2022年中考英语二轮复习第8讲《完形填空专题》精讲精练（含答案）

这是一份2022年中考英语二轮复习第8讲《完形填空专题》精讲精练（含答案），共9页。

一、命题特点
题型上来看：越来越降低了对单词本身词义及语法的考查，而注重上下文联系，主要考查学生运用英语基础知识的能力、上下文对照并捕捉关键词的能力、分析行文逻辑及文章的整体理解能力、结合语境分析推理的能力等。
体裁上来看：中考完形填空的体裁主要以记叙文为主，以叙为主，叙议结合，题材新颖。
二、做题步骤
第一步：___________，___________。完形填空题是一篇意思完整的短文，准确理解短文是解答此类题的关键。在做此题时，要跳过空格，将全文快速浏览一遍，特别要留意文章首尾句和每段首尾句。（对文章内容有一个大概的了解，在阅读时，不需要看到全部的信息，根据部分信息就可以了解大意。千万不要读一句填一句，因为“完形填空”题里所给的大多数选项填入单句后在语法上都成立，但从全文看却并非正确答案。）
第二步：___________，___________。了解文章大意后便要开始填入所缺部分。在选择答案时，一定要考虑到上下文的逻辑关系，前后对照，从上下文中找出关键性启示。同时兼顾句子的结构，习惯用法，固定搭配和词类的功能，先选出比较容易的答案，遇到较难的题，可以跳过本题，继续做后面的题，完形填空题文章前后、上下多有暗示和线索提示（文章为了使语篇相互衔接及文章的连贯，有些词会以原词或同义、近义词等形式重复出现在文章中）。
第三步：___________，___________。初读初选后，还有一些题目没有思路，此时就要逐句细读，逐题分析选项、对上一步骤未确定的个别试题多方推敲，把握全局思维，注意前后逻辑（选连词的空格前后两句可形成指代、列举、因果、对比、让步、补充、递进等逻辑关系）。
第四步：___________，___________。初定选项后，很重要的一步就是要将整篇文章再复读一遍。对答案进行核实调整，清除疏漏。再次迅速复读，对短文的理解会更为深刻，更容易判断有疑点或误解的地方（这时要注意时态语态、主谓一致、固定搭配等）。
五读法：
1. 细读首句，预测主题；
2. 跳读全文，领会大意；
3. 通读全文，试选答案；
4. 细读全文，推敲难题；
5. 复读全文，调整答案。
精简步骤：
1. _______。跳开选项了解信息，初步掌握文章大意。 (1min)
2. _______。仔细阅读全文，抓住短文的每段、每句作者的思想。 (5min)
3. _______。再次阅读文章，检查答案，是否符合文章逻辑推理。 (2min)
三、真题演练
A
The greatest feeling in the wrld cmes nt frm receiving presents, r even getting an A n the math test yu studied s hard fr. Rather, it 1________ when yu hand a cup f ht cffee t that lder man sitting n the side f the street asking fr mney. Yu feel it when yu drive an hur and a half t a 2________ t meet children with cancer. And yu feel it when yu sit dwn with yur friend t cmfrt her 3________ her mther died. Helping thers can be the greatest feeling in the wrld, and I 4________ this just ne year ag.
My friend asked me t attend a Yuth Grup meeting at his church. After an hur f listening t them 5________ their pinins, I was invited t g with them t help 6________ the hmeless.
Early that Saturday mrning, a team f 15 teenagers began making sandwiches and cunting bags f candy. Fr the first time in my life I realized that we, the teens f America, can make a 7________. Since it was my first time, and I wasn’t part f the grup, I felt a little ut f place. But watching the thers 8________ the fd drve my nervusness away.
Befre lng, all 150 bagged lunches were gne and the grup was 9________ its way hme. I realized that nt nly is my friend an amazing persn, but that all f thse peple are amazing. That’s what made me jin the Yuth Grup.
