高中牛津译林版 (2019)Grammar and usage复习练习题

这是一份高中牛津译林版 (2019)Grammar and usage复习练习题，共13页。

英汉互译
【答案】
根据提示填写正确形式的词汇
She (辞职) frm the bard after prfits fell by a further 3%.
First, territrial (完整) is a fuzzy(模糊的) cncept when there is a dispute ver bundaries.
A (大量的) number f huses were damaged by the flds.
Yet many f these cuntries are rich in (有机的) and (矿物) resurces.
He sends regular fd (包裹) t his family in Libya.
Kernaghan was (极佳的,卓越的)and seemed t inspire thse arund him.
Perhaps yu felt g abut ignring a charity cllectin, and s decided t punish yurself?
Rude as Tm was, the yung man (原谅) him.
He (皱起) his nse as if the smell was still in his nstrils(鼻孔).
Mum has (缝上) a patch n my jeans.
The initial (阶段) f the prject shuld take abut three mnths.
An excellent rice h caused prices t plummet(暴跌) by 40 %.
Their screams f hrrr and cries fr (宽恕) nly brught a smile t my face.
We cleared the snw, and ur neighburs did (同样地).
Wrking under pressure t meet a (截止日期) had a mtivating effect.
But this is actually nly ne f six sets f regulatins and (指导) which are due t cme int frce.
Smehw, peple seem t think it's my (错误) fr letting him in.
The man will mre ften take ut the g , wash the dishes, and d ther chres arund the huse.
They believed in the (美德) f culture, civilizatin and reasn.
The management ffered a large (奖金) t thse wrkers wh stayed t the end f the cntract.
I didn't exactly (突出，擅长)academically and I left schl as sn as I had the chance.
All the members felt (灰心的) because f the slw prgress in wrk.
【答案】
单句语法填空
Fr several mnths after seed is (sw), nthing can be seen t shw that there will be a harvest.
When they leave schl, they will be (equip)fr btaining ffice jbs.
“Yu can’t judge a bk by its cver,” the ld saying ges.
Educatin is seen as a means f human (better).
Hundreds f (disappint) fans were unable t get tickets fr the game.
She's the perfect candidate the jb.
Strange it might sund, his idea was accepted by all the peple at the meeting.
He can't bear (laugh) at.
Sherman was relieved fr a mment, but then he felt (cheat).
(suppse) that he des nt cme, shall we g withut him?
He was fund guilty murder.
We have caused enugh harm by ur (thught), irrespnsible, selfish behaviur.
I had hardly gt t the ffice my wife phne me t g back hme at nce.
Herefrshire Health Authrity needs t make (save) f six hundred thusand punds which it verspent this year.
D nt leave the building until (instruct) t d s.
【答案】
swn/swed
【解析】被动语态，使用动词的过去分词形式。
equipped
【解析】be equipped fr ding意为“有能力做某事”。equip作动词，意为：使有能力。
as
【解析】as the ld saying ges表示“俗话说”，as引导方式状语从句。故答案是as。
betterment
【解析】根据句意：“教育被看作人类进步的一种手段”，可知空白处填名词形式。
disappinted
【解析】修饰后面的人fans,表示“灰心的”，使用-ed结尾的形容词。
fr
【解析】be perfect fr意为“正合适”。
as/thugh
【解析】as/thugh引导的状语从句的倒装形式，as引导让步状语从句时必须倒装，thugh引导让步状语从句可以倒装，也可用自然语序。本句是“形容词+as/thugh+主语+谓语”结构，注意形容词提到句首。
being laughed
【解析】can’t bear ding表示“不能忍受做某事”。根据句意：“他无法忍受被嘲笑”，可知填现在分词的被动式形式。
cheated
【解析】feel cheated 意为“感到被欺骗”。
Suppse/Suppsing
【解析】suppse / suppsing (that)（假设；如果），引导条件状语从句。
f
【解析】句意“他被裁决犯谋杀罪”。be guilt f表示“有罪的，犯罪的”；be guilt abut表示“对...愧疚的”。
thughtless
【解析】句意应为“我们的轻率、不负责任、自私的行为已经造成了足够的伤害”，故填“轻率的”thughtless。
when
【解析】hardly…when... 表示“刚一……就……”，注意主句用过去完成时。
savings
【解析】跟在make动词后作宾语，填名词形式。
instructed
【解析】本句是状语从句的省略形式。动词instruct与句子主语构成逻辑上被动关系，故用过去分词。
选择短语填空
in stre fr; weigh n; g thrugh; at large; set aside; be linked with;set ut t d; n business
The state annunced a clear-cut(明确的) plicy and carry it thrugh.
Sme dctrs advise a certain hur each day fr wrry.
His name has several famus actresses since he and his wife separated last year.
The disaster killed 2,500 persns in that area .
The burden f respnsibility his shulders.
He says yu're the elements and yu just g where the weather takes yu.
There are lts f surprises visitrs t the gallery.
He was a very difficult time.
【答案】
1. set ut t 着手做某事
2. setting aside 留作…之用;留出…用于
3. been linked with 与...联系起来
4. at large 整个，全部
5. weighed n 使焦虑不安，加重…的思想负担
6. at the mercy f 任由...摆布
7. in stre fr 即将发生在…身上
8. ging thrugh 经历
根据括号内的提示补全句子
“生日快乐，安妮，”奶奶说，递给我一个包装鲜艳的包裹，上面有一个大大的红色蝴蝶结。(教材原句回译)
“Happy birthday, Anne,” said my grandma, .
正如中国谚语所言：“玉不琢不成器”。一个人不经过考验就不可能完美。(教材原句回译)


