2021中考英语真题分类汇编 题型十一短文填空

这是一份2021中考英语真题分类汇编 题型十一短文填空，共52页。试卷主要包含了 ________等内容，欢迎下载使用。

题型十一　短文填空
专项训练一　方框选词填空
(时间：7～12分钟/篇　　分值：1分/小题)
类型1　10选10
话题1　说明介绍
Passage 1(2020河南)
present　if　last　they　usual　other　interest　good　help　have
Friendship and kindness go hand in hand. A friendship can 1.________ forever when friends are kind to each other.
People 2.________ become friends because they have something in common. They share many of the same 3.________ and like to be together. It is easy to be a friend when everything is going great, but a true friend is one who sticks around in both the 4.________ times and the bad. A good friend will cheer you up when you are 5.________ a bad day. Show a friend you care. Ask the other person，“What can I do to help you？” and be willing to do it.
Listen to your friends. Be honest. Tell 6.________ what is wrong if they have
hurt you. Send a card, give them a little 7.________， or call them on the phone just
to say “I value our friendship”. 8.________ whenever and wherever you can.
Good friendships are not easy to develop, but a friendship can last forever 9.________ you are loyal and sincere. If you are a friend to 10.________， they will usually be a friend to you. Friends make life better.
Passage 2(2020江西)
because　bring　city　easy　even　goal　important　make　repeat　they
Chile(智利) is a long and beautiful country with ocean to the west and mountains to the east. Some of the villages are a very long way from 1. ________ and some of the schools are very small.
It is difficult for small schools to teach science 2. ________ they don't have enough teachers or equipment(设备). This is where the Science Bus Project can help. The bus 3. ________ special science teachers, new ideas and equipment to schools in different parts of the country. Sometimes the children go inside the bus for 4. ________ science lessons or clubs. Sometimes the teachers 5. ________ bring the equipment inside the classroom. The children do experiments(实验). The materials used in the experiments are 6. ________ to find, for example recycled plastic bottles, so that the class teacher can 7. ________ the experiments with the class when the bus has gone.
The 8. ________ of the Science Bus Project is to bring science to children all over Chile. Since 2012, the bus has visited lots of schools in Chile, and hundreds of teachers have learned how 9. ________ their science classes fun and exciting.
Science is 10. ________ for all of us, as it helps us understand our world and we can learn about it inside or outside of the classroom.
Passage 3(2020泸州)
Thousands of years ago, people had to hunt (打猎)for food. They lived in caves(洞穴)and needed fire to keep 1. ________. Some of them drew pictures on the walls of their caves.
We don't know why they drew the pictures. They had to go 2. ________ into the cave to do it, so they must have had a plan. They probably took a light 3. ________ them, which was made of animal fat. Maybe they drew the pictures to 4. ________ good luck when they hunted. Others think the spears (矛)in the pictures mean that they were 5. ________ other people to hunt.
For paint, they mixed animal fat with some different things like dirt or berries. They used sticks to brush the paint onto the 6. ________ of their caves. Some of the drawings are colorful and others are black from the burned end of a stick.
These people drew what they saw around them — 7. ________ such as tigers, deer, horses, and sometimes birds and fish. They also drew people, but not very 8. ________．
The pictures are 9. ________ good most of the time. The tigers look strong and powerful. Many of the horses and deer look graceful.
These drawings have been 10. ________ in more than 130 caves — mostly in England and France. Maybe there are more that we haven't found yet. It is interesting to look at such old drawings.
(A. with　　B. teaching　　C. walls　　D. deep　　E. warm
F. bring G. often H. animals I. quite J. found)
Passage 4(2020凉山州)
story　 from　 go　 fall　 quick　be　they　fly　 while　 that
When you see quite a beautiful girl on the street, which word will you use to describe
the beauty of her? In Chinese, we may use these Chinese sayings as Chenyuluoyan or
Biyuexiuhua. However, do you know where the sayings are 1. ________？
In Chinese ancient history, there 2. ________ four well­known beauties named Xishi,
Wang Zhaojun, Diaochan and Yang Yuhuan. Here are two 3. ________ about Xishi and
Wang Zhaojun.
Xishi lived during the Spring and Autumn period. One day, she 4. ________ to a river to wash silk with her friends. Some fish were swimming in the clear water. When the fish saw Xishi, they swam down to the bottom of the water 5. ________．The fish were shocked by the beauty of Xishi and felt embarrassed of 6. ________．
Wang Zhaojun lived during the Han Dynasty. The king of Han wanted to send her to the king of the enemy country as a gift. A few days later, 7. ________ Wang was on the way with a group of guards, something interesting happened. There was a wild goose 8. ________ above the head of Wang Zhaojun. It was so shocked by the beauty of Wang 9. ________ it even forgot to flap wings. Then it fell down heavily into the forest.
Nowadays, if a girl's beauty is overwhelming, we can say she is the one that “can make the fish sink and the wild goose 10. ________”．
话题2　人物介绍
Passage 1(2020陕西)
he　go　take　race　world　difficult　well　wide　have　be

For most of us Chinese, Rick Clay might not be so popular. However, the name is 1. ________ known in the sports field. Rick Clay lives in Wellington, New Zealand. He is one of the 2.________ top athletes (田径运动员)．He first became famous five years ago when he broke the 400m world record.
Rick 3. ________ won five gold medals (奖牌) in the last few years. This year has been very 4. ________ for Rick, however. In May, he had bad luck because he hurt 5. ________ by accident while he was preparing for this year's Tokyo World Championships. He was 6. ________ to the hospital. The doctor said it was not serious but would still take some time for him to be all right again. Ever since then, he has not run in any more 7. ________．
Rick has tried to be positive (积极的) about his health. “It's been a hard year, but I'm getting 8. ________， though it takes time，” he said. “I love green plants and flowers. There 9. ________ many in my yard. I have done lots of gardening and spent more time with my family. So that's good.”
The next world competition is in Sydney in December. “I really want to 10. ________. But I'm not sure if my leg will be ready for the game. I do hope it will be by then.”
Passage 2(2020随州)
make　a　use　her　up　ever　if　usual　build　recycle


Do you often throw away things you don't need anymore? Have you 1. ________ thought about how these things can actually be put to good use? Nothing is a waste 2. ________ you have a creative mind.
You have probably never heard of Amy Hayes, but she is a most 3. ________ woman. She lives in a house in the UK that she built 4. ________ out of rubbish. The windows and doors come from old 5. ________ around her town that were pulled down. The top of the house is an old boat turned upside down. And the gate in front of her house is 6. ________ of rocks and old glass bottles. Amy recently won a prize from the Help Save Our Planet Society. The president said, “Amy is 7. ________ inspiration to us all.”
Amy isn't the only one who is good at 8. ________. Jessica Wong from Hong Kong uses old clothes that people don't wear anymore to make bags. She has been doing this for a few years now.She opened a small shop where she sells her bags, and she has also set 9. ________ a website to sell them online. She especially likes to use old jeans to make handbags. Her bags are cute and 10. ________. “I plan to write a book about new ways to use old clothes，” she said. “I hope people can read my book and enjoy it！”
话题3　教育故事
Passage 1(2020菏泽)
cow　if　listen　that　grass　difficult　two　in 　he　be
　

During the Warring States Period, there was a musician called Gongming Yi, who played
musical instrument — qixianqin very well. He loved it so much 1.________ he played it
at home almost every day. A great number of people would like 2.________ to him, and admired
him very much. They all said that the man was such a great musician. When they 3.________
free, they often went to Gongming Yi's house and listened to his music.
One day, Gongming Yi saw a 4.________ when he was having fun in the countryside. Suddenly, he had a strange idea. “Since everybody loves my music, why don't I play some music for this cow？” Then he moved his qixianqin 5.________ front of the cow. And he began to play it. He played the qixianqin very well and the music was beautiful, but the cow showed no reaction at all. It just kept eating 6.________ with its head down. He thought the music he played might be too 7.________ for the cow. So he tried to play some easy music. However, after playing for a long time, Gongming Yi was disappointed. He began to question his musical ability. He said to 8.________，“The cow didn't understand my music.” Then he shook his head and went away.
This is a funny story, but it is educational. We can learn 9.________ lessons from the story. First, don't say anything to the people who don't understand you at all. Second, 10.________ you talk to a wrong listener, you are silly and wasting time.
Passage 2(2020新疆自治区、生产建设兵团)
at　egg　live　kindness　have　protect　another　moving　as　nothing


Scott often goes to supermarket for shopping. One day, he went to shop at the supermarket 1.________ usual. While he was looking for a parking space, he saw a goose(鹅) standing in the middle of the road. He thought it might be injured, he parked the car and 2.________ a look. However, the goose looked angry and tried to drive him away. He could do 3.________ but leave.
When Scott finished shopping and walked out of the supermarket, he was surprised 4.________ what he saw. The goose was still walking around the parking lot, and there was 5.________ goose not far away. A few traffic cones(锥形警告路标) had been put around it. Scott knew it was a female from its feather. A man from the supermarket told Scott they had done so in order to 6.________“the family”. The family? Yes, the female goose was found laying 7.________．
A few hours ago, Scott shared his 8.________ story on the Internet. Indeed, it was just a small thing, but showing the 9.________ of human nature. If all of us can 10.________ peacefully with animals, we believe that our earth will become better.
话题4　热点
Passage 1(2020泰安)
everything, trouble, sick, because, quiet, come, about, allow, eye, run


In January 2020, a virus we now call COVID­19 broke out. This virus was highly infectious(易传染的). It made lots of people terribly 1.________ and sometimes even killed them. At that moment, 2.________ was put into lockdown(封锁) in Wuhan as if the stop button(按钮) was pressed across the city.
Before the lockdown, my family went to my parents' hometown in Caidian, a suburb(郊区) of Wuhan. Life went on 3.________. All the villagers closed their doors and didn't go out. Soon, I began to worry 4.________ my study. Our government and several companies made it possible for students to study at home. Through livestreaming(直播课), we were able to learn all the subjects online. At first, I was afraid I couldn't keep up my studies 5.________ the Internet was very slow in the countryside. Sometimes I had 6.________ connecting to my online classes. This made me feel a little nervous. My parents often encouraged me and helped me a lot.
Without my textbooks, I had to read and do exercises on a computer screen, which hurt my 7.________. Luckily, our teachers taught us to do eye exercises. They provided us with psychological guidance(心理辅导) as well.
Gradually, life fell into a new routine(惯例). I studied online, went to bed and got up early. Every afternoon, I 8.________ around the backyard for a while to keep healthy and strong. I wanted to be prepared for the 9.________ entrance examination for high school.
It was my birthday when Wuhan was 10.________ to reopen. I was very happy to see stores selling hot dry noodles again. I think I'll remember this birthday forever.
类型2　12选10
话题1　观点看法
Passage 1(2020山西 )
I　but　ask　stop　final　which　one　he　who　hide　happy　feeling


I spent many years of my life pretending(假装). I told that I was happy with my job, although I knew from the 1.________ day that it wasn't fit for me. I pretended to agree with everyone around me to avoid the risk of disagreement. After spending so much time hiding my true self, I 2.________ felt that I'd had enough of that — I was really tired of pretending.
I made up my mind 3.________pretending. It's easier to pretend than to be truly honest with ourselves, 4.________ it comes with a heavy price. If I pretend my job is satisfying, I probably won't make the necessary changes to create a new job 5.________ will bring pleasure to my life. If I pretend to be happy in a relationship when my true 6.________ clearly say something else, how can I improve my relationship?
These days, I'm always saying what's true for me. When I 7.________ to work on a new project, I said that I wasn't good at it because I had little experience with it. In the past, I always 8.________ that fact and felt bad about it for days or even weeks. During parties, I admit(承认) that I hate 9.________ job and can't wait to leave. In the past, I pretended I liked it just to fit in with everyone else.
Pretending is costly(代价高的). It is not money we give away but peace of mind, and 10.________. I stopped pretending from then on.
话题2　教育故事
Passage 1(2020成都)
able　　catch　　difficult　　hold　　learn　　little
possible speech success tie true we
　


A man walking through an elephant camp was surprised to find that the elephants weren't being kept in cages or held by chains. All that was holding them back from running away from the camp was a
small piece of rope — it was just 1. ________ to one of their legs.
As the man looked at the elephants, he couldn't understand it. Why didn't the elephants
just use their power to break the rope and run away?
Wanting to know the 2. ________， he asked a trainer nearby why it was so.
“When they were very young and much smaller, we used the same size of rope to tie them, and at that age, it was enough 3. ________ them. As they grew up, they still believed that they couldn't break away. Even now, they believe the rope can still control them, so they have the 4. ________ courage to try to break free，” the trainer answered.
The man was 5. ________. These animals were able to break away from the rope whenever they wanted, but it was only because over time, they believed that it was just 6. ________．
How many of us go through life like the elephants — believing that it was beyond(超越) our 7. ________ to do something only because we failed once or some times before?
Failure is part of 8. ________. If we fail at something, we can still get something from it. Failure in the past doesn't mean we can never 9. ________ in the future. We should keep on trying with confidence 10. ________ even after we have experienced failures in life.
话题3　说明介绍
Passage 1(2020抚顺、本溪、辽阳)
other　　　we　　　cold　　　worth　　　low　　　seldom
change however on warm high they


During May, most places in China are warm. But Mount Qomolangma is still 1. ________ and covered with snow. At this time, a group of Chinese climbers are climbing the highest mountain in the world. They are going to measure(测量)the 2. ________ of the mountain.
In fact, China already measured the height of the mountain in 1975(8，848.13 meters)
and 2005(8，844.43 meters). But the height can 3. ________ as Earth's plates(板块) move.
As technology improves, people want to get more exact numbers.
4. ________， measuring its height is not easy. The temperature there is ­29℃，
four degrees lower than that in Antarctica(南极). The snow there is 4­5 meters thick and strong winds blow all the time. Climbers have to carry scientific instruments to the world's rooftop(屋脊). They collect data(数据) 5. ________ the top of the mountain. After that scientists study the data and calculate(计算) the height of the mountain.
To deal with the difficult conditions, team members started training in January. They have to sleep in 6.________ tents to keep warm. To save fresh water, climbers 7.________ take a shower or wash faces. As for food, they have three dishes and soup for each meal. It is easy to keep meat fresh in such a 8.________ temperature.
Though there are also some 9.________ difficulties that we can not think of, the mountain is still 10.________ measuring. An exact measurement can help to study the plate movement so that scientists can warn people the coming of the earthquakes.
专项训练二　适当形式+盲填
(时间：7～12分钟/篇　　分值：1分/小题)
话题1　人物经历
Passage 1(2020烟台)
It's not usual that you can feel the warmth in an icy train station. After all, it's the place where people walk 1. ________(quick) from one end to the other for their trains with impatience. However, just there, 2. ________ a cold Friday morning, I saw something that moved me to tears.
While I 3. ________(walk) to the hall of the station, I saw a young woman put something next to 4. ________ sleeping homeless man. She put it down silently and left in a hurry. I wondered 5. ________ she had put some money there. Instead, it was a sandwich 6. ________(lie) on the man's bag. I suddenly realized that a sandwich was probably what the man needed most.
I couldn't help thinking of many times when I 7. ________(help) by others. I also thought about all the other little acts of 8. ________ (kind) that happened every day and went unnoticed. Even the smallest thing can make a big 9. ________ (different). And what a gift it is when you get to see the 10. ________ (move) moments!
