2022届四川省绵阳市高三上学期第一次诊断性考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2022届四川省绵阳市高三上学期第一次诊断性考试英语试题含解析，共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。

回答听力部分时，先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题并阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A.£ 19.15. B. £ 9.18. C. £ 9.15.
答案：C
1. Hw will the speakers g t the airprt?
A. By taxi. B. By tram. C. By subway.
2. Hw much will the wman be charged?
A. 2 dllars. B. 8 dllars. C. 10 dllars.
3. Where can the wman find the nvels?
A. In sectin A. B. In sectin B. C. In sectin C.
4. What is the man likely t d tnight?
A. Finish the paper. B. G t the cncert. C. Listen t CDs at hme.
5. Hw des the wman feel after talking t Sheldn?
A. Annyed. B. Relieved. C. Grateful.
第二节（共15小题：每小题1. 5分， 满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独自后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独自读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the wman’s favrite sprt t watch?
A. Table tennis. B. Vlleyball. C. Diving.
7. What d the speakers plan t d n Sunday?
A. G the cinema. B. Watch the game. C. Play table tennis.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What’s the pssible relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Clleagues. C. Strangers.
9 What des Betty plan t d first after finishing high schl?
A. Study medicine. B. Learn cking. C. Open a restaurant.
10. What will the man d in the summer hlidays?
A. G t cllege. B. Wrk part-time. C. Travel arund China.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11. What is the wman trying t understand?
A. Rules f waste srting.
B. Benefits f waste srting.
C. Technlgies f waste srting.
12. Which bx d plastics g int?
A. The red ne. B. The green ne. C. The blue ne.
13. Hw des the wman feel abut the waste srting?
A. Impressed. B. Interested. C. Wrried.
14. What will happen if the wman fails t srt the garbage?
A. She will get used t it.
B. She has t pay fr her mistakes.
C. She will thrw everything all tgether.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15.Where are the speakers?
A. In the gym. B. In the street. C. In the restaurant.
16.What des the man eat fr lunch?
A. Prridge. B. Vegetables. C. Steaks.
17. Why did the man get fatter?
A. He slept t much.
B. He never had breakfast.
C. He ate in an unhealthy way.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18.What des the speaker say abut being alne?
A. Being alne is hrrible and dangerus.
B. Being alne leads t the feeling f lneliness.
C. Being alne nce in a while is quite beneficial.
19.What des the speaker suggest t reduce the feeling f lneliness?
A. Ding smething active as yu please.
B. Buying smething fancy and expensive.
C Ging ut and be with as many peple as pssible.
20.What des the speaker mainly talk abut?
A. Harm f lneliness.
B. Imprtance f being alne.
C. An experience f being alne.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和 D）中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Wrld Awareness Children’s Museum
Plan Yur Trip
We’re s glad yu’re cming t visit, wherever yu are frm! On-street parking is available fr FREE n bth sides f Warren St.
The Wrld Awareness Children’s Museum is aimed t prvide a safe and secure envirnment. Fr the prtectin f ur visitrs and their families, all children must be accmpanied by an adult at least 18 years f age r lder, and all adults shuld be accmpanied by a child under the age f 18 years. Unaccmpanied adults will be asked t present their ID during their visit. Thank yu fr yur understanding.
Museum Clsures
The Museum will be clsed n the fllwing dates t bserve hlidays r ther events: Easter, Memrial Day, Independence Day, Thanksgiving, Christmas Eve, Christmas Day, New Year's Eve & New Year’s Day.
Cme n! Yu can take a trip arund the wrld withut leaving the Museum! Experience music, fashin, tys, art, games and mre frm cuntries like China, Nigeria, Brazil & Japan!
Schl Year Hurs
Saturdays: 9:30 p.m.
Sundays: Nn---5 p.m.
Mnday t Friday: 10 p.m.
Daily Admissin Rates
$5.00---Adults and children 3 and lder
Children under 3 are free
Military Discunt available 10%
Free Admissin fr Museum Members
Nte:
Open t grup turs r educatinal prgrams all year rund (reservatins required).
Already Reserved? Lg In Here and Learn Mre!
Fr mre infrmatin, click the Flash Presentatin abut ur Museum(8.23MB).