希望你们已经学会不把责任当作困扰你们的重担，而是把它当作支持你们未来发展的基础。(教材原句回译)
Hpefully, yu have learnt t ,

她因考试作弊而感到羞愧，于是去告诉老师。(状语从句)

一群男孩子们经过时，Paul假装正在捡垃圾。(pretend)
When a grup f bys passed by, Paul
失去引擎动力后，船员们发现自己任凭风浪摆布。(mercy)
engine pwer, the bat's crew
家庭问题使他非常焦虑不安，他可能感到高度的压力和尴尬。(weigh)
The family matter , and he is prbably .
是在昨天我们在操场上举办了成人礼。(强调句型-对时间状语进行强调)

大众传媒应该承担起社会教育的责任。(assume)

城市规划将城市视为一个单位，一个有机的整体。(rganic)

【答案】参考译文
“生日快乐，安妮，”奶奶说，递给我一个包装鲜艳的包裹，上面有一个大大的红色蝴蝶结。(教材原句回译)
“Happy birthday, Anne,” said my grandma, handing me a brightly wrapped parcel with a big red bw.
正如中国谚语所言：“玉不琢不成器”。一个人不经过考验就不可能完美。(教材原句回译)
As the Chinese saying ges, “Jade is gd-fr-nthing if nt carved.” A man cannt be perfected withut trials.
希望你们已经学会不把责任当作困扰你们的重担，而是把它当作支持你们未来发展的基础。(教材原句回译)
Hpefully, yu have learnt t treat respnsibility nt as a weight that burdens yu, but rather as a fundatin
which will supprt yur future develpment.
她因考试作弊而感到羞愧，于是去告诉老师。(状语从句)
She was s ashamed f cheating n the test that she went and tld the teacher.
一群男孩子们经过时，Paul假装正在捡垃圾。(pretend)
When a grup f bys passed by, Paul pretended t be picking up garbage.
失去引擎动力后，船员们发现自己任凭风浪摆布。(mercy)
Having lst engine pwer, the bat's crew fund themselves at the mercy f the wind and the waves.
家庭问题使他非常焦虑不安，他可能感到高度的压力和尴尬。(weigh)
The family matter weighs heavily n him, and he is prbably sensing high levels f stress and embarrassment.
是在昨天我们在操场上举办了成人礼。(强调句型-对时间状语进行强调)
It was yesterday that we held the cming-f age ceremny n the playgrund.
大众传媒应该承担起社会教育的责任。(assume)
The mass media shuld assume respnsibility fr scial educatin.
城市规划将城市视为一个单位，一个有机的整体。(rganic)
City planning treats the city as a unit, as an rganic whle.
【Part B】 技能提升练习
阅读七选五
（2021·江苏·淮安高二期末）When smething ges wrng, we naturally start lking fr a persn t blame — and that persn is ften urselves. But feeling guilty wn't help the situatin. Remember that the wrld is cmplex, and ften a whle series f events caused what went wrng. 1 Accept that bad things happen, n matter hw hard yu try and it isn't yur respnsibility t fix every prblem in sciety.
Get t the rt (根源) f yur guilt. D sme sul-searching and figure ut why yu’re feeling guilty. If yu feel like yu shuld be vlunteering at yur kids’ schl mre, ask yurself why yu haven’t. Then yu’ll knw what’s best fr yu t d. 2
See yur mistakes frm smene else's pint f angle. Pretend that yur friend is facing a similar issue—wuld yu want that persn t suffer lng frm thse feelings? 3 S give yurself the same tlerance that yu'd give anyne else.
Ignre the guilt trip. 4 S if a parent, partner r bss is making yu feel awful, start by taking cntrl f yur wn reactin. Aplgize sincerely and d smething t make up if necessary, but dn’t let smene else determine hw yur mistake shuld make yu feel. Yu’re the nly ne in charge f yur feelings.
5 Yu might nt be talented in every area, but yu d have talents t ffer. Maybe yu dn't always make healthy hmemade meals, but yu have never missed yur kids’ sccer games. Even if yu aren't the type t make big rmantic gestures, yur partner prbably knws yu will always listen and say the right thing when smething happens.
A. Knw yur gifts make up fr yur failures.
B. Dn't bear all the blame fr the utcmes.
C. The nly persn yu can cntrl is yurself.
D. Learn mre skills t plish up fr yur lack f talents
E. Nt nly is self-care imprtant it als helps yu be a better caretaker t thers.
F. The truth is yu're prbably being harder n yurself than anyne wuld want.
G. S getting t the bttm f yur guilt helps yu handle what yu need t d effectively.
【答案】BGFCA
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述一旦事情出了差错，我们很自然的把问题归结在自己身上，感到很内疚。但是实际上很多问题的发生是由一系列事情导致的，不要把所有的责任都承担下来，并告诉读者如何调整自己。
根据上文“Remember that the wrld is cmplex, and ften a whle series f events caused what went wrng.(一定要记得这个世界很复杂，通常是一系列的事情导致出了问题)”可知，问题的发生是由一系列的事情导致的；B选项Dn't bear all the blame fr the utcmes(不要为结果承担所有的责任)，选项中的“Dn't bear all the blame”与上文“a whle series f events caused what went wrng.”一致，即很多事情导致了问题的产生，不要把所有责任承担下来。故选B。
