2022届人教版英语中考一轮复习八年级下册Unit 3（词汇+语法讲解）

这是一份2022届人教版英语中考一轮复习八年级下册Unit 3（词汇+语法讲解），共25页。

【单词变形】
【单词变性】
fair形容词变名词______________________
ill形容词变名词______________________
independence名词变形容词______________________
mess名词变形容词______________________
stress名词变形容词______________________
waste名词变形容词______________________
depend动词变形容词______________________
【一词多义】
1. since ____________ ______________ _______________
Since yu have knwn that, I dn't need t tell yu that nce again.
He has learned English since he was fur years ld.
He has learned English since fur years ag.
2. while ____________ ________ __________ _____________
While yu were playing basketball, yu father was reading newspaper.
Please wait fr a while, I buy a cup f cffee.
While I was walking n the street, I saw smene running alng the rad.
I was listening t music while I was ding my hmewrk.
3. waste ______________ _______________
Mary wasted a lt f time, s she didn't finish her hmewrk until midnight.
It’s a waste f time t lk thrugh Vlg n TIktk fr a whle day.
4. pass ___________ ___________ ________________
I passed a cafe n Sunday.
Mary felt sad because she didn't pass the English exam.
Culd yu pass yur eraser t me?
【词汇用法】
1. brrw: vt./brrw sth. frm sb.
近义词辨析: brrw vs. lend vs. keep
brrw: vt./brrw sth. frm sb./I brrwed an eraser frm my deskmate.
lend: vt./lend sth. t sb./I lend an eraser t my deskmate.
keep: vt./keep sth./I have kept the eraser fr ne day.
2. lend: vt./lend sth. t sb.
近义词辨析: brrw vs. lend vs. keep
brrw: vt./brrw sth. frm sb./I brrwed an eraser frm my deskmate.
lend: vt./lend sth. t sb./I lend an eraser t my deskmate.
keep: vt./keep sth./I have kept the eraser fr ne day.
3. drp: vi./sth. drps/drp by/n./a drp
近义词辨析:drp vs. fall
drp: vi./sth. drps/drp by/n./a drp
fall: vi./sb. falls dwn frm…/fall ver/fall ff/fall in lve with
4. prvide: vt./prvide sb. with sth./prvide sth. Fr sb.
近义词辨析: prvide vs. ffer
prvide: vt./prvide sb. with sth./prvide sth. fr sb.
ffer: vt./ffer sb. sth./ffer sth. t sb./ffer sb. a jb/ffer sb. a seat
5. thrw: vt./thrw sth. t sb.
thrw 的短语:
意思
单词
词性
意思
单词
词性
合理的，适当的
衬衫
有病，不舒服
点心，小吃，快餐
独立的，自主的
独立
不合理的，不公正的
浪费，滥用
而且，加之
从…以后，自…以来
也不
借，借用
因为，既然
依靠，信赖
在…期间，当…的时候
发展，壮大
杂物，乏味无聊的工作
落下，掉下
公正性，公平合理性
折叠，对折
手指
厌恶，讨厌
地板
借给，借出
精神压力，心理负担
给，递，走过，通过
杂乱，不整齐
提供，供应
邻居
扫，打扫
垃圾，废弃物
扔，掷
单词
三单
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
brrw
depend
develp
drp
fld
hate
lend
pass
prvide
sweep
thrw
单词
复数
单词
复数
单词
复数
finger
neighbr
shirt
snack
waste
单词
比较级
最高级
单词
比较级
最高级
ill
independent
thrw ut_________________
thrw abut_________________
thrw away_________________
【高频短语】
neither…nr______________
me, neither______________
fr a while______________
ever since______________
a waste f time______________
depend n______________
develp a study habit______________
develp ne’s independence__________
hate ding______________
pass by______________
pass n______________
prvide sb. with sth. ______________
prvide sth. fr sb. ______________
lend sth. t sb. ______________
brrw sth. frm sb. ______________
sweep the flr______________
in a mess______________
thrw away______________
thrw ut______________
thrw abut______________
【攻占语法】
动词(动词词组二)
5. 以turn开头的动词词组
6. 以put开头的动词词组
7. 以take开头的动词词组
8. 以make开头的动词词组
9. 以lk开头的动词词组
10. 以cme开头的动词词组
11. 以cut开头的动词词组
12. 以get开头的动词词组
13. 以give开头的动词词组
14. 以g开头的动词词组
15. 以hld开头的动词词组
16. 以keep开头的动词词组
17. 以knck开头的动词词组
【词汇练习】
Sam didn't get the jb, but he isn't unhappy because it didn't pay well a ________.