I wrk at a cffee shp but dn’t make much. It’s nt the best jb, but there are times when it’s wrth it. Fr example, a few weeks ag, when the stre was 10________ and I was bred, lking ut f the windw, I nticed an ld man sitting utside. He had been there befre. As a matter f fact, he 11________ came in t buy anything because he didn’t have any mney. I tk up a cup f cffee, walked utside, and handed it t him. The smile n his face made my day, and as I walked back int the stre, I put my wn mney int the drawer. Then I knew hw the members f the Yuth Grup feel every time they help smene. Knwing that yu can help is 12________ – the greatest feeling in the wrld.
1. A. startsB. stpsC. lastsD. fails
2. A. shpB. churchC. cuntryD. hspital
3. A. afterB. untilC. thughD. befre
4. A. expectedB. discveredC. tuchedD. ffered
5. A. writeB. experienceC. vice D. discuss
6. A. teachB. encurageC. mveD. feed
7. A. decisin B. successC. dreamD. difference
8. A. take utB. pick ut C. hand ut D. pint ut
9. A. inB. nC. thrughD. by
10. A. emptyB. freeC. busyD. crwded
11. A. evenB. usually C. neverD. ften
12. A. helpfulB. wnderfulC. hpefulD. useful
B
It was a cld afternn in winter. My ldest sn, Stephen, was at schl, and Reed, my husband, at wrk. My 1________ little nes were sitting arund the kitchen table. Tm was perfecting a paper plane, while Sam was 2________ n an il painting.
But Laura, ur nly daughter, sat quietly and was 3________ in her prject. Every nce in a while she wuld ask hw t 4________ the name f smene in ur family, then carefully frm the letters ne by ne. Next, she wuld add flwers with small items. She finished ff each with a sun in the upper right hand crner. Hlding them at eye level, she let ut a lng sigh (叹息) f 5________.
“What are yu ding, Hney?” I asked. She lked quickly at her brther befre lking back at me. “It’s a 6________.” she said, cvering up her wrk with her hands.
Next, she put her wrk int a bx. When she had finished, she disappeared up the stairs.
It wasn’t until later that evening that I 7________ a “mailbx” taped nt the drs t each f ur bedrms. There were little ntes saying that she lved all f us. She hadn’t 8________ Sam r baby Paul. They are pages f clred scenes including flwers with happy faces. “He can’t read yet,” she whispered (低声说), “9________ he can lk at the pictures.” Each time I received ne f my little girl’s gifts, it 10________ my heart. I was tuched at hw carefully she paid attentin t what wrng happened t us. When Stephen lst a baseball game, there was a letter telling him she thught he was the best ballplayer in the whle wrld. After I had a 11________ day, there was a message thanking me fr my effrts.
This same little girl is grwn nw, driving ff every day t the state cllege, but sme things abut her have 12________ changed. Yesterday I fund a lve nte next t my bedside. “Thanks fr always being there fr me, Mm,” it read, “I’m glad that we’re the best friends.”
There are angels amng us. I knw I live with ne.
1. A. twB. threeC. furD. five
2. A. wrkingB. gettingC. hldingD. putting
3. A. absentB. lstC. bredD. upset
4. A. cmpleteB. affrdC. spellD. check
5. A. satisfactinB. carefulnessC. tirednessD. regret
6. A. galB. dream C. wishD. surprise
7. A. realizedB. nticedC. knewD. predicted
8. A. caredB. rememberedC. fllwedD. frgtten
9. A. butB. andC. becauseD. s
10. A. deepenedB. frzeC. brke D. brightened
11. A. bringB. differentC. hardD. crazy
12. A. neverB. alreadyC. everD. Even
C
Taking a Nap during the Day
Medical experts say mst Americans d nt get enugh sleep. They say mre Americans need t rest fr a shrt perid in the middle f the day, 1________ cntinuing with ther activities.
One study earlier this year fund that persns wh 2________ fr a few minutes during the day were less likely t die f heart disease. The study 3________ mre than 2,300 Greek adults fr abut six years. Adults wh rested fr half an hur at least three times a week had a 37 percent 4________ risk f dying frm heart disease than thse wh did nt nap.
The study rganizers said the strngest evidence was in wrking men. They said naps might imprve 5_______ by mitigating (减低) tensin caused by wrk.
Sme Eurpean and Latin American businesses have supprted the 6________ f napping fr many years. They urge peple t 7________ wrk, g hme and have a nap befre returning. In the United States, sme cmpanies let wrkers rest briefly in their ffices. They believe this reduces 8________ and accidents, and 9________ increases the amunt f wrk a persn can d.