根据段首句“Get t the rt (根源) f yur guilt.(找到你内疚的根源)”可知，本段重点讲述寻找你为什么内疚；以及上文“Then yu’ll knw what’s best fr yu t d.(然后你就会知道做什么才是对你最好的)”；G选项中前半句“getting t the bttm f yur guilt(找到你内疚的根源)”与段首相呼应，后半句“helps yu handle what yu need t d effectively(帮助你有效地解决你需要做的事情)”与上文一致。故选G。
根据下文“S give yurself the same tlerance that yu'd give anyne else.(所以给自己和其他人一样的容忍度)”可知，不要对自己太苛刻；F选项中“being harder n yurself(对自己太苛刻)”与下文中“S give yurself the same tlerance”衔接。故选F。
根据下文“S if a parent, partner r bss is making yu feel awful, start by taking cntrl f yur wn reactin.(所以如果你的父母，搭档或者老板正在让你感觉很糟糕，从控制你自己的反应开始)”可知，要先控制自己的行为，空格处要承接下文中的S；C选项The nly persn yu can cntrl is yurself(你唯一能控制的是你自己)与下文中的“S” 承接以及与“taking cntrl f yur wn reactin”一致。故选C。
根据下文“Yu might nt be talented in every area, but yu d have talents t ffer. Maybe yu dn't always make healthy hmemade meals, but yu have never missed yur kids’ sccer games. Even if yu aren't the type t make big rmantic gestures, yur partner prbably knws yu will always listen and say the right thing when smething happens.(你可能不是每个领域都有天赋，但是你的确有天赋。也许你并不总是能做出健康的饭菜，但是你从未缺席过你的孩子的足球比赛。即使你不是那种会做出浪漫姿态的人，但是你的伴侣很可能知道当有事情发生的时候，你总是会倾听并说出正确的事情)”可知，人有不擅长的事情，但是也有自己擅长的事情，所以可以用自己的优点来弥补不足之处；空格处总领全段，概括全段主旨；A选项Knw yur gifts make up fr yur failures.(知道你的天赋可以弥补你的不足)正好承接下文，并概括下文的主旨。故选A。
语法填空
（2021·湖南·长沙长郡中学高三月考）Yu may ften tell white lies t yur child. “I've gt Santa n the phne and he says he's nt cming unless yu g t bed nw,” is particularly 1. (use) during the festive seasn, fr example.
It can seem like nthing: just anther tl t imprve yur child's behaviur. But dn't get t 2. (attach) t the technique—telling t many white lies t yur child may have mre far-reaching cnsequences than yu might have hped.
T examine the impact f parental lying, researchers in Singapre gave 379 adults nline 3. (questinnaire). The results suggested that thse 4. parents had lied mre were nw mre likely t lie t their wn parents—by being lied t, in ther wrds, it seemed they had started t believe that being dishnest
5. (be) mrally acceptable.
Additinally, if parents are cnstantly lying t their children, there may ptentially be ther underlying relatinal issues 6. (cntribute) t prblems in adlescence and adulthd. Yes, misleading children might nt help their 7. (develp), but there may als be deeper prblems that are respnsible
8. their difficulty with attentin r behaviur.
S, next time yu think abut telling 9. yu see as a harmless white lie t keep yur child quiet r get them int bed, 10. (think) again. It may save yu sme time—but, in the lng run, it's prbably nt wrth it.
【答案】
useful
attached
questinnaires
whse
was
cntributing
develpment
fr
what
think
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述经常对孩子说善意的谎言会带来不良影响。
考查形容词。句意：例如，“圣诞老人打电话给我，他说除非你现在上床睡觉，否则他不会来。这句话在节日期间特别有用。is为系动词，后面需加形容词作表语。故填useful。
考查固定短语。句意：但不要太依赖这种技巧——对孩子说太多善意的谎言可能会产生比你想象的更深远的最影响。get attached t为国定短语，意为“对...依赖的”，故填attached。
考查名词。句意：为了检验父母撒谎的影响，新加坡的研究人员对379名成年人进行了在线问卷调直。questinnaire是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需用名词自数形式。故填questinnaires。
考查定语从句。句意：结果表明，那些父母撒了更多谎的孩子现在更有可能对自己的父母撒谎——换句话说，他们似乎已经开始相信不诚实在道德上是可以接受的。空处引导定语从句，先行词thse，在定语从句中作定语，需用关系代词whse引导。故填whse.
考查动词时态。句意同上，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，主语为being dishnest, 谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，故填was。
考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，如果父母经常对孩子撒谎，可能会有其他潜在的关系问题导致孩子在青春期和成年期出现问题。空处需填非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词issues, 二者为逻辑上的主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填cntributing。
考查名词，句意：是的，误导孩子可能无助于他们的发展，但也可能有更深层次的问题导致他们难以集中注意力或行为，their为形容词性物主代词，后面需加名词，空处需填develpment作宾语。故填develpment。
考查介词。句意同上。be respnsible fr为固定短语，意为“对...负责”，故填fr。
考查名词性从句。句意：所以，下次当你想说一些你认为是无害的善意的谎言来让你的孩子安静下来或让他们上床睡觉时，请三思。空处引导宾语从句，引导词在宾语从句中作宾语，需用连接代词what引导。故境what。
考查祈使句。句意同上next time引导时间状语从句，空处为主句谓语动词，且为祈使句，需用动词原形。故填think。
应用文写作
（2021·安徽·六安一中高二期末）假定你是李华，上周在某团订了一次pizza外卖。但是送餐时间比
预定时间晚了近一个小时。打电话询问商家和送餐员时，他们却互相推卸责任。请你根据以下提示给该网站负责人写一封投诉信：
1. 表明写信的目的
2. 陈述你遇到的具体问题
3. 提出解决问题的方案
注意：
1.词数为100左右；
2.可适当增加细节以使行文连贯；
提示词：送餐员：delivery by
Dear Sir/ Madam，










