2022年中考英语二轮复习第3讲《非谓语动词&主谓一致》精讲精练（含答案）

这是一份2022年中考英语二轮复习第3讲《非谓语动词&主谓一致》精讲精练（含答案），共12页。
一、非谓语动词
（一）含义：在句子中不作谓语的动词。
（二）分类：
（三）动名词 (v-ing)
_________(吸烟) isn’t allwed here. __________语
Eating t much is bad fr yur health.__________语
I like playing basketball very much.__________语
Stamps are used fr sending letters.__________语
His hbby is cllecting stamps. (= Cllecting stamps is his hbby.)__________语
She is in the reading rm.__________语
We shuld imprve ur teaching methds.__________语
初中常接动名词作宾语的动词或短语：_________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
wuld like, want, wish, hpe, decide, plan, expect, finish, enjy, mind, miss, be wrth, be busy, practice, have fun/truble/difficulty/prblems (in), spend (in), feel like, be used t (习惯于), cnsider, feel, hear, listen t, lk at, see, watch, ntice, let, make, have, get, keep, help, tell, ask, want, allw, get, wuld like, encurage
（四）动词不定式 (t d)
____________________(说英语) is nt easy fr me.__________语
My dream is t be a teacher. (= T be a teacher is my dream.)__________语
What sprts des he like t play?__________语
The teacher asked us t hand in hmewrk by Friday.__________语
My mther made me play the pian all the time.__________语
Have yu gt anything t say?__________语
I’m srry t hear that.__________语
I went t the library ____________________(学英语).__________语
I culdn’t decide which bag t buy yesterday.__________语
Culd yu please tell me hw t get t schl?__________语
初中常接动词不定式作宾语的动词：___________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
初中常接带t不定式作宾语补足语的动词：____________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
初中常接省t不定式作宾语补足语的动词：____________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
（五）分词 (现在分词：v-ing 过去分词：v-ed)
D yu knw the girl standing under the tree?__________语
D yu knw the by ________________ (叫Jhn) in yur class?__________语
The students went ut f the classrm, talking and laughing.__________语
Given anther chance, I will d it better.__________语
The by was t frightened t mve.__________语
The mvie was s exciting.__________语
Dn’t keep us waiting fr a lng time.__________语
I heard him singing in the classrm.__________语
He’ll have his hair cut after schl.__________语
初中常接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词：_______________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
初中常接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词：_______________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
（六）既可以接不定式，又可以接动名词作宾语的动词
差异比较大：stp t d stp ding
g n t d g n ding
frget t d frget ding
remember t d remember ding
try t dtry ding
regret t d regret ding
mean t dmean ding
（七）动名词(v-ing)作定语 VS 现在分词(v-ing)作定语
动名词作定语表示所修饰词的用途、所属关系等。现在分词作定语，其逻辑主语为其所修饰的词。
a reading rmtw walking sticks
a sleeping bag a passing ball (=a ball which is passing)
a crying by (=a by wh is crying)a sleeping by (= ________________________ )
（八）现在分词 VS 过去分词（了解）
在语态上，现在分词表示主动意义；过去分词表示被动意义
the surprising newsa surprised man
a mving filmthe mved peple
在时间上，现在分词表示正在进行的动作；过去分词表示已经完成的动作
the develping cuntrythe develped cuntry
the rising sunthe risen sun
二、主谓一致（详细内容请参考附录2）
三、倒装句
初中常见的倒装句型：
（一）there be句型
There is a cncert tnight.
（二）there, here, nw, then等副词放句首的句子
There cme the rest f the party. 剩下的人都来了。
There is the bell. 铃响了。
Here cmes a bus. 来了一辆公交车。
Nw cmes his turn. 现在轮到他了。
Then came the day f her examinatin. 这时她考试的日子到了。
（三）由s, neither, nr引导的句子
“s/nr/neither +情/助/系+主语”意为：“某人也(不)是(如此)”
—Tm wrks hard.
—S des Lily. (莉莉也是。)
—Tm desn’t wrk hard.
—Neither des Lily / Nr des Lily / (Lily neither). (莉莉也不。)
—I dn’t knw.
—Neither d I / Nr d I / (Me neither). (我也不知道。)
对比：“s +主语+情/助/系”意为：“是的，的确是这样”
—Tm wrks hard.
—S he des. (的确如此。)
【精讲精练】
一、找出下列句子中的动词，并指出其在句子中的成分
Teaching them small acts f kindness, such as letting smene else g thrugh a dr
first as they hld it pen, may seem unimprtant, but it can g a lng way tward helping
students realize hw t be plite and thank thers.
二、单项选择
Dn’t thrw away the waste paper. It needs ______ s that it can be reused.
A. t destryB. destryingC. t cllectD. cllecting
The little by pretended _______ when his mther came in.
A. sleeping B. asleepC. t asleep D. t be asleep
—Which dress d yu like best, Madam?
—Srry, I can’t decide _______ nw.
A. t buy which neB. buy which ne
C. which ne t buyD. which I shuld buy it
—Driving less, walking mre is gd fr ur health.
—S I’d rather _______ an hur’s walk t wrk than cnsider ______ a car.
A. take; drive B. take; t driveC. take; driving D. taking; driving
Everyne may feel time _______ very quickly when they d smething interesting.