Passage 2(2020金华)
My grandpa loves playing chess. Every day he plays chess with his friends. Last week, he 1. ________(come) to visit us in Canada. But he was very disappointed when he found nobody here could play chess with 2. ________(he)．
One day, when I came back from school, I found my grandpa was sitting 3. ________(quiet) in a chair, doing nothing. I knew he was lonely. Why not teach him to play online chess on my computer? I thought.
“Grandpa, someone is waiting 4. ________ you to play chess.” I went to him and said.
“Really？” he said, his eyes opening wide. “Who? And where？”
I took him to 5. ________ computer in my room and said, “Right here.” Then I taught him how to use the Internet and how 6. ________(play) chess online. At first, he was slow. Having tried several times, he became better and began to play chess with people from around the world.
“7. ________ interesting it is! This is simply fantastic！” he cried excitedly.
Now he is quite good at playing chess online and has made a lot of 8. ________(friend) on the Internet at the same time. My grandfather is much 9. ________(happy) than before.
Grandpa will go back home soon. I believe the time when we played online chess together was so great 10. ________ both of us will never forget.
Passage 3(2020宁波)
Last summer I got the chance to spend a month helping out in a hospital in Africa. I had one year left at school, and I was 1. ________(interest) in studying medicine at university.
It was a month that changed my life. I 2. ________(introduce) to a world that is very different to mine in so many ways. I was shocked at how poor so many 3. ________(family) over there are and how difficult their lives can be. But I was also surprised at how positively people spend 4. ________(they) daily lives. The way they come together and help each other is a real inspiration, and something I think a lot of us here in the UK have forgotten. I think many of us don't realize 5. ________ lucky we are. My work in the hospital was hard. Not only did I spend a lot of time cleaning floors, but 6. ________ I got to spend some time looking after the patients. And I got the chance 7. ________(talk) to some doctors and ask them about the job. I saw some truly awful things in the hospital, 8. ________ none of them changed my mind about being a doctor. 9. ________ fact, they only made me more determined to do medicine!
When I finish, I know 10. ________ I'm going to do: I want to work for an international organization like the Red Cross. I can't wait to get started.
Passage 4(2020嘉兴)
My brother Claudio is one of the people I love most. He is wise and always helpful, taking care of me and 1. ________(we) young sister, Sarah. The day when he left home to go to college, I 2. ________(teach) the importance of being a man.
It was a 3. ________(rain) Saturday morning in August. We were woken up by the sound of Sarah playing the piano as usual. In the kitchen, there was 4. ________ surprise for Claudio—his favorite pancakes. Mom gave us a big smile and told us 5. ________(sit) down for the breakfast. This was an important day for all of us!
While we 6. ________ (eat) breakfast, Claudio went upstairs to collect his things. I suddenly heard him calling my name. When I walked 7. ________ the room we shared, I found Claudio sitting at my bedside.“It's time, brother，” he said. I thought he was saying that it was time for him to leave the house, 8. ________ in fact he told me that I should take on a bigger role in the family from then on. He said I should do 9. ________ (many) for Mom than before after he was gone.
I thought about his words very 10. ________ (careful) and then understood everything. That day I learned about family, love and duty.
话题2　说明介绍
Passage 1(2020淄博)
Venice is considered to be one of the most 1. ________(beauty) cities in the world. It has been known as the “City of Canals(运河)”， “City of Bridges”， and “City of Water”. The city is made up of about 100 2. ________(island), 150 canals, and 400 bridges. There 3. ________(be) no roads in the city, so there are no cars. The only forms of transportation(交通) are on water and 4. ________ foot. There are roads, a train station, 5. ________ an airport at the edge(边缘) of the city. One of the famous symbols of Venice is a “gondola(平底船)”. Gondolas are still used today, though 6. ________(main) by tourists. All Venetian gondolas are painted black — it was a law that was passed in the 7. ________(sixteen) century. Most Venetians travel by water buses called “vaporetti”. Venice has one of the world's most famous bridges 8. ________(call) the Rialto Bridge, built in 1591.
Venezuela, a country in South 9. ________(American), means “little Venice”. This is because the early European visitors to Venezuela first met the local people who lived in homes built over the water, reminding 10. ________(they) of Venice.
Passage 2(2020衡阳)
West Lake is suitable for visiting all year round. The scenery is different according to the weather, and season.
Spring
Spring (from March to May) is the best season to visit West Lake. In Spring, green 1. ________ (leaf) and flowers make West Lake more beautiful. Lots of visitors choose to visit West Lake in March and April.
Summer
Summer (from 2. ________ to August) is the season of Lotus(莲花)flowers.
The lotuses attract many people. “Lotus in the Breeze at Crooked Courtyard”(曲院风荷)
is one of the 3. ________ famous sights of West Lake. It is also the best place to visit
in summer. It is an area by the 4. ________ (west) bank of the lake. Every summer, there 5. ________(be) hundreds of kinds of beautiful lotuses 6. ________ are enjoyed by millions of visitors from home and abroad.
Autumn
Autumn (from September to November) is cool at West Lake. In Autumn, the enjoyable weather is right for 7. ________ (walk) round or going boating on the lake. West Lake is also a popular place for enjoying the 8. ________ moon in the sky at the Mid­Autumn Festival.
Winter
Winter (from December to February) at West Lake is very cold and wet. Sometimes it snows. The snow makes West Lake white and beautiful. “Melting Snow at Broken Bridge” is beautiful scenery in winter. The bridge is famous not 9. ________ for its snowy scenery, but also for its romantic tale. It was on the Broken Bridge that Bai Suzhen first met her 10. ________ (love), Xu Xian.
Passage 3(2020遵义)
In the US, the 1. ________(sixteen) birthday is special. People usually have 2. ________(importance) celebrations for teenagers. That is 3. ________ the party is their first step to be an adult. Some of the parties are very big celebrations and cost a lot of money. Everyone 4. ________(wear) beautiful clothes. These parties 5. ________(hold) in hotels and there are even music group playing. People usually give gifts 6. ________ the sixteen­year­olds. Some gifts can be very expensive. The young people enjoy 7. ________(they) at the party with singing and dancing. However, other parties are simpler and people just have them at home. Sometimes 8. ________(family) celebrate them in other ways, such as going on a special trip together, watching 9. ________ interesting movie or eating a big meal in a nice restaurant. How do you plan 10. ________ (celebrate) your birthday?
Passage 4(2020荆门)
For many people around the world, the third Sunday in June is a day to respect their fathers. It is Father's Day and 1. ________(celebrate) Father's important role in the family.
Father is just 2. ________ important to a child as Mother is. For daughters, Father is the first man they admire, while for sons, Father is an idol(偶像) and the 3. ________(strong) man in their life.
The idea of celebrating Father's Day 4. ________(give) by Sonora Smart Dodd of Washington in 1909. She wanted a special day to honor(纪念) her father William Smart; his wife died 5. ________ she was giving birth to their sixth child. Mr.Smart was left 6. ________(raise) the newborn and his other five children only by himself. After Sonora became an adult, she understood the strength and selflessness(无私) her father had shown in raising his children as a single parent. The first Father's Day was celebrated 7. ________ June 19, 1910 in Washington. And it was in 1966 that the then USA President Lyndon Johnson officially made the third Sunday of June Father's Day. In 1972, the then USA President Richard Nixon made 8. ________ a national holiday.
Over the years, the idea of celebrating Father's Day on the third Sunday of June 9. ________ (spread) across the world. Celebrating the day gives people a chance to express their love and thanks to their fathers. Celebrating the day also makes fathers feel that their contributions are acknowledged(认可) by their children and 10. ________(social)．
Passage 5(2020自贡)
You're probably used to getting takeaway(外卖) delivered(递送) to your home these days. But the first pizza delivery in history took place nearly 150 years 1.________ in Italy.
In 1878, Margherita became the first queen of Italy. Gradually, the queen got tired 2.________ eating “fancy” meals and wanted to eat “common” food. Esposito, the most famous pizza chef at that time, was asked to deliver a pizza to the queen. He 3.________ (quick) prepared a pizza with red tomatoes, white cheese and green basil, which stood for the colors of Italy's new 4.________ (nation) flag. As soon as the pizza was out of the oven, he delivered it to the queen 5.________(him). The queen had never eaten pizza before and said it was one of the 6.________ (good) things she'd ever eaten. Esposito named the pizza after the queen, and it has been served in nearly every pizza restaurant in the world ever since.
Today, pizza is still popular with people around the world. In 1973, US Domino's Pizza company promised 7.________ (take) pizzas to customers in “30 minutes or less”. If the pizza was late, it would be free. Another US pizza company offers a “Hot­N­Ready” pizza at all its 8.________ (store). These pizzas 9.________ (cook) around the clock so that there are always fresh pizzas available. Go to the store, paying $6 10.________ you'll walk out with a fresh pizza with no waiting time.
话题3　教育故事
Passage 1(2020衢州)
Mr Happy always woke up with a sunny smile. He was one of the most cheerful 1.________(man) in the world. His smile was even 2.________(bright) than the sun. However, he had one secret that made him sad, but nobody knew about it.
Then one day, while going out 3.________ a walk, Mr Happy met Miss Beautiful. Mr Happy smiled as usual and Miss Beautiful smiled back. But then she stopped and looked at Mr Happy 4.________(angry)．
“How rude！” she shouted. “Young man, don't you know that you should raise your hat 5.________ you meet a lady！”
For 6.________ first time in his life, Mr Happy lost his smile. “I'm sorry, Miss Beautiful.” replied Mr Happy, “But without 7.________(I) hat on, I'm not very good­looking and that makes me sad.”
“Really？” asked Miss Beautiful. “Well, let me see. I promise 8.________(keep) the secret.”
Mr Happy 9.________(lift) his hat. He had the total of only three hairs on his head!
“Is that all you're worried about？” asked Miss Beautiful. “Why? Your bright sunny smile 10.________(love) by everybody, not how many hairs you have！” Miss Beautiful smiled.
Ever since that day, Mr Happy hasn't stopped smiling. He is always quick to raise his hat to everyone he meets.
Passage 2(2020湖州)
When teacher Margret Atkins, 39, went to ride her bike to school last Friday, she was shocked to discover it 1. ________(steal). When our reporter spoke to her, she told him that she'd been angry when she realized the bike was gone. It was quite 2. ________ old bike her grandpa had given her years ago. She said it was 3. ________(valuable) gift she'd ever received.
So what did she do? She decided 4. ________ (write) a note to the thief and put it where the bike had been taken away. To her surprise, she 5. ________ (find) the thief had returned the bike, together with a written apology(道歉) later that day. “What I did was 6. ________(complete) wrong. I'm really sorry I took your bike. Hope you can accept 7. ________ (I) apology！”
Mrs. Atkins told reporters she was not going to call the police 8. ________ she was no longer angry. She was just thankful that she could go to school on her bike again. She added that she'd probably write another passage to the thief. “I want to thank him 9.________ returning the bike and tell him I've forgiven(原谅) him，” she explained. “People sometimes make 10. ________(mistake), but the important thing is that they own up to(承认) what they've done，” she said.
话题4　人物故事
Passage 1(2020聊城)
David Smith is a student, and one of his 1. ________(hobby) is writing. During the summer of 2010, he 2. ________(spend) four weeks at a summer camp. As well as the usual activities, there was a writing 3. ________(class). “The teacher was a writer, and she asked us to 4. ________(talk) about our lives and tell interesting stories. Then she encouraged 5. ________(we) to write about our experiences at the camp.”
Back at school, David wrote a story about 6. ________(冠词) life of a sixteen­year­old boy, and 7. ________(successful) it came out as a book in 2012. Many young people love his book, and 8. ________(介词) a result, David has become a popular young writer.
Writing has brought David pleasure and success, 9. ________(连词) it is not his only hobby. He is also interested in many other things. “I like 10. ________(play) volleyball too，” says David.
Passage 2(2020台州)
Beth Jones was only eight years old when she first tried playing the drums. This was during a lunchtime music club at school, which she only went to because it was snowing 1.________(heavy). Of all the musical instruments, the drums were 2.________(interesting) to Beth. She thought it was cool that there were many different shapes and sizes of drums, and she wanted to hit 3.________(they), to see what they sounded like.
Now Beth is thirteen and gives concerts around the country. She also has her own YouTube channel and 4.________(get) over a million hits a year. What's amazing is that Beth hasn't ever been to 5.________ drum lesson. “You can learn anything on the Internet, so I've never felt it was important for me to take classes，” explains Beth.
Giving concerts wasn't easy for Beth in the beginning because usually she only played drums alone in her bedroom when she came home 6.________ school. At her first concert, she played in a band with many 7.________(adult). She could feel hundreds of pairs of eyes looking at her, 8.________ that made her feel afraid.
So, does Beth enjoy 9.________(be) famous now? “I didn't plan to be famous，” she says. “All I want is to show others what I love. I don't think I'm someone special. I just want everyone 10.________(have) a great time at my concerts.”
话题5　科普知识
Passage 1(2020德阳)
Imagine that you are running in a park on a very hot day. Will you feel tired？The answer is yes. But besides 1. ________ feeling of being tired, I believe most people will feel thirsty soon. You will feel much 2. ________(good)right away after you drink some water. Your body needs water, so it tells you to drink. It's simple, right?
Actually, it's not 3. ________ (real)simple. There is a special part in our brains. When our blood is too salty, it says, “Drink！” 4. ________ we drink, it is quiet. Water does not go into our blood right away. However, our brains still know that we 5. ________(drink)before. How? When you swallow(吞) fast, your brain knows and thinks you are drinking water.
If you drink something else, your brain will still be quiet. It will still think you are drinking water. Maybe you drink cola or even oil. You will stop 6.________(feel)thirsty. But in fact, drinking those things is not good 7.________ you when you feel thirsty. You should just drink water because your body needs it most.
How much water should we drink each day？Here are doctors' 8.________(opinion). Some doctors advise 9.________(we) to drink eight cups of water every day, while other doctors say that's too much. On a hot day, you lose a lot of water. So, maybe you should drink more. Every person's body has 10.________(difference) needs.
专项训练三　首字母提示填空
(时间：7～12分钟/篇　　分值：1分/小题)
话题1　人物经历
Passage 1(2020武汉)
Boyan Slat has one huge goal. It's a goal that could be good for people and 1. a________ all over the world. Amazingly, it looks like he's going to 2. m________his goal.
When he was 16, Dutch engineering student Slat was on vacation in Greece, and he started to think about all the rubbish that is 3. p________ onto beaches by water. The oceans around the world are all of plastic­millions of tons of plastic. Unfortunately, plastic doesn't just disappear. It takes 4. c________ to break down (分解)．
The 5. p________ situation of the oceans is bad and worrying and Slat wanted to do something to change it. So he made it a personal goal to clean up the rubbish in the world's oceans.
Slat started with an idea for an unusual 6.m________ to “catch” the plastic floating (漂浮) in the water using the natural energy of the ocean. He left school in 2013 to begin work on his project The Ocean Cleanup. Soon, the project 7. r________ a lot of attention.
A year later, he was leading a team of 100 scientists and engineers working on the invention. Slat needed money for this, so he started asking people to 8. d________ to his project online and raised over $2 million!
Soon after, Slat was named a “Champion of the Earth” by the United Nations for his meaningful and 9. v________ work. It's the most important title the UN gives to people helping the environment. The Ocean Cleanup also won several awards (奖项) for having one of the best inventions of 2015. But the 10. d________ goes on for Slat. He hopes that the oceans will be free of plastic in about twenty or thirty years.