1. What if an adult desires t visit the museum alne?
A. He will be prtected.B. Extra mney shuld be paid.
C. His ID has t be checked.D. He wn’t be permitted t enter.
2. When can yu visit the museum during the Schl Year?
A. 9 a.m. n Saturday.B. 2 p.m. n Sunday.
C. 9:30 a.m. n Tuesday.D. 8:30 a.m. n Mnday.
3. Where can the text be mst prbably fund?
A. In a travel brchure.B. On a TV prgram.
C. In an art magazine.D. On a web page.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。介绍了世界儿童意识博物馆的参观事宜。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Plan Yur Trip下列第二段中“Unaccmpanied adults will be asked t present their ID during their visit. (无人陪伴的成年人在访问期间将被要求出示身份证。)”可知，如果一个成年人想独自参观博物馆，必须检查他的身份证。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Schl Year Hurs下列“Saturdays: 9:30 p.m. /Sundays: Nn---5 p.m. /Mnday t Friday: 10 p.m. (星期六：上午9:30——下午5时、星期日：中午——下午5点、星期一至星期五：上午10时——下午3时)”，结合选项，可以推算出，在学年期间，可以在周日下午2点参观博物馆。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段小标题Already Reserved? Lg In Here and Learn Mre!(已经预订了吗？登录这里并了解更多！)以及其下列内容“Fr mre infrmatin, click the Flash Presentatin abut ur Museum(8.23MB). {如需更多资料，请单击有关本馆的Flash演示文稿(8.23MB)。}”可以推知，本文能在网页上找到。故选D项。
B
Last night my husband and I were taking a pst-dinner walk in a nearby parking lt, where we saw a man bending ver n the grund, crushing smething with a rck. He was cmpletely fcused n his task and didn't lk up at anyne passing by. We kept nticing him as we hung arund the parking lt and guessed what he culd be ding. I thught he was crushing stnes t make sand, but why wuld he d that?
Finally we decided t g up and speak t him. He was crushing pieces f leftver bread that he cllected frm all his rmmates t feed the birds that cme there early mrning. The large pieces f Indian bread wuld be difficult fr the birds t eat, s he crushes them int a fine pwder.
He's been ding this every night, by himself, fr the last 3~4 years. What mved us mre was that he was surprised when we were even taking an interest in this, since fr him it wasn't a big deal. Every night, after reaching his bachelr accmmdatin frm his jb as a tailr, he ges arund the village cllecting leftver bread frm all his husemates. He then eats a quick meal and cmes here, and spends the next 1~2 hurs, thrughly crushing each piece and makes a neat pile fr the birds, which will be gne by next evening.
When we asked him what mtivates him t d this simple, small but cmmitted act f service, he shrugged his shulders and said, "It's just smething small I d; s that the leftver bread desn't g int the trash and the birds get fd." We shared his stry with the hpe that it reminds us t be mindful f leftvers t and perhaps it might inspire smene t start smething similar in their wn area.
4. Why did the cuple decide t have a clser lk?
A. T satisfy their wn curisity.B. T shw their lve fr wild life.
C. T ffer help t the great cause.D. T prepare fd fr birds.
5. What des the underlined wrd "crushes" prbably mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Paints.B. Bils.C. Cks.D. Breaks.
6. What's the main purpse f the authr sharing the stry in the text?
A. T ask thers t cllect leftver bread.
B. T inspire thers t crush leftver bread.
C. T remind thers t make use f leftver bread.
D. T mtivate thers t make a difference t the wrld.
7. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Meeting an Everyday Her.B. Ding a Small Thing.
C. Treating Birds Well.D. Crushing Leftver Bread.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和丈夫在晚饭后散步时，看到一个人在用石头压碎一些面包。作者了解后得知他是在给早上来这里的小鸟准备食物。作者和丈夫备受鼓舞，同时鼓励人们也做善举。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段“I thught he was crushing stnes t make sand, but why wuld he d that?”(我以为他是在碾碎石头来制造沙子，但他为什么要这么做？)可知，作者很好奇这个男人为什么这么做，所以为了满足好奇心，她和丈夫决定去走近看一下，故选A。
2.词义猜测题。由上文“The large pieces f Indian bread wuld be difficult fr the birds t eat,”(鸟儿们吃大块的印度面包有一定的难度。)以及下文“int a fine pwder.”(变成粉末)可知，鸟儿们吃大块面包鸟儿有一定的难度，所以他要将大块面包弄成粉末，因此可推断出“crushes”是捣碎的意思，与选项D“Breaks”(打破；弄碎)符合，A. Paints涂颜料；B. Bils煮沸；C. Cks做饭。故选D。
3.目的意图题。根据最后一段“We shared his stry with the hpe that it reminds us t be mindful f leftvers t and perhaps it might inspire smene t start smething similar in their wn area.”(我们分享了他的故事，希望这能提醒我们也要留意吃剩的食物，也许这能激励某些人在他们自己的领域开始做类似的事情。)可知，作者分享了这个故事，是希望能激励某些人在他们自己的领域开始做类似的事情，所以可推断出，作者分享这个故事的主要目的是激励其他人改变世界，故选D。
4.主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了作者和丈夫在晚饭后散步时，看到一个人在用石头压碎一些面包。作者了解后得知他是在给早上来这里的小鸟准备食物。事情虽小，但是作者和丈夫备受鼓舞，同时鼓励人们也做善举。所以文章最好的标题是A选项“遇到一位平凡的英雄”，故选A。
C
Snacks, game machines and medical services have pured int the family f Quan Hngchan, the 14-year-ld gld medalist at the 2021 Tky Olympics, after the stry f the talented diver striving t win the Games t supprt her lw-incme family and earn mney fr the treatment f her ill mther deeply tuched us.
As the yungest athlete amng China’s delegatin (代表团), Quan amazed audiences arund the wrld with her surprisingly perfect perfrmance in the wmen’s 10-meter platfrm.