The bk is t expensive. I think I will b ________ ne frm the library.
As middle schl students, we shuldn’t d ________ t much n ur parents. We shuld learn t lk after urselves.
Ding chres helps t d________ children's independence and teaches them t lk after themselves.
It is imprtant fr yu t d ________ yur gd habits.
I d_________ the glass n the grund carelessly and it brke int pieces.
English is f______ useful nw, but sme students think it's rather difficult t learn.
Annie gets used t tuching her iPhne with her middle f ________.
After finishing the letter, he f_________ it and put it int the envelp.
Justin h ________ Christmas because he spent t much mney buying gifts.
He was i ________ but nbdy tk him t the hspital.
Trying t d chres helps t develp children’s i ________ and ability t lk after themselves.
Cindy is very i _________, because she can d a lt f thing by herself when she was nly a little girl.
I l ________ 100 yuan t Dn last year, but he frgt t give it back t me.
The huse is in a m ________ after the party. Let’s help t clean it up.
There is an apple tree in frnt f my n ________ huse.
He can speak n ________ f these tw languages, he's frm France and can nly speak French.
N ________ Anna nr I was interested in the mvie, s we went shpping, instead.
P ________ the exam is a piece f cake fr me.
After the dinner yesterday, the waiter p ________ cffee fr everyne.
We decide t vlunteer t clean ut the r ________ in the city park. We want t make it clean.
Emma went t wrk in New Yrk a year ag, and we haven’t seen her ever s ________. We are lking frward t her return.
Ptat chips are ne f children’s favrite s ________.
I ften have much s ________ and fall ill befre exams. What shuld I d?
I s ________ the flr yesterday thugh it was nt my turn t be n duty.
She t ________ mre wd int the fireplace and sn she felt warmer.
The useless paper was tied tgether, ready t be t ________ ut.
I think this prgram is meaningless and it’s just a w ________ f time.
That area has lts f crimes this year w ________ this ne has nne.
W ________ Mary was ding the washing up, she was planning her hliday.
【语法练习】
Please wait. Let me ________ yur phne number and call yu when I am free.
A. cme dwn B. cut dwn C. lk dwn D. write dwn
—Culd yu please _______ my phne number and pass it t Mr. Pearsn?
—Of curse.
A. drp dwn B. turn dwn C. lk dwn D. take dwn
Wearing white can help peple_______when they feel stressed ut.
A. fall dwn B. calm dwn C. lk dwn D. cme dwn
Studying abrad is quite different frm the life in China. It tk me nearly half a year t______ the language prblem and culture shck.
A. get ver B. lk ver C. turn ver D. g ver
T get a better grade, yu shuld_______the ntes again befre the test.
A. g ver B. get ver C. turn ver D. take ver
Try t guess its meaning when yu meet a new wrd. Dn’t just___ yur dictinary all the time.
A. wrk n B. take n C. keep n D. depend n
They are kindness and helpful. They_______their many things t the pr areas every year.
A. give up B. give in C. give ff D. give away
Never____, ne day yu will achieve yur dream!
A. give up B. give away C. give ut D. give in
—Didn’t yu have a gd time at the party?
—Of curse I did. In fact I had such fun that time seemed t _____ s quickly.
A. g by B. g away C. g ut D. g ver
Bys and girls, time is up, please check yur name and _____ yur papers.
A. hand ut B. hand up C. hand in D. hand dwn
—Darling, hw many flights are leaving fr Beijing n Sunday mrning?
—Wait a minute. Let me _____ in the schedule (时刻表).
A. lk at it B. lk fr it C. lk it dwn D. lk it up
Dn't ____ ging t the dctr, r the stmachache wuld be wrse.
A. put up B. put ff C. put ut D. put away
After eight hurs’ hard wrk, the fireman finally ____ the frest fire.
A. put awayB. put ut C. put dwn D. put ff
When the firemen arrived, the fire had been_______.
A. put up B. put dwn C. put away D. put ut
It’s a gd habit fr us that we shuld never______ tday’s wrk till tmrrw.
A. put n B. put ff C. put up D. put dwn
Wuld yu please help me_______ the picture n the wall?
A. put up B. put n C. put int D. put ff
—Daddy, culd I leave my hmewrk fr tmrrw?
—I’m afraid nt. Dn’t_____what yu can d tday till tmrrw.
A. put n B. put dwn C. put up D. put ff
—I’m very tired. Can I d the wrk tmrrw?
—N way! Never___________ the wrk tmrrw!
A. put n B. put dwn C. put ff D. put up
—I’m s sleepy, and I want t cntinue the wrk tmrrw, OK?
