考点6 形容词和副词 制胜2022年高考英语一轮复习考点讲练学案

制胜2022年高考英语一轮复习考点讲练

考点6 形容词和副词

    形容词与副词的用法贯穿英语语言的每一个角落，涵盖语法填空、短文改错、阅读完形和写作。语法填空、短文改错考查形容词副词的基本用法、比较级和词性转换；完形填空考查形容词副词的词义有四五个设空；阅读当中形容词副词的意义会影响理解文章；完形填空和阅读理解的选项重在分辨词义；写作运用形容词副词会使文章准确而生动。考纲要求掌握形容词和副词的基本用法，熟悉形容词副词的词义、比较级最高级形式、合成词，以及与形容词副词相关的特殊句型。

1. (2021年全国甲卷·70) Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their __________ (day) routines.

答案：daily

解析：考查词性转换。在名词routines前作定语，用形容词，daily routines表示“日常生活”

2. (2020年全国Ⅰ卷·62)Landing on the moon's far side is ___________ (extreme) challenging.

答案：mine

解析：考查副词。修饰形容词challenging应用副词, 故填extremely。

3. (2021年全国甲卷·65)After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what __________ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!

答案：better

解析：考查比较等级。 than前应用比较级。

4. (2018年全国Ⅲ卷·63) He screams the  _______ (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.

答案：loudest

解析：考查比较等级。根据该句中loud 前有the及表范围词of all可以判断, 这里指所有猩猩中喊叫“最大声的”, 故用最高级loudest。

5. (2021年全国乙卷)What’s most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study.

答案：most→more

解析：考查固定搭配。What’s more是固定搭配，意为“另外，更重要的是”，故将most改为more。

6. （2020·新课标II卷）I’m surely you’ll have a good time.

答案：surely→sure

解析：考察形容词的用法。根据语义“我确定...”应用形容词sure作表语。

7. (2019年全国Ⅰ卷) I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.

答案：hardly→hard

解析：考察副词的辨析。因hard(努力地；费力地)与hardly(几乎不)均可作为副词, 但是词义不同。由语境可知, “我”挡住了足球, 并“使劲地”把它踢回操场, 故把hardly改为hard。

一、单句语法填空

1.  (2021年全国乙卷·68) Provide __________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
2. (2021年全国新高考1卷·58) It will             (undoubted) help you get refreshed!
3. (2020年全国Ⅱ卷·69) The __________ (beauty) long  branches  covered  with  pink-colored  buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
4. (2020年全国Ⅲ卷·68) As the small boat moved  _______ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
5. (2019年全国Ⅰ卷·62) It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears  as  much  of  the range has been _______ (poor) studied.
6. (2019年全国Ⅱ卷·63) Her years of hard work have ________ (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.
7. (2019年全国Ⅱ卷·70) But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s ____________ (wonder).
8. (2019年全国Ⅲ卷·67&68) They also shared with us many ___________ (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were ________ (huge) popular with tourists.
9. (2018年全国Ⅰ卷·69) Running is cheap, easy and it’s always _________(energy).
10. (2018年全国Ⅱ卷·63) A taste for meat is ________(actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
11. (2018年全国Ⅱ卷·67) According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total _______ (globe) fertilizer consumption.
12. (2017全国Ⅰ卷·69) However, be ________ (care) not to go to extremes.
13. (2017全国Ⅱ卷·66) …and it must have been  _______(fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.
14. (2017全国Ⅱ卷·70) The Central London Railway was one of the most ___________ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900.
15. (2020年全国Ⅲ卷·62) One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called  all  great  artists to come and  present their ________ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.
16. (2019年全国Ⅰ卷·68) Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are ________(high) than they actually are.
17. (2018年全国Ⅲ卷·63) He screams the  _______ (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.
18. (2017全国Ⅰ卷·66) Even _______(bad), the amount  of fast food that people eat goes up.
19. (2016全国Ⅲ卷·61) If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of ________ (great) and less importance.
20.  (2015卷I·62) It was raining lightly when I arrived in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours _______, I’d been at home in Hong Kong…

二、单句短文改错

1. (2019年全国Ⅱ卷) First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly.
2. (2019年全国Ⅲ卷) What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one.
3.  (2018年全国Ⅰ卷) I felt happily that their life had improved.
4. (2018年全国Ⅲ卷) Immediate, I raised my hand.
5. (2017全国Ⅰ卷) It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road.
6. (2017全国Ⅲ卷) I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the latest music albums.
7. (2016全国Ⅲ卷) At one time, I ever felt my parents couldn’t understand me, so I hoped I could be freely from them.
8. (2015全国I卷) Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.
9. (2015全国II卷) Mom said, “How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried.” Tony promised her that this would never happen again.
10.  (2014全国I卷) The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste.
11.  (2019年全国Ⅱ卷) One was that I was amazed at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor.
12.  (2016全国Ⅲ卷) They were also the best and worse years in my life.
13.  (2012全国课标卷) I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive.
14.  (2019年全国Ⅱ卷) Then, when I was in the fifth grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much.
15.  (2018年全国Ⅰ卷) Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chickens.
16.  (2017全国Ⅰ卷) I was so nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car.
17.  (2017全国Ⅱ卷) They have also bought some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful information from the Internet.
18.  (2017全国Ⅲ卷) I enjoyed studying different kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums.
19. (2014全国Ⅰ卷) We have been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As a result, the plants are growing somewhere.
20. (2013全国I卷) She is just a distant memory for me now. I remember my grandfather very much.

