。
50. 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：她的一个老师告诉我，玛丽花了几千个小时学习和练习绘画，才成为她家乡听说过的最好的年轻画家。先行词为the best yung painter，关系代词that在从句中作主语，指人，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用wh。故填that。
6
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A wman in blue jeans std at the windw f ___51___ expensive shp. Thugh she hesitated fr a mment, she finally went in and asked t see a dress ___52___ was in the windw. The assistant wh served her did nt like the way she was dressed. ___53___(lk) at her scrnfully, he tld her that the dress ___54___(sell). The wman walked___55___ f the shp angrily and decided t punish the assistant next day. She returned t the shp the fllwing mrning dressed in a fur cat, ___56___a handbag in ne hand and a lng umbrella in the ther. ___57___ seeking ut the rude assistant she asked fr the same dress. Nt realizing wh she was, the assistant was eager t serve her this time. With great___58___(difficult), he climbed int the shp windw t get the dress. As sn as she saw it, the wman said she ___59___(nt)like it. She enjyed___60___(she) making the assistant bring almst everything in the windw befre finally buying the dress she had first asked fr.
【答案】51. an52. that53. lking54. was sld55. ut
56. with57. After58. difficulty59. didn’t60. herself
【解析】本文为记叙文，文章主要介绍了一位女士去奢侈品店买裙子遭到不公正对待，于是第二天想出办法惩罚服务生的故事。
51. 考查冠词。句意：一位穿蓝色牛仔裤的女士站在一家奢侈品店的窗玻璃前。此处表示一家奢侈品店，expensive的开头是元音所以用an。故填an。
52. 考查定语从句的连词。句意：尽管她犹豫了一会，但最终还是走了进去要求看一下橱窗里的裙子。分析句子可知：___52___ was in the windw修饰dress，作定语，所以用关系词，在根据从句缺主语可知用关系代词，指物用which或that。故填that。
53. 考查非谓语动词做状语。句意：轻蔑地看了她一下，服务员告诉这位女士裙子被卖出去了。分析句子可知此句的谓语为tld，lk应该做非谓语，在根据lk与he的关系是主动，可知应该用现在分词，故填lking。
54. 考查被动语态。句意：轻蔑地看了她一下，服务员告诉这位女士裙子被卖出去了。裙子与卖是被动关系，根据文中时态可知用一般过去时。故填was sld。
55. 考查介词。句意：这位女士生气地走出了商店，决定第二天惩罚一下服务员。走出商店用walk ut f the shp，故填ut。
56. 考查介词。句意：第二天早上这位女士穿着貂皮大衣回到了这家商店，一手拿着包，一手拿着伞。此处表示随手拿着，故填with。
57. 考查介词。句意：找到前一天的那个服务生之后，她又要同一件裙子。因为要惩罚那个服务生，所以是先找到他，然后要同一件裙子，故填After。
58. 考查名词。句意：他费力地爬进商店的橱窗去取裙子。with介词后要用名词。故填difficulty。
59. 考查助动词。句意：她一看到裙子，就说她不喜欢它。此处是构成否定句，根据时态是过去时，所以助动词用did nt，故填didn’t。
60. 考查反身代词。句意：她开心地迫使那位售货员把橱窗里几乎所有的东西都最后才买下了她最先要看的那件衣服。enjy neself玩得开心，故填herself。