一轮巩固卷02-【赢在高考·黄金卷】备战2022年高考英语模拟卷（新高考专用）

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【赢在高考·黄金卷】备战2022年高考英语模拟卷（新高考专用）
一轮巩固卷2
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £ 19. 15. B. £ 9. 18. C. £ 9. 15.
答案是 C。
1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student.
B. Salesgirl and customer
C. Husband and wife
【答案】B
【1题详解】
Text 1
W: Welcome! Please have a look at our selection of sunglasses.
M: OK. I think these brown ones are great.
W: Brown glasses offer great protection from the sun.

2. What does the man think of the woman's new house?
A. Astonishing
B. Disappointing
C. Satisfying
【答案】C
【2题详解】
Text 2
W: I’m very disappointed at the new house. I expected it to be much better.
M: You can’t say that, Rose. I think it’s much better than mine.

3. What does the woman mean according to the conversation?
A. The philosophy teacher is not so popular among his students.
B. The classes given by the philosophy teacher are quite boring.
C. The students are interested in the philosophy classes.
【答案】C
【3题详解】
Text 3
W: Our philosophy teacher is very humorous. The examples he gives are very interesting.
M: No wonder when I pass your room, I always hear your laughter.

4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Watching TV. B. Buying a TV. C. Placing the TV.
【答案】C
【4题详解】
Text 4
M: Where do you think the TV should go?
W: How about in the corner to the left of the fireplace, so we can watch it from the sofa?
M: Good idea.

5. Why does the woman intend to phone Harry?
A. Because Harry will join them in the bike ride.
B. Because Harry is familiar with the places for cycling.
C. Because Harry enjoys travelling.
【答案】B
【5题详解】
Text 5
W: How about going out for a bike ride?
M: Sure. Where?
W: I will call Harry and ask him. He always knows the best places to go.
M: That’s a good idea. I hear he has just returned from a bike ride to the East Lake.

第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分225分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the man want to talk to the director?
A. To talk about his schedule to go home next week.
B. To talk about his plan to visit England next week.
C. To keep his appointment with the director next week.
【答案】A
7. How long has the man been away from his motherland?
A. Over two years B. About a year C. Less than one month
【答案】B
【6-7题详解】
Text 6
W: Good morning, International Student Office. May I help you?
M: I’d like to talk to the director about my plan to go home next week.
W: Are you one of the students from England?
M: No. I’m from the United States. I came last May.
W: I see. The director can see you next Monday. Do you prefer morning or afternoon?
M: Morning is better for me.
W: Would 9:00 be all right?
M: That suits me fine.
W: Good. We’ll expect you then at 9:00 on Monday morning.
M: Thank you very much.

听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8. How many bags were of colors other than black in Lost and Found?
A. Three B. Five C. Eleven
【答案】B
9. What do we know about the woman's bag?
A. It's small. B. It has a zip. C. It has a pocket on the front.
【答案】B
10. What is in the woman's bag?
A. A toy B. Some snacks C. Some books
【答案】A
【7-10题详解】
Text 7
M: Lost and Found. How can I help you?
W: Hm… I’m ringing because I lost my bag yesterday.
M：I see. Well, we received eight bags yesterday. What color is it?
W: It’s black.
M: Hm…I’ve got three bags here. Can you give me some more information?
W: It’s quite large. I wear it over my shoulder. It’s got a zip on the front and there’s a pocket on the side for a mobile phone.
M: Is there anything in it?
W: Yes. There’s an address book and some keys. Oh, and Hissy, the snake.
M: There’s a snake in your bag?
W: Don’t worry. It’s made of plastic. It belongs to my little son.
M: Right, well, I think we have your bag here.

听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11. Where is the Flower Show?
A. In the City Park B. In the Forest Park C. In the Flower Park
【答案】B
12. What did the woman's daughter say about the Flower Show?
A. It was beautiful.
B. It was open in the morning.
C. It was the biggest tourist attraction in the city.
【答案】A
13. What can we learn from the conversation?
A. The man will go to the Flower Show.
B. The woman has been to see the Flower Show once.
C. The woman's daughter went to the Flower Show yesterday.
【答案】A
【11-13题详解】
Text 8
M: Excuse me, Madam, I wonder if you could help me?
W: Yes?
M: Do you happen to know anything about the Flower Show?
W: Well, it is in the Forest Park.
M: Can you tell me something about it? Is it interesting?
W: I’m afraid I’m not really sure because I have not had the time to see it. But my daughter was there the day before yesterday. She said it was really beautiful, all sorts of flowers — roses, tulips — you name it, they have it. You see, the show is one of the tourist attractions in our city. Go there and take a look, young man.
M: I will. By the way, do you know when it is open?
W: Well, let me see… It’s open in the afternoon. My daughter told me.
M: Thanks.

听第9段材料,回答第14至16题。
14. What is the woman's problem?
A. She forgot to buy apple pies.
B. The apple pies she made have gone bad
C. She is at a loss what to have for dessert
【答案】C
15. What does the woman say about Steve's parents?
A. They are very considerate.
B. They are always complaining.
C. They tend to eat less dessert.
【答案】A
16. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Go out to have dinner.
B. Buy some fruit and vegetables.
C. Prepare fresh fruit and cheese for dessert.
【答案】C
【14-16题详解】
Text 9
M: Can I be of any help?
W: Oh, thank you, Sam! You can be a great help. You know, Steve’s parents will come to dinner today. This is the first time they have come to visit our new house since our marriage.
M: Good! What would you like me to do?
W: Well, I can’t make up my mind about what to have for dessert. I made two apple pies last night, but I tasted one of them this morning and it didn’t taste good at all.
M: You’d better make the pies over again if you don’t want Steve’s parents to make faces over their dessert.
W: Oh, they wouldn’t do that. They’re too polite. They would just make as if nothing was wrong and then complain to Steve about it later.
M: Look, why don’t you just offer some fresh fruit and cheese for dessert? Steve’s parents would probably like a healthy dessert.
W: What a good idea!

听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker’s main purpose of coming to England?
A. To make a trip to the city
B. To buy some presents for her boyfriend.
C. To attend a conference and exhibition.
【答案】C
18. What did the speaker do yesterday?
A. She visited Chinatown.
B. She did some shopping.
C. She registered for the exhibition.
【答案】A
19. What arrangements did the speaker make for the exhibition today?
A. She checked in at the hotel
B. She discussed with the manager about the conference.
C. She persuaded people to buy their holidays and tours.
【答案】B
20. Where is the stand of the speaker's company?
A. Near the restaurant B. Near the coffee shop C. Near the clothes shop
【答案】B
【17-20题详解】
Text 10
Hello, I’m May Hunter. I’m at a travel conference and exhibition in Manchester, England. Manchester is a fantastic place! It’s full of life, lots to see and to do in the evenings. Yesterday was my first day. I checked in at the hotel and then went to Chinatown, which has some great Chinese restaurants and things to see. I love that kind of atmosphere and the wonderful Chinese supermarkets and clothes shops. I want to go back there later to do some shopping. I will buy some presents for my boyfriend. Today I went to the conference to register and set up my exhibition stand. I discussed the conference with the manager. I found that the stand of my company is in good position, near the coffee shop. So I should get lots of people passing and buying my holidays and tours. Things are going well!

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Misty Copeland spends most days practicing and perfecting the graceful movements of her art. She takes classes almost every day and takes care of body so she doesn't injure it when she goes to work at American Ballet Theatre, one of the most famous ballet companies in the world.
“I treat my body with the respect that any musician would their instrument. I accept all that it is and do my best to make it the best it can be,” says Misty.
Misty didn't always feel so confident in herself. The challenges she has faced over almost 20 years of dancing have made her strong. She was a shy child and avoided the spotlight. But she loved music and movement. When she was 13, she joined the drill team. One day her coach suggested that she attend a free ballet class at the Boys &Girls club. For two weeks, Misty sat on the gym platforms watching the class, afraid to join in. Finally, she gave it a try.
At first, Misty felt out of place in the class. She didn’t know anything about ballet, and she was older than most of the students. Even though Misty felt discouraged, she didn't quit. She talked with others who had struggled with similar problems. With the support of these friends, things slowly improved.
Over the next five years, ballet was Misty's life She practiced, performed, competed, attended summer ballet programs, and got loads of awards.
Today, Misty says, “I’ve learned to embrace my appearance, skin color, and figure.” She wants to help other dancers, especially ballerinas of color, accept themselves, too. She wrote a picture book, Firebird, in which her character encourages a young African American ballerina. In a note at the end of the book, Misty tells readers to follow their dreams: “No matter what that dream is,” she writes, “you have the power to make it come true with hard work and dedication.”
21. When Misty Copeland began to learn ballet, she ________.
A. felt a sense of belonging immediately
B. joined the drill team and practiced actively
C. encountered many challenges but stuck to her dream
D encouraged others with similar problems and improved together
22. Which words can best describe Misty Copeland?
A. Determined and indifferent
B. Persistent and devoted
C. Diligent and pessimistic
D. Talented and traditional
23. What does the story intend to tell us?
A. Many hands make light work
B. One good turn deserves another
C. Diligence is the mother of success
D. A fall in a pit, a gain in your wit.
【答案】21.C 22.B 23.C
【分析】 短文讲了Misty Copeland 通过自己不懈努力成为芭蕾舞者的故事，激励人们要勇敢追随梦想。文章难度中等， 第2题需要根据文章来总结主人公的品质；第3题需要学生对这几个谚语要熟悉。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段She didn’t know anything about ballet, and she was older than most of the students. Even though Misty felt discouraged, she didn't quit. 可知作者在学芭蕾的时候遇到了很多困难，但都没有放弃, 故选C。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文得知，作者是个坚持不放弃梦想，忠诚于自己喜欢事业的人，故选B。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。这个故事的目的是想要告诉我们勤奋是成功之母，故选C。A的意思是众人拾柴火焰高；B的意思是善有善报。D的意思是吃一堑，长一智。
B
When an editor called to ask if I could photograph a story about fireflies in Mexico, I didn’t check my schedule before I said yes. I’d seen these insects light up the forests in Tlaxcala once before, and I jumped at the chance to go back.
While studying, I began exploring Mexico, crossing the country several times by bus. Now I work as a photojournalist in Mexico and along the border, documenting desperate situations that face everyday Mexicans. Though necessary and important, news stories don’t reflect the Mexico that I fell for and that is home to so many people I love. A task focused on the country’s natural beauty was a welcome reprieve for me.
I had three nights to film the magical scene in the forest. According to our guides, visitors are usually not allowed to photograph the fireflies because the presence of artificial light from electronics can affect their habits. As I started shooting, I adjusted my exposures constantly to account for the fading light. In order to get the composition that I wanted, I placed my tripod on a steep, rocky path and had to steady: it during the long exposures. Normally this wouldn’t be a big deal, but the fireflies were very interested in the camera and by extension in me. I stood completely still while they were all over me—my arms, my hair, my face. From what I observed, peak fireflies presence lasts for only about 20 minutes each night, so I had time for just a few tries.
On the last night everything came together. The weather cooperated. I had improved my method " for focusing and composing photos in the dark with quick flashes from a powerful flashlight--and I’d grown accustomed to insects on my face.
I was rewarded with the image you see here. Each dot of light is one of several bursts that a firefly makes as it travels within a 30-second exposure. You can track the insects paths: Some make small circles, like those in the bottom center of the frame, while others move steadily in one direction or another.
24．How did the author feel about the editor’s request?
A．Nervous. B．Overjoyed. C．Confused. D．Regretful.
25．What can best replace the underlined word “reprieve” in Paragraph 2?
A．Memory. B．Idea. C．Victory. D．Relief.
26．During the first two nights, the author intended to______.
A．find the suitable spot and time to take photos B．learn about the local travel rules
C．research the habit of the fireflies D．communicate constantly with the guides
27．Why did the author write this article?
A．To tell findings about fireflies. B．To record a travelling experience.
C．To show the working conditions. D．To share the story behind a photo.

【答案】24．B 25．D 26．A 27．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一个专业摄影师，受一位编辑之托，前去拍摄一篇关于墨西哥萤火虫的报道，介绍了他拍摄的一张关于萤火虫照片背后的故事。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When an editor called to ask if I could photograph a story about fireflies in Mexico, I didn’t check my schedule before I said yes. I’d seen these insects light up the forests in Tlaxcala once before, and I jumped at the chance to go back. (当一位编辑打电话来问我是否可以为一篇关于墨西哥萤火虫的报道拍照时，我没有查看我的日程安排就答应了。我曾经见过这些昆虫照亮特拉斯卡拉的森林，我欣然接受了回去的机会)”可知，作者没有确认自己的行程就一口答应编辑的请求，由此推知，他很乐意、高兴、激动或者迫不及待地接受了这个请求。故选B。
【25题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Now I work as a photojournalist in Mexico and along the border, documenting desperate situations that face everyday Mexicans. Though necessary and important, news stories don’t reflect the Mexico that I fell for and that is home to so many people I love. (现在我是一名摄影记者，在墨西哥和边境沿线工作，记录墨西哥人每天面临的绝望处境。尽管这是必要和重要的，但新闻报道并没有反映出我深爱的墨西哥，那里有那么多我爱的人)”可知，作者作为摄影记者在墨西哥工作，记录着墨西哥人每天都面临的危险状况，而这样的新闻反映不出作者喜欢的墨西哥。现在有这样一个关注墨西哥自然美的工作机全，对作者来说是一个让他开心的缓解机会。故画线词意思为“缓解”。A. Memory.记忆；B. Idea.主意；C. Victory.胜利；D. Relief.缓解。故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“In order to get the composition that I wanted, I placed my tripod on a steep, rocky path and had to steady: it during the long exposures.(为了得到我想要的构图，我把我的三脚架放在一条陡峭、多岩石的小路上，在长时间曝光时必须使它保持稳定)”以及“From what I observed, peak fireflies presence lasts for only about 20 minutes each night, so I had time for just a few tries.(据我观察，萤火虫出现的峰值每晚只持续20分钟，所以我只有时间尝试几次)”可知，前两天晚上，作者想找个合适的地点和时间拍照。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章内容，尤其是最后一段第一句“I was rewarded with the image you see here(我得到了你们在这里看到的图像)”结合短文叙述了作者是一个专业摄影师，受一位编辑之托，前去拍摄一篇关于墨西哥萤火虫的报道，介绍了他拍摄的一张关于萤火虫照片背的故事。可知，本篇文章的目的是向读者介绍作者拍摄的照片背后的故事，故选D。

C
Standing in line for the latest iPhone at the Apple store, queueing for tickets to Wimbledon or even just waiting at the post office might just have got a lot easier. Japanese car- maker Nissan announces that it has just the thing to relieve the painful legs of tired queuers.
The new system of “self-driving,” chairs is designed to detect when someone at the front of the queue is called, and automatically move everyone else one step forward in line. The new invention is shown off in a company video, which shows a busy restaurant with customers waiting outside.
In the video, diners are sitting in a row of chairs, but will not have to stand when the next hungry diner is called to a table. Instead; the chairs, equipped with autonomous technology that detects the seat ahead, move along a path toward the front of the line. When the person at the front of the queue is called, the empty chair at the front can sense it is empty and so moves out of pole position. Cameras on the remaining chairs then sense the m07yfement and follow automatically.
The system, which is similar to the kin used in Nissan's autonomous vehicle technology, will be tested at select restaurants in Japan this year, Nissan said. It appeals to anyone who has queued for hours outside a crowded restaurant: it eliminates the boredom and physical pain of standing in line," Nissan added.
Although Tokyo has some 160,000 restaurants, long queues are not uncommon. Chosen restaurants that meet the criteria will be able to show the chairs outside their restaurants next year. Nissan also released a short video showing the chairs being used in an art gallery, moving slowly in front of the various paintings to let viewers appreciate the art without the need to stand up.
28．What can we know about the “self-driving" chairs from the passage?
A．They are in hot demand like iPhones.
B．They are intended for queueing diners.
C．They are the invention of a car company.
D．They are completely different, from vehicle technology.
29．What enables the chairs to detect the seat ahead?
A．Pole position.
B．Autonomous technology.
C．Cameras equipped on them.
D．Sensors equipped along the path.
30．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “eliminates” in Paragraph 4?
A．rids B．ignores C．steals D．hides
31．What can Joe inferred from the last two paragraphs?
A．Queueing is a rare scene outside Japanese restaurants.
B．“Self-driving" chairs are the most useful in art galleries.
C．Japanese people prefer eating in restaurants to at home.
D．"Self-driving" chairs haven' t, been in official use in restaurants.
【答案】28．C 29．B 30．A 31．D
【分析】文章介绍了一种能消除长时间排队带来的无聊和身体上痛苦的一种新型发明装置“Self-driving ” chairs及其具体使用。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段Japanese car-maker Nissan announces that it has just the thing to relieve the painful legs of tired queuers.可知C项正确；根据第二段The new system of 'self-driving' chairs is designed to detect when someone at the front of the queue is called, and automatically move everyone else one step forward in line.可知A、B两项错误；根据第四段The system, which is similar to the kind used in Nissan's autonomous vehicle technology,可知D错误。故选C.
【29题详解】
细节推理题。根据第三段the chairs, equipped with autonomous technology that detects the seat ahead, move along a path toward the front of the line.可知B正确，故选B.
【30题详解】
猜测词义题。划线词所在的句子指这种装置能消除排队带来的无聊和身体上的痛苦，划线词语eliminate“消除”，与A项同义，故选A.
【31题详解】
推理判断题。最后两段讲的是“Self-driving ” chairs的具体运用，根据Chosen restaurants that meet the criteria will be able to show the chairs outside their restaurant next year.可知这种椅子还没有被正式在饭店使用，故选D.

D
A company called Compass Pools has some good news for height and swimming enthusiasts. Recently, the company announced their novel design-a first of its kind 360-degree pool which is set to be placed on a skyscraper in London. The Infinity London will be the first and only building in the world to include this cutting-edge pool design. The pool will be laid on top of a 55-story skyscraper and will allow people to float over 200 meters above the London skyline with unobstructed（无障碍）views of the city.
The entrance to the pool is hidden. People began to raise questions about how anyone would get inside the pool. Compass Pools explains: "Swimmers will access the pool through a rotating spiral（螺旋）staircase based on the door of a submarine, rising from the pool floor when someone wants to get in or out."
But that is not the only unique technology of the pool. The designers found a way to make sure the wind doesn't blow the water down to the streets. They included a built-in anemometer（风力计）to monitor the wind speed. It is linked to a computer-controlled building management system which will also take care of the temperature of the water.
Alex Kemsley promises that this unique pool will surpass expectations. "Swimming in the SkyPool at The Shard，it's quite a strange feeling to have helicopters flying past at your level but this pool takes it a step further," he says. "Putting your goggles（防水镜）on and with a 360-degree view of London from 220m up, it really will be something else-but it's definitely not one for the acrophobic（恐高）!"
While the exact date of the construction is not clear yet, if things go well, it may begin in 2020.The location has yet to be confirmed too.
32．What can we learn from the first paragraph? ______
A．The Infinity London is the only building to swim in.
B．Swimmers can enjoy the views of London in the poo1.
C．The pool is located on the first floor of a skyscraper.
D．Compass Pools has built many 360-degree pools in the world.
33．What does the underlined word "that" in Paragraph 3 refer to? ______
A．The pool floor.
B．A built-in anemometer.
C．The door of a submarine.
D．The entrance to the poo1.
34．Who might not be suitable to swim in the SkyPool? ______
A．People who enjoy flying.
B．People who lose weight.
C．People who fear heights.
D．People who have poor sight.
35．What can we know about the SkyPool at The Shard? ______
A．It is not certain when people can swim in it.
B．Its exact location of the construction is clear.
C．Swimmers can expect its designs easily.
D．It's impossible to monitor the temperature of the water.
【答案】 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。一家名为Compass Pools的公司为攀高和游泳爱好者带来了一些好消息。最近，该公司宣布了他们的新设计：一个360度游泳池。它将被安置在伦敦的摩天大楼上，文章介绍了它的两个创新点以及令人惊叹之处。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段的句子The pool will be laid on top of a 55-story skyscraper and will allow people to float over 200 meters above the London skyline with unobstructed（无障碍）views of the city. （游泳池将建在一座55层的摩天大楼上，人们可以在超过200米高的伦敦摩天大楼上面游泳，并且可以无障碍的欣赏城市风景）可知，游泳的人可以在游泳池里欣赏伦敦的景色。故选B。
【33题详解】
词义猜测题。划线单词所在句子意思为：但这并不是游泳池唯一的独特技术。且划线单词位于段首句，所以我们应从上段中找出它指代的是什么。根据文章第二段的句子The entrance to the pool is hidden.People began to raise questions about how anyone would get inside the poo1.（泳池的入口是隐蔽的。人们开始对如何进入泳池提出问题。）可知，文章第二段解释的是泳池入口的问题。所以“that”指的是“游泳池的入口”。故选D。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的句子“Putting your goggles（防水镜）on and with a 360-degree view of London from 220m up，it really will be something else-but it's definitely not one for the acrophobic!在220米的高处戴上防水镜，360度浏览伦敦的风景，是很酷的---但是它真的不适合恐高的人。）”可知，恐高的人不适合在游泳池里面游泳。故选C。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的句子“While the exact date of the construction is not clear yet, if things go well, it may begin in 2020. （具体的施工日期还不确定，如果事情进展顺利的话，可能在2020年开始）”可知，人们什么时候可以在里面游泳还不确定。故选A。

第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The ancient Chinese game Go is considered one of the most complicated strategy games. Winning the game was seen as a test of human creativity. That is, until a machine found a way to do it better. Alpha Go, an artificial intelligence (AI) machine built by Google, won its first match against South Korean Lee Sedol on March 9. Still digesting his loss, Lee said during the post-game press conference, “___36___.”
But that was just the beginning. In the following week, Alpha Go outperformed Lee in another three matches. ___37___.
Some people have been arguing that AI is harmful to the human race. ___38___. Similarly, UK scientist Stephen Hawking once warned that the “development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race”.
So are we really on the verge(边缘)of living in the world shown in the Terminator(终结者) sci-fimovies? “Not quite,” answered The Economist. After all, it’s hard to get computers to apply their knowledge to everyday situations. “___39___.” Thomas Johnson said, founder of an AI toy company. “But for a robot, to walk up and down hills requires so many complicated decisions to be made in real time, and it’s really difficult to do.”
As The Economist put it: “We have a long way to go before AI’s abilities truly begin to approach the human brain, despite how powerful the technology can be when focusing on a single task.”
Meanwhile, John Mark off of The New York Times argued that researchers should build artificial intelligence that aims for “intelligence augmentation (增加)” (IA) in which computers make people more effective.
He wrote: “___40___. Since technology depends on the values of its creators, we can make choices using technology to improve the world.”
A. Many robots fell over like little kids learning to walk.
B. We take for granted things like balance and vision.
C. Eventually, our fate is in our own hands.
D. So what is next for AI and humanity?
E. That made the five-match score 4-1 in favor of Alpha Go.
F. In 2014, US businessman Elon Musk said at an MIT conference that developing the technology is calling up a “demon(魔鬼)”.
G. I am in shock; I admit that.
【答案】36. G 37. E 38. F 39. B 40. C
【分析】本文是说明文。讲述了机器人AlphaGo打败围棋高手并引发的思考。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Still digesting his loss, Lee said during the post-game press conference,( 赛后Lee Sedol一直在分析他的失败，在赛后新闻发布会上说)”可知，赛后Sedol在分析，不敢相信自己输了比赛，因此推断 “我很震惊，我承认失败了”。故选G。
【37题详解】
根据上文In the following week, Alpha Go outperformed Lee in another three matches.( 在接下来的一周里，阿尔法戈在另外三场比赛中的表现优于李)，因此推断5盘棋，最终Alpha Go以4:1赢得比赛。故选E。
【38题详解】
根据上句“Some people have been arguing that AI is harmful to the human race.( 一些人一直认为人工智能对人类有害)”以及下文“Similarly, UK scientist Stephen Hawking once warned that the “development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race(同样，英国的科学家Stephen Hawking曾警告说，全人工智能的发展可能会带来人类的终结)”可推断，讲述人们对人工智能的否定，F项2014，美国商人Elon Musk在麻省理工学院的会议上说，技术的发展是一个“召唤恶魔（魔鬼）”符合语境。故选F。
【39题详解】
根据上文“After all, it’s hard to get computers to apply their knowledge to everyday situations.(毕竟，很难让计算机把他们的知识运用到日常生活中)，但是人们想当然幻想达到一种平衡。故选B。
【40题详解】
根据后文“Since technology depends on the values of its creators, we can make choices using technology to improve the world.(由于技术取决于其创造者的价值，我们可以选择使用技术来改善世界)”可知，我们可以选择技术改善世界，因此命运掌握在我们自己手里。故选C。

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
She is over a century old, but she hasn't let that stop her from working. At 102,Romay Davis___41___ drives herself to the grocery store each day for ___42___ .
Now, during Black History Month, Davis is being honored for her___43___with a grant（拨款）be named after her. Through the Romay Davis Grant Program, charities will receive ___44___ in the fight for racial equality and social ___45___. Davis is ___46___ of the grant in her name as she is a pioneer herself. She served in the first all-Black Women Army ___47___ overseas during World War II. Then after the war, she started her ___48___ in fashion as a designer in model in New York for 30 years. Throughout her life, she 's also ___49___ other milestones including a master 's degree, Black Belt in Taekwondo（跆拳道）and more. She ___50___ for the first time in 1982.After her husband died in 2001,she ___51___ to go back to work and was ___52___by the grocery store in Winn-Dixiein 2001 at the age of82.In 2019.Romay ___53___ her 100th birthday." As we celebrate Ms. Romay, we are all moved by her life-long ___54___ and strong work ethic（职业道德）, which ___55___ others to be their best," said Anthony Hucker, CEO of Winn-Dixie, Southeastern Grocers.
41. A. often B. still C. skillfully D. yet
42. A. work B. shopping C. pleasure D. fun
43. A. jobs B. ages C. stores D. contributions
44. A. criticism B. support C. benefit D. information
45. A. justice B. skill C. life D. development
46. A. fond B. aware C. worthy D. sure
47. A. required B. rooted C. organized D. stationed
48. A. style B. career C. study D. adventure
49. A. missed B. found C. planned D. achieved
50. A. fought B. pursued C. retired D. failed
51. A. refused B. feared C. mentioned D. decided
52. A. hired B. met C. paid D. offered
53. A. celebrated B. passed C. interviewed D. employed
54. A. sympathy B. independence C. devotion D. dream
55. A. reminds B. inspires C. advises D. leads
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. C 47. D 48. B 49. D 50. C 51. D 52. A 53. A 54. C 55. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了Romay Davis个人经历以及所取得的成就，她激励着其他人做到最好。
【41题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：102岁的Romay Davis仍然每天自己开车去杂货店工作。A. often经常；B. still仍然；C. skillfully熟练地；D. yet 但是。根据下文“but she hasn 't let that stop her from working”可知，102岁的Romay Davis仍然每天自己开车去杂货店工作。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：102岁的Romay Davis仍然每天自己开车去杂货店工作。A. work工作；B. shopping购物；C. pleasure快乐； D. fun乐。根据下文“but she hasn 't let that stop her from working”以及“go back to work and was ___52___ by the grocery store in Winn-Dixiein 2001 at the age of82”可知，102岁的Romay Davis仍然每天自己开车去杂货店工作。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，在黑人历史月，Davis因她的贡献而受到表彰，一项拨款以她的名字命名。 A. jobs工作；B. ages年龄；C. stores 商店； D. contributions贡献。根据“Davis is being honored for her”以及“she is a pioneer herself”可知，Davis因她的贡献而受到表彰。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过Romay Davis赠款计划，慈善机构将在争取种族平等和社会正义的斗争中获得支持。 A. criticism批评；B. support支持；C.benefit益处；D.information信息。根据“Through the Romay Davis Grant Program”可知，慈善机构获得支持。故选B项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过Romay Davis赠款计划，慈善机构将在争取种族平等和社会正义的斗争中获得支持。A. justice公平；B. skill技能；C. life生活； D. development发展。根据“racial equality”可知，慈善机构将在争取种族平等和社会正义的斗争中获得支持。故选A项。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Davis 名副其实，因为她自己就是个先锋。A. fond喜欢的； B. aware有意识的；C. worthy值得的；D. sure确定的。根据“as she is a pioneer herself”可知，Davis 名副其实。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二次世界大战期间，她在第一支驻扎于海外的全黑人女兵部队服役。A. required要求； B.rooted根植于；C.organized组织；D.stationed使驻扎。根据“overseas during World War II.”可知，她在第一支驻扎于海外的全黑人女兵部队服役。故选D项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：战后，她开始了自己的时尚生涯，在纽约当了30年的模特设计师。A. style风格；B. career职业；C. study学习； D. adventure冒险。根据“as a designer in model in New York for 30 years.”可知，，她开始了自己的时尚生涯。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她的一生中，她还取得了其他里程碑式的成就，包括硕士学位、跆拳道黑带等。A. missed错过；B. found发现；C.planned 计划；D.achieved完成，获得。根据“including a master 's degree,Black Belt in Taekwondo（跆拳道）and more.”可知，在她的一生中，她还取得了其他里程碑式的成就。故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在1982年第一次退休。A. fought打仗；B. pursued 追求；C. retired 退休；D. failed失败。根据下文“go back to work”可知，她在1982年第一次退休。故选C项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2001年丈夫去世后，她决定重返工作岗位，并于2001年在82岁时受雇于Winn-Dixiein的一家杂货店。A. refused拒绝； B. feared 害怕；C.mentioned 提及；D.decided决定。根据上文“After her husband died in 2001”可知，2001年丈夫去世后，她决定重返工作岗位。故选D项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2001年丈夫去世后，她决定重返工作岗位，并于2001年在82岁时受雇于Winn-Dixiein的一家杂货店。A. hired雇佣；B. met见面；C. paid支付；D. offered提供。根据上文“go back to work”可知，她于2001年在82岁时受雇于Winn-Dixiein的一家杂货店。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在2019年，Romay Davis庆祝了她的100岁生日。A. celebrated庆祝； B.passe通过；C.interviewed面试；D.employed雇佣。根据下文“celebrate”可知，Romay Davis庆祝了她的100岁生日。故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都被她毕生的奉献精神和强烈的职业道德所感动，她激励其他人做到最好。A. sympathy同情； B. independence独立； C.devotion热爱；D.dream梦想。根据下文“strong work ethic（职业道德）”以及上文“contributions”可知，我们都被她毕生的奉献精神和强烈的职业道德所感动。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都被她毕生的奉献精神和强烈的职业道德所感动，她激励其他人做到最好。A. reminds提醒；B. inspires鼓励；C. advises 建议；D. leads引导。根据上文“we are all moved”可知，她激励其他人做到最好。故选B项。

第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is the world's largest center of goods-making and the world's largest exporter of goods. Chinese agriculture not only helps feed___56___ (develop) places but also helps feed other major world powers. China has helped many___57___ (Europe), South American and North African countries deal with the economic crisis(经济危机).
China, ___58___has grown fast over the past decade, is now the largest economy outside the group of developed___59___ (country). China, in particular, is in the news every day. Generally, it___60___ (see)as one of the world's major economic powers. China's economy is twice larger than that of Brazil, India, and Russia, with___61___huge population, four times that of the US. Over the past 20 years, China has grown___62___ (rapid).
I am very proud___63___ (be) here in China and to have a great community of Chinese and foreigner, I hope one day, will he able to contribute___64___the development of the world's economic and scientific research. This one year of my life was amazing. I hope the coming days will be more exciting and at every step of my life. I___65___ (learn)something new and interesting.
【答案】56．developing 57．European 58．which 59．countries 60．is seen 61．a 62．rapidly 63．to be 64．to 65．will/can learn
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了中国的飞速发展，和“我”在中国生活的诸多愿景。
【56题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国农业不仅有助于养活发展中地区，而且还有助于养活世界其他主要大国。分析句子可知，place是名词，应使用形容词性成分作定语修饰限定place，结合常识可知，养活的是发展中国家，因此使用developing作定语意为“发展中的”。故填developing。
【57题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国帮助许多欧洲，南美和北非国家应对经济危机。分析句子可知，countries是名词，应使用形容词性成分作定语修饰限定名词countries，因此使用Europe的形容词形式European。故填European。
【58题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在过去十年中发展迅速的中国，如今已成为发达国家以外最大的经济体。分析句子可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是China在从句中作主语，因此使用联系词which引导非限定性定语从句。故填which。
【59题详解】
分析句子可知，由“of+名词”构成的后置定语所修饰的名词为the group，因此此处country使用复数形式。故填countries。
【60题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：通常，它被视为世界主要经济强国之一。分析句子可知，“be seen as”是固定搭配意为“被视为”，符合本句语境。故填is seen。
【61题详解】
考查冠词。句意：中国的经济规模是巴西，印度和俄罗斯的两倍，人口众多，是美国的四倍。分析句子可知，此处表示泛指大量人口，且在文中第一次出现，因此使用不定冠词a限定huge population。故填a。
【62题详解】
考查副词。句意：在过去的20年中，中国飞速发展。分析句子可知，此处使用副词性成分修饰限定动词has grown，因此使用rapid的副词形式rapidly。故填rapidly。
【63题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：我很荣幸能来到中国，生活在一个庞大的中国人和外国人社区，我希望有一天能够为世界经济和科学研究的发展做出贡献。分析句子可知，“be proud to do”是固定搭配意为“做某事是自豪的”，符合本句语境。故填to be。
【64题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：我很荣幸能来到中国，生活在一个庞大的中国人和外国人社区，我希望有一天能够为世界经济和科学研究的发展做出贡献。分析句子可知，“contribute to”是固定搭配，意为“对......做贡献”，符合本句语境。故填to。
【65题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：我会学到一些新鲜有趣的东西。分析句子可知，此处表示意愿，意为“我将学会”，使用情态动词will表意愿的用法，切合本句语境。故填will/can learn。

第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假如你是李华, 现因公司货品质量问题给Johnson写一封道歉信。要点如下：
1.表示要查漏补缺, 改进提高；
2.提出补救办法；
3.表明决心和意愿。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯；
3.开头语已为你写好, 不计入总词数。
Dear Mr. Johnson,
First of all, thank you for informing us of the quality issue. I sincerely apologize to you for our failure to provide you with satisfactory products.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Mr. Johnson,
First of all, thank you for informing us of the quality issue. I sincerely apologize to you for our failure to provide you with satisfactory products.
We'll study the problem, find out the cause of it, and try to avoid the same bad thing. We assure you that we will provide you with a free replacement of the one you bought. Mr. Lee of our Business Department will contact you as soon as possible.
We hope you understand that this is just an accidental event, and we will try to continually improve our product quality. We cherish the establishment of a lasting friendship with you. At the same time, we will also continue to work hard to provide high-quality and affordable products and better after-sales service for you.
I sincerely apologize again for the trouble this has caused you.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。要求写一封道歉信，就公司货品质量问题给Johnson道歉。
【详解】
1.道歉信主要是向收信人表明歉意，请求对方原谅自己的过失。写道歉信时要明确不是在找借口为自己辩护，而是承认自己的过错并提出弥补过错的具体建议和方法。此类信件的关键是语言要诚挚，解释的理由要真实。
2.在写作时可以根据提示的要点按照三段式的模式谋篇布局：
首段：表明自己做错了事，表示歉意；主体段落：提出作为弥补的可行措施，措施要具体、合理；结尾段：再次表明承认错误的态度，请求收信人的谅解。

第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Devi looked through the observation window at the kids below, all waiting in line to get into the pool. She turned to her mother with a furious frown on her face. “Mom, they’re all little kids! I’m 15 already! This is ridiculous!”
“I know, Devi,” replied her mother, “but you’re a beginner, too, and you have to start somewhere!”
Devi had never been to a swimming lesson in her life. Between schoolwork and helping on her grandfather’s farm, she hadn’t had time for lessons. The closest swimming pool Devi had been to was the alligator pool her mother bought her when she was five. Now that Devi was older, her mother had found a new job in the city, and Devi faced a new challenge—school field trips to the local pool.
The first day that Devi went with her class to the pool, she had no idea what she was in for. What could be so difficult about swimming? Devi confidently slipped into the water and held onto the side of the pool, expecting to be able to touch the bottom with her feet. But when Devi let go of the side of the pool, she slipped under the water—the whole pool was one big deep end! Devi threw her arm toward the side of the pool and grabbed the ledge (池壁), out of breath. “I really can’t swim! Everyone’s going to laugh at me!” she thought to herself in a panic.
On the next field trip to the pool, Devi sat on the side on a bench, paralyzed with fear. She huddled with a towel over her shoulders, too embarrassed to try again. When she came home, her mother noticed right away that Devi was upset. “Honey, I’ve signed you up for Angela’s swimming lessons at the local pool. Soon you’ll learn how to swim just like everyone else,” she assured Devi, showing photos of Angela with her prize-winning students.
注意：
1、续写词数应为150左右；
2、请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Then came the time for Devi to take her first lesson.

Paragraph 2:
Soon Angela came over to where Devi sat and introduced herself.

【参考范文】
Paragraph 1:
Then came the time for Devi to take her first lesson. She dragged her feet to the side of the pool and sat down, in doubt whether lessons would be helpful. Scanning around, Devi spotted her instructor across the pool, together with the little kids who jumped into the water like fish leaping into the ocean. She watched in amazement. Envious as Devi was, a flush of embarrassment soon crept to her cheeks when a little girl passed by, asking her not to be scared. How embarrassing! She hung her head.
Paragraph 2:
Soon Angela came over to where Devi sat and introduced herself. Devi was astonished to be made aware that Angela had never learned swimming until she was 20. Greatly inspired, Devi now regained hope. She entered the pool a second time in the company of Angela, several cheerful kids floating near to cheer her on. Devi began to feel more at ease, her movement less stiff and her breath more even. With a grateful heart, Devi realized that she might not be a fearless swimmer, but she would sure have fun trying.

词汇巩固专练：介词
1. Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans to retire ______ her 36-year-old business.
【参考答案】
考查介词。句意：拿着她的“终身成就”奖，自豪的艾琳宣布她没有计划从她36年的生意退休。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“retire from”，意为“从……退休”，应用介词from。故填from。
2. Thanks______ his way of treating, many patients began to get better. Zhong finally won people's trust.
【参考答案】
考查介词。根据短语thanks to表示“幸亏，由于”。故填to。
3. The Chinese calculator’s name is “suanpan”, but it is known ______ “abacus” in English. Invented by Liu Hong, abacus is one of the symbols of Chinese people’s wisdom dating back to the 12th century.
【参考答案】
考查介词。句意：中国计算器的名字叫“算盘”，但在英语中它被称为“abacus”。短语be known as“被称为；被认为是”，故填as。
4. The flowing water joins here to form it. ______ average, the evaporation (蒸发) there is more than 60 times that of the annual rainfall.
【参考答案】
考查介词。句意：平均来说，那里的蒸发量是年降雨量的60倍。on an average“平均而言”为固定短语，设空处处于句首，所以首字母大学。故填On。
5. ______ Xiongan aiming to become a "smart, green and residents-friendly" city that faces the future, the Xiongan Railway Station, the landmark of the area, resembles a model for such a future.
【参考答案】
考查介词。句意：雄安的目标是成为一个面向未来的“智慧、绿色和居民友好型”城市，雄安火车站作为该地区的标志性建筑，类似这样一个未来的典范。此处为with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填With。
6. On March 2, when the 27-year-old Chinese striker (前锋) helped his team to a 3-1 win ______ Real Valladolid, Wu became the first player from an Asian country to score a goal in Spain's top league.
【参考答案】
考查介词。句意：3月2日，当这位27岁的中国前锋帮助他的球队以3-1战胜皇家瓦拉多利德时，吴成为首位在西班牙顶级联赛中进球的亚洲国家球员。根据句意可知，此处使用介词over表示“胜过，比……更好”。故填over。
7. However, the pretty princess fell in love ______ dancing.
【参考答案】
考查介词。句意：然而，美丽的公主爱上了跳舞。fall in love with意为“爱上……”，为固定短语。故填with。
8. While it is deeply rooted in Chinese culture, Shanghai has also moved ______the times and become a modern metropolis From doing sports and running on Bund to traditional Chinese art or modern Western art museums, every activity is feasible in Shanghai.
【参考答案】
考查介词。句意：在深深扎根于中国文化的同时，上海也与时俱进，成为一座现代化的大都市。表示“随着……变化”为短语move with。故填with。
9. The recovery team would do an initial processing of the capsule and then use a plane to transport it ______ Beijing, where it would be opened for technicians to remove the container holding lunar samples, then administration said.
【参考答案】
考查介词。句意同上。固定搭配：transport sth. to sp.“把某物运送到某地”。故填to。
10. Newey delivers pizzas about 30 hours a week. He started the job after realizing he couldn't live just only ______social security.
【参考答案】
考查固定短语。句意：他意识到不能仅仅靠社会保险生活后，就开始了这项工作。“live on ”表示“靠……生活”，是固定短语，故填on。
11. When the sun, moon and the earth are ______a straight line, there will be an eclipse, so that the moon completely blocks the sun.
【参考答案】
考查介词。句意：当太阳、月亮和地球在一条直线上时，就会发生日食，使月亮完全遮住太阳。结合句意表示“在一条直线上”可知短语为in a straight line。故填in。
12. ______ China’s “mother river”, the peace and ecological environment of the Yellow River is significant to the sustainable development of Chinese nation.
【参考答案】
考查介词。句意：黄河作为中国的“母亲河”，其和平与生态环境对中华民族的可持续发展具有重要意义。黄河是中国的“母亲河”，所以此处表示“作为”，可用介词as。故填As。
13. Because hearing loss is typically considered a health problem for the elderly, it is difficult to convince already stubborn teenagers that they really are doing damage ______ their ears.
【参考答案】
考查介词。句意：听力损失是一个典型的老年人问题，因此很难说服顽固青少年他们正在损害自己的耳朵。本句为固定短语do damage to sth 损害某物，故用to。
14. As the 37． (three) solar term in the lunar year, its name suggests the fact that animals sleeping in winter are awakened 39． spring thunder and that the earth begins to come back to life.
【参考答案】
37．考查序数词。根据句意可知，这里表示“第三”，故用序数词。句意：作为农历的第三个节气。故填third。
39．考查介词。介词by表示“被”。句意：它的名字表明着冬眠的动物被春雷唤醒，大地上万物复苏。故填by。
15. The 40-year-old woman, who used to be a farmer and housewife, is now admired in her hometown______ her great success in boosting sales of farm produce.
【参考答案】
考查介词。句意：这位40岁的妇女曾是一名农民和家庭主妇，现在在家乡很受人尊敬，因为她在促进农产品销售方面取得了巨大成功。结合句意表示“因……受人尊敬”可知短语为be admired for。故填for。
16. Many of us are turning ______ activities like skipping with an old rope, or watching one of the many ‘times experts’ who produce exercise videos online.
【参考答案】
考查固定搭配和介词。句意：我们中的许多人正转向诸如用旧绳子跳绳之类的活动，或者观看许多在线制作锻炼视频的“时代专家”之一。turn to意为“求助于，转向”，为固定搭配。故填to。
17. The art of tea extended to its fancy containers, which are ______ display at the museum. Gracefully rounded kettles date back 5,000 years; tea bowls from the Tang Dynasty have a beautiful simplicity.
【参考答案】
考查介词。句意：茶的艺术延伸到其别致的容器，这些容器正在博物馆中展出。结合句意表示“在展出”可知短语为be on display。故填on。
18. Many athletes had mixed feelings ______ the delay.
【参考答案】
考查介词。句意：许多运动员对比赛的延迟有着复杂的感受。分析句意，根据固定搭配 have a…feeling/feelings for / about 译为“对……有怎样的感觉”。故填for/ about。
19. In many Asian, African and Latin American cultures, extended eye contact is impolite and it is thought of ______ an offensive or a challenge of authority.
【参考答案】
考查介词。句意：在很多亚洲、非洲和拉丁美洲的文化中，过度的眼神接触被认为是不礼貌的，它被认为是一种冒犯或对权威的挑战。根据句意可知，此处为固定搭配think of...as“把......看作”的被动形式be thought of as。故填as。
20. By training intensively, Liang broke his way______ victory and won the 45th WSC．
【参考答案】
考查介词。句意：通过高强度的训练，梁取得了胜利，并获得了第45届WSC的冠军。结合句意表示“取得胜利”可知短语为break one's way to victory。故填to。