一、单句语法填空

1. financial考查词性转换。空格中所填单词在句中作定语，修饰名词aid，故需用finance的形容词形式。
2. undoubtedly考查副词。修饰动词空格需填副词形式作状语。
3. beautiful考查词性转换。与long并列修饰名词branches，应用形容词。
4. gently考查副词。修饰动词moved，应用副词，故填gently。
5. poorly考查副词。修饰动词studied作状语,  应用副词,  意为 “研究很少”, 故填poorly。
6. finally考查副词。修饰动词have been acknowledged, 应用副词,  故填finally。
7. wonderful考查词性转换。在系动词is后作表语应用形容词, 故填wonderful。
8. traditional；hugely考查词性转换。修饰名词stories应用形容词，故填traditional；修饰形容词popular应用副词，故填hugely。
9. energetic考查词性转换。作表语要用形容词，表示“精力旺盛的，充满活力的”。
10. actually考查副词。修饰动词is作状语，用副词。
11. global考查词性转换。在名词短语fertilizer consumption前作定语要用形容词, 意为“全球的化肥消耗量”。
12. careful考查词义转换。作表语要用形容词, 句意为: “小心”别走极端。
13. fairly考查副词。修饰形容词unpleasant，表示 “相当地”, 用副词fairly
14. successful考查词义转换。因the most successful为形容词的最高级。
15. finest考查比较等级。由空前的all great artists和空后的choose the best并结合句意可知，此处表示最高级含义，应用finest。
16. higher考查比较等级。由than they actually are可知，此处应用形容词的比较级，故填higher。
17. loudest考查比较等级。根据该句中of all可以判断, 这里指所有猩猩中喊叫“最大声的”, 故用最高级。
18. worse考查比较等级。表示比这“更糟糕的是”。
19.  greater考查比较等级。跟less并列, 一起作importance的定语, 应同less一样用比较级, 表示“比较重要的, 更重要的”。
20. before/earlier考察时间副词。作者“到达(arrived)”阳朔是过去的动作，相对于“到达”这个过去动作来说，在香港的家里就是在“到达”之前，因had been已表明是过去的过去了，即“几个小时之前”，作者在香港家里。与过去完成时连用，通常用“时间段+副词before/earlier”。

二、单句短文改错

1. coolly→cool因句中的looked为系动词，后接形容词作表语，故把coolly改为cool。

2. ordinarily→ordinary修饰名词café, 应用形容词, 故把ordinarily改为ordinary。3. happily→happy 因在系动词felt后作表语要用形容词。

4. Immediate→Immediately修饰全句作状语，用副词，故把Immediate改为Immediately。

5. suddenly→sudden 由不定冠词a, 知后面的stop是一个名词, 故名词前用形容词修饰, 所以把suddenly改成sudden。

6. difference→ different 此处指“不同种类的”, 用different kinds of, 修饰名词用形容词。

7. freely →free作表语要用形容词，be free from意为“摆脱，不受……的影响”。

8. seriously→serious  在名词前作定语要用形容词。

9. terrible→terribly修饰形容词worried用副词。

10. taste→ tasty 与small, juicy并列，作表语，用形容词。

11. 删掉more因better本身已经是比较级，much修饰比较级better表程度，more在此多余，故把more去掉。

12. worse→worst并列连词and前后词语的语法形式不一致, 一个最高级, 一个比较级，这种并列不一致现象一定错了; 因有表示范围的in my life, 所以要用最高级, 故将比较级worse改为最高级worst, 与best并列。

13. little→less由前面的more patient可知，应用比较级。

14. too→very/so此处表示“我非常喜欢我的英语老师”，用so much或very much；而too much表示“太多”，明显不符合语境，故把too改为very/so。

15. here→there相对于说话人来说，离自己近处叫here，离自己远处叫there, 因此 应用go there。

16. late→ later根据句意“几分钟过后”，故把late（晚的/地；迟到的）改成later（随后；之后）。

17. Beside→Besides因besides意为“此外，而且”;而beside是介词，意为“在……旁边”。

18. late→latest由语境可知，此处指“最新的音乐专辑”。

19. somewhere→everywhere句意为：结果，“到处”长着这种果树。

20. much→well /clearly表示“非常清楚地记得某人”用remember sb. very well /clearly。