高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第四册 Unit1 单词导学案

选择性必修四 Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility

单词导学案

1.It’s an appointment made twenty years ago.(教材P2)

appointment n．约定，约会；任命，委托；职务

(1)make an appointment with sb.与某人约会

(2)appoint vt. 约定；指定(时间、地点等)，任命；委任

appoint sb.as/to be...任命某人为……       appoint sb.to do sth. 委派某人做某事

(3)appointed adj.约定的；指定的

①Thank you for your letter conveying congratulations on my            (appoint)．

②I regret to tell you that I can’t go for a walk in Haidian Park together with you  

                  this weekend.(2021·北京，应用文写作)

我很遗憾地告诉你，这个周末我不能在约定的时间和你一起去海淀公园散步了。

2.But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he’s alive，for he always was the truest and most reliable fellow in the world.(教材P2)

reliable adj.可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的

rely vi.依靠；依赖r

ely on...to do/doing...依赖……做……        rely on it that...指望……；相信……

①Being efficient and              (rely)，he is offered a very good salary.

②You may rely on him to act like a decent guy.

→You may                  he may act like a decent guy.(用it作形式宾语改写)

3.I came a thousand miles to stand in this doorway tonight，and it’s worthwhile if my old partner turns up.(教材P2)

worthwhile adj.值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的

(1)It’s worthwhile doing/to do...值得做某事

(2)be worth doing(某事)值得被做

(3)be worthy of being done/to be done(某事)值得被做

①These stories in this column are worthy of            (read)，because they can relieve my stress and broaden my horizon.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)

②Even though you disagree with the principles，they are still worth      (listen) to.

4.Anyhow I couldn’t arrest you myself，so I got a plain-clothes man to do the job.

anyhow(＝anyway) adv.不过，总之；尽管如此；而且；随便地

somehow adv.以某种方式；不知怎么地              somewhat adv.稍微，有点

5.“As I suspected，you’re not Jimmy Wells，” he said，impatiently with anger.(教材P3)

suspect vt.& vi.疑有，觉得n.嫌疑犯，可疑对象

suspect sb.of sth.怀疑某人某事          suspect sb.of doing sth.怀疑某人做某事

①I                    that he stole the money，but later I was proved wrong.

我曾怀疑他偷了钱，但后来证明是我错了。

②Anyone suspected     drunk driving should be stopped and take an alcohol test.

任何涉嫌酒后驾驶的人都应停车进行酒精测试。

③He was arrested due to the fact that he                ruining the heritage site.

他因为被怀疑破坏文物古迹而被逮捕。

6.You’ve been under arrest for ten minutes，‘Silky’ Bob.(教材P3)

arrest n．& vt.逮捕，拘捕

(1)under arrest 被逮捕

(2)arrest sb.for sth.因某事逮捕某人

arrest one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力

①It is reported that the driver of the truck，considered to be fully responsible for the accident，                     .

据报道，卡车司机已被逮捕，他被认为应对该事故负全部责任。

②The police have arrested almost everybody who is involved in the conflict    their violence.

由于他们的暴行，警察几乎逮捕了所有与冲突有关的人。

③It was when the specialist discussed with the panel that the initiative           .

当专家与讨论小组讨论时，这项倡议引起了他的注意。

7. I was so ashamed of myself.(教材P7)

ashamed adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬

(1)be/feel ashamed of...为/替……感到惭愧/羞愧/羞耻(多指内在的人或事)

be/feel ashamed for...由于……感到惭愧/羞愧/羞耻(多指外在的人或事)

be ashamed to do sth.耻于做某事

(2)shame n．羞耻；羞愧；惭愧

What a shame/pity！真遗憾！               It’s a shame that...……真让人遗憾

(3)shameful adj.可耻的

①You should bear in mind that it is         (shame) to laugh at those who are unfortunate.

②The criminal was not         (shame) of what she had done，even if she ended up being put into prison.

③She felt so         for having cheated in the exam that tears were welling up in her eyes.

8.I hope my fans can forgive me.(教材P7)

forgive vt.& vi.(forgave，forgiven)原谅，宽恕；免除(债务)

forgive me请原谅；对不起

forgive sb.for doing sth.原谅某人做了某事

forgive and forget摒弃前嫌

①Keep this principle in mind that forgive others and you will be         (forgive)．

②I                        her for lying to me though I was really angry at first.

虽然我一开始真的很生气，但我已经原谅她对我撒谎了。

③                                 and you will live every moment in peace.