—Oh n! Cme n! Yu shuld never____ tday’s wrk till tmrrw.
A. put up B. put away C. put ff D. put dwn
Thusands f peple _______ t watch yesterday’s match against Ireland.
A. turned n B. turned in C. turned arund D. turned ut
—I’m trying t study. Please________ the TV.
—Srry, I’ll d it right nw.
A. turn ff B. turn t C. turn n D. turn up
It’s plite t_____ the radi a bit when thers are talking. It’s gd fr bth f yu.
A. turn ff B. turn dwn C. turn n D. turn up
—I’m trying t study. Please________ the TV a bit.
—Srry, I’ll d it right nw.
A. turn ff B. turn dwn C. turn n D. turn up
—Dn’t ____, my children! Keep wrking n and yur dream will cme true.
—Thank yu, Mrs. Wang. We’ll try ur best.
A. put up B. turn ff C. wrk ut D. give up
There must be smething wrng with my alarm clck. It didn’t _____ this mrning.
A. g ff B. cme ut C. put ff D. take ut
Wuld yu please help me ____ the picture n the wall? Visitrs want t see it.
A. put away B. put up C. get away D. get ff
The car accident _____ because f the heavy fg?
A. tk place B. happened C. brke ut D. brught ut
She is planning n driving. Let’s help her ____ the best rad t take.
A. cme ut B. cme up C. catch up with D. cme up with
We tried t find a table fr ur family, but they were all _______.
A. give away B. used up C. kept away D. taken up
—Shall I take yu t the shpping mall after wrk?
—N, thanks. My father said he wuld ____ n his way hme.
A. lk fr me B. pick me up C. let me dwn D. take after me
—Can I use this expressin in the text?
—N. It has ________. Nbdy uses it tday.
A. given away B. brken dwn C. gt up D. gne ut
Yu can’t predict everything. Often things dn’t ________ as yu expect.
A. run ut B. think up C. wrk ut D. put ff
Sandy needs sme mney. She’s ging t ____ the newspaper fr a hliday jb.
A. lk thrugh B. lk after C. lk fr D. lk at
I like these ld phts and they can _______ me _______ the life living in the cuntryside.
A. think, f B. remind, f C. let, dwn D. wake, up
Befre shpping, Mrs. Mitchell ______ the fridge, because it was very dirty.
A. put ut B. tk away C. cleaned ut D. turned dwn
—All the il in the wrld will have_____ sme day.
—Yeah. What shall we use fr pwer at that time?
A. given away B. put away C. run ut D. set ut
It will be warmer tmrrw. The temperature will_________ again.
A. g up B. fall belw C. stay abve D. keep n
Mary is s careless that she never ges ver her exercises t_____ there are n mistakes.
A. think abut B. make sure C. wrked ut D. find ut
The heavy rain____ ur difficulty in lking fr the missing cat.
A. added t B. gave ut C. made up D. raised up
I’ve____ all the phnes in drawer, but I still can’t find the ne yu need.
A. pened up B. given away C. handed ut D. lked thrugh
【参考答案】
【单词变形】
【单词变性】
fair形容词变名词fairness
ill形容词变名词illness
independence名词变形容词independent
mess名词变形容词messy
stress名词变形容词stressful
waste名词变形容词wasteful
depend动词变形容词dependent
【一词多义】
1. since 既然 自从 自从
Since yu have knwn that, I dn't need t tell yu that nce again.
He has learned English since he was fur years ld.
He has learned English since fur years ag.
2. while 而 一会儿 当…时候 一边…一边
While yu were playing basketball, yu father was reading newspaper.
Please wait fr a while, I buy a cup f cffee.
While I was walking n the street, I saw smene running alng the rad.
I was listening t music while I was ding my hmewrk.
3. waste 浪费 浪费
Mary wasted a lt f time, s she didn't finish her hmewrk until midnight.
It’s a waste f time t lk thrugh Vlg n TIktk fr a whle day.
4. pass 经过 通过 传递
I passed a cafe n Sunday.
Mary felt sad because she didn't pass the English exam.
Culd yu pass yur eraser t me?