A. g by B. t g by C. went by D. ges by
—Where’s yur brther nw, Bb?
—I saw him ______ in the street a mment ag and I tld him _______.
A. playing; dn’t d sB. playing; nt t d s
C. play; t d sD. play; nt t d s
The by is ften heard ______ in the music rm. He sings very well.
A. practice singingB. t practice singing
C. practiced singingD. t practicing singing
There was s much nise in the rm that the speaker culdn’t make himself ______.
A. heard B. hearing C. heared D. t hear
—Why dn’t yu g ut t play, Rse?
—I’m afraid I can’t. I have much hmewrk ______.
A. dB. desC. dingD. t d
At least 300 millin peple are using QQ ______ by Ma Huateng t chat nline.
A. createB. createsC. creatingD. created
He ften drinks tw cups f ______ water when he cmes back.
A. bilingB. bilC. biledD. bils
______ the huse n fire, he dialed 119.
A. T seeB. Seeing C. SeeD. Saw
—D yu climb muntains every day?
—Yes, ______ a little exercise. I’m s ut f shape.
A. gettingB. getC. gtD. t get
Vcabulary is imprtant t language learning. Therefre, yu’d better try different ways yu can think f ______ wrds and expressins.
A. rememberB. t rememberC. rememberingD. t remembering
D yu want t be healthy? _______. Smiling can help yu stay healthy.
A. SmileB. SmilingC. T smileD. Smiled
When the students were playing games n the playgrund, Jim suddenly stpped _______ and began t cry, s they stpped _______ what was wrng with him.
A. t play; seeingB. playing; t see
C. playing; seeingD. t play; t see
—Hw much ______ the pair f shes?
—Twenty dllars ______ enugh.
A. is; isB. is; areC. are; isD. are; are
I dn’t think the pr ______ pr.
A. are alwaysB. is alwaysC. always be D. will are
Sixty percent f the wrk _______ been dne.
A. haveB. isC. hasD. are
An expert, tgether with sme assistants, _______ t help in this wrk.
A. send B. were sent C. are sendingD. was sent
What they need _______ mre peple.
A. isB. areC. has D. have
Neither the headmaster nr the teachers _______ take a vacatin next week.
A. were ging tB. is ging t
C. was ging tD. are ging t
—My rm gets very cld at night.
—_______.
A. S is mine B. S mine is C. S des mine D. S mine des
—I’m nt ging swimming tmrrw afternn.
—_______. I have t clean up my bedrm.
A. S am I B. Neither am I C. Neither I amD. S I am
—Yu frgt yur purse when yu went ut.
—Gd heavens, _______.
A. s did I B. s I did C. I did s D. I s did
三、填空题
He prmised ______________ (see) his ld friend during his stay in Tianjin.
He lst his key. It made him ___________ (stay) in the cld t wait fr his wife’s return.
She’s nt strng enugh _____________ (g) walking up muntains.
The result f the test was rather ________________ (disappint).
The wrker and writer ___________ (be) frm Beijing.
【参考答案】
【知识点睛】
一、非谓语动词
（二）分类
动名词构成：v-ing 作用：作主语、宾语、表语、定语
动词不定式构成：(t) d作用：作除谓语外的任何成分
分词：现在分词；过去分词
构成：v-ing；v-ed 作用：作表语、补语、定语、状语
（三）动名词 （v-ing）
Smking；主语；主语；宾语；宾语；表语；定语；定语
初中常接动名词作宾语的动词或短语：
finish, enjy, mind, miss, be wrth, be busy, practice, spend…(in),
have fun/truble/prblems (in), feel like, be/get used t (习惯于), cnsider…
（四）动词不定式（t d）
T speak English；主语；表语；宾语；宾语补足语；宾语补足语；后置定语；
(原因)状语；t learn English；(目的)状语；宾语补足语；宾语补足语
初中常接动词不定式作宾语的动词：
wuld like, want, wish, hpe, decide, plan, expect, pretend…
初中常接带t不定式作宾语补足语的动词：
(help), tell, ask, want, allw, get, wuld like, encurage, invite, wish, expect…
初中常接省t不定式作宾语补足语的动词：
(help), let, make, have, feel, hear, listen t, bserve, see, watch, ntice, lk at…
（五）分词（现在分词：v-ing 过去分词：v-ed）
后置定语；called/named Jhn；后置定语；状语；状语；表语；表语；宾语补足语；
宾语补足语；宾语补足语
初中常接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词：
keep, hear, listen t, lk at, see, watch, ntice, feel, find, bserve, prevent…
初中常接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词：
get, have, make, keep, leave, want, need, see, watch, bserve, lk at, hear, listen t, feel, ntice, think…
（七）动名词(v-ing)作定语VS现在分词(v-ing)作定语
a by wh is sleeping
二、主谓一致（详细内容请参考附录2）
语法一致；意义一致；就近原则
【精讲精练】
一、本句是一个并列句
前面句子：主语：Teaching them small acts f kindness
谓语：seem
（such as引导同位语，同位语中含有as引导的时间状语从句。）
后面句子：主语：it
谓语：g
（tward和后面一起作的是定语。）
二、1—5：DDCCA 6—10：BBADD 11—15：CBDBA
16—20：BAACD21—25：ADCBB
三、26. t see 27. stay 28. t g 29. disappinting 30. is