Passage 2(2020扬州)
Our lives changed tracks the day our son was born. We 1. w________ whether we should move back to our home country Brazil. I remember looking down at our newborn baby and thinking about how different his life would be there.
During the ten years away from my big family and my culture, I missed the delicious foods, samba, Brazilian jujitsu(柔术), and sunny skies. My wife 2. m________ our homeland too. As a musician, it would be 3. e________ for her to do her work in Brazil. But in the United Kingdom, I had the funding and lab resources for my research. Would such a move be a disadvantage to my career?
A few weeks later, my brother called from Brazil, telling me that our father had passed away. The great happiness I felt about my son's birth suddenly gave way to deep 4. s________. We had no doubt it was the right time to 5. r________to Brazil. We applied for the professor positions at a university in our hometown and 6. b________ received offers.
7. H________， it wasn't easy getting started with my research in Brazil. I didn't receive any start­up funding for my lab. Now, thanks to Brazilian funding, I have a team of bright young scientists and can 8. a________ expensive lab resources.
We are living the lives we wanted to live — working on rewarding research and feeling closer to our family and 9. c________ in our home country. My son is growing up close to his cousins. I take up Brazilian jujitsu training, which I haven't been able to do during my years 10. a________. My wife and I feel happy to find a way home.
话题2　咨询建议
Passage 1(2020南京)

Do you have difficulty learning English words? Well, 1. k________ a vocabulary notebook
for learning new English words is not difficult. Here are some easy steps. First, buy a notebook
2. w________ at least 100 lined pages. You should select the color and size notebook that you
prefer. 3. S________， write down any important words that you come across when reading
or listening. This step 4. r________ you to decide whether a word is important enough for you to learn now. Do not assume(认为) that you will learn the word 5. l________. The next step is a bit difficult because you need to decide 6. w________ information about each word you will write in the notebook.
Some learners write only a 7. t________ of the word. Others write an example phrase using the word. 8. I________ information that matches your learning style and your needs. Finally, the most important thing you can do to learn the words in your notebook is to 9. p________ these words several times. If the pages of your notebook are well organized, you are more likely to review the words and their information over and over. If you 10. f________ these important steps, you can improve your English greatly. Come and have a try!
Passage 2(2020泰州)
Sometimes we fall in love with something at once and sometimes it takes long. The same
is true with poems. If we're lucky 1. e________， we open a book and find a poem that attracts
us at once. But usually we need to spend a little 2. t________ or make a little effort to truly
understand a poem. Today I'd like to talk about reading poems in ways that make the
experience better.
Reading a poem repeatedly will deepen your understanding of it. Sometimes a poem that seems 3. b________ on first reading becomes interesting with more reading. A poem that feels meaningless becomes deeper and more meaningful. And sometimes you're just not in the right mood the first time you read a poem, but 4. l________ it touches your heart.
Keep a 5. d________ at hand when you are reading poems. Poets like to use unusual words. Instead of skipping over(跳过)these words or trying to 6. g________ their meanings, look them up.
Read aloud and listen to the poem. Reading aloud will make the poem's rhythm clear. Besides, a poet's reading is very helpful 7. b________ we can understand the poem's meanings from where the poet places emphasis(强调)or pauses(停顿).
After you finish reading a poem, take a few moments to consider 8. w________ it is saying. Sometimes its meanings are better understood 9. t________ repeated reading. Other times they need our careful and deep thought on a poem.
It is 10. h________ to say whether there's a right or wrong way to read poems, but reading practices will enrich your experience, increase your enjoyment, and deepen your understanding of any poem.
话题3　观点看法
Passage 1(2020天津)
Have you ever heard the saying, “Home, sweet home”？ This is just another way of saying that it's 1. n________ to be home! A lot of the people and things we love are at home.
What do you like about being at home?
What do you like best about being at home? Maybe you like to play with your brothers and sisters. Maybe you 2. e________ staying with your mum and dad. Maybe you have a pet you like to play with. Spending time with your family is one thing that makes being at home special.
Your bedroom is 3. a________ thing that makes home special. Your toys, your books, and your favourite things are in your bedroom. Consider what you like best about your room. Is it how it looks? Is it your comfortable 4. b________ that you sleep on? Maybe you like to have a 5. q________ place to read a book or to think about your day.
Mealtime can be a special time at home. Families sit around the table to eat the food Mum or Dad has prepared. It's a time to share interesting 6. s________ about your day.
How do you help at home?
There are a lot of things to do to make home a special place. Who does the chores (家庭杂务) 7. l________ cleaning, cooking, and yardwork(庭院劳动) at your house? When families work 8. t________ to do the chores, it makes them easier and more fun for everyone. Maybe you can 9. h________ lay the dinner table or clear the places. Maybe you can pull weeds(草) out of the flower garden. Maybe you can water the vegetable garden or the houseplants. Think about what you can do, so that 10. w________ you come home every day, you can say, “Home, sweet home！”
话题4　教育故事
Passage 1(2020咸宁)
When I was a child, my mom liked to make food for dinner every now and then. One night she made 1. d________ after a long, hard work.
That evening, my mom placed a plate of eggs, sausages and burned(烤焦的)2. c________ in front of my dad. I was waiting to 3. s________ if anyone would say anything. Yet my dad just reached for his cookies, smiled 4. a________ my mom and asked me how my day was at school. I didn't remember what I told him that night, 5. b________ I clearly remembered watching him eat every bite of the cookies!
When I got up from the table that evening, I heard my mom apologize(道歉)to my dad for 6. b________ the cookies. And I will never forget what he 7. s________： “Dear, I love the burned cookies.”
Later that night, I went to kiss Dad goodnight and I 8. a________ him if he really liked his burned cookies. He hugged me and said: “Your mom had a 9. h________ work today, and she's very tired. Besides, a little burned cookie never hurts 10. a________！”
Life is 11. f________ of imperfect(不完美的)things and imperfect people. We 12. n________ to learn to accept each other's faults(过失) and enjoy each other's differences. Try to understand it and change our mind.
话题5　科普知识
Passage 1(2020襄阳)
Scientists have long wondered how Australia's koalas get enough water to live. A new study 1. p________ an answer.
The lead writer of the new report on koalas is Valentina Mella of the University of Sydney. It was earlier 2. t________， she explains, that the animals got most of the water they needed in the leaves they ate.
In the wild, koalas get water from the plant leaves they eat. But they also get it from water 3. r________ down from the trees during it rains.
Mella and other scientists 4. w________ koalas in the wild every year. They find that koalas are 5. a________ at night. They live in trees and depend on them for food, drinking and also for resting places.
Koalas spend most of the time high up in the trees. They eat lots of leaves. An adult koala 6. n________ eats between 0.5 and 0.8 kg of leaves a day. Koalas sleep about 20 hours a day.
Mella notes that a koala usually spends 98% of its 7. l________ in trees. She also notes that the only time they come down to the ground is to 8. d________ another tree with better leaves.
In fact, the word “koala” means “no drink” in the 9. l________ language. Koalas did not go down onto the ground very often. So it was considered that they had no need to drink water.
The koalas' living 10. e________ is getting worse now because the fires from September 2019 to January 2020 in Australia have burned about 30% of the forests where they live.
专项训练四　盲填
(时间：7～12分钟/篇　　分值：1分/小题)
话题1　人物经历
Passage 1(2020河南)
One day, I was reading my favorite magazine. My little girl 1. ________
playing around me, which made my reading impossible. To get some peace, I tried
a trick 2.________ keep her busy for a little while. I took a page out from my magazine
with a printed map on it. I cut the map into pieces and handed them over to her, asking her to put those pieces together and make 3. ________ complete map again.
But within several minutes, she was standing 4. ________ front of me with a perfect map in her little hands. Surprised, I asked her how she did it so quickly and easily.
She smiled and said, “Oh, Dad, 5. ________ is a man's face on the other side of the map. I just tried to make his face completely.”
Then she turned and ran outside to play, leaving me eyes wide and mouth open.
Passage 2(2020广东省卷)
Jane is a warm­hearted girl. She is only ten years old, 1. ________ she has big ideas of helping other kids.
Jane took part in a winter camp 2. ________ the age of eight.During her stay in the camp, she went to visit some kids in poor areas. She felt sad that the kids there didn't have new clothes to 3. ________ and toys to play with. After she returned home, she kept thinking about 4. ________ to do to help those kids.
One morning Jane saw some elder kids selling lemon juice by the street. They wanted to raise 5. ________ to help their friends. Then she came up with an 6. ________.
With the help of her mother, Jane 7. ________ up her first lemonade stand (摊档). In a week, it made 52. Although it was only a 8. ________ money, she helped 12 kids with it! She felt very excited when she saw smiles on 9. ________ faces.
After that, her mother helped her start a program called Jane's Lemonade for Love. Up till now, she has already raised 10. ________ than 17，000! She is going to spend the money on clothes, toys and books for the poor kids.
Passage 3(2020岳阳)
Road­side business has become a hot topic recently. Premier(总理) Li Keqiang
once said that road­side business can reflect common people's life lively.
Last weekend, 5 college students decided to taste the trade pattern and difficulties
of life outside school 1. ________ selling vegetables on the side of the road together.
In the morning, they had to 2. ________ up at 3 o'clock. First, they went to the
farm near the city to buy different 3. ________ of vegetables. To reduce(减少) the cost, they learned to bargain(讲价) with the farmers. Then they went back to the city as soon as 4. ________ to take up a stall(摊位). At about 6：30 a．m. after putting vegetables in order and nicer ones on top, they began to 5. ________ vegetables. They peddled(吆喝) loudly and actively to attract customers. When the vegetables were not sold out, they gave them 6. ________ to homeless people. Two days 7. ________， they earned (赚了) about 300 yuan.
After this unusual experience, they shared their feelings with each 8. ________. “We were tired, 9. ________ we gained a lot. Compared with hanging out, such social practice makes us learn 10. ________ difficult it is to make money.” said Wang Wen, who came up with this idea.
话题2　咨询建议
Passage 1(2020重庆A卷)
We all want to live the life we dream of. However, at times, some negative(消极的) ideas may stop us. Hope the following suggestions can help to ignore those 1. ________ and go ahead.
Do What We Can Control
One thing we can control is doing what we can—eating healthily, exercising, reading, and getting enough sleep. Doing the right things can help 2. ________ to achieve the most happiness. Also, it can make us move on in the 3. ________ direction. However, we should also accept that there are many things we can't control.
Take Calculated(预料到的)Risks
Success doesn't come 4. ________ risks. We all have to take risks in life, but try to make sure those risks are calculated. For example, you are working at a job that you hate, and you are dreaming of giving it up and 5. ________ your own business. The thought is a start. But one day, you can't stand your job any more, so you leave it even though you haven't really had a plan. This is such a big risk that it will probably make you 6. ________ want to take a risk again. So just start with a small risk.
Don't Be Afraid of Failure
Thomas Edison is one of the greatest inventors in history. However, he 7. ________ many times. Did you know Edison created an electric pen? A ghost machine? Probably not. Well, that's because they were complete failures. But those failures put him one step 8. ________ to success. Think of failures as milestones(里程碑) towards success.
Passage 2(2020重庆B卷)
It's normal for the human mind to wander(走神). So many things may fill your mind and pull your thoughts in different directions. This isn't always 1. ________. Sometimes a wandering mind can lead to a new creation. However, wandering thoughts can also stop you 2. ________ getting things done, keep you up at night, or hurt your health. Don't worry. Try the following practice.
Doing Exercise and Activities
Slow down and let your mind focus (专注) on your breathing. By controlling your breathing, you bring your 3. ________ to work together with your body. Once you lose interest in what you're doing, you can take a break from it. Go for a walk, do some exercise, take a shower or even lie down and think about 4. ________. These activities help a lot.
Focusing on Tasks You're Doing
Do one task at a time. It won't slow you down. Instead, it keeps your mind focused and you'll be able to get more done 5. ________. While doing tasks, don't look around from time to time. If there's something keeping your mind wandering, allow yourself a specific(特定的) time to worry, think or plan. 6. ________ the time is up, refocus on your next task.
Controlling Worrying Thoughts
Writing down or sharing your worries helps to get them out of your head. When there's a big task, it's understandable to put it off. But by 7. ________ it bravely and trying to solve it, you can get away from your worrying thoughts. If it doesn't work after you've tried everything, 8. ________ that there are always things you can't change.