原谅、忘却，你会宁静祥和地活在每一个瞬间。

Ⅰ.默写重点单词

1．            adv.刚好；仅仅，勉强可能；几乎不；刚才

2．            adj.值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的

3．            vt.概述，略述n.概述；轮廓线，略图

4．            vt.& vi.疑有，觉得n.嫌疑犯，可疑对象

5．            n．& vt.逮捕，拘捕

6．            vt.给(某人)打电话；接通电源n.金属丝；电线；铁丝网

7．            n．罪犯adj.犯法的，犯罪的；刑事的；不道德的

8．            adv.不过，总之；尽管；而且；随便地

9．            n．道德原则；法则；信条

10             adj.正派的，合乎礼节的；得体的，适当的

11．            n．地球物理学家

12．            adj.核心的，最重要的n.核心，最重要的部分

13．            vt.& vi.辞职，辞去

14．            adj.大量的，价值巨大的；结实的，牢固的

15．            n．矿物，矿物质

16．            vt.& vi.原谅，宽恕；免除(债务)

17．            vt.欺骗，蒙骗vi.作弊，舞弊

18．            n．约定，约会；任命，委托；职务→      vt.约会；任命

19．            adj.可信赖的，可依靠的；→      vi.依靠；依赖

20．             adj.无辜的→             n．天真；清白

21．             adj.合法的；法律的→         adj.不合法的；违法的

22．           adj.社会主义的→        adj.社会的；社交的→      n．社会

23．              n．摄影师，拍照者→                n．摄影；摄影术

24．              adj.感到内疚的，有过失的→      n．内疚；犯罪；有罪

25．              adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬→        n．羞耻；羞愧；惭愧

Ⅱ.默写核心短语

1．拆毁，拆除                     2．发财                            

3．失去联系                       4．臂挽着臂                      

5．被逮捕                         6．turn up                        

7．on the beat                      8．pull out                        

9．stick to                         10．take charge of                  

Grammar–-Assessment

1. burden /ˈbɜːdn/ n.（ 义务、责任等的）重担，负担 (6)

  bear / shoulder/ease/share/remove the burden    承受/肩负/减轻/分担/卸下负担

  add to the students’ burden    reduce the burden on students

  be a burden to sb.      …….是某人的负担

  be burdened with responsibility / a heavy suitcase     承担责任 / 提着重箱子

2. core /kɔː(r)/ adj. 核心的；最重要的   n. 核心，最重要的部分 (6)

  the core of the apple 水果核心  the core of the argument   争执的焦点/核心

  core values      核心价值观  to the core         十足，彻底地，完全地

3.socialist /ˈsəʊʃəlɪst/ adj. 社会主义的   n. 社会主义者 (6)

  social    adj.  社会的，社交的       socially   adv.

  social classes/issues/relationships      社会阶层/社会问题/社会关系   

social skills/activities                社交技能、社交活动

  socialism   n. 社会主义            society    n. 社会，社团，协会      

  socialize   v. 使社会化，使适应社会生活

4.resign /rɪˈzaɪn/ vt. & vi. 辞职，辞去 (6)

  resign as manager        辞去经理职务

  resign his position / post   辞去职务

  resign/submit oneself to sth./doing sth.       顺从于......，甘心忍受，只好......

5.substantial /səbˈstænʃl/ adj. 大量的，价值巨大的；结实的，牢固的 (6)

  give us substantial help                给予巨大的帮助

  made substantial contributions to        作出巨大贡献

substantially    adv.  相当大的，基本上，在本质上

6.mineral /ˈmɪnərəl/ n. 矿物，矿物质 (6)

  mine  n. 矿，矿井  vt.&vi.   开矿     mine minerals    开采矿物

7.photographer /fəˈtɒɡrəfə(r)/ n. 摄影师，拍照者 (7)

  photograph  n.  照片  v. 拍摄    

take a photograph of sb./sth. =photograph sb./sth.

  photography   n. 摄影（学）

8.guilty /ˈɡɪlti/ adj.  感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的 (7)

feel guilty at / for doing sth    感到内疚

be guilty of                犯。。。。。罪 ， 有。。。。的罪

9.ashamed /əˈʃeɪmd/ adj. 惭愧的，羞愧的，尴尬 (7)

   feel/be ashamed of         为……感到惭愧 

   be ashamed to do          为做某事而感到羞愧

10. forgive /fəˈɡɪv/ vt. & vi. (forgave, forgiven) 原谅，宽恕；免除（债务） (7)

forgive ( forgave, forgiven)

forgive sb. for sth./ doing sth.= excuse sb. for…

forgiveness    u.n.  宽恕      

thank sb. for…/ apologize to sb. for…/ blame sb. for…/ scold sb. for…/ punish sb. for…/ fine sb. (money) for…

11. cheat /tʃiːt/ vt. 欺骗，蒙骗  vi. 作弊，舞弊 (7)

cheat sb. into doing sth.