Quan immediately became ne f the mst-discussed Olympic athletes n Chinese scial media and a “sweetheart” f many peple nt nly fr the snack-lving girl's likeable persna (形象), but als fr her maturity and gd heart after it came t light she was supprting a lw-incme family f seven. Quan said she wanted t “make a lt f mney” t cure her mm's disease and visit an amusement park, which she has never been t. Eventually, Quan’s effrts have paid ff and her dream is cming true.
A hspital in her hmetwn Zhanjiang, Suth China's Guangdng Prvince annunced that it wuld prvide a full range f medical services fr her mther. The hspital fficials said they were prud f the Olympic champin and were mre than willing t help ut her family. Several amusement parks, zs said they wuld ffer lifetime free pass fr Quan and her family. A lcal businessman even ffered 200,000 yuan in cash t Quan’s father, but was declined.
The passin fr the yung champin’s family, hwever, has appeared t becme verly heated after sme fans and Internet celebrities tracked dwn t her village hme, causing lcal traffic chas. Reprts claimed sme live-streamers even intend t climb up the trees planted at her huse and take a jackfruit as suvenir.
8. What’s the purpse f Paragraph 2?
A. T present a detail.B. T intrduce the game.
C. T describe the audiences.D. T add the backgrund infrmatin.
9. What des the authr mainly want t tell us by Paragraph 3?
A. The effrts she made.B. The dream she realized.
C The reasn why she became a hit.D. The disease her mther suffered frm.
10. What did Quan’s father d with the mney a businessman ffered?
A. He refused it plitely.B. He accepted it jyfully.
C. He dnated it t a hspital.D. He gave it away t his daughter.
11. What can we infer abut Quan Hngchan frm the text?
A. She needs medical services.
B. She is dutiful and strng-willed.
C. She is vercnfident and caring.
D. She wants t chase her fans ut f her hme.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了2021年东京奥运会金牌得主、14岁的全红婵的家庭受到广泛的社会关注的故事。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段“Snacks, game machines and medical services have pured int the family f Quan Hngchan, the 14-year-ld gld medalist at the 2021 Tky Olympics, after the stry f the talented diver striving t win the Games t supprt her lw-incme family and earn mney fr the treatment f her ill mther deeply tuched us.(2021年东京奥运会金牌得主、14岁的全红婵的家人得到大量的零食、游戏机和医疗服务，这位才华横溢的跳水运动员为了养活低收入家庭、挣钱治疗生病的母亲而努力赢得奥运会冠军的故事深深打动了我们)”说明本文主题是：2021年东京奥运会金牌得主、14岁的全红婵的家庭受到广泛的社会关注的故事。根据第二段“As the yungest athlete amng China’s delegatin (代表团), Quan amazed audiences arund the wrld with her surprisingly perfect perfrmance in the wmen’s 10-meter platfrm. (作为中国代表团中最年轻的运动员，她在女子10米跳台上惊人的完美表现让世界各地的观众惊叹不已)”可知，第二段写作目的是添加故事的背景信息。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Quan immediately became ne f the mst-discussed Olympic athletes n Chinese scial media and a “sweetheart” f many peple nt nly fr the snack-lving girl's likeable persna (形象), but als fr her maturity and gd heart after it came t light she was supprting a lw-incme family f seven. (全红婵立即成为中国社交媒体上最受关注的奥运会运动员之一，并成为许多人的“心上人”，这不仅是因为这位喜欢吃零食的女孩可爱的形象，也是因为她在被曝光后的成熟和善良，以及她正在供养一个七口之家的低收入家庭)”可知，第三段告诉我们她成为热门人物的原因。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“A lcal businessman even ffered 200,000 yuan in cash t Quan’s father, but was declined. (一名当地商人甚至愿意给全红婵的父亲20万元现金，但遭到了拒绝。)”可知，全红婵的父亲拒绝了那笔钱。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Quan immediately became ne f the mst-discussed Olympic athletes n Chinese scial media and a “sweetheart” f many peple nt nly fr the snack-lving girl's likeable persna (形象), but als fr her maturity and gd heart after it came t light she was supprting a lw-incme family f seven. Quan said she wanted t “make a lt f mney” t cure her mm's disease and visit an amusement park, which she has never been t. Eventually, Quan’s effrts have paid ff and her dream is cming true. (全红婵立即成为中国社交媒体上最受关注的奥运会运动员之一，并成为许多人的“心上人”，这不仅是因为这位喜欢吃零食的女孩可爱的形象，也是因为她在被曝光后的成熟和善良，以及她正在供养一个七口之家的低收入家庭。全红婵说她想“赚很多钱”来治疗她妈妈的病，并去游乐园玩，但她从来没有去过。最终，全红婵的努力得到了回报，她的梦想正在实现)”可以推知，全红婵尽职尽责，意志坚强。故选B项。
D
The daughter f a friend f mine recently left university and entered int the wrld f wrk, taking n a temprary ffice jb. At the end f her first week at wrk, she phned hme in tears and cmplained t her mther, "There's n time t d anything else. I'm s tired when I get hme in the evenings that all I can d is watching TV. Then I have t rise early the next mrning and d it again! If this is what wrk is like, I dn't want t spend my whle life ding it!"