题型十一　短文填空
专项训练一　方框选词填空
类型1　10选10
话题1　说明介绍
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了友谊和善良是相辅相成的。朋友之间善待对方时，友谊才能天长地久。真正的朋友无论顺境或逆境都会陪伴在彼此身边，他们让生活更美好。
1. last　【解析】句意：朋友之间善待对方时，友谊才能________永远。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少动词，根据句意并结合备选词汇可知，last填在这里符合语境，指的是善待对方，友谊才能天长地久。由空白处前面的情态动词can可知，用动词原形。故填last。
2. usually　【解析】句意：人们________因为有共同之处而成为朋友。所填词位于行为动词前，由此可知，此处缺少副词作状语。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知，usual的副词形式填在这里符合语境，指的是人们通常因为有共同之处才成为真正的朋友。故填usually。
3. interests　【解析】句意：他们有许多共同的________，并喜欢在一起。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少名词，根据空白处前面的形容词same，并结合备选词汇可知，interest填在这里符合语境；再根据前面的many可知，此处用可数名词的复数形式。故填interests。
4. good　【解析】分析句子结构可知，此处缺少形容词，根据句中的bad并结合备选词汇可知，good填在这里符合语境，指的是处于顺境。故填good。
5. having　【解析】句意：当你________糟糕的一天，好朋友会让你振作起来。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词，根据句意并结合备选词汇可知，have填在这里符合语境，由空白处前面的are可知，此处用其现在分词形式，构成现在进行时。故填having。
6. them　【解析】分析句子结构可知此处缺少宾语，根据句中的“if they have hurt you”并结合备选词汇可知，they的宾格填在这里符合语境，指的是告诉他们。故填them。
7. present　【解析】分析句子结构可知，此处缺少名词，根据句中的“card”并结合备选词汇，可知present填在这里符合语境，指的是送给朋友的小礼物。故填present。
8. Help　【解析】分析句子结构可知，此处缺少动词，根据句意并结合备选词汇可知，help填在这里符合语境，指的是要随时随地给朋友提供帮助。此处是祈使句，所以用动词原形。句首单词首字母大写。故填Help。
9. if　【解析】句意：……但________你忠诚并真诚，友谊可以天长地久。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少连词，根据句意并结合备选词汇，可知if填在这里符合语境，表提出假设，故填if。
10. others　【解析】句意：如果你是________朋友，他们通常也会是你的朋友。分析句子结构可知此处缺少代词，根据句意并结合备选词汇可知，other填在这里符合语境，指的是你是别人的朋友，空后无名词，应用others(＝other people) 。故填others。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智利的科学巴士项目，该项目旨在通过给智利的一些学校提供科学老师、新的观点和实验设备来实现给全智利的孩子们带来科学的目标。
1. cities　【解析】根据常识及备选词汇可知，此处表示有些村庄很偏僻，离城市很远，选词city；且这些村庄不止聚集在一个城市，所以应用其复数形式。故填cities。
2. because　【解析】句意：对一些小学校来说，教授科学是困难的，________他们没有足够的老师或者设备。根据句意可知后半句表示原因，结合备选词可知，because符合此处语境。故填because。
3. brings　【解析】句意：这辆巴士给这个国家不同地区的学校________特殊的科学老师、新的观点和设备。根据下文“The 8.________ of the Science Bus Project is to bring science to children all over Chile.”可知，这辆巴士带来了老师、观点和设备，选词bring；文章时态为一般现在时，主语为The bus，谓语动词应用单三形式。故填brings。
4. their　【解析】句意：有时孩子们为了________科学课或者俱乐部走进巴士。根据句意及备选词汇可知此处表示为了他们的科学课或者俱乐部，选词they；分析句子结构可知此处应用形容词性物主代词来修饰名词science lessons or clubs。故填their。
5. even　【解析】句意：有时老师________把器材带进教室。分析句子结构可知此处应填副词。结合备选词汇可知，even符合此处语境。故填even。
6. easy　【解析】句意：实验中用到的材料________找到，例如可回收的塑料瓶……。此处位于系动词are之后，应填形容词作表语；根据句中“recycled plastic bottles”及常识可知，这些材料容易找到，选词easy。故填easy。
7. repeat　【解析】句意：实验中用到的材料容易找到，例如可回收的塑料瓶，因此当巴士已经走了之后，班级的老师可以和学生________实验。根据句意及备选词汇可知此处表示用容易找到的材料重复做实验，选词repeat；情态动词can后应用动词原形。故填repeat。
8. goal　【解析】句意：科学巴士项目的________是给全智利的孩子们带来科学。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词作主语，根据句意及上文讲述科学巴士给智利学校的孩子们带来科学可知，此处表示科学巴士项目的目的，选词goal；由句中的系动词is可知主语为单数形式。故填goal。
9. to make　【解析】句意：自从2012年，巴士已经访问了智利很多所学校，而且数以百计的老师已经学会如何________他们的科学课堂有趣又令人激动。根据句意及备选词汇可知此处表示使他们的科学课堂有趣又令人激动，选词make；根据固定用法“how to do sth.”可知，此处应填动词不定式。故填to make。
10. important　【解析】句意：科学对我们所有人都是________，因为它帮助我们了解我们的世界，而且我们可以在我们的课堂内外学习它。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词形式作表语；根据后半句句意及备选词汇可知，科学对所有人都是重要的，选词important。故填important。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几千年前，人类在洞穴里画壁画的原因、过程以及内容。
1. E　【解析】句意：他们住在洞里并需要火来保持________。keep是系动词，所以应填形容词构成系表结构。根据语境及备选词可知应该是保暖。故填warm。
2. D　【解析】句意：他们不得不去________洞里画壁画，因此他们必须有一个计划。本句不缺少主干成分，可填副词作状语。根据语境及备选词可知应该是进到洞穴的深处。故填deep。
3. A　【解析】句意：他们可能拿着一盏灯________他们，灯是由动物的脂肪制成的。take sth. with sb.随身携带某物，为固定用法。故填with。
4. F　【解析】句意：或许他们画画是为了在他们打猎时________好运。空前是动词不定式符号to，所以此处填动词原形。根据语境及备选词可知应该是带来好运。故填bring。
5. B　【解析】句意：其他人认为图画里的矛的意思是他们________其他人打猎。根据语境及备选词可知此处使用了teach sb. to do sth.的固定用法，空前是系动词were，所以此处填现在分词形式构成过去进行时。故填teaching。
6. C　【解析】句意：他们用棍子来把涂料刷到他们洞的________上。空前是定冠词the，所以此处填名词。根据第一段最后一句中“drew pictures on the walls of their caves”可知填walls。
7. H　【解析】句意：这些人画他们身边看到的东西——________比如老虎、鹿、马，有时是鸟和鱼。空后所列举的都是动物。故填animals。
8. G　【解析】句意：他们也画人，但不是非常________。空前是very，所以填副词，修饰动词drew。根据but表转折及备选词可知不是经常画人。故填often。
9. I　【解析】句意：大多数时间，图画是________好的。此处修饰形容词good，所以填副词。根据语境及备选词可知是非常好的。故填quite。
10. J　【解析】句意：这些画已经被________在超过130个洞里——多数在英国和法国。根据后文的“we haven't found”及备选词可知此处表示发现，又因为空前是系动词been，所以填过去分词构成被动语态。故填found。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国人一般形容一个女孩漂亮就用 “沉鱼落雁”和“闭月羞花”两个成语，并且举例中国古代的两个美人的故事来解释“沉鱼落雁”的由来。
1. from　【解析】句意：你知道这些谚语是________哪里吗？根据语境再结合备选词汇可知，此处表示“来自”，be from来自，为固定用法。故填from。
2. were　【解析】句意：在中国古代历史上，有西施、王昭君、貂蝉、杨玉环四大美人。分析句子结构可知句子为there be句型，表示“有”。根据“beauties”可知主语为复数，且时态为一般过去时，所以be动词应用were。故填were。
3. stories　【解析】 句意：这里有两个关于西施和王昭君的________。根据语境再结合备选词汇可知，此处表示“故事”，空格前是two，所以应用复数形式。故填stories。
4. went　【解析】句意：一天，她和朋友们________河边浣纱。根据语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处表示“去”，陈述的是过去的事情，所以应用一般过去时。故填went。
5. quickly　【解析】句意：……它们________游到水底。根据语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处表示“快速地”，此处应用副词修饰动词。故填quickly。
6. themselves　【解析】句意：鱼儿们被西施的美丽惊呆了，感到局促不安。根据“When the fish saw Xishi, they swam down to the bottom of the water 5. ________．”再结合备选词汇可知，此处表示“为自己感到尴尬”，主语fish是复数名词，所以用themselves。故填themselves。
7. while　【解析】句意：几天后，________王昭君和一群护卫在路上时，发生了有趣的事情。分析句子结构并结合备选词汇可知，此处表示“当……时”，用while引导时间状语从句。故填while。
8. flying　【解析】 句意：有一只大雁________在王昭君的头顶。根据语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处表示“飞”，选词fly；there be sb. doing sth.有人正在做某事，为固定用法。故填flying。
9. that　【解析】句意：它被王的美貌惊呆了，甚至忘了拍打翅膀。分析句子结构并结合备选词汇可知，此处是“so...that”结构，表示“如此……以至于”。故填that。
10. fall　【解析】句意：……我们可以说她是那个“沉鱼落雁”的人。根据语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处表示“使……落下”，make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事，为固定用法，所以用动词原形。故填fall。
话题2　人物介绍
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了新西兰惠灵顿的知名运动员瑞克·克莱，由于摔伤不能参加比赛。但他尽自己最大努力保持健康的身体和积极乐观的心态，他希望自己能够参加下次世锦赛。
1. widely　【解析】句意：然而这个名字在运动领域被________知晓。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词修饰动词known。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知，此处表示这个名字被广泛知晓，应用wide的副词形式。故填widely。
2. world's　【解析】句意：他是________最优秀的田径运动员之一。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词性质的词修饰名词短语top athletes。根据句意可知，此处指世界上最优秀的运动员，应用world的名词所有格形式。故填world's。
3. has　【解析】句意：瑞克在近些年里________赢得五枚金牌。根据in the last few years可知，本句时态为现在完成时。主语为Rick，谓语应用第三人称单数。故填has。
4. difficult　【解析】句意：然而对于瑞克来说，今年是很________。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词作表语。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知，此处表示今年很困难。故填difficult。
5. himself　【解析】句意：在五月份，他运气不好，因为当他为今年东京世锦赛做准备时，他意外地伤了________。根据语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处表示他伤到了自己。本句中主语与宾语为同一人称，应用反身代词。故填himself。
6. taken　【解析】句意：他被________到医院。根据句意可知，此处表示他被带到医院。空前有was，此处应用动词过去分词构成被动语态。故填taken。
7. races　【解析】句意：从那以后，他没有在任何________中奔跑。分析句子结构可知，空处应填名词。根据句意可知此处表示没有在任何比赛中奔跑，race为可数名词，此处应用复数形式。故填races。
8. better　【解析】句意：他说：“这是困难的一年，但我正变得________，尽管那需要时间。”分析句子结构可知，此处应填形容词。根据句意及结合备选词汇可知，此处表示我正在变得比之前更好。故填better。
9. are　【解析】句意：在我的院子里有很多(绿植和花)。分析句子结构可知此处为there be句型。根据语境可知，本句时态为一般现在时，由空后的many可知，此处be动词应用复数。故填are。
10. go　【解析】句意：我真地想要________。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词原形构成动词不定式。根据上文语境并结合备选词汇可知此处表示我真地想要去(参加比赛)。故填go。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文围绕“再循环，再利用”这一话题讲述了两位善于对废旧物品再利用的女士，Amy Hayes和Jessica Wong。
1. ever　【解析】句意：你曾经考虑过怎样将这些东西好好利用吗？根据句中的Have和thought about可知，这里表示“曾经考虑过”。故填ever。
2. if　【解析】句意：没有什么东西是废物，________ 你有创新思维。本句要表达的意思是“假如，如果”。故填if。
3. unusual　【解析】句意：你可能从未听说过埃米·海斯，但她是一个很________ 女人。根据空前的most和空后的woman可知，这里需要一个形容词修饰woman。由上下文可知，埃米·海斯是一个不同寻常的人。故填unusual。
4. herself　【解析】句意：她住在英国，房子是她________用废弃物建造而成的。根据上下文可知，Amy Hayes利用废弃物为她自己建造了房子，而不是为别人建造房子。故填herself。
5. buildings　【解析】句意：门窗来自她城镇附近被拆除的老________。根据后半句的“around her town that were pulled down”可知，在埃米周边城镇中被拆除的应该是很旧很老的房屋建筑。故填buildings。
6. made　【解析】句意：房前的大门是由石头和旧玻璃瓶子________。be made of由……做成。这里表示埃米建造的房子大门是由石头和旧玻璃瓶子做成的。故填made。
7. an　【解析】句意：协会主席说：“埃米对我们大家是________(精神)鼓舞。”根据句中的inspiration可知，埃米这种“再利用，再循环”的创造精神值得大家学习，是对所有人的一种精神鼓舞。inspiration以元音音素开头。故填an。
8. recycling　【解析】句意：埃米并不是唯一擅长________的人。be good at ＋动名词形式，表示“擅长做某事”。根据语境可知，此处表示擅长回收利用。故填recycling。
9. up　【解析】句意：她开了一家卖包的小店，还________了一个网站，在网上卖她的包包。set up a website建立了一个网站。故填up。
10. useful　【解析】句意：她的包可爱又________。根据句中and前面的cute“可爱的”是个形容词，and前后结构应保持一致，后面应该也是形容词。由上下文可知，此处指杰西卡做的包包不但可爱，而且实用。故填useful。
话题3　教育故事
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了对牛弹琴的典故，并借此告诉我们两个道理：第一，不要和完全不懂你的人交谈；第二，如果你的听众是错误的，那你就是在浪费时间。
1. that　【解析】so...that...如此……以至于……，为固定搭配。故填that。
2. to listen　【解析】根据下文“they often went to Gongming Yi's house and listened to his music.”可知此处指很多人都愿意听他弹奏，选词listen。would like to do sth.愿意做某事，为固定用法。故填to listen。
3. were　【解析】be free空闲的，选词be。根据主语和时态可知从句时态为一般过去时，从句主语为they。故填were。
4. cow　【解析】根据下一句中“Since everybody loves my music, why don't I play some music for this cow？”可知他看到了一头牛，空前有a，此处应用单数形式。故填cow。
5. in　【解析】in front of在……的前面，为固定搭配。故填in。
6. grass　【解析】根据常识可知牛是在低头吃草，grass为不可数名词。故填grass。
7. difficult　【解析】分析句子结构，空前有be动词，空处应填形容词。根据后一句“So he tried to play some easy music.”可知，此处表示“他认为他弹奏的音乐对于牛来说可能太难了”，选词difficult。故填difficult。
8. himself　【解析】句意：他对________说：“这头牛不懂我的音乐。”根据语境可知此处是表示他自言自语，他对他自己说，应用he的反身代词。故填himself。
9. two　【解析】句意：我们可以从这个故事学到________教训。根据空后两句中“First”“Second”可知是学到两个教训。故填two。
10. if　【解析】句意：________你和一个错误的聆听者交谈，你很傻，也是在浪费时间。分析句子结构，空处缺少连词。根据句意及备选词汇可知此处表示“如果你和一个错误的聆听者交谈”，if符合语境。故填if。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文为一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个人类保护动物的感人故事，以此呼吁人类与动物和平共处。
1. as　【解析】根据上文可知斯科特经常去超市购物，故此处指斯科特像往常一样去超市购物，as usual意为“像往常一样”，为固定搭配。故填as。