Sleep experts say it is likely that peple make mre mistakes at wrk than at ther times. They say peple shuld nt 10________ imprtant duties when they feel sleepy. And they say the best thing t d is t take a nap. Abut twenty minutes f rest is all yu need. Experts say this prvides extra energy and can increase yur effectiveness 11________ the end f the day. But experts 12________ that a nap shuld last n mre than twenty t thirty minutes. A lnger nap will put the bdy int deep sleep and waking up will be difficult.
1. A. asB. whenC. befreD. after
2. A. laughB. sleepC. walkD. mve
3. A. knewB. learnedC. studiedD. fllwed
4. A. lessB. mre C. lwer D. higher
5. A. lifeB. healthC. thinkingD. ability
6. A. wayB. ideaC. suggestinD. experiment
7. A. leaveB. repeatC. changeD. imprve
8. A. wrkB. timeC. energy D. mistakes
9. A. tB. alsC. never D. seldm
10. A. makeB. bringC. carry ut D. create
11. A. untilB. whileC. unless D. during
12. A. sayB. think C. guessD. warn
D
As sixth graders, kids were separating int grups, but I wasn’t sure where I belnged.
Our teacher gave us a task called “secret friends” fr the cming week. We were suppsed t d nice things 1_______ ur friends withut letting them knw wh was ding it. We culd leave encuraging ntes r cards either n their desks r in their bags. Befre ding the task, with ur eyes clsed, frm a basket, we 2________ a name f a classmate wh we were t secretly befriend ver the next five days.
Sn, the task was turned int a cmpetitin f giving 3________ instead f ntes. Everyne was getting cl presents except me. My friend exactly 4________ what the teacher had tld us. S I received nthing but hand-made cards with nice wrds abut me.
On the last mrning, I finally gt a package. When I 5________ it, the girls arund all 6________. It was an “ld lady” gift. My face went red.
I tried t frget abut the shaming gift, but when the same girls 7________ it again during the break in the bathrm, I jined in, “Hw stupid! My grandmther wuldn’t 8________ want it.” The girls laughed at my wrds and went ut f the bathrm. Washing my hands, I let the water run thrugh my fingers 9________ I thught abut my wrds. It wasn’t 10________ like me t say things like that.”
“I’m yur secret friend.” It was Rchelle. “I’ m srry abut the gift,” she said t me, tears running dwn her face.
Frm a pr family, she was a target (目标) at schl fr thse with rich parents. Yet she just tk all the terrible treatment silently.
I was sick t my stmach as my 11________ wrds ran thrugh my mind. She had heard everything. Hw culd I have been s unkind?
Later I learned she had felt bad all week abut nt being able t leave me any cl present and her mum had given up her nly luxury (奢侈品). And I had destryed everything fr her.
I tld her that I had nly said thse things t try t fit in.
“We aren’t that different frm each ther, are we?” She smiled understandingly. Her simple 12________, spken frm her heart, fund their way straight int mine.
1. A. frB. behindC. thrughD. like
2. A. drewB. changedC. fundD. picked
3. A. chancesB. helpC. hpeD. gifts
4. A. learnedB. cpiedC. fllwedD. understd
5. A. discveredB. penedC. caught D. held
6. A. cheeredB. shuted C. laughed D. clapped
7. A. mentinedB. sawC. shwedD. suggested
8. A. justB. everC. evenD. nly
9. A. if B. as C. since D. because
10. A. exactlyB. perfectly C. nrmally D. necessarily
11. A. pwerfulB. hurtful C. usefulD. helpful
12. A. cardsB. actinsC. chicesD. wrds
【参考答案】
【知识点睛】
浏览全文 了解大意
瞻前顾后 初选答案
逐句细读 逐题分析
复读全文 再次斟酌
速读
精读
复读
【精讲精练】
A 1-5：ADABC6-10：DDCBA11-12：CB
B 1-5：BABCA6-10：DBDAD11-12：CA
C 1-5：CBDCB6-10：BADBC11-12：AD
D 1-5：AADCB6-10：CACBC11-12：BD