We take it fr granted that wrk must be a majr part f ur lives—in fact, fr many peple, it's the primary aspect f ur lives. We define urselves and measure ur happiness in terms f hw successful we are in these rles. Nrmally, 40 hurs a week, 48 weeks a year, fr up t 50 years—nt including traveling time and the time we spend resting.
Is this really what we were brn fr? Is this really what life shuld be abut?
Of curse, if yu're lucky, yu might have a satisfying jb which suits yur inbrn interests and skills, and which is challenging and inspiring. In that case, yur jb may prvide yu with what psychlgists call "flw"—a state f intense absrptin, which makes yu feel engaged and alive. Perhaps the majrity f peple aren't that lucky and d jbs which are repetitive and bring. But I wuld argue that, even if yur jb des prvide yu with "flw", wrk shuld just be an aspect f ur lives, rather than its defining feature. Wrking 40 hurs a week makes ur lives becme narrw and restricted, s we lse sight f ther pssibilities. There's s much t learn in life, s many different ways t develp, s many experiences t absrb, s many activities and adventures t enjy, but while we spend s much time wrking, it's difficult t find time and energy fr these.
12. What did the daughter mainly cmplain abut?
A. Her bss's watchful eyes.B. Her bring life after wrk.
C. Her endless wrk in ffice.D. Her getting up early in the mrning.
13. Hw des ne feel if his jb prvides him with "flw"?
A. Cntent and fcused.B. Occupied and tired.
C. Dynamic and relaxed.D. Challenged and wrried.
14. Which f the fllwing is true accrding t the authr?
A. Peple with satisfying jbs tend t wrk all the time.
B. Many peple have n idea what they really like.
C. Wrk is the mst imprtant thing in ne's life.
D. Mst peple are nt satisfied with their jbs.
15. Which wrd best describes the authr's attitude t wrking 40 hurs a week?
A. Ambiguus.B. Favrable.C. Cncerned.D. Uncaring.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了朋友女儿抱怨累人的日常工作的事例，工作只是生活中最基本的部分，工作会使生活变得很狭窄。生活中有很多东西要学习，有很多不同的发展方式，有很多可以享受的活动(包括什么都不做)，但当我们花这么多时间工作时,却很难找到时间和精力去做这些事情。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“…cmplained t her mther, "There's n time t d anything else. I'm s tired when I get hme in the evenings that all I can d is watching TV. Then I have t rise early the next mrning and d it again! If this is what wrk is like, I dn't want t spend my whle life ding it!"（… 对妈妈抱怨说:我没时间做其他的事了。当我晚上回到家时，我太累了，我能做的就是看电视。然后第二天早上我还得早起再做一遍!如果工作就是这样的话，我不想把我的一生都花在这上面!)”可知，这位女儿抱怨的是她在公司干不完的活，没时间做自己喜欢的事情。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Of curse, if yu're lucky, yu might have a satisfying jb which suits yur inbrn interests and skills, and which is challenging and inspiring. In that case, yur jb may prvide yu with what psychlgists call " flw"-a state f intense(强烈) absrptin which makes yu feel busy and alive.( 当然，如果你幸运的话，你可能会有一份令人满意的工作，它适合你天生的兴趣和技能，具有挑战性和鼓舞人心。在这种情况下，你的工作可能会为你提供心理学家所说的“flw”--- 一种全神贯注的状态，让你感到忙碌和活力。)由此判断出，人们若被提供“flw”，会满足，积极专注地工作。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Of curse, if yu're lucky, yu might have a satisfying jb which suits yur inbrn interests and skills, and which is challenging and inspiring…Perhaps the majrity f peple aren't that lucky and d jbs which are repetitive and bring.( 当然，如果你幸运的话，你可能会有一份令人满意的工作，它适合你天生的兴趣和技能，具有挑战性和鼓舞人心, 也许大多数人都没有那么幸运，做的工作都是重复而乏味的)可知，作者认为大部分人做着自己不满意的工作。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Wrking 40 hurs a week makes ur lives becme narrw and restricted, s we lse sight f ther pssibilities. There's s much t learn in life, s many different ways t develp, s many experiences t absrb, s many activities and adventures t enjy, but while we spend s much time wrking, it's difficult t find time and energy fr these.( 每周工作40个小时会让我们的生活变得狭窄和受限，因此我们会忽视其他的可能性。生活中有那么多要学习的东西，有那么多不同的发展方式，有那么多的经历要吸收，有那么多的活动和冒险要享受，但当我们花费这么多时间工作时，却很难找到时间和精力来做这些事情)”可知，作者对每周工作40小时是忧虑的。A. Ambiguus.模棱两可的； B. Favrable支持的，赞成的；C. Cncerned.担心的，忧虑的；D. Uncaring.冷淡的，不关心的。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why D Peple Really Use Facebk
In an nline wrld, peple are cnstantly searching fr newer ways f cmmunicatin. Facebk is an imprtant part f nline scial media that supprts cmmunicatin in varius ways. Out f all scial media platfrms, Facebk is the mst used platfrm by millins f peple acrss the wrld. ____16____
T serve the need f belngingness. Every individual wants t belng t sme scial grups. Fr this purpse, they d what thers have been ding. Thus, they jin Facebk when all their friends and relatives have als been jining it. ____17____.