2. had　【解析】根据语境可知此处指他停下车看一看，have a look意为“看一看”，为固定搭配。又由并列连词and可知，此空所填动词应与“parked”时态保持一致。故填had。
3. nothing　【解析】根据上文鹅看起来很生气且赶斯科特离开，故此处指斯科特别无他法，什么都不能做，只得离开。故填nothing。
4. at　【解析】be surprised at sth. 意为“对……感到惊奇”，为固定搭配。故填at。　
5. another　【解析】根据下文“Scott knew it was a female from its feather.”可知，此处指还有另外一只母鹅，结合方框所给词可知填another。　　　
6. protect　【解析】结合上下文可知，此处指超市竖起锥形警告路标是为了保护母鹅下蛋，选词protect；in order to＋动词原形。故填protect。
7. eggs　【解析】结合上下文及方框所给词可知，此处指母鹅正在下蛋，lay eggs意为“产卵，下蛋”。故填eggs。
8. moving　【解析】结合上文及方框所给词可知，此处应填moving，指超市保护母鹅下蛋这个故事很“感人”。 故填moving。
9. kindness　【解析】the后面应填名词，结合上文故事及方框所给词可知，此处指故事展现了人性的善良。故填kindness。
10. live　【解析】结合上下文语境及方框所给词可知，此处指斯科特呼吁人们与动物们和谐共处。live peacefully with...意为 “与……和谐共处”，情态动词后填动词原形。故填live。
话题4　热点
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了新冠病毒爆发期间，由于武汉封城，作者一家住在了乡下并在乡下上网课的经历。
1. sick　【解析】分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词，根据句意并结合备选词汇可知，sick填在这里符合语境，指的是病毒让人们生病。故填sick。
2. everything　【解析】分析句子结构可知此处缺少主语，根据句中的“the stop button(按钮) was pressed”并结合备选词汇可知，everything填在这里符合语境，指的是一切都被封锁了。故填everything。
3. quietly　【解析】分析句子结构可知此处缺少副词作状语，根据语境并结合备选词汇可知，quiet的副词形式填在这里符合语境，指的是生活默默地继续着。故填quietly。
4. about　【解析】worry about担心，为固定短语。故填about。
5. because　【解析】句意：起初，我担心我不能继续我的学习________在农村互联网是非常慢的。分析句子结构可知此处缺少连词，根据语境并结合备选词汇可知，because填在这里符合语境，表达了我不能继续我的学习的原因。故填because。
6. trouble　【解析】have trouble(in) doing sth.做某事有困难，为固定用法。故填trouble。
7. eyes　【解析】分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词，根据上文“I had to read and do exercises on a computer screen”并结合备选词汇可知，eye填在这里符合语境，指的是伤害眼睛，用其复数形式。故填eyes。
8. ran　【解析】分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词，根据语境并结合备选词汇可知，run填在这里符合语境，指的是跑步。讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，动词应用过去式。故填ran。
9. coming　【解析】分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词，根据语境并结合备选词汇，coming符合语境，指的是“即将到来的”。故填coming。
10. allowed　【解析】分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词，根据语境并结合备选词汇可知，allow填在这里符合语境，由空前was可知用其过去分词形式，构成被动语态，指的是“武汉被允许重新开放”。故填allowed。
类型2　12选10
话题1　观点看法
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。作者介绍了自己为了适应不适合自己的工作，一直都在假装喜欢工作，假装同意周围每个人的意见，以避免意见不一致的风险。在花了这么多时间隐藏真实的自己之后，作者终于厌倦了伪装并进行了改变。文章告诉我们，不要去假装，因为假装的代价是昂贵的，我们付出的不是金钱，而是内心的平静和幸福。
1. first　【解析】句意：尽管从________天起我就知道它不适合我……分析句子结构可知此处缺少定语，根据句意并结合备选词汇，可知one的序数词形式填在这里符合语境，指的是从工作的第一天起作者就知道那份工作不适合自己，故填first。
2. finally　【解析】句意：……我________觉得我受够了——我真的厌倦了伪装。分析句子结构可知此处缺少副词作状语，根据句意并结合备选词汇，可知final的副词形式填在这里符合语境，指的是作者感觉受够了，故填finally。
3. to stop　【解析】句意：我决定________假装了。make up one’s mind to do sth.决定做某事，为固定短语。根据句意并结合备选词汇，可知stop填在这里符合语境，指的是作者决定不再假装了。故填to stop。
4. but　【解析】句意：________这也带来了沉重的代价。分析句子结构可知此处缺少连词，根据空前后句意并结合备选词汇，可知but填在这里符合语境，表示转折关系，故填but。
5. which　【解析】句意：我可能不会做出必要的改变来创造一个能给我生活带来乐趣的新工作。分析句子结构空处后面是一个定语从句，先行词是job，在定语从句中做主语，结合备选词汇，可知which填在这里符合语境，故填which。
6. feelings　【解析】句意：如果我在一段感情中假装快乐，而我的真实________却清楚地告诉了我一些其他的事，我该如何改善我的关系？分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词，根据句意并结合备选词汇，可知feeling填在这里符合语境，应用其复数形式，指的是作者的真实感受，故填feelings。
7. was asked　【解析】句意：当我________做一个新项目时，我说我不擅长，因为我没有什么经验。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词，根据句意并结合备选词汇，可知ask填在这里符合语境，主语与谓语存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用被动语态，指的是作者被要求做一项新工作，根据文章内容用一般过去时，主语是I，所以系动词用was。故填was asked。
8. hid　【解析】句意：在过去，我总是________这个事实，并为此难过好几天，甚至几周。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词。根据上文中提到的最近我总是说一些自己的真实感受，与过去的形成对比。结合备选项可知“hide”符合语境。根据空后and并列的“felt”可知此处用一般过去时。故填hid。
9. my　【解析】句意：我承认我讨厌________工作，迫不及待地想离开。分析句子结构可知此处缺少定语。根据句意并结合备选词汇，可知I的形容词性物主代词填在这里符合语境，指的是作者讨厌自己的工作，故填my。
10. happiness　【解析】句意：我们付出的不是金钱，而是内心的平静和________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词，根据句意并结合备选词汇，可知happy的名词形式填在这里符合语境，指的是作者为假装付出了自己的快乐。故填happiness。
话题2　教育故事
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是大象在很小的时候，挣脱不了绑在腿上的绳子，长大了仍然以为挣脱不了，所以就放弃挣脱。故事告诉我们，失败是学习中的一部分，不要因为一次的失败就放弃。
1. tied　【解析】句意：唯一阻止他们从营地逃跑的是一小段绳子——它只是________在他们的一条腿上。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词，根据句意及备选词汇可知，tie符合语境，根据空前was可知此处主语和谓语构成被动语态，应用动词过去分词。指的是被绑在腿上。故填tied。
2. truth　【解析】句意：想知道________，他去问附近的训练员为什么会这样。根据the可知，此处应填名词作宾语，根据句意及备选词汇可知，true的名词形式符合语境，指的是这个人想要知道真相。故填truth。
3. to hold　【解析】句意：在它们很小，体形也很小的时候，我们用同样大小的绳子绑住它们，在那个年龄，这已经足够________它们。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词，根据句意及备选词汇，可知hold符合语境，此处考查It is＋adj.＋to do sth.句型。故填to hold。
4. least　【解析】句意：直到现在，它们相信那根绳子仍然可以控制它们，所以他们有________勇气去尝试挣脱。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词，根据句意及备选词汇可知，little符合语境，空白处前面有the可知，此处用形容词的最高级。故填least。
5. speechless　【解析】句意：这个人________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词作表语，根据句意及备选词汇，可知speech的形容词形式speechless符合语境，指的是这个人知道原因后对此无话可说了。故填speechless。
6. impossible　【解析】句意：这些动物随时可以挣脱绳子，但仅仅因为随着时间的推移，它们认为这是________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词，根据上文“but it was only because over time”及备选词汇可知，possible的反义词符合语境，指的是它们认为挣脱是不可能的。故填impossible。
7. ability/abilities　【解析】句意：我们中有多少人像大象一样度过一生——仅仅因为我们失败过一次或几次就认为做一些事情超出了我们的________的承受范围？分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词，根据句意及备选词汇可知，ability符合语境，指的是我们做事的能力，此处名词单数复数都可。故填 ability/abilities。
8. learning　【解析】句意：失败是________的一部分。分析句子结构可知此处缺少宾语，根据句意及备选词汇可知，learn的动名词形式填在这里符合语境，指的是失败是学习的一部分。故填learning。
9. succeed　【解析】句意：过去的失败并不意味着我们将来永远不会________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词，根据句意及备选词汇可知，success的动词形式符合语境，空前有情态动词，应用动词原形。故填succeed。
10. ourselves　【解析】句意：即使在经历了生活中的失败后，我们也应该满怀信心地继续努力________。根据句意及备选词汇，可知our的反身代词符合语境。故填ourselves。
话题3　说明介绍
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述5月份珠穆朗玛峰仍然很冷覆盖着雪，但是一群登山者爬上珠穆朗玛峰去测量山的高度，尽管有很多困难，但是测量是非常有价值的。准确的测量能帮助研究板块运动以便于科学家警告人们地震的到来。
1. cold　【解析】句意：但是珠穆朗玛峰仍然很________并且覆盖着雪。根据“covered with snow”可知此处用形容词cold作表语，表示虽然五月，但是珠穆朗玛峰仍然“很冷”。故填cold。
2. height　【解析】句意：他们将测量山的________。定冠词the后面用名词；根据动词measure和mountain以及后文“China already measured the height of the mountain”可知此处用名词height表示“高度”。故填height。
3. change　【解析】句意：但是高度会随着地球板块的移动而________。根据“as Earth's plates(板块) move”可知此处用动词change 表示“变化”。情态动词can后用动词原形。故填change。
4. However　【解析】句意：________，测量它的高度不是那么容易的。根据语境可知此处表示转折，用however表示“然而”。注意句首单词首字母应大写。故填However。
5. on　【解析】句意：他们________山顶收集数据。此处用介词短语on the top of表示“在山的顶部”。故填on。
6. their　【解析】句意：他们不得不睡在________帐篷里来保暖。名词tents前面用形容词，此处根据they可知用形容词性物主代词their表示“他们的帐篷”。故填their。
7. seldom　【解析】句意：为了节省淡水，爬山的人________洗澡或洗脸。根据“To save fresh water”可知，为了节省水，他们很少洗澡和洗脸，用频度副词seldom。故填seldom。
8. low　【解析】句意：在这么________的温度下保持肉的新鲜是很容易的。根据前文“The temperature there is －29℃”可知温度很低，用形容词low作定语。故填low。
9. other　【解析】句意：尽管还有一些________我们不能想象的困难……。此处用some other＋复数名词，表示“一些其他的困难”。故填other。
10. worth　【解析】句意：尽管还有一些________我们不能想象的困难，这座山仍然________被测量。根据“An exact measurement can help to study the plate movement so that scientists can warn people the coming of the earthquakes.”可知这座山值得被测量，用be worth doing表示“值得做某事”。故填worth。
专项训练二　适当形式＋盲填
话题1　人物经历
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在车站见到了感人的一幕：一个年轻的妇女把一个三明治放在了一个正在睡觉的无家可归的男人包里，这让作者想到了很多自己被帮助的时刻。即使是最小的事情也会产生巨大的影响。
1. quickly　【解析】句意：毕竟，这是一个人们没有耐心地快步从一头走到另一头去找自己坐的火车的地方。分析句子结构，空处需填副词修饰动词，故填quickly。
2. on　【解析】句意：然而，就在那里，________一个寒冷的星期五的早晨，我看到一些让我感动的事情。在一天的早中晚，应用介词on，故填on。
3. was walking　【解析】句意：当我走到火车站大厅时……本句为While引导的时间状语从句，根据主句时态可知，从句应用过去的某种时态，结合句意可知此处表示当我正迈入大厅的时候，应用过去进行时，主语为I，故填was walking。
4. a　【解析】句意：……我看到一个年轻的妇女把一些东西放在了________正在睡觉的无家可归的男人身旁。根据句意可知此处表示“一个正在睡觉的无家可归的男人”，表示泛指，应用不定冠词。sleeping是以辅音音素开头的，故填a。
5. whether/if　【解析】句意：我好奇________她放了一些钱在那里。根据句意可知此处表示我好奇她是否放了一些钱在无家可归的男人身旁， whether/if符合语境，故填 whether/if。
6. lying　【解析】句意：相反，男人的包里放着一个三明治。分析句子结构，空处需填现在分词作后置定语，故填lying。
7. was helped　【解析】句意：我情不自禁地想起很多我被其他人帮助的时候。根据句意及空后的by可知空处应用被动语态，且时态为一般过去时，主语为I，故填was helped。
8. kindness　【解析】句意：我也想起了每天都会发生并被忽略的所有其他的小善举。分析句子结构，介词of后跟名词，故填kindness。
9. difference　【解析】句意：甚至最小的事情都会产生大作用。make a difference起作用，有影响，为固定搭配。故填difference。
10. moving　【解析】句意：当你看到一些感人的时刻，那是一份礼物。分析句子结构，空处需填形容词作定语修饰名词moments，表示“令人感动的”，故填moving。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者教会爷爷在网上下棋的暖心故事。
1. came　【解析】句意：上周他来加拿大看我们。分析句子结构可知缺少谓语动词。由时间状语Last week可知，用一般过去时。故填came。
2. him　【解析】句意：当他发现没人陪他玩象棋的时候，他很失望。分析句子结构可知此处缺少play with的宾语，应用he的宾格。故填him。
3. quietly　【解析】句意：有一天我放学回家后，发现爷爷安静地坐在椅子上，无事可做。分析句子结构可知缺少副词修饰动词sitting。故填quietly。
4. for　【解析】句意：“爷爷，有人正在等你下象棋呢。”我走过去对他说。wait for是固定短语，意为“等待”。故填for。
5. the　【解析】句意：我把他带到我房间的电脑前……分析句子结构可知，此处特指“我书房的电脑”，需用定冠词。故填the。
6. to play　【解析】句意：接着我教他如何上网、如何在网上下棋。分析句子结构可知，此处how to play和前面的how to use the Internet并列。故填to play。
7. How　【解析】句意：“(网上下棋)好有趣呀！真是精彩极了！”他激动地喊道。分析句子结构可知此处是感叹句，应用结构：How＋adj.＋主语＋谓语。句首单词首字母大写，故填How。
8. friends　【解析】句意： 现在他在网上下棋的技艺很高超，与此同时也交了很多朋友。根据修饰词a lot of可知用名词复数形式。故填friends。
9. happier　【解析】句意：爷爷比以往更开心了。根据句中的than before可知，用形容词比较级。故填happier。
10. that　【解析】句意： 我相信那些我们在网上一起下棋的时光很美好，我们都不会忘记的。分析句子结构可知此处考查的是so...that...引导的结果状语从句。 故填that。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在大学时对学医很感兴趣。去年暑假去非洲一家医院工作的经历，让作者更加坚定学医的志向。在那里，人们虽然生活得很贫苦，但是他们的生活态度很积极乐观。文章告诉我们，即使身处困境也应保持积极乐观的态度，同时应该勇敢地追求自己的理想。
1. interested　【解析】句意：大学还剩一年了，我在学校时对于学医很感兴趣。根据语境可知，作者对学医感兴趣。be interested in对……感兴趣，为固定短语。故填interested。
2. was introduced　【解析】句意：我被介绍到一个截然不同的世界里。根据语境可知，I与introduce之间为动宾关系，故应用被动语态，且本句动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填was introduced。
3. families　【解析】句意：那里的许多家庭是如此的贫穷，他们的生活是如此的困难，这让我感到十分震惊。根据空格前many可知，此处应用可数名词复数。故填families。
4. their　【解析】句意：但是，对于人们是如何积极地度过他们的日常生活，我也感到十分惊讶。分析句子结构可知，空格处需填人称代词作定语，根据空格后的daily lives可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
5. how　【解析】句意：我认为我们很多人并没有意识到我们是________幸运。分析句子结构可知，此处需填引导词引导宾语从句，作动词realize的宾语，且引导词修饰形容词lucky，表示多么幸运，应用连接副词how。故填how。