cheat sb. out of sth. / money

12. wrap /ræp/ vt. 包，裹；用…缠绕   n. 披肩，围巾；包裹材料 (8)

   be wrapped in                 裹在….里，笼罩在….中

   wrap sth. round / around sth.     把….绕在…..上

   wrap a scarf round her neck      把围巾绕在脖子上

13. bow /bəʊ/ n. 蝴蝶结；弓       /baʊ/ vi. 鞠躬；低（头） (8)

bow to sb.    向某人鞠躬      bow to sth.   屈从于…., 向….低头，接受

make a low bow to sb.    弯腰，鞠躬

14. disappointed /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/ adj. 失望的，沮丧的 (8)

   Sb. be disappointed at sth. / with sb.

   Sth. be disappointing.            to one’s disappointment

   a disappointed expression on her face

15. wrinkle /ˈrɪŋkl/ n. 皱纹；褶皱，皱痕 vt. & vi.（ 使脸上）起皱纹，皱起 (8)

   smooth away your wrinkles     消除皱纹

16. pause /pɔːz/ vi. 停顿，暂停   n. 停顿，停顿的时间 (8)

   press the pause button     按暂停键        without (a) pause    不停地

   pause for breath / pause to catch sb’s breath    停下来缓口气

17. sew /səʊ/ vi. & vt. (sewed, sewn) 缝，做针线活；缝上 (8)

   do some sewing     做针线活

18. pretend /prɪˈtend/ vi. & vt. 假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为 (8)

pretend to do (be) / to be doing sth. / to have done sth.

19. *privilege /ˈprɪvəlɪdʒ/ n. 荣幸；特殊利益,特权，优惠待遇 vt. 给予特权，特别优待 (11)

   enjoy the privilege    享有特权/优惠

   have the privilege/ honour of doing sth.    有幸做某事

   give sb. the privilege of doing sth.

   privileged    adj.   有特权的 ，荣幸的

20. mercy /ˈmɜːsi/ n. 仁慈，宽恕 (11)

show mercy to sb. = have mercy on sb.     

at the mercy of sb/sth 任…处置，对…无能为力, 任……摆布 (11)

21. deadline /ˈdedlaɪn/ n. 最后期限，截止日期 (11)

   set / meet /extend the deadline for sth       规定/赶上/延长…..的最后期限

22. guidance /ˈɡaɪdns/ n. 指导；导航 (11)

   under the guidance of sb.

   guide  n. 向导，指南，导游手册     v.   指引，指导

23.. fault /fɔːlt/ n. 过错，责任；弱点，缺点 (11)     faulty  adj.  有瑕疵的

24. virtue /ˈvɜːtʃuː/ n. 美德；正直的品性；优点 (11)

   A man of great virtue     高尚的人

   have the virtue of ……   具有……的长处/优点

   by/in the virtue of       由于

25. organic /ɔːˈɡænɪk/ adj. 有机的，统一的；绿色的，不使用化肥的；生物的 (12)

   organic food

   organism    n.  机体，生物体

26. discouraged /dɪsˈkʌrɪdʒd/ adj. 灰心的 (12)

   Sb. be/get discouraged

   Sth. be discouraging.

   It is very discouraging that….

   discourage sb. from doing sth.    阻止某人做某事

   discouragement    n. 劝阻，泄气(u.n.)，使人泄气的事(c.n.)

27. garbage /ˈɡɑːbɪdʒ/ n. 垃圾；废话 (12)

   garbage can

   garbage collection     垃圾收集

   Throw it in the garbage.    把它扔到垃圾桶去

28. saving /ˈseɪvɪŋ/ n. 节省物，节省；储蓄金 (12) savings  n.  存款，储蓄金

   open a savings account      开了一个储蓄账户

29. bonus /ˈbəʊnəs/ n. 意外收获；奖金，红利 (12)

   an added bonus       额外好处

30. jade /dʒeɪd/ n. 玉，碧玉 (12)

   Just as the Chinese saying goes, “Jade is good-for-nothing if not carved.”  玉不琢不成器

31. sow /səʊ/ vt. & vi. (sowed, sown) 播种，种 (12)

   sow the seed in the ground         sow the seeds of success

32. harvest /ˈhɑːvɪst/ n. 收成，收获量；收获季节，收割 vt. & vi. 收割，捕猎 (12)

   harvest crops    收庄稼    harvest the fruits of our labour    收获劳动成果

   have a good harvest有个好收成enjoy the harvest of their efforts  享受劳动成果

 35. rejoice /rɪˈdʒɔɪs/ vi. & vt. 非常高兴，深感欣喜 (13)

   Worry before all others worry; rejoice after all others have rejoiced. —Fan Zhongyan 先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