2022福建省高三诊断性测试试卷英语

高三诊断性测试

英 语

注意事项：

(试卷满分：150 分，考试时间：120 分钟)

1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本   试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂   到答题卡上。

第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）

听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.

答案是 C。

1. Where is the conversation taking place?
   1. In an airport. B. In a hotel. C. In a hospital.
2. When will Mark be free?
   1. Right now. B. This weekend. C. Next week.
3. What are the speakers going to do?
   1. Have a trip. B. Pack the car. C. Fill up the tank.
4. What does the man think about the woman’s words?
   1. Doubtful. B. Acceptable. C. Interesting.

5. What do we know about the game?
   1. The Forest won it.
   2. It was a close one.
   3. The Rocket missed the shot.

第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）

听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每   小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。

6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
   1. Boss and clerk.
   2. Salesman and customer.
   3. Husband and wife.
7. What will the man do?
   1. Prepare for dinner. B. Buy some groceries. C. Do some cleaning.

听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。

8. What is Jessie addicted to?
   1. Soap operas. B. Online games. C. Online chats.
9. How did John remove his bad habit?
   1. By keeping a dog. B. By seeing a doctor. C. By focusing on lessons.
10. Who has improved in studies after giving up the Internet addiction?
    1. John. B. Jessie. C. Dick.

听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。

11. What was Steven in charge of in his former company?
    1. Technology improvement.
    2. Customer support.
    3. Information collection.
12. In which aspect has Steven tried to improve recently?
    1. Product sales.
    2. Time management.
    3. Clerk training.

13. What are the speakers doing?
    1. Having a job interview.
    2. Making a project for a company.
    3. Discussing about management.

听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。

14. Where is Mina now?
    1. In an office. B. On a bus. C. In a park.
15. What is Daniel doing?
    1. Getting off at bus stop.
    2. Looking for the right bus.
    3. Traveling northwards by bus.
16. What will Daniel probably do finally?
    1. Get on No. 90 bus. B. Ride all the way around. C. Transfer to another bus.
17. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
    1. When to take a bus ride.
    2. How to get to the destination.
    3. Why to make an appointment.

听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。

18. Who is the speaker?
    1. A chef. B. A customer. C. A waiter.
19. What is special about the snack dolma?
    1. Its price is low. B. Its taste is new. C. Its materials are fresh.
20. How much will the blog reader probably pay for a meal in Chez Fitz? A. $40. B. $45. C. $50.

第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）

第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Great Books Summer Program delivers excellent preparation for seminar-style college classes and the SAT critical thinking section. We are thrilled to announce Summer 2022 On-Campus programs are returning. Enrollment（注册）is open. Make your plans today!

Note:

All on-campus programs have Materials & Events fees of $225 for one week and $475 for two.

21. How much does an applicant pay in total for a one-week program at Stanford University? A. $2995. B. $3220.              C. $3470.              D. $3945.

22. Which program will you choose if you want to do outdoor practice?
    1. Program 1. B. Program 2. C. Program 3. D. Program 4.
23. What do the four on-campus programs have in common?
    1. They offer seminar-style classes.
    2. They prepare students for the SAT test.
    3. They are designed for junior high students.
    4. They aim to promote students’ writing skills.

B

Eradajere Oleita thinks she may have a partial solution for two of our country’s long-standing problems: garbage and poverty. It’s called the Chip Bag Project. The 26-year-old student and environmentalist from Detroit is asking a favor of local snack lovers: Rather than throw your empty chip bags into the trash, donate them so she can turn them into sleeping bags for the homeless.

Chip eaters drop off their empty bags from Doritos, Lay’s, and other favorites at two locations in Detroit: a print shop and a clothing store, where Oleita and her volunteer helpers collect them. After they clean the chip bags in soapy hot water, they slice them open, lay them flat, and iron them together. It takes about four hours to sew a sleeping bag, and each takes around 150 to 300 chip bags, depending on whether they’re single-serve or family size. The result is a sleeping bag that is

“waterproof, lightweight, and easy to carry around,” Oleita told the Detroit News.

Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has collected more than 800,000 chip bags and, as of last December, created 110 sleeping bags.

Sure, it would be simpler to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags. But that’s only half the goal for Oleita – whose family moved to the United States from Nigeria a decade ago with the hope of attaining a better life – and her fellow volunteers. “We are committed to making an impact not only socially, but environmentally,” she says.

And, of course, there’s the symbolism of salvaging bags that would otherwise land in the trash and using them to help the homeless. It’s a powerful reminder that environmental injustice and poverty often go hand in hand. As Oleita told hourdetroit.com: “I think it’s time to show connections between all of these issues.”

24. What is the purpose of the Chip Bag Project?
    1. To make donations for the homeless.
    2. To deal with garbage and sleeping bags.
    3. To stop pollution caused by snack lovers.
    4. To protect the environment and reduce poverty.
25. How did Oleita get materials for sleeping bags?
    1. By turning to chip eaters. B. By producing chip bags.