Facebk ffers multiple ways t create such cnnectins and preferred cmmunities.
T serve the need f self-presentatin. Peple want t present themselves psitively in frnt f thers. Thus, they lk fr a platfrm thrugh which they culd fulfill their need f self-presentatin. ____18____It lets peple make their prfiles and share ideas and feelings thrugh varius means. Peple can frm new cnnectins n Facebk and share images and vides with their cnnectins.
____19____Althugh peple d it subcnsciusly (下意识地)，they are trying t increase their pride using Facebk. Receiving virtual likes and cmments can perfect their image in their wn eyes.
T kill time and avid bredm. Many peple wh want t avid bredm in their lives g n making a prfile n Facebk where they interact virtually with their cnnectins. ____20____
A. T imprve self-respect.
B. All their friends and relatives need it.
C. That's why s many peple are using it.
D. Here are the reasns why it is s ppular.
E. This helps them kill spare time as well as their bredm.
F. One such wnderful platfrm supprting this need is Facebk.
G. They want t cnnect t their cmmunity and feel attached t it.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章分析了人们使用Facebk的原因。
【16题详解】
根据文章标题“Why D Peple Really Use Facebk（人们为什么使用Facebk）”和下文的小标题描述可知，空处承上启下，说明要分析人们使用Facebk的原因。D项：Here are the reasns why it is s ppular.（这里是它如此受欢迎的原因）符合语境。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据本段小标题“T serve the need f belngingness.（服务于归属感的需要）”可知，本段阐述的原因与归属感相关。G项中的“feel attached t it ”与“belngingness”对应。G项：They want t cnnect t their cmmunity and feel attached t it.（他们想要与他们的社区建立联系，并感觉与它有联系）符合语境,cnnect呼应标题的belngingness。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Thus, they lk fr a platfrm thrugh which they culd fulfill their need f self-presentatin. （因此，他们寻找一个平台，通过这个平台，他们可以满足自我表达的需要）”可知，F项中的“One such wnderful platfrm ”与上文中的“lk fr a platfrm”对应。F项：One such wnderful platfrm supprting this need is Facebk.（支持这种需求的一个很棒的平台就是Facebk）符合语境。故选F。
【19题详解】
空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Althugh peple d it subcnsciusly (下意识地)，they are trying t increase their pride using Facebk. Receiving virtual likes and cmments can perfect their image in their wn eyes.（虽然人们是下意识地这么做的，但他们使用Facebk是为了增加自己的自豪感。接受虚拟点赞和评论可以让他们在自己眼中的形象更加完美）”可知，本段主要阐述的原因是提高自尊心的需要。A项：T imprve self-respect.（提高自尊）符合语境。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据本段小标题“T kill time and avid bredm.（为了消磨时间，避免无聊）”可知，本段主要阐述的原因是为了打发时间和避免无聊。E项中的“kill spare time as well as their bredm ”与标题对应。E项：This helps them kill spare time as well as their bredm.（这有助于他们打发业余时间和无聊）符合语境。故选E。
第三部分 英语知识运用
第一节 完型填空（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I recently gave up driving. I____21____my test last year, but I stpped____22____when I turned 90. I thught that it was finally the____23____time.
Needless t say, my family was ____24____ —they didn't have t have "that talk" with me. My dctr was glad t. Like diagnsing（诊断）an incurable illness, ____25____away a senir's driving license is prbably ne f the____26____things he must try hard t d. ____27____my wife passed away years ag, I made this decisin alne. I knew I culdn't ____28____ as well as I used t. My____29____ was getting wrse, and I culdn't see clearly. It hurt t turn my head when driving backward, and I was _____30_____after very lng shpping trips.
As I_____31_____the keys f the car t my sn, I thught f all the cars my wife and I had wned ver the years. A car is freedm, _____32_____and an extensin f yur persnality. Withut ne, yu feel like_____33_____f a persn.
I have a sn wh lives clse by and we shp tgether at least nce a week. My neighbrs als_____34_____me ride, but the idea f being dependent n ther peple after a _____35_____ f independence is hard t get used t.
I've learned t_____36_____. With my wn _____37_____, I nce culd g anywhere. But nw, my physical cnditin gets wrse and I _____38_____plan ahead fr everything. N mre driving ut quickly fr milk r bread r last-minute afternn drives.
Giving up driving is hard, and sme f us never _____39_____the lss. Fr me, hwever, it was _____40_____ the end result f a lng and lucky life.
21. A. failedB. expectedC. preparedD. passed
22. A. vluntarilyB. calmlyC. luckilyD. hesitantly
23. A. limitedB. spareC. awfulD. right
24 A. negativeB. relievedC. depressedD. angry
25. A. takingB. givingC. runningD. putting
26. A. simplestB. wrstC. tughestD. happiest
27. A. ThughB. SinceC. OnceD. While
28. A. mveB. playC. appintD. achieve
29. A. hearingB. breathingC. visinD. image
30. A. energeticB. amazedC. mdyD. exhausted
31. A. picked upB. handed verC. went thrughD. searched fr
32. A. equalityB. predictinC. independenceD. curisity
33. A. mreB. lessC. betterD. fewer
34. A. fferB. encurageC. supprtD. deliver
35. A. resultB. partC. prcessD. lifetime
36. A. driveB. imagineC. changeD. raise
37. A. familyB. carC. mneyD. huse
38. A. mayB. canC. willD. must
39. A. receiveB. frgiveC. acceptD. imprve
40. A. justB. everC. evenD. still
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。 放弃开车是艰难的，作者在九十岁的时候放弃了开车，这给生活带来了许多不便，但是作者努力适应生活的改变，使得没有车后的生活充满了许多乐趣。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我去年通过了考试，但在我90岁时，我自愿放弃了。A. failed失败，没及格；B. expected期望，预计；C. prepared准备；D. passed通过。后面说我自愿放弃开车，说明我有开车资格，我通过了驾驶考试。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我最近放弃了开车。我去年通过了考试，但在我90岁时，我自愿放弃了。A. vluntarily自愿地；B. calmly冷静地；C. luckily幸运地；D. hesitantly犹豫不决地。由下文“I thught that it was finally the right time.”及7空后面说我独自做出这个决定，可推断，我在90岁的时候，自愿停止了开车，我认为那是最后合适的时间。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想终于是时候了。A. limited有限的；B. spare空闲的；C. awful可怕的；糟糕的；D. right合适的，正确的。自愿放弃开车，觉得是合适的时机。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不用说，我的家人都松了一口气——他们不需要和我进行“那样的谈话”。 A. negative负面的，否定的；B. relieved轻松的，如释重负的，欣慰的；C. depressed抑郁的，经济萧条的；D. angry气愤的。我90多岁，年龄很大，独自开车，家人一定是担心的，我放弃开车，家人如释重负，也与下文“My dctr was glad t.”呼应。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像诊断不治之症一样，吊销老年人的驾照可能是他必须努力去做的最困难的事情之一A. taking拿走；B. giving给予；C. running经营；跑步；D. putting放置。我放弃开车，后面提到医生也很高兴，医生也是不希望我开车的，说服我不开车是一件难办的事情。拿走老人的驾驶执照就是指让老人放弃开车。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就像诊断不治之症一样，拿走老年人的驾照可能是他必须努力去做的最困难的事情之一。A. simplest最简单的；B. wrst最糟糕的；C. tughest最艰难的；D. happiest最开心的。医生为老人的健康安全考虑是要让老人放弃开车，如果老人不愿意，这是很难办的事情，毕竟开车代表着自由。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：由于我妻子多年前去世，我独自做出了这个决定。A. Thugh虽然；B. Since自从；既然，由于；C. Once一旦；D. While虽然；当……时候。我独自做出不再开车这个决定，因为妻子已去世。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道我不可能像以前那样行动那么自如了。A. mve行动，移动；B. play玩耍；C. appint约定；任命，委任；D. achieve实现。达到。此处在解释我放弃开车的原因。90岁，身体灵活度不太好了，不能像以前那么行动自如了。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的视力越来越差，看不清楚了。A. hearing听力；B. breathing呼吸；C. visin视力；D. image形象。根据“and I culdn't see clearly”可知，我视力不好了。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我倒车时，我的头很痛，而且在长途购物后我感到筋疲力尽。A. energetic精力充沛的；B. amazed惊讶的；C. mdy情绪坏的；D. exhausted疲惫的。根据“after very lng shpping trips.”可知，长时间(lng)购物开车返回时，会疲惫，驾车有安全隐患。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我把车钥匙交给儿子时，我想起了我和妻子这些年来拥有的所有汽车。A. picked up捡起，拿起；B. handed ver递过去；C. went thrugh参加；经受；仔细检查；通过；D. searched fr寻找。我决定放弃开车，应该是把车钥匙移交给儿子。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：汽车代表着自由、独立，是你个性的延伸。A. equality平等；B. predictin预言；C. independence独立；D. curisity好奇。根据下文“but the idea f being dependent n ther peple after a 15 f independence is hard t get used t.”可知，我认为开车代表着独立，不用事事依靠他人。。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有它，你会觉得自己不那么像一个人。A. mre更多的；B. less更少的；C. better更好的；D. fewer更少的。前面“an extensin f yur persnality.”说可以自由驾车是性格的一个延伸，那如果不能开车了，不能随心所欲，个性就不那么完整了。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的邻居也愿意载我一程，但是要我在独立了一辈子之后还要依赖别人，这让我很难接受。A. ffer提供；B. encurage鼓励；C. supprt支持；D. deliver递送；接生。此处在解释不开车之后的生活。有儿子住的近，可以载我去购物，邻居应该是也乐于主动开车带我办事情。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的邻居也愿意载我一程，但是要我在独立了一辈子之后还要依赖别人，这让我很难接受。A. result结果；B. part部分；C. prcess过程；D. lifetime终生。90岁放弃开车，之前大半辈子开车，来去自由的生活。故选D项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经学会了改变。A. drive开车；驱使；B. imagine想象；C. change改变；D. raise举起，抬高；饲养；养育；筹集。上一句说虽然儿子和邻居都愿意载我出门，但是自己觉得依赖别人的生活还是很难适应，所以此处表示，我在学习改变。故选C项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有自己的车，我曾经可以去任何地方。A. family家庭，家人；B. car汽车；C. mney金钱；D. huse房子。根据“culd g anywhere自由自在去任何地方”可知，要有自己的汽车。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：但现在，我的身体状况越来越差，我必须提前计划一切。A. may可能；B. can可能；能，会； C. will将要；D. must一定，必须；肯定。根据“my physical cnditin gets wrse”可知，年纪大了，一定是必须是提前计划一切，包括不再开车。故选D项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：放弃开车是很困难的，我们中的一些人从不接受这种失去。A. receive收到；B. frgive原谅；C. accept接受；D. imprve改善，提高。我决定自己放弃开车，但有些人不愿意接受这种自由的丧失。故选C项。
【40题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，对我来说，这只是漫长而幸运的一生的最终结果。A. just仅仅；刚刚；B. ever曾经；C. even甚至；D. still仍然。前面说有些人年纪很大，还不愿意接受不能在开车的现实，后文转折，指而对于我，这只是一个人老了之后的正常结果而已。故选A项。
第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
When____41____(talk) abut the tw genders (性别), peple ften say that men are frm Mars and wmen are frm Venus. It is true ____42____men and wmen are different in many ways.
Hwever, many f these differences in character can ____43____ (explain) by differences between the brains f men and wmen. Fr example, a study ____44____ (lead)by a British psychlgist in 2012 fund men's brains are, n average, 10 percent bigger than wmen's brains. But Lise Elit, a prfessr at____45____Medical Schl f Chicag University, desn't think the brain differences can explain persnal features. She fund that the brain differences mean nthing.
S, if it's nt in the brain, what is it that makes males and females behave____46____ (different)? The answer may lie in scializatin. In the past, many gender ____47____ (study) ignred a persn's scial backgrund and upbringing. Take frmer Harvard University president fr example. Accrding t a 1970 research that shwed men ____48____(beat) wmen 13-t-ne, he thught men were ____49____ (gd) at science subjects. ____50____, anther study fund that if females were given mre pprtunities t study science subjects, the rati wuld drp t three-t-ne.
【答案】41. talking
42. that 43. be explained
44. led 45. the
46. differently
47. studies
48. beat 49. better
50. Hwever
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章就造成男女表现不同的原因进行了讨论，说明男女不同是或许是由于社交背景造成的。
【详解】1.考查省略句。句意：当人们谈论两性时，人们总是说男人来自火星，女人来自金星。分析句子结构可知，前半句是when引导的状语从句，当主句主语和从句主语是同一个主语时，从句省略主语和系动词，即when后省略peple are，且根据句意可知，主语peple(人们)和动词talk(谈论)之间是主动关系，所以此处应用现在分词形式，故填talking。
2.考查主语从句。句意：男人和女人在很多方面都是不同的，这是事实。It is true that+句子是固定句型，表示“……是事实”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句，这是主语从句，故填that。
3.考查语态。句意：然而，这些性格上的差异可以用男性和女性大脑的差异来解释。根据句意可知，空处是谓语动词，explain(解释)与主语“many f these differences in character”是被动关系，且由前面的情态动词can可知，此处应用be explained，故填be explained。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，一位由英国心理学家在2012年主导的一项研究发现，男性的大脑平均比女性大10%。分析句子结构可知，“___(lead)by a British psychlgist in 2012”是非谓语动词做后置定语，用来修饰study(研究)，lead(主导)和study(研究)二者是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填led。
5.考查定冠词。句意：但是芝加哥大学医学院的教授Lise Elit，不认为大脑的差异可以解释个人特征。由后面的“Medical Schl f Chicag University”可知，此处是特指，应用定冠词the，故填the。
6.考查副词。句意：那么，如果这不是由于大脑差异造成的，那是什么使得男性和女性表现不同呢？根据句意可知，behave是动词，表示“表现”，应用副词来修饰，different(不同的)是形容词，故填differently。
7.考查名词复数。句意：过去，许多关于性别研究都忽视了一个人的社会背景和教养。由句意可知，study是可数名词，表示“研究”，根据前面的many可知，应用复数形式，故填studies 。
8.考查动词时态。句意：根据1970年的一项研究，男性以13:1的比例打败女性，他认为男性在科学方面更胜一筹。分析句子结构可知，“men ___(beat) wmen 13-t-ne”放在动词shw(表明)后面，是宾语从句，空处是宾语从句的谓语动词，且由前面的shwed可知，句子描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填beat。
9.考查形容词比较级。句意：根据1970年的一项研究，男性以13:1的比例打败女性，他认为男性在科学方面更胜一筹。根据句意可知，男性以13:1打败女性，因此在科学上男性比女性表现更好，此处是男性和女性在科学上做比较，应用比较级，故填better。
10.考查副词。句意：然而，另一项研究发现，如果给予女性更多的机会学习科学，这一比例将降至3:1。空处前面是说男性以13:1的比例打败女性，因此男性在科学方面比女性表现好，空处后面的句子是说如果给予女性更多的机会学习科学，这一比例将降至三比一，所以前后是转折关系，且此处用逗号与主句隔开，应用副词hwever，表示“然而”，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Hwever。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
In a recent evening, my hst father was preparing fd in the kitchen. I helped my hst sister set the table by place a red tableclth, plates and candles. While my hst dad was preparing the chickens and prk steaks, we girls made a salad. That was a special day. Unlike any ther wedding anniversary I have seen befre, my hst parents didn’t hld the big party. During the dinner, I tld they were nce classmates. His hst mm went t Italy after graduatin. After she went back, my hst dad started t hang ut with her. It made me t think thse wh true lve yu will never leave yu.
【答案】1. In→On 2. place→placing 3. chickens→chicken 4. have→had 5. the→a 6. 在tld前加was 7. His→My 8. went→came 9. 删除t 10. true→truly
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在寄宿家庭里的故事。
【详解】1.考查介词。句意：最近的一个晚上，我的寄宿父亲正在厨房里准备食物。在具体的某一晚上，介词应用n。故将In改为On。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：我帮我的寄宿姐姐摆好了桌子，铺上了红桌布、盘子和蜡烛。介词by后应用动名词作宾语，by ding sth意为“通过做某事”。故将place改为placing。
3.考查不可数名词。句意：当我的寄宿爸爸准备鸡肉和猪肉排的时候，我们几个女孩做了一份沙拉。chicken作“鸡肉”讲时是不可数名词。故将chickens改为chicken。
4.考查时态。句意：不像我以前见过的任何一个结婚纪念日，我的寄宿父母没有举行一个盛大的聚会。根据句意和后文didn’t以及时间状语befre可知，定语从句中谓语动作发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故将have改为had。
5.考查冠词。句意：不像我以前见过的任何一个结婚纪念日，我的寄宿父母没有举行一个盛大的聚会。根据句意可知，此处可数名词party为泛指概念，故应用不定冠词限定，big发音以辅音音素开头，故用a。故将the改为a。
6.考查语态。句意：吃饭的时候，我被告知他们曾经是同学。谓语动词tell和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。主语为I，一般过去时的被动语态结构为was dne。故在tld前加was。
7.考查代词。句意：我的寄宿妈妈毕业后去了意大利。根据上文my hst parents可知，此处作者用第一人称描述自己的寄宿父母，my hst mm合乎逻辑。故将His改为My。
8.考查动词逻辑。句意：她回来后，我的寄宿爸爸开始和她一起玩。根据前文went t Italy可知，此处指“她回来”，合乎逻辑，cme的过去式为came。故将went改为came。
9.考查不带t动词不定式。句意：这让我觉得真正爱你的人永远不会离开你。make sb d sth“使某人干某事”是固定用法，不带t不定式作宾补。故删除t。
10. 考查副词。句意：这让我觉得真正爱你的人永远不会离开你。修饰动词lve用副词。故将true改为truly。
第二节 书面表达（满分 25分）
52. 假定你是李华，你的朋友Mcqueen来信说他准备参加以“拒绝食物浪费”为主题的演讲比赛，正在为演讲稿搜集相关资料，想知道你对此的看法和做法。请你写封回信，内容包括:
1.表示乐意分享;
2.食物浪费的危害;
3.你平日节约食物的做法。
注意∶1.词数 100 左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mcqueen,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mcqueen,
Hearing that yu are cllecting materials fr the speech cntest called “Refuse Fd Waste”, I am mre than delighted t share my views.
As we knw, tns f fd ends up in trash cans every year. Wasting fd means wasting resurces like water, land and energy. Therefre, it will damage the envirnment in the lng run. Realizing the severe cnsequences f wasting fd, I have been ding my bit t save it. At schl cafeteria, I ask fr half-size servings when I am nt that hungry. When dining ut in restaurants with family r friends, I prpse rdering smaller prtins and taking the leftvers hme.
I hpe what I said can be f help t yu. If yu have any questins, please cntact me. Lking frward t yur gd news.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给朋友Mcqueen写信，说说自己对浪费食物的看法，并介绍自己平时是如何节约食物的。
【详解】1.词汇积累
叫做：name→call
高兴的：pleased→delighted
损害：d harm t→damage
严重的：serius→severe
2.句型拓展
合并简单句
原句：Wasting fd means wasting resurces like water, land and energy. Therefre, it will damage the envirnment in the lng run.
拓展句：Wasting fd means wasting resurces like water, land and energy, which will damage the envirnment in the lng run.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Hearing that yu are cllecting materials fr the speech cntest called “Refuse Fd Waste”, I am mre than delighted t share my views.（运用了现在分词作状语，和that引导宾语从句）
[高分句型2] When dining ut in restaurants with family r friends, I prpse rdering smaller prtins and taking the leftvers hme.（运用了状语从句的省略）
听力答案：1-5 ABCCA 6-10 CBABB 11-15 ACCBA 16-20 BCCAB