Yurs，
Li Hua
【答案】A pssible versin:
Dear Sir r Madam，
I'm Li Hua，and I am writing t express my dissatisfactin abut the service yur website prmises.There are sme main reasns why I am nt cntent with it.
Last week，I rdered a pizza in ne f the shps in rder t enjy a happy time with my family.Hwever，the pizza delivery was an hur later than scheduled.What made me even mre upset was that the restaurant shifted ff its respnsibility t the delivery by when I asked fr their prper explanatin.But the delivery by said he was nt the persn t blame.
I knw yur website is a famus ne，but my experience shws that yur service needs imprvement.Nt nly yur web but als the restaurant shuld give me a reasnable explanatin.I trust that yu'll take this seriusly and make an effrt t prevent such things frm happening again.
Yurs faithfully，
Li Hua
担负重担
践行社会主义核心价值观
撕下包装纸
善意的谎言
趣味相投
良好的责任心
承担责任
致力于...
live a lie
对...做出巨大贡献
为...感到羞愧
关闭她的线上账户
任由...摆布
成人礼
遭遇很多困难处境
apart frm
bear the heavy burden
9. 过骗人的生活；为人虚伪
practise cre scialist values
10. make substantial cntributins t
tre ff the wrapping paper
11. be ashamed f/at...
a white lie
12. clse her nline accunt
share the same tastes
13. at the mercy f
a well-develped sense f respnsibility
14. the cming-f-age ceremny
take/assume respnsibility
15. encunter many difficult situatins
devte neself t ding...
16. 除了...
resigned
integrity
substantial
rganic；mineral
parcels
superb
guilty
frgave
wrinkled
sewed/sewn
phase
harvest
mercy
likewise
deadline
guidance
fault
garbage
virtues
bnus
excel
discuraged