C.  By purchasing snacks. D. By cooperating with the poor.

26. Which of the following can best explain the underlined word “salvaging” in the last paragraph?
    1. Sewing. B. Designing. C. Emptying. D. Recycling.
27. Which of he following best describes Eradajere Oleita?
    1. Devoted and creative. B. Determined and honest.

C.  Ambitious and humorous. D. Caring and independent.

C

Scientists in Australia have discovered that they can use the world’s smelliest fruits to make devices that could power electric cars. A durian is a fruit that looks like a pineapple. It is a delicacy in some Asian countries, but its smell is so unpleasant that some of those countries have banned it from public places. Its smell has been compared to rotting eggs and even smelly old gym socks.

Vincent Gomes and his colleagues at the University of Sydney, in Australia, used a durian and a jackfruit – another fruit known for its terrible smell – to make energy-storing devices called supercapacitors.

Supercapacitors are an alternative to batteries. They can’t store as much energy as a normal battery does, but they are much quicker to recharge. Durians and jackfruits contain some of the chemicals used in supercapacitors, which gave Gomes the idea. To make the fruit-based devices, the team heated and then freeze-dried the uneatable cores of the durian and jackfruit to make a special kind of material called an aerogel.

Aerogels are one of the world’s lightest solid materials. Often called “frozen smoke”, they are made by removing the liquid from a gel and replacing it with air. They have many scientific uses, but one of their special properties is the ability to conduct electric currents, which makes them an important part of supercapacitors. The aerogels made from durian and jackfruit both worked well when placed inside a supercapacitor, although the durian aerogel was found to be the better of the two.

The discovery is important because the materials currently used to make supercapacitors are expensive. Using natural foods like durians and jackfruits, Gomes says, could reduce environmental pollution, as well as costs.

28. What makes some countries have different attitudes toward the durian?
    1. Its smell. B. Its appearance. C. Its value. D. Its popularity.
29. Which paragraph mentions Gomes’s inspiration of innovation?
    1. Paragraph 1. B. Paragraph 2. C. Paragraph 3. D. Paragraph 4.
30. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
    1. Aerogels. B. Scientific uses. C. Properties. D. Electric currents.
31. What can we learn about fruit-based supercapacitors?
    1. They are devices for producing electricity. B. They are chemicals from durians.

C. They are green and economical. D. They are light and liquid.

D

By examining tiny vessels（血管）inside a person’s eyes, doctors might one day be able to predict that person’s risk of early death, according to a new study.

Past research had shown the retina（视网膜）, light-sensitive layers of nerve tissue at the back of the eye, as a possible indicator of a person’s biological age. The retina offers a unique, accessible “window” to evaluate underlying pathological（病理的）processes of some serious diseases that are associated with increased risks of death. In the new study, the researchers turned to a deep-learning technique that could predict a person’s risk of death by analyzing the biological age of the retina.

Their deep-learning model, a type of machine learning and artificial intelligence that’s modeled to learn similar to a human brain, analyzed more than 80,000 images of fundus（眼底）– the internal back surface of the eye that includes the retina. They obtained the images from nearly 47,000 people between the ages of 40 and 69, stored in the U.K. Biobank. To figure out whether their model was accurate, they first analyzed more than 19,000 fundus images taken from more than 11,000 participants who were in relatively good health. The idea was that the retinal biological ages of these people should be fairly similar to their chronological age（实际年龄）.

The model was fairly accurate in predicting retinal ages, with an accuracy of within 3.5 years to chronological ages. They then used the model to assess the remaining nearly 36,000 participants’ fundus photos collected across a span of 11 years. They found that 51 percent of the participants had a “retinal age gap” – the difference between biological and chronological age – of more than 3 years, 28 percent had a gap of more than 5 years and 4.5 percent had a gap of more than 10 years. In other words, these participants had “older” eyes compared to their chronological age.

Those who had larger age gaps had a 49-67 percent higher risk of death from causes other than cardiovascular disease or cancer. With every one year increase in the age gap, the risk of death increased by 2 percent for any cause and 3 percent for causes other than cardiovascular disease and cancer.

32. What can we know about the retina?
    1. It causes serious diseases.
    2. It indicates the risk of death.
    3. It speeds pathological processes.
    4. It improves people’s physical health.
33. How do researchers know the retinal age?
    1. By examining the nerve tissue.
    2. By studying the human brain.
    3. By checking the eyesight.
    4. By analyzing fundus images.
34. What percentage of the participants had the largest retinal age gap?

A. 3.5%. B. 4.5%. C. 28%. D. 51%.

35. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
    1. A new study is conducted on tiny vessels
    2. Image technology is used to predict diseases
    3. Eyes may reveal a person’s biological age
    4. A deep-learning on the retina is necessary

第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

No matter what your goals are in life, there is one great law that you need to obey in order to be successful: No one else is going to climb the ladder（ 梯 子 ）of success for you.    36   From the day you leave your parents’ house, you are responsible for your life and the choices you make.