5. thrw: vt./thrw sth. t sb.
thrw 的短语:
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
轮流
关掉
轮到我了
打开
把A变成B
证明是，原来是
转身
翻转
转身
转向某人
调低音量，拒绝
调高音量，出现，露面
上交
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
收拾
放入
放回去
推迟
写下，放下
穿上(衣服),增重，表演
提出
灭火
举手,搭建(帐篷),挂起,张贴,留宿(某人)
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
与某人性格相像
拿出去
拿走
取代
照顾，照料
参加
写下，记下
发生
吸入
把…拿回来
脱掉(衣服), (飞机)起飞
从事，占据
取代
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
由某人制成
充分利用
由…制成(看不出原材料)
让某人做某事
在某地制成
使某人…
被制成…
制作…
由…制成(看得出原材料)
组成，编造，伪装
由…组成
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
照顾，照料
看起来像
往后看
把…当作…
看着…
看出去，小心
回头看
仔细检查
向下看，轻视某人
通过…看
寻找
浏览
向前看
向上看，仰视某人，查字典
看进
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
发生
加油，过来
遭遇，碰巧遇到
出版，开花
回来
发生，影响
得到，获得
上升，出现
下来，下降
想起，想出
进来
当…时候
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
砍下，减少
取消
插话
切…
切除
切碎
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
理解=understand
出去
与某人/物相处融洽
下车
到处走
克服(困难)
离开
准备好做某事
开始着手做某事
让某人去做某事
上车
把…取回来
结婚
把…给做了
下车
(电话)接通
上车
到达
起床,站立
在一起
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
赠送
帮助某人
屈服，投降
给某人某物
释放(光, 热)
归还
分发
放弃
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
走开
出去
经过
检查
往下走
(价格)下降
下架(卖光了)
从内部穿过
进去
去某地
(闹铃)响
向上走 (价格)上涨
继续做某事(另一件事)/(同一件事)
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
抑制, 忍住(眼泪)
伸出
稍等一下
阻碍，举起
坚持
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
保持健康
一直做某事
保持健康
阻止某人做某事
记在心里
使某人在外面
与某人保持联系
与某人并驾齐驱
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
敲门
敲门
撞进某人
意思
单词
词性
意思
单词
词性
合理的，适当的
fair
adj.
衬衫
shirt
n.
有病，不舒服
ill
adj.
点心，小吃，快餐
snack
n.
独立的，自主的
independent
adj.
独立
independence
n.
不合理的，不公正的
unfair
adj.
浪费，滥用
waste
n.
而且，加之
anyway
adv.
从…以后，自…以来
since
prep.&cnj.&adv.
也不
neither
adv.
借，借用
brrw
v.
因为，既然
since
cnj.
依靠，信赖
depend
v.
在…期间，当…的时候
while
cnj.
发展，壮大
develp
v.
杂物，乏味无聊的工作
chre
n.
落下，掉下
drp
v.
公正性，公平合理性
fairness
n.
折叠，对折
fld
v.
手指
finger
n.
厌恶，讨厌
hate
v.
地板
flr
n.
借给，借出
lend
v.
精神压力，心理负担
stress
n.
给，递，走过，通过
pass
v.
杂乱，不整齐
mess
n.
提供，供应
prvide
v.
邻居
neighbr
n.
扫，打扫
sweep
v.
垃圾，废弃物
rubbish
n.
扔，掷
thrw
v.
单词
三单
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
brrw
brrws
brrwed
brrwed
brrwing
depend
depends
depended
depended
depending
develp
develps
develped
develped
develping
drp
drps
drpped
drpped
drpping
fld
flds
flded
flded
flding
hate
hates
hated
hated
hating
lend
lends
lent
lent
lending
pass
passes
passed
passed
passing
prvide
prvides
prvided
prvided
prviding
sweep
sweeps
swept
swept
sweeping
thrw
thrws
threw
thrwn
thrwing
单词
复数
单词
复数
单词
复数
finger
fingers
neighbr
neighbrs
shirt
shirts
snack
snacks
waste
wastes
单词
比较级
最高级
单词
比较级
最高级
ill
wrse
wrst
independent
mre independent
mst independent
thrw ut扔出去
thrw abut到处乱扔
thrw away丢走
【高频短语】
neither…nr既不…也不
me, neither我也不
fr a while一会儿
ever since自从那时
a waste f time浪费时间
depend n依赖，取决于
develp a study habit培养学习习惯
develp ne’s independence培养独立性
hate ding讨厌做…
pass by经过
pass n传递
prvide sb. with sth. 提供某人…东西
prvide sth. fr sb. 为某人提供…东西
lend sth. t sb. 借给某人…
brrw sth. frm sb. 从某人那里借…
sweep the flr打扫地板
in a mess乱的
thrw away丢走
thrw ut扔出去
thrw abut到处扔
【语法练习】
5. 以turn开头的动词词组
6. 以put开头的动词词组
7. 以take开头的动词词组
8. 以make开头的动词词组
9. 以lk开头的动词词组
10. 以cme开头的动词词组
11. 以cut开头的动词词组
12. 以get开头的动词词组
13. 以give开头的动词词组
14. 以g开头的动词词组
15. 以hld开头的动词词组
16. 以keep开头的动词词组
17. 以knck开头的动词词组
【词汇练习】
Anyway brrw depend develp develp drpped fairly finger flded hated ill independence independent lent mess neighbr’s neither Neither Passing prvided rubbish since snacks stress swept threw taken waste while while
【语法练习】
DDBAA DDAAC ABBDB ADCCD ABBDA BBDDB DCABC CADAD
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
in turn
轮流
turn ff
关掉
It's my turn.