6. also　【解析】句意：我不仅花了很多时间清理地板，我也花费了一些时间照顾病人。not only...but also...，不但……而且……为固定搭配。故填also。
7. to talk　【解析】句意：并且我得到了机会去和一些医生交谈，并且询问他们关于他们工作的事情。get the chance to do sth.有机会做某事，为固定短语。故此处需填动词不定式。故填to talk。
8. but　【解析】句意：在医院我看到一些十分糟糕的事情，________它们都不能改变我成为一名医生的想法。分析句子结构可知，此处需用连词连接两个句子。结合句意可知，在医院我看到一些糟糕的事情，但是他们并不能改变我的主意，所以两分句之间是转折关系。故填but。
9. In　【解析】句意：________，它只会让我更加有决心去从事医学。in fact，事实上，为固定短语。单词位于句首，首字母应大写。故填In。
10. what　【解析】句意：当我结束在非洲的工作时，我知道我将要做________。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，作动词know的宾语。并且宾语从句引导词作从句的宾语。结合句意可知，此处指我知道我将要做什么，应用连接代词what。故填what。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者的哥哥在上大学离家之前和作者之间发生的事。哥哥在即将离开时，把作者喊到了屋里，告诉他以后要帮妈妈做更多的事，作者仔细地思考哥哥的话，明白了家庭、爱和责任，懂得了作为一个男人的责任。
1. our　【解析】句意：他很明智，总是乐于助人，照顾我和我们的妹妹，萨玛。分析句子结构可知此处缺少定语，根据句意并结合所提供词汇可知，用其形容词性物主代词，故填our。
2. was taught　【解析】句意：当他离开家去上大学的那天，他教会我作为一个男人的重要性。分析句子结构可知此处缺少谓语动词，根据句子的主语是I，并结合所提供词汇可知，此处用被动语态，表示作者被教导，由文章内容可知用一般过去时。故填was taught。
3. rainy　【解析】句意：那是八月的一个星期六的早晨，下着雨。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词作定语，根据句意并结合所提供词汇可知，用其形容词形式，故填rainy。
4. a　【解析】句意：在厨房里，有一个给克劳迪奥的惊喜——他最喜欢的薄煎饼。分析句子结构可知此处缺少不定冠词，表示泛指，surprise是以辅音音素开头的，故填a。
5. to sit　【解析】句意：妈妈对我们笑了笑，告诉我们坐下来吃早餐。根据tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人做某事，可知此处用动词不定式作宾语补足语，故填to sit。
6. were eating　【解析】句意：我们吃早饭的时候，克劳迪奥上楼去收拾他的东西。分析句子结构可知此处缺少谓语动词，根据句子中的while并结合所提供词汇，可知用过去进行时，故填were eating。
7. into　【解析】句意：当我走进我们共同的房间时，我发现克劳迪奥坐在我的床边。walk into走进，固定短语。故填into。
8. but　【解析】句意：但是事实上，他告诉我，从那时起，我应该在家庭中扮演更重要的角色。分析句子结构可知此处缺少连词，根据句意可知空白处前后是转折关系，故填but。
9. more　【解析】句意：他说他走后，我应该比以前为妈妈做更多的事。由句中的than可知，此处用形容词的比较级形式，故填more。
10. carefully　【解析】句意：我仔细地思考他的话，然后明白了一切。分析句子结构可知此处缺少副词修饰think about，根据句意并结合所提供词汇，可知用其副词形式，故填carefully。
话题2　说明介绍
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是威尼斯的交通。
1. beautiful　【解析】句意：威尼斯被认为是世界上最________城市之一。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词作定语。one of the ＋形容词最高级，最……之一，为固定搭配。此处指的是威尼斯是世界上最美丽的城市之一。故填beautiful。
2. islands　【解析】句意：这座城市由大约100座________，150条运河，400座桥组成。由空白处前面的数词100可知，此处用可数名词复数形式，表示100座小岛。故填islands。
3. are　【解析】句意：城市里没有路，所以没有汽车。分析句子结构可知该句是there be 结构，根据no roads可知应用be的复数形式，由后面的“so there are no cars”，可知此处应用一般现在时。故填are。
4. on　【解析】句意：唯一的交通方式是水运和________。on foot步行，固定搭配。故填on。
5. and　【解析】句意：在城市的边缘有公路、火车站________机场。分析句子结构可知此处缺少连词，根据句意可知此处和前面的“roads, a train station”是并列关系。故填and。
6. mainly　【解析】句意：平底船现在还在使用，尽管________被是游客(使用)。分析句子结构可知此处缺少副词作状语，根据句意可知此处表示大多数都是游客在使用。故填mainly。
7. sixteenth　【解析】句意：威尼斯的平底船被漆成黑色——这是________世纪通过的一项法律。分析句子结构可知此处缺少定语，根据句意可知此处指的是十六世纪，用其序数词形式。故填sixteenth。
8. called　【解析】句意：威尼斯有世界上最著名的桥之一，________里亚托桥，建于1591年。分析句子结构可知此处缺少定语，根据语境可知，用其过去分词形式，表示被叫作……。故填called。
9. America　【解析】句意：委内瑞拉，南________的一个国家……分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词，根据句意及所提供词汇可知，用其名词形式，指的是南美洲。故填America。
10. them　【解析】句意：这是因为早期到委内瑞拉的欧洲游客第一次见到了当地人，他们住在水上建筑的房子里，让________想起了威尼斯。分析句子结构可知此处缺少宾语。remind sb. of sth.使某人想起……，为固定搭配，此处用they的宾格形式作remind的宾语，指代游客们。故填them。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一年四季的西湖景观。
1. leaves　【解析】句意：在春天，绿色的叶子和花儿使得西湖更美了。leaf为可数名词，且其前无表示单数的限定词，需用复数形式。故填leaves。
2. June　【解析】句意：夏天(从________到八月)是莲花的季节。根据常识及语境可知此处指“从六月到八月”。注意月份首字母需大写。故填June。
3. most　【解析】句意：曲院风荷是西湖________著名的景点之一。one of＋the ＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数，表示“最……之一”，为固定用法，此处的“famous”为双音节词，其最高级为“the most famous”。故填most。
4. western　【解析】句意：它是湖西岸的区域。名词之前应为形容词作定语，需变west为其形容词形式。故填western。
5. are　【解析】句意：每年夏天，有成百上千种漂亮的荷花……。there be句型遵循“就近原则”，根据空后的“hundreds of kinds of beautiful lotuses”可知此处为复数。故填are。
6. that/which　【解析】句意：每年夏天，那儿有成百上千种漂亮的莲花被来自国内外的数百万游客欣赏。定语从句中缺主语，表示“荷花”，先行词为荷花，表示物，此处可用which或that来表示。故填that/which。
7. walking　【解析】句意：在秋天，宜人的天气正好适合散步或湖上划船。介词之后应用动词的动名词形式，故填walking。
8. full　【解析】句意：西湖也是中秋节赏天空中________月的一个受欢迎的地方。定冠词和名词之间应用形容词来修饰名词，结合语境可知此处指“中秋节赏满月”。故填full。
9. only　【解析】句意：这座桥出名不只是因为它的雪景，也是因为它的浪漫故事。not only...but also...不但……而且……为固定用法。故填only。
10. lover　【解析】句意：在这座断桥上，白素贞第一次见到了她的爱人许仙。形容词性物主代词之后应用名词，需变动词为名词形式。故填lover。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是美国孩子们的十六岁成年晚会。
1. sixteenth　【解析】由空白处前面的定冠词the可知，此处填序数词，表示“第16个”生日。故填sixteenth。
2. important　【解析】根据空后celebrations可知，此处应填形容词形式，表示“重要的”。故填important。
3. because　【解析】空后解释十六岁生日重要的原因。故填because。
4. wears　【解析】主语是everyone，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填wears。
5. are held　【解析】分析句子结构可知，主语parties与谓语动词hold之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态。主语是复数名词parties，所以系动词用are。故填are held。
6. to　【解析】give sth. to sb.给某人某物，为固定用法。故填to。
7. themselves　【解析】enjoy oneself玩得高兴，为固定短语。故填themselves。
8. families　【解析】根据谓语动词celebrate可知，此处表示“家人”，应用复数形式。故填families。
9. an　【解析】分析句子结构可知此处缺少冠词。根据语境可知此处泛指“一场有趣的电影”，且空后单词interesting是以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。
10. to celebrate　【解析】plan to do sth.计划做某事，为固定搭配。故填to celebrate。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了父亲节的时间、目的、由来以及庆祝父亲节的意义。
1. celebrates　【解析】分析句子结构可知此处缺谓语动词，由and前的时态可知此处为一般现在时，且主语为It，谓语动词应填单三形式，故填celebrates。
2. as　【解析】句意：父亲对一个孩子来说就像母亲________重要。as...as...和……一样……，为固定用法。故填as。
3. strongest　【解析】句意：……对儿子来说，父亲就是一个偶像，是他们生活中________男人。根据句意以及空前的the可知此处应填形容词的最高级形式，故填strongest。
4. was given　【解析】由句末时间状语可知时态为一般过去时态，句子的主语和谓语动词之间存在动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填was given。
5. when/while　【解析】句意：他的妻子在生他们的第六个孩子________去世了。根据句意可知，此处表达“当……时”，故填when/while。
6. to raise　【解析】句意：Smart先生被留下独自________新生儿和其他的五个孩子。此处应填不定式形式作结果状语，故填to raise。
7. on　【解析】具体的日期前应用介词on。故填on。
8. it　【解析】句意：1972年，当时的美国总统尼克松将________确立为一个国家节日。此处指代前文的“Father's Day”，故填it。
9. has spread　【解析】由时间状语over the years可知时态为现在完成时，故填has spread。
10. society　【解析】分析句子结构可知此处和children并列作宾语，应填名词形式，故填society。
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。通过一个小故事介绍了披萨的发明历史，同时介绍了披萨的现状。
1. ago　【解析】分析句子结构可知此处缺少副词，由句中的history可知，此处指的是150年前，故填ago。
2. of　【解析】get tired of对……感到厌倦，为固定搭配。故填of。
3. quickly　【解析】分析句子结构可知此处缺少副词作状语。故填quickly。
4. national　【解析】分析句子结构可知此处缺少定语，应该用其形容词形式。故填national。
5. himself　【解析】句意：披萨一出炉，他就________把它送给了女王。根据句意及所提供词汇可知，此处应该用其反身代词形式作同位语，指的是他自己给女王送去。故填himself。
6. best　【解析】由句中的one of the...可知此处应该用形容词的最高级形式。故填best。
7. to take　【解析】promise后接动词不定式作宾语。故填to take。
8. stores　【解析】由句中的all可知此处应该用可数名词的复数形式。故填stores。
9. are cooked　【解析】分析句子结构可知主语pizzas与谓语动词cook之间为动宾关系，应该用被动语态。故填are cooked。
10. and　【解析】句意：去商店，支付6美元，你就可以得到一个新鲜的披萨，无需等待。分析句子结构可知此处缺少连词，根据句意可知此处表示顺承关系。故填and。
话题3　教育故事
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了快乐先生和漂亮小姐见面交谈的内容。快乐先生觉得自己头发少，摘掉帽子会让自己看起来丑陋，所以不轻易在人前摘掉帽子，但是漂亮小姐告诉他人们喜欢他是因为他阳光般的笑容而不是他的外貌。文章告诉我们：内心美才是真的美，外貌并不总是那么重要。
1. men　【解析】根据one of可知此处应填可数名词复数，表示“……之一”。故填men。
2. brighter　【解析】根据than可知此处应填形容词比较级。故填brighter。
3. for　【解析】结合语境并分析句子结构可知此处考查固定短语go out for a walk外出散步。故填for。
4. angrily　【解析】分析句子结构可知此处应填副词修饰动词looked。故填angrily。
5. when/as/if　【解析】分析句子结构可知此处应填连词，结合语境可知此处表示当你遇见或者如果你遇见一位女士时，故应用引导时间状语从句或者条件状语从句的连词。故填when/as/if。
6. the　【解析】分析句子结构可知此处应填定冠词the修饰序数词first。故填the。
7. my　【解析】分析句子结构可知此处应填形容词性物主代词修饰名词hat。故填my。
8. to keep　【解析】promise to do sth. 承诺做某事，为固定用法，故此处应填动词不定式。故填to keep。
9. lifted　【解析】结合上下文语境及后文中的had可知，此处为一般过去时，表示发生在过去的事情。故填lifted。
10. is loved　【解析】分析句子结构可知主语smile和动词love之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态，结合后句中的have可知此处为一般现在时，且主语smile为单数，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填is loved。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文一篇记叙文。当玛格丽特老师知道她的自行车被偷后，很生气。因为这辆自行车对她很有意义。她给小偷写了一个留言条，令人意外的是小偷归还了她的自行车还给她写了一封道歉信，玛格丽特最后原谅了那个小偷。她认为人们做错事后勇于承认错误是最重要的。
1. was stolen　【解析】根据时间状语可知用一般过去时，it作主语，与谓语动词steal是动宾关系，因此用被动语态。故填was stolen。
2. an　【解析】分析语境可知此处泛指“一辆相当旧的自行车”，且old以元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an。
3. the most valuable　【解析】“she'd ever received”是定语从句修饰gift，表示一个比较的范围，因此用最高级，valuable是多音节词，最高级用the most构成。故填the most valuable。
4. to write　【解析】decide to do sth.决定做某事，固定搭配。故填to write。
5. found　【解析】根据前文叙述都是过去的事情，因此用一般过去时，故填found。
6. completely　【解析】分析句子结构可知，wrong是形容词，应用副词修饰。故填completely。
7. my　【解析】apology是名词，名词前用形容词性物主代词，I是主格，形容词物主代词是my。故填my。
8. because　【解析】分析语境可知前后分句之间是因果关系。故填连词because。
9. for　【解析】thank sb. for sth.感谢某人做了某事，为固定搭配。故填for。
10. mistakes　【解析】make mistakes犯错误，为固定短语。故填mistakes。
话题4　人物故事
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述主人公大卫在一次夏令营中上写作课的经历以及他之后成功出版了一本关于自己的故事的书，并成为了一名受欢迎的年轻作家的故事。
1. hobbies　【解析】one of＋可数名词复数，表示“……之一”，为固定用法。故填hobbies。
2. spent　【解析】根据时间标志词“During the summer of 2010”可知此处时态为一般过去时，应用过去式形式。故填spent。
3. class　【解析】根据空前的不定冠词“a”可知此处要用单数。故填class。
4. talk　【解析】ask sb. to do sth.让某人做某事，为固定用法。故填talk。
5. us　【解析】动词后人称代词要用宾格。故填us。
6. the　【解析】结合语境可知此处指“一位16岁男孩的生活”，表特指，要用定冠词。故填the。
7. successfully　【解析】分析句子结构可知空格处应填副词修饰动词短语came out。故填successfully。
8. as　【解析】as a result结果，为固定搭配。故填as。
9. but　【解析】句意：写作给大卫带来了喜悦和成功，________它不是他的唯一爱好。结合语境可知此处表转折。故填but。
10. playing　【解析】like doing sth.喜欢做某事，为固定用法。故填playing。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Beth Jones从小对打鼓的热爱以及成名的经历和感受。
1. heavily　【解析】修饰动词snowing用副词，snow heavily下大雪。故填heavily。
2. the most interesting　【解析】由句首的“Of all...”可知此处应用形容词最高级，故填the most interesting。
3. them　【解析】由空前的hit可知应用人称代词宾格作宾语，故填them。
4. gets　【解析】此处所填与has并列作谓语，所以用动词单三形式，故填gets。
5. a　【解析】分析句子结构可知此处缺少不定冠词，drum以辅音音素开头，故填a。
6. from/ after　【解析】根据语境可知此处是指“放学后”，分析句子结构可知此处填介词，come home from/after school 意为“放学回家”，为固定结构，故填from/after。
7. adults　【解析】由空前的many可知用名词复数，故填adults。
8. and　【解析】分析前后句关系可知此处应用表示顺承关系的连词，故填and。
9. being　【解析】enjoy doing sth.意为“享受做某事”，为固定用法。故填being。
10. to have　【解析】want sb. to do sth.意为“想让某人做某事”，为固定用法，故填to have。
话题5　科普知识
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在炎热的天气以及人们疲惫的时候为什么要喝水，并说明了口渴时要喝水而不是饮料。
1. the　【解析】分析语境可知，此处特指累的这种感觉。用定冠词。故填the。
2. better　【解析】空前的much修饰比较级。故填better。
3. really　【解析】此处修饰形容词simple，所以用副词。故填really。
4. After　【解析】空后是两个句子，所以要用连词进行连接。根据语境以及逻辑推断可知，应该是喝完水后，身体就不缺水了，大脑的提示自然就停了。故填After。注意句首单词首字母大写。
5. have drunk　【解析】根据before可知此处应该用现在完成时。宾语从句主语为we, 所以用助动词have。故填have drunk。
6. feeling　【解析】stop doing sth.停止正在做的事，为固定用法，符合此处语境。故填feeling。
7. for　【解析】be good for对……有好处，为固定搭配。故填for。
8. opinions　【解析】根据doctors'及are可知应该用名词复数。故填opinions。
9. us　【解析】此处作动词advise的宾语，所以用宾格形式。故填us。
10. different　【解析】此处作定语修饰名词needs，所以填形容词。故填different。
专项训练三　首字母提示填空
话题1　人物经历
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是柏杨·史莱特看到海上的垃圾受到启发，立下一个目标：清理全世界的海洋垃圾。他努力朝着自己的目标奋斗，并被誉为“地球卫士”，他的发明也获得了多个奖项。
1. animals　【解析】句意：这是一个可能有利于全世界的人和________的目标。根据第三段最后一句“So he made it a personal goal to clean up the rubbish in the world's oceans.”可知，他的目标是清理海洋垃圾，结合所给首字母a可推断，此处表达的是：这不仅有益于人类也有益于动物，animal动物，需用名词复数表示泛指，故填animals。
2. meet　【解析】句意：令人惊讶的是，他好像要________他的目标了。根据上文说到他有一个目标以及“Amazingly”可推断，这里要表达的是要实现这个目标了，meet one's goal实现某人的目标，为固定短语，故填meet。
3. pushed　【解析】句意：……他开始思考所有被水________到海滩上的垃圾。根据句意和常识可知，这里指的是垃圾被水冲到海滩上，结合所给的首字母p可联想到，具有该意思的单词是push；本句是一般现在时的被动语态，所以push要变成过去分词pushed，故填pushed。
4. centuries　【解析】句意：它需要花________才能分解。根据句型“It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.”可知，空处填的是表示时间的词；结合常识可知，有些塑料垃圾需要几百年才可能被分解，空处缺少的信息是：几百年；根据首字母提示，符合词意的单词是century百年，因为是概数，需要用复数表泛指，故填centuries。
5. present　【解析】句意：海洋的________状况很不好，令人非常担心，于是史莱特想做点什么来改变它。根据上文“Unfortunately, plastic doesn't just disappear...”可知，这里讲的是海洋的现状很糟糕，很令人担忧，空处缺少的信息是：现在的，当前的；根据首字母提示，符合词意的单词是present，故填present。
6. machine　【解析】句意：史莱特开始有一个想法，用一个不寻常的________利用海洋的天然能源来“抓住”飘在水里的垃圾。根据下一段第一句中“working on the invention”和本句中“catch”可知，这里指的是可以抓垃圾的发明，结合常识和首字母可知，这里应该是机器machine；根据空前的“an”可知，此处用单数，故填machine。
7. received　【解析】句意：很快，这个项目________大量的关注。根据句意可知，这里指的是受到了许多人的关注，结合首字母，符合词意的单词是receive，因为这里讲的是过去的事情，所以用过去式received，故填received。
8. donate　【解析】句意：史莱特需要钱来做这个，所以他开始号召人们在网上为他的项目________，并筹集了200多万美元！根据后半句中“raised over $ 2 million”可知，空格处指的是募捐，结合首字母，符合词意的单词是donate, 又因ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事，为固定用法，故填donate。
9. valuable　【解析】句意：不久之后，史莱特因其有意义且________工作被联合国任命为“地球卫士”。根据“Champion of the Earth”可知，能授予这个称号，一定是这个发明是有意义的、有价值的，空处应该是有价值的，符合词意的单词是valuable，故填valuable。
10. dream　【解析】句意：但是这个________仍在继续。根据上文可知，他已经受到肯定并获得了许多奖项，空前有转折连词“But”，结合最后一句“He hopes that the oceans will be free of plastic in about twenty or thirty years.”可知，他的梦想仍在继续，dream梦想，根据“goes on”可知，此处用单数，故填dream。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了我离开自己的国家去别的国家生活，后来因为父亲的去世又回到祖国，在祖国的帮助下，我的事业开始起步。我很感谢我的祖国。文章表达了作者对家乡浓浓的爱。
1. wondered　【解析】句意：我们________我们是否应该搬回到我们的国家巴西。根据句意可知此处指想知道，本文时态是一般过去时，故填wondered。
2. missed　【解析】句意：我妻子也________我们的家乡。根据第一段第二句中“we should move back to our home country”可知此处指我妻子也思念我们的家乡。故填missed。
3. easier　【解析】句意：作为音乐家，对她来说在巴西工作________。根据后句“But in the United Kingdom, I had the funding and lab resources for my research.”可推知前句是说在巴西工作对妻子来说更有利一些，再结合首字母可知填easier。
4. sadness　【解析】句意：我对儿子出生的喜悦心情忽然被深深的________取代了。根据前一句中“our father had passed away”可知此处指悲伤，故填sadness。
5. return　【解析】句意：我们毫不怀疑地认为它是________巴西的最佳时候了。根据句意可知是回到巴西，the right time to do sth.做某事的最佳时候，故填return。
6. both　【解析】句意：我们在家乡的一所大学申请了教授职位并且________收到了入职通知书。此处指我们两个都收到了录用通知，表示两者都，故填both。
7. However　【解析】句意：________，在巴西开始我的研究不是一件容易的事。根据句意可知however符合语境，注意句首单词首字母应大写。故填However。
8. afford　【解析】句意：现在，多亏了巴西的基金，我有了一群有思维的年轻科学家，并且________昂贵的实验室资源。根据句意可知多亏了巴西的基金，我才有能力承担昂贵的实验室费用。故填afford。
9. culture　【解析】句意：……在祖国生活让我感到离自己的家人和________更近了。分析语境并结合首字母可知此处指自己国家的文化，故填culture。
10. abroad　【解析】句意：我参加了巴西柔术训练，在________的那些年我没办法做到。文章第二段中作者有提到在英国时非常想念巴西柔术，故此处应是指在国外时没办法做到。故填abroad。
话题2　咨询建议
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了怎样记英语笔记。首先要买一个至少有100页的横格本，然后写下你遇到的重要词汇，内容要符合你的学习方式和你的需要，最后要经常复习笔记本。如果你能遵循这些方法，你的英语将会取得极大进步。
1. keeping　【解析】句意：________一个英语词汇本对于学习新词来说是不难的。根据上一句“Do you have difficulty learning English words？”可知，此处应表示拥有一个笔记本。分析句子结构可知空格处与空后的名词短语为句子主语。根据首字母提示可知应用动词keep，作句子主语应用动名词。故填keeping。
2. with　【解析】句意：首先买一个至少有100张横格页的笔记本。分析句子结构可知，空格位于名词短语lined pages之前，应用介词。结合句意可知，此处应表示一个有100张横格页的笔记本。根据首字母提示可知表示“有”应用介词with。故填with。
3. Second　【解析】句意：________，写下任何你在读或听时遇到的重要的词汇。根据第四句“First, buy a notebook...”可知，此处应表示罗列关系，译为第二。结合首字母提示，表示“第二”应用序数词second。且空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Second。
4. requires/reminds　【解析】句意：这一步________ 你来决定一个词是否足够重要到让你现在去学习它。分析句子结构可知，空格处作谓语，应用动词。根据上一句“...write down any important words that you come across when reading or listening.” 可知，此处应表示这一步要求或提醒你去决定一个词是否足够重要到让你现在去学习它。结合首字母提示，表示“要求”或“提醒”应用动词require或remind。本句说的是现在的客观情况，应用一般现在时。且本句主语是This step，所以谓语动词应用单三形式。故填requires/reminds。
5. later　【解析】句意：不要认为你________ 会学这个词。分析句子结构可知空格处作状语，应用副词。根据上文“This step 4. r_________you to decide whether a word is important enough for you to learn now.” 可知，此处应表示不要认为你以后会学这个词。结合首字母提示可知，表示 “以后”应用副词later。故填later。
6. what　【解析】句意：下一步有一点困难，因为你需要去决定在笔记本中写下每个词的 ________ 信息。分析句子结构可知空格处引导宾语从句，作动词decide的宾语。结合下文 “Some learners write only a 7. t________of the word. Others write an example phrase using the word.” 可知，此处应表示在笔记本中写下每个词的信息内容。结合首字母提示可知，此处表示“什么”，应用引导词what。故填what。
7. translation　【解析】句意：有些学习者只写下这个词的 ________，有些学习者会写下一个使用这个词的例句。分析句子结构可知空格处作动词write的宾语，且空格前是不定冠词a，所以空格处应用可数名词单数。结合下一句“Others write an example phrase using the word.” 可知，此处应表示有些学习者只写下这个词的翻译，有些学习者会写下一个使用这个词的例句。结合首字母提示可知，表示“翻译”应用名词translation。故填translation。
8. Include　【解析】句意：________ 匹配你的学习方式和你需要的信息。分析句子结构可知，本句是祈使句，所以空格处应用动词原形。根据句意并结合第一段最后一句“The next step is a bit difficult because you need to decide 6. w_________information about each word you will write in the notebook.” 可知，此处应表示包括匹配你的学习方式和你需要的信息。结合首字母提示可知，表示 “包括”应用动词include。且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Include。
9. practice/practise　【解析】句意：最后，你学习你笔记本上的单词最重要的一步是反复________ 这些单词。分析句子结构可知，空格前to是不定式符号，所以空格处应用动词原形。结合下一句“If the pages of your notebook are well organized, you are more likely to review the words and their information over and over.” 可知，此处应表示笔记本上的词需要反复练习。结合首字母提示，表示“练习”应用动词practice或practise。故填practice/practise。
10. follow　【解析】句意：如果你能________ 这些重要的步骤，你就能够极大地提高你的英语。分析句子结构可知，空格处作if从句的谓语，应用动词。结合本文第三句“Here are some easy steps.”可知，本文主要介绍的是做英语笔记的一些步骤。此处表示如果你能遵守这些重要的步骤，你就能够极大地提高你的英语。结合首字母提示可知，表示“遵循”应用动词follow，且本句说的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填follow。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何通过阅读诗歌来改善阅读体验。文章启发我们：阅读可以丰富我们的经历，增加我们的乐趣。
1. enough　【解析】句意：如果我们________幸运，打开书立刻就能找到一篇吸引我们的诗歌。根据句意可知，随手打开一本书就能找到自己喜欢的内容要足够地幸运。故填enough。
2. time　【解析】句意：但是通常我们需要花费一点________和一点努力去真正地理解一首诗歌。根据句意可知，理解诗歌的内涵需要花费时间和努力。故填time。
3. boring　【解析】句意：有时一首初次阅读似乎________诗多读几遍就会变得有趣。根据句意可知，初次阅读这首诗和反复阅读后可能是相反的感觉，此处应表示初次阅读时很无聊。故填boring。
4. later　【解析】句意：有时第一次读一首诗的时候你只是心情不好，但是________它触动了你的心。根据句意可知，初读一首诗时心情欠佳，随后再读感到非常触动。故填later。
5. dictionary　【解析】句意：当你正在阅读诗歌的时候，手里拿一本________。根据后文“Poets like to use unusual words.”可知，诗人喜欢用一些不同寻常的词语来表达，所以要拿一本字典遇到生词可以查。故填dictionary。
6. guess　【解析】句意：去查字典而不是跳过这些单词或者努力去________它们的意思。根据句意可知，此处指猜测。try to do sth.表示“尽力做某事”，此处应填动词原形。故填guess。
7. because　【解析】句意：除此之外，诗人的朗读是非常有帮助的，________从诗人强调和停顿的地方我们可以理解诗歌的意义。根据句意可知，诗歌的抑扬顿挫可以帮助读者体会意境，这里需要一个表示原因的连词。故填because。
8. what　【解析】句意：当你读完一首诗，花点时间去思考它在表达________。根据句意可知，读完诗歌后应该花点时间去回味它表达了什么。故填what。
9. through　【解析】句意：有时________重复阅读可以使它们的意义被更好地理解。根据句意可知，通过重复地阅读可以更好地理解诗中蕴含的意义。故填through。
10. hard　【解析】句意：________说阅读诗歌的方法是否正确，但是阅读训练将会丰富你的经历，增加你的乐趣，并加深你对任何诗歌的理解。根据句意可知，本文介绍的阅读诗歌的方法不一定适合所有人，因此很难说这些方法的对与错，应用“It's hard to say...”句型表示。故填hard。
话题3　观点看法
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过在家里喜欢做的事和在家里帮忙做什么这两点，论述了家为什么是最好的地方。
1. nice　【解析】句意：这是另外一种说回到家________的方法。分析句子结构可知，此处需填形容词。根据语境及首字母提示可知此处表示“这是另外一种说回到家真好的方法”。故填nice。
2. enjoy　【解析】句意：或许你________和你妈妈、爸爸待在一起。分析句子结构可知，此处需填动词。根据前一句“Maybe you like to play with your brothers and sisters.”及首字母提示可知，此处指或许你喜欢和你妈妈、爸爸待在一起。故填enjoy。
3. another　【解析】句意：你的卧室是________让家特别的东西。分析句子结构可知，此处需填形容词或代词。根据上一段最后一句“Spending time with your family is one thing that makes being at home special.”及首字母提示可知，花时间和家人待在一起是让待在家里变得特别的一件事，而你的卧室是另一件让家特别的东西。故填another。
4. bed　【解析】句意：它是你睡在上面很舒服的________吗？分析句子结构可知，此处需填名词。根据本句中“sleep on”及首字母提示可知，此处指它是你睡在上面很舒服的床吗。故填bed。
5. quiet　【解析】句意：或许你喜欢有一个________地方去读书或者去思考你的一天。分析句子结构可知，此处需填形容词。根据空后“to read a book to think about your day”及首字母提示可知，此处指安静的地方。故填quiet。
6. stories　【解析】句意：这是一个分享你的一天中有趣________的时刻。分析句子结构可知，此处需填名词。根据语境及首字母提示可知，此处指分享趣事。story是可数名词，其前无表示单数概念的限定词，此处应用复数形式。故填stories。
7. like　【解析】句意：谁在家做家务________打扫，做饭和庭院劳动？分析句子结构可知，此处需填介词。根据空前“Who does the chores”和空后列举的一些具体家务及首字母提示可知，此处指“例如，像”。故填like。
8. together　【解析】句意：当家人们________做家务，这使家务对每个人来说更简单更有趣。分析句子结构可知，此处需填副词。根据本句中“it makes them easier and more fun for everyone”及首字母提示可知，此处指家人们一起做家务，这使家务更简单，对每个人来说更有趣。故填together。
9. help　【解析】句意：也许你能________摆放或清理餐桌。分析句子结构可知，此处需填动词。根据语境和首字母提示可知，此处应是帮忙摆放餐桌，情态动词后应用动词原形。故填help。
10. when　【解析】句意：思考一下你能做什么，这样________你每天回家，你可以说：“家，温馨的家！”分析句子结构可知，此处需填连词。根据语境和首字母提示可知，此处指当你每天回家的时候。故填when。
话题4　教育故事
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者的妈妈将饼干烤焦了，但是爸爸不但没有怪她反而说烧焦的饼干很好吃，作者意识到：为了得到快乐的生活，一个人应该学会理解。
1. dinner　【解析】句意：一天晚上，在结束了辛苦的工作后她做了一顿________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词，根据句中的“One night”并结合首字母提示可知，dinner填在这里符合语境，指的是妈妈做的晚饭，故填dinner。
2. cookies　【解析】句意：那天晚上，妈妈在爸爸面前放了一盘鸡蛋、香肠和烤焦的________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词，根据下文“Yet my dad just reached for his cookies”并结合首字母提示可知，cookies填在这里符合语境，指的是烤焦的饼干，故填cookies。