If you want a better life, you need to make better decisions.      37       However, it doesn’t    change anything. Only you can change your life by changing the choices you make. Take responsibility for everything in your life. Even if it’s not in your direct control, you can always choose how you respond.

        38  If you choose what is fun and easy over what is necessary, you will never reach the  levels of success and happiness you are capable of achieving in your life. That’s because every great victory requires great sacrifice. If success was easy, everybody would be successful.

There is nothing that you can’t achieve with hard work. People often think that their lives will suddenly change through some magical event in the future.     39      Your life changes only to the  extent that you change. Nothing will ever change if you don’t change what you do daily.

A great way to actively create your future is to ask yourself: If I already achieved my goals, how would I act on a daily basis? What books would I read, how often would I work out, and how would I spend my time at the office? 40       

1. But that is not the case.
2. No one else is responsible for your life.
3. Now these questions seem like magic to you.
4. Nothing else can be the drive for your success.
5. Once you answer these questions, you know what to do.
6. The biggest enemy to success is the path of least resistance.
7. You can blame other people for your lack of happiness all life long.

第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）

第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

I’d love to have been a journalist. But I wasn’t  41  enough. I was always able to write a good letter – I just couldn’t stare at a blank sheet of paper and    42    a story. But I went into advertising  after university and 43 fell in love with it.

I always had the 44  of speech. I was schooled at the dinner table. My father used to  45 arguments, saying  we needed to learn how to make our case. It could get pretty  46  . At school I  ended up being captain of lots of things, not because I was the best player but because I could 47 people to do things. I learnt that you don’t have to be the most academically 48 , or even the most original thinker – 49 is a big part of the battle. No wonder I felt at home in advertising.

People    50    to stay in one company almost for life; I was always looking for the next    51     to learn. I got into  the advertising industry at Ogilvy, then went to  Grey to  52  experience  on the  Procter & Gamble  account,  and to Y&R to  get creative  experience.  It  53  me  new-business director. Later I started my own business, HHCL, which was an amazing 54 .

My next move will  be to  55  all my  skills in pioneering work. I know there  is no end to  learning. I will live and learn.

第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Celebrating Chinese New Year overseas is a completely different experience. Chinese New Year was   56    of the things I missed the most about Singapore – the reunion of family     57     (member) whom we hadn’t seen for the last 364 days, the exchanging of gifts, the various colours and sounds that we so 58 (close) connect with this most Chinese of festivals.

This year, I helped my mother hang up an attractive     59     (decorate) of a giant dragon along   the staircase. We wiped down the entire house together – the kitchen, the living room, light fittings, the entire lot. Aunts, uncles, cousins came around,     60     (enjoy) a massive meal and lazed  in front of  the TV for a couple of hours while the Chinese New Year variety shows were playing. We visited the temple on New Year’s  morning to pay respects   61   our ancestors. We  worked very hard in the   weeks 62 (lead) up to the event.

This morning, a  63   (cheer) lion dance troupe (剧团) drove slowly past my local wet market. Old folks and their grandchildren stuck  out  their  heads  from  windows  64  (watch)  the  performance. It is this community spirit 65 makes Chinese New Year what it is.

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）

第一节 （满分 15 分）

某英语报以 My Experience of Cooking 为题向中学生征文，请你结合内容要求用英语写一篇短文应征，内容包括：

1. 简述过程；
2. 实践成效；
3. 感想体会。

注意：

1．写作词数应为 80 左右；

2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

第二节 （满分 25 分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

My husband has been out of town for work this past week. When he travels, he typically is only gone for a day or two, but this time it was a few days longer. He was set to come home last night, but as he boarded the plane his flight was announced canceled and he had to return to the hotel to wait for the next flight. He learned very quickly the city was struggling due to high crime rate. He was not able to get a Uber or taxi at 4:30 a.m. to get to the airport for his flight due to workers being fearful of their lives. When I told my kids dad was not going to be home that night, they were both upset.

My husband was the head coach of my 5-year old’s t-ball team. They had a game the next morning and my husband was trying so badly to make it home in time. The thought of possibly missing our son’s game really made him mad. He wanted to be there because this was their thing and he didn’t want to let him or the other boys down.

A young man by the name of Asher, who worked at the hotel my husband stayed at, overheard my husband’s dilemma. He realized he was not able to get transportation to the airport. This young man offered to wake up and get my husband to the airport at 4:30 a.m. My husband was in shock – a complete stranger would offer to do such a big act of kindness. When he called me to tell me the possible ride, he was so hopeful. This young man honored his word and brought my husband to the airport safely.

I didn’t want to get my son’s hopes up, so I told him, “Dad is trying to get home for your game but I am not sure whether he will make it.” That morning, on the way to the baseball field, both my kids looked up in the sky the entire ride to the field and pointed out planes in the sky saying, “Maybe that’s dad’s plane.”

注意：

1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。