2022届高考英语高频阅读词组+练习（十二）

2022届高考英语高频阅读词组+练习（十二）

一：词组梳理

1．扬长避短 Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorableones

2．取其精髓，取其糟粕 Take the essence and discard the dregs

3．对…有害 do harm to / be harmful to/ bedetrimental to

4．交流思想/ 情感/ 信息 exchangeideas/ emotions/ information

5．跟上…的最新发展 keep pace with / catch up with/ keepabreast with the latest development of …

6．采取有效措施来… take effective measures to do sth

7．…的健康发展 the healthy development of …

8．有利有弊 Every coin has its two sidesNo garden without weeds

9．对…观点因人而异 Views on …vary from person to person。

10．重视 attach great importance to…

11．社会地位social status

12．come to and end （=finish） 结束

13．end in 以…为结束

14．engage in 或 be engaged in 忙于，从事

15．enter for （=put the name on a list for） 报名参加

16．enter into （=begin） 开始（谈话， 谈判等）

17．enter on upon （=begin） 开始 （一个时代。 一种生涯。 一段任期等）

18．be entitled to （=be given the right to do sth）有权…，有资格…

19．be equal to 等于

20．be feel equal to （=have enough strength， ability etc） （某人）能胜任，能应付 on equal terms（=on and equal footing）平等地

21．be equipped with 装备有，装有

22．（be） equivalent to（=equal in value， amount， meaning） 相等于， 相当于

23．in essence （=in itsone's nature） 本质上

24．at all events （=in spite of everything， in any case） 不论怎样， 无论如何

25．in any event （=whatever happens in the future） 无论如何， 不管（将来）怎么样

26．in the event that（=if） 假如， 如果。 in the event 结果， 实际情况是（常与but 连用）

27．in the event of（=in case of）万一，即使发生……时

28．except 除…以外； besides 除…以外还有……

29．except （=but） 除了。

30．except for （=apart from） 除…以外

31．（an） exception to …的例外

32．with the exception of （=except， apart from） 除去…。， 除…以外

33．in excess of （=more than） 超过

34．exchange…for 以…交换

35．exclusive of （=not taking into account； without） 不包括

36．in excuse of 作为…的借口

37．exert…on… 对…施加…

38．exert oneself to do sth 努力，使劲

39．come into existence （=begin to exist）开始存在； come into use开始使用； come into effect开始运转； come into fashion开始时新； come into action开始行动； come into power开始执政； come into sight进入视野；come into blossom开花；

40．（be） in existence存在 come into existence 出现

41．expect…of 在…期望…

二：习题训练

（A）

Due to a scheduling accident, one Waffle House worker was left alone to run the entire restaurant on a Sunday night.

Ethan Crispo was just one of about 30 hungry customers who wanted food at midnight. After sitting at his table for a while, he noticed there was just one upset employee available to take orders, cook food, clean tables and manage the cash register.

The 24-year-old patron was losing hope of ever getting a meal. The employee who was recognized only by his name tag reading “Ben”-seemed to be on the edge of panic until Crispo saw him speaking to a male customer in a blue shirt sitting at the counter. After a brief conversation, Ben handed him an apron (围裙) and the man got to work washