2021学年Unit 2 Making a difference导学案

这是一份2021学年Unit 2 Making a difference导学案，共4页。

表语从句
[观察例句]
观察下列句子并指出黑体部分的语法作用
①My feeling is that they're ging t be big ne day.
②The questin is whether she will ffer t help me.
③China is n lnger what it used t be.
④This is what makes them s special.
⑤A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal f sausages，eggs and cffee.
⑥Frm space，the earth lks blue.This is because abut seventy­ne percent f its surface is cvered by water.
⑦It seemed as if/thugh the wrld were cming t an end!
⑧The reasn why I'm calling yu is that I want t invite yu t my birthday party.
以上句子均为表语从句，具体分析如下：
1．①⑧句是that引导的表语从句， that不充当句子成分。
2．由句②可知，表示“是否”时，用whether引导表语从句。
3．③④⑤句是连接代词或连接副词引导的表语从句。
4．because(如句⑥)，as if/thugh(如句⑦)也可以引导表语从句。
5．由句⑧可知，主语为名词reasn时，表语从句中的引导词要用that，而不用why。
[归纳用法]
一、表语从句的概述
在复合句中作表语的从句，叫作表语从句。它位于主句的系动词之后，对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。含有表语从句的复合句的一般结构为“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, seem, lk, sund, taste, feel, remain, appear等。另外，because, as if, as thugh, as, like等也可引导表语从句。
二、表语从句的引导词
1．从属连词：that, whether等；
2．连接代词：wh, what, which, whm, whse, whatever, whever, whmever, whichever等；
3．连接副词：when, where, hw, why, whenever, wherever, hwever等。
三、表语从句的类型
1．从属连词that, whether引导的表语从句
that，whether只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分。that无实义，一般不可省略，whether意为“是否”，不能换成if(一般不用if引导表语从句)。
The truble is that he has lst his mney.
麻烦是他丢了钱。
The questin is whether we need mre ice cream.
问题是我们是否还需要一些冰激凌。
2．连接代词引导的表语从句
连接代词wh, what, which, whm, whse, whatever, whever, whmever, whichever等引导表语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语，连接代词不能省略。
The prblem was wh culd d the wrk.
问题是谁能做这项工作。
That's what he is wrrying abut.
那就是他在担心的事。
3．连接副词引导的表语从句
连接副词 when, where, hw, why, whenever, wherever, hwever等除在句子中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式或原因状语，本身具有词义。
G and get yur cat.It's where yu left it.
去把外套拿来，就在你原来放的地方。
I had neither a raincat nr an umbrella.That's why I gt wet thrugh.
我既没雨衣也没雨伞，这就是我淋湿的原因。
That is hw mice ruin many stres f grain every year.
那就是老鼠怎样每年损害大量粮食的。
[即学即练1] 用适当的关联词填空
①That's what accunted fr all its ht springs and ther steamy features.
②The questin is whether we can reduce the cst f the prduct.
③But the truth is that the hmeless are everywhere.
④What cncerns me mst is wh will be ur teacher next term.
⑤Why nt try yur luck dwntwn? That's where the best jbs are.
4．because/why引导的表语从句
because与why引导表语从句的区别：because引导的表语从句强调原因；why引导的表语从句强调结果。
That's because he didn't understand me.
那是因为他不理解我。
This is why I think my happiest days will be in the future.
这就是我认为自己最快乐的日子会在将来的原因。
—Yu lk tired.
—That may be because I didn't have a gd sleep last night.
——你看起来很累。
——那可能是因为我昨天晚上没睡好。
[名师点津] 如果主句主语是reasn，表语从句的连接词用that，不能用why或because。常见的句型为“The reasn why that ...”
The reasn why he came late is that he gt up late.(that不能换成because)
他迟到的原因是他起床晚了。
四、表语从句使用虚拟语气的情况
1．as if, as thugh 引导的表语从句可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。此类表语从句常跟在特定的动词后面，如seem, appear, lk, taste, sund, feel等。as if/as thugh引导的表语从句用虚拟语气时，如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”；如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“wuld/culd/might＋动词原形”。
Yu lk as if yu've had a gd time.(陈述语气)
你看起来好像玩得很开心。
They talked as if they had been gd friends fr years.(虚拟语气)
他们说起话来好像是多年的好朋友似的。
2．如果主句的主语是advice, demand, rder, suggestin, requirement, request, cmmand等时，表语从句用虚拟语气，动词形式为“(shuld)＋动词原形”。
The suggestin given by ur teacher is that we (shuld) practise reading English every day.
我们老师给的建议是我们应该每天练习读英语。
Her request is that the dctr (shuld) be sent fr at nce.
她要求立即派人请医生来。
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①When a pencil is partly in a glass f water, it lks as if it were (be) brken.
②My demand is that yu (shuld) get (get) up at six every mrning frm nw n.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The reasn fr yur mistake is that yu lack cnfidence in yurself.
2．That's what we shuld d at nce.
3．The dubt is wh has gt away with the dcument.
4．He lked as if/as thugh he was ill.
5．The best mment fr the ftball star was when he scred the winning gal.
6．The prblem is whether we can find them there.
7．This is where I dn't agree with yu.
8．The questin is hw we can get in tuch with him.
9．The prblem is wh will cme t replace her.
10．Tm left immediately.That's because he nly had 10 minutes t get t his next jb!
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
I read a reprt last night.The cntent was 1.that a lt f peple died in a traffic accident.But the reasn why I was sad is nt 2.that the accident caused great damage.What astnished me mst is 3.that sme babies lst their lives.That's 4.what I want t remind.Hwever, the prblem is 5.whether the gvernment has taken sme measures t deal with it and 6.hw we can help them.My suggestin is 7.that we shuld bey the traffic rules.That's 8.because we shuld be respnsible fr urselves, as well as thers.