3. see　【解析】句意：我在等着________是否有人会说些什么。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词，根据句意并结合首字母提示可知，see填在这里符合语境，指的是作者等着看……，故填see。
4. at　【解析】句意：然而，爸爸只是伸手去拿饼干，对着妈妈微笑，问我今天在学校过得怎么样。分析句子结构可知此处缺少介词，固定短语smile at sb.对着某人微笑，故填at。
5. but　【解析】句意：我不记得那天晚上我告诉了他什么，________我清楚地记得看着他吃每一口饼干！分析句子结构可知此处缺少连词，根据句意可知，空白处前后是转折关系，结合首字母提示可知，but填在这里符合语境，故填but。
6. burning　【解析】句意：……我听到妈妈因为________饼干而向爸爸道歉。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词，根据句意并结合首字母提示可知，burn填在这里符合语境，指的是烤焦了饼干，for为介词，后应接动名词，故填burning。
7. said　【解析】句意：我永远不会忘记他________……分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词，根据下文“Dear, I love the burned cookies.”并结合首字母提示可知，said填在这里符合语境，指的是爸爸所说的话，故填said。
8. asked　【解析】句意：那天晚些时候，我去和爸爸吻别道晚安，我________他是否真的喜欢烤焦的饼干。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词，根据句中的if并结合首字母提示可知，ask填在这里符合语境，指的是作者询问爸爸，根据文章内容可知用一般过去时，故填asked。
9. hard　【解析】句意：你妈妈今天工作________……分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词，根据下文“and she's very tired”并结合首字母提示可知，hard填在这里符合语境，指的是妈妈的工作很辛苦，故填hard。
10. anyone/anybody　【解析】句意：再说，一点烤焦的饼干是不会伤害________的！分析句子结构可知此处缺少宾语，根据句中的never并结合首字母提示可知，anyone/anybody填在这里符合语境，指的是一点烤焦的饼干是不会伤害任何人的，故填anyone/anybody。
11. full　【解析】句意：生活中________了不完美的事物和不完美的人。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词，根据句意并结合首字母提示可知，full填在这里符合语境，固定短语be full of充满，故填full。
12. need　【解析】句意：我们________学会接受彼此的缺点，欣赏彼此的差异。分析句子结构可知此处缺少情态动词，根据句意并结合首字母提示可知，need填在这里符合语境，指的是我们需要学会接受彼此的缺点，欣赏彼此的差异，故填need。
话题5　科普知识
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家经过长时间的观察终于了解了澳大利亚的考拉是如何获得足够的水来生存的。
1. provides　【解析】句意：一项新的研究________一个答案。分析句子结构可知，此空需要填动词，在句中作谓语。结合上文“Scientists have long wondered how Australia's koalas get enough water to live.”可知科学家们一直想知道澳大利亚的考拉是如何获得足够的水来生存的，现在这项新的研究“提供”了答案。provide动词，意为“提供”。结合文章的时态可知此处用一般现在时，主语为“A new study”，动词用单三形式，故填provides。
2. thought　【解析】句意：她解释说，早期人们________这些动物从它们吃的叶子中获得了它们所需的大部分水分。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填动词。It is/was thought...意为“人们认为……”，为固定句型。故填thought。
3. running　【解析】句意：但它们也会从下雨时从树上________的水中获得水分。根据空后“during it rains”可知此空意为下雨时从树上“流下”的水。run动词，流淌。分析句子结构可知，此处用现在分词作后置定语，修饰名词water，故填running。
4. watch　【解析】句意：Mella和其他科学家每年都会在野外________考拉。分析句子结构可知，此空需要填动词，在句中作谓语。根据下文“They find that...”可推知此处指的“观察”。watch动词，意为“观察”。故填watch。
5. awake/active　【解析】句意：他们发现考拉晚上是________。分析句子结构可知，此空可以填形容词在句中作表语。结合常识可知，考拉是夜行动物，他们夜间是“清醒的”或“活跃的”。故填awake/active。
6. normally　【解析】句意：一只成年考拉________每天吃0.5到0.8公斤的树叶。分析句子结构可知，此空可以填副词修饰动词“eats”。结合句意可知，一只成年考拉“通常”每天吃0.5到0.8公斤的树叶。normally副词，意为“通常地，一般地”。故填normally。
7. life　【解析】句意：Mella注意到考拉通常98%的________是在树上度过的。分析句子结构可知，此空可以填名词。结合下文“She also notes that the only time they come down to the ground...”可知，此处指考拉一生中98%的时间都是在树上度过的。故填life。
8. discover　【解析】句意：她还指出，它们唯一下到地面上的时候是________另一棵叶子更好的树的时候。分析句子结构可知，此空需要填动词原形。结合句意可知，“发现”有叶子更好的树时，它们才下来。discover动词，意为“发现”。故填discover。
9. local　【解析】句意：事实上，“koala”这个词在________语言中的意思是“不喝水”。分析句子结构可知，此空可以填形容词修饰名词language。结合句意可知，此处说的是考拉在当地语言中的意思。local形容词，意为“当地的，本地的”。故填local。
10. environment　【解析】句意：由于2019年9月至2020年1月的大火，考拉的生活________变得越来越糟。根据空后“the fires from September 2019 to January 2020 in Australia have burned about 30% of the forests where they live”可知，澳大利亚的森林大火烧毁了大约30%的森林，故考拉的生活“环境”变得越来越糟。environment名词，意为“环境”。故填environment。
专项训练四　盲填
话题1　人物经历
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者为了不让调皮的女儿打扰自己阅读心爱的杂志，把一张地图剪碎让女儿重新拼接在一起，没想到女儿利用地图另一面的一张人脸，很快就拼好了。故事告诉我们：生活中遇到的难题，换个角度可能会另辟蹊径，柳暗花明。
1. was　【解析】句意：我的小女儿在我周围玩耍，使我无法阅读。根据空后的playing可知，此处应用系动词构成进行时态。由上文的“I was reading my favorite magazine”可知，此处应用过去进行时；主语是My little girl，系动词应用was。故填was。
2. to　【解析】句意：为得到一些安宁，我想了个办法让她忙一会儿。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to。
3. a　【解析】句意：我把地图剪成碎片并且全给了她，让她把这些碎片拼在一起成为一张完整的地图。分析句子结构可知，此处应为表示单数的限定词修饰complete map。根据句意可知，此处表泛指，指一张地图。complete为辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
4. in　【解析】句意：但是几分钟内，她站在我面前，小手里拿着一张完美的地图。根据句意可知，此处指她站在我前面。in front of在……前面，为固定搭配。故填in。
5. there　【解析】句意：哦，爸爸，地图的另一面有一张人脸。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处为there be句型。故填there。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍的是八岁的简在参加一个冬令营期间，看到了贫困地区孩子的生活状况，她感到很难过。回家后，她在母亲的帮助下，摆起了第一个柠檬水摊并随后启动了一个名为“简的为爱柠檬水”的项目来帮助那些贫困地区的孩子们。
1. but　【解析】句意：她只有十岁，________她有帮助其他孩子的雄心。分析句子结构可知此处缺少连词，根据空白处前后句意可知是转折关系，故填but。
2. at　【解析】句意：简八岁时参加了一个冬令营。固定短语at the age of在……岁时，故填at。　　
3. wear　【解析】句意：孩子们没有新衣服________，也没有玩具玩，她感到很难过。分析句子结构可知此处是动词不定式作后置定语，根据句中的clothes可知wear符合此处语境，指的是孩子们没有新衣服穿，空前有不定式符号to，此处应填动词原形。故填 wear。
4. what　【解析】句意：回家后，她一直在想要做些________来帮助那些孩子。分析句子结构可知此处缺少与to do 不定式构成宾语的疑问词，根据句意可知what填在这里符合语境，指的是做些什么事情，故填 what。
5. money　【解析】句意：他们想筹集________帮助他们的朋友们。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词作动词raise的宾语。再根据下文“...Jane__7___ up her first lemonade stand(摊档). In a week, it made $52.”可知此处指筹钱，money为不可数名词。故填money。
6. idea　【解析】句意：然后她想出了一个________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词作宾语。根据下文“With the help of her mother, Jane____7____ up her first lemonade stand(摊档)．”可知idea填在这里符合语境，指的是她想出摆柠檬水摊来筹钱的主意。故填idea。
7. set　【解析】句意：在母亲的帮助下，简________自己的第一个柠檬水摊。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词作谓语。根据句意并结合固定短语set up可知，指创建自己第一个柠檬水摊。此处讲述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填set。
8. little　【解析】句意：虽然只有一点钱，她却用这笔钱帮助了12个孩子！分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词修饰名词money，a little“一点儿，少量”符合语境，故填little。　
9. their　【解析】句意：当她看到________脸上的笑容时，她感到非常兴奋。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词性物主代词来修饰faces。根据上文“...she helped 12 kids with it！”可知their符合此处语境，指的是孩子们脸上的笑容。故填their。　
10. more　【解析】句意：到目前为止，她已经筹集了17000多美元！固定短语more than“多于，超过”，故填more。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。最近，路边生意成为了一个热门话题。文章中5个大学生决定体验一下这种地摊生意模式，他们一起去路边摆摊卖菜。通过这次不寻常的经历，他们懂得了生活的不易。
1. by　【解析】句意：上周末，5名大学生决定________一起在路边卖菜，体验一下这种生意模式和校外生活的艰辛。空后selling是动名词形式，结合句意可知，这5名大学生决定通过卖菜这种方式来体验路边生意。by是介词，意为“通过……方式”，符合句意，后面跟名词或动名词形式。故填by。
2. get　【解析】句意：早上，他们必须在3点钟________。根据句中提到的时间“at 3 o'clock”以及空后的“up”可知，这里考查的是get up这一短语，意为“起床”。空前had to意为“不得不，必须”，后面跟动词原形。故填get。
3. kinds　【解析】句意：首先，他们去城市附近的农场买不同________蔬菜。根据常识可知，一个摊位上总是卖很多种蔬菜，因此这里考查的是kind，意为“种类”。空前有different修饰，表示“不同的”，应用名词的复数形式。故填kinds。
4. possible　【解析】句意：然后他们________快地回到城里，占领一个摊位。根据句意和句子结构可知，这里考查的是短语as...as possible，意为“尽可能……”，故填possible。
5. sell　【解析】句意：大约在早上6点半，他们把蔬菜摆放整齐，把更好的放在上面，然后开始________蔬菜。根据第二段第一句“Last weekend, 5 college students decided to taste the trade pattern and difficulties of life outside school __1__selling vegetables on the side of the road together.”可知，这些大学生是在路边卖菜，因此摆放好了之后就开始卖菜了。这里考查sell，意为“卖”。句中使用了begin to do sth.“开始做某事”，因此这里用动词原形。故填sell。
6. away　【解析】句意：当蔬菜没有卖完的时候，他们就把它们都送给无家可归的人。give away捐赠，赠送。根据homeless people可知，这5名大学生非常有爱心，把卖不了的蔬菜送给那些无家可归的人，故填away。
7. later　【解析】句意：两天________，他们挣了大约300元。空前Two days是一段时间，结合句意可知，这里表示“两天后”，考查later，是一个副词，常放在一段时间的后面。故填later。
8. other　【解析】句意：在这段不寻常的经历之后，他们互相分享了自己的感受。根据句意和空前的each可知，这里考查each other，意为“互相，彼此”。故填other。
9. but　【解析】句意：我们很累，________但我们收获很多。根据句意可知，空前的tired与空后gained a lot是转折的关系，因此这里考查的是but，意为“但是”，表示转折。故填but。
10. how　【解析】句意：与闲逛相比，这样的社会实践让我们了解到赚钱是________困难。根据句子结构可知，该空引导了一个宾语从句，作空前learn的宾语；空后difficult是形容词，因此应用how修饰，意为“多么”。故填how。
话题2　咨询建议
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要关于如何克服生活中的负面情绪给我们三条建议：做我们可控的事情；承担有计划的风险；不要害怕失败。
1. ideas　【解析】句意：希望以下建议能帮助忽视那些________并向前走。分析句子结构可知空处需填名词作宾语。结合前文“...some negative (消极的)ideas may stop us.”可知生活中总有一些负面的想法阻拦我们。根据空前的“those”可知此处应填复数。故填ideas。
2. us　【解析】句意：做正确的事情能够帮________取得最大的幸福。根据“One thing we can control is doing what we can...”可知此处指的是帮助我们。help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事，空处需填代词宾格。故填us。
3. right　【解析】句意：另外，它能使我们朝着________方向前进。分析句子结构可知需填形容词作定语。根据前文的“Doing the right things”和语境可知此处指做可控的事情能让我们朝正确方向前进。故填right。
4. without　【解析】句意：________风险，成功就不会到来。分析句子结构可知空处应填介词。结合后文的“We all have to take risks in life...”可知我们在生活中都必须冒险。所以空处指“没有风险，不会成功”。故填without。
5. starting　【解析】句意：比如，你正在从事一份你讨厌的工作，并且你梦想着放弃这份工作而且________你自己的事业。结合语境可知此处指“start one's business创业”，and前后的动词形式一致，空处也应填动名词。故填starting。
6. never　【解析】句意：这是一个如此大的风险，以至于它或许使你以后________想再冒险。根据前文可知没有任何计划，冒然辞职风险很大，此处指或许以后永远都不会再冒险。故填never。
7. failed　【解析】句意：然而，他________很多次。空处缺少谓语动词，结合本段小标题“Don't Be Afraid of Failure”可知此处指爱迪生失败很多次。事情发生在过去，时态为一般过去时。故填failed。
8. closer　【解析】句意：但那些失败使他离成功________一步。根据前文可知人们可能都没听说过爱迪生曾经发明过电钢笔，幽灵机器，因为这些都是失败品。但这些失败使他离成功更进一步，空处表示“更近”。故填closer。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了避免走神的几点做法：锻炼或做些活动、专注于自己的任务、控制焦虑。
1. bad　【解析】句意：这不总是________。分析句子结构可知，空处需填形容词作表语。根据后文“Sometimes a wandering mind can lead to a new creation.”可知有时候，走神可以带来一个新的创造，所以空处指走神不总是坏的，故填bad。
2. from　【解析】句意：然而，走神也能阻止你完成任务……分析句子结构可知，空处需填介词。stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事，为固定用法。故填from。
3. mind　【解析】句意：通过控制呼吸，你使你的________配合身体一起工作。分析句子结构可知，空处需填名词。根据前文“Slow down and let your mind focus(专注)on your breathing.”可知此处指思想。故填mind。
4. nothing　【解析】句意：散步，锻炼，淋浴或躺下想________。分析句子结构可知，空处需填代词或名词。根据前文可知如果你对所做的事情失去兴趣，就休息一下，转移注意力。根据语境可知此处指什么都不要想，故填nothing。
5. quickly　【解析】句意：相反，它使你保持注意力，然后你能够________完成更多。分析句子结构可知，句子结构完整，考虑填副词。根据前文可知一次完成一项任务，这样不会使你缓慢，反而会使你快速完成，故填quickly。
6. When　【解析】句意：________时间到了，重新专注于你的下一个任务。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少连词，此处表示“当……时候”。故填When。注意句首单词首字母需大写。
7. facing　【解析】句意：但是通过勇敢________它，尽力解决它，你会远离这些焦虑。分析句子结构可知，空处需填动词。结合语境可知此处指面对这些艰巨的任务，介词后应接动名词。故填facing。
8. accept　【解析】句意：如果你尝试了一切还不管用，________总是有一些事情你是无法改变的。分析句子结构可知空处需填动词。结合句意可知此处指如果你尝试了一切还没有用时，你得接受总是有一些事情
你是无法改变的。本句为祈使句，空处填动词原形。故填accept。