轮到我了
turn n
打开
turn A int B
把A变成B
turn ut
证明是，原来是
turn arund
转身
turn ver
翻转
turn back
转身
turn t sb.
转向某人
turn dwn
调低音量，拒绝
turn up
调高音量，出现，露面
turn in
上交
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
put away
收拾
put in/int
放入
put back
放回去
put ff
推迟
put dwn
写下，放下
put n
穿上(衣服),增重，表演
put frward
提出
put ut
灭火
put up
举手,搭建(帐篷),挂起,张贴,留宿(某人)
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
take after
与某人性格相像
take ut
拿出去
take away
拿走
take ver
取代
take care f
照顾，照料
take part in
参加
take dwn
写下，记下
take place
发生
take in
吸入
take sth. back
把…拿回来
take ff
脱掉(衣服), (飞机)起飞
take up
从事，占据
take ne's place
取代
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
be made by
由某人制成
make (full) use f
充分利用
be made frm
由…制成(看不出原材料)
make sb. d sth./be made t d sth.
让某人做某事
be made in
在某地制成
make sb./sth. adj
使某人…
be made int
被制成…
make sth.
制作…
be made f
由…制成(看得出原材料)
make up
组成，编造，伪装
be made up f
由…组成
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
lk after
照顾，照料
lk like
看起来像
lk afterward
往后看
lk n sb. as sth.=treat sb. as sth.=regard sb. as sth.
把…当作…
lk at sth.
看着…
lk ut
看出去，小心
lk back
回头看
lk ver = g ver
仔细检查
lk dwn
向下看，轻视某人
lk thrugh
通过…看
lk fr sth. means sth. is missing/lst.
寻找
lk thrugh sth.
浏览
lk frward (t)
向前看
lk up
向上看，仰视某人，查字典
lk int rm thrugh windw /case
看进
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
cme abut
发生
cme n
加油，过来
cme acrss
遭遇，碰巧遇到
cme ut
出版，开花
cme back
回来
cme ver
发生，影响
cme by
得到，获得
cme up
上升，出现
cme dwn
下来，下降
cme up with
想起，想出
cme in
进来
when it cmes t
当…时候
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
cut dwn
砍下，减少
cut ut
取消
cut in
插话
cut sth.
切…
cut ff
切除
cut up
切碎
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
get acrss
理解=understand
get ut
出去
get alng/n (well) with
与某人/物相处融洽
get ut f (a car)
下车
get arund
到处走
get ver
克服(困难)
get away
离开
get ready fr sth.
准备好做某事
get dwn t ding
开始着手做某事
get sb. t d sth.
让某人去做某事
get in (a car)
上车
get sth. back
把…取回来
get married
结婚
get sth. dne
把…给做了
get ff
下车
get thrugh
(电话)接通
get n (a bus)
上车
get t
到达
get up
起床,站立
get tgether
在一起
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
give away
赠送
give sb. a hand/a lift
帮助某人
give in
屈服，投降
give sb. sth.---give sth. t sb.
给某人某物
give ff
释放(光, 热)
give sth. back
归还
give ut
分发
give up
放弃
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
g away
走开
g ut
出去
g by
经过
g ver
检查
g dwn
往下走
(价格)下降
下架(卖光了)
g thrugh
从内部穿过
g in
进去
g t sp.
去某地
g ff
(闹铃)响
g up
向上走 (价格)上涨
g n ding/t d sth.
继续做某事(另一件事)/(同一件事)
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
hld back
抑制, 忍住(眼泪)
hld ut sth.
伸出
hld n
稍等一下
hld up
阻碍，举起
hld n sth.
坚持
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
keep healthy
保持健康
keep sb. (n) ding sth.
一直做某事
keep in gd health
保持健康
keep sb. frm ding sth.
阻止某人做某事
keep in mind
记在心里
keep sb. ut
使某人在外面
keep in tuch with sb.
与某人保持联系
keep up with sb.
与某人并驾齐驱
动词词组
意思
动词词组
意思
knck at the dr
敲门
knck n the dr
敲门
knck int sb.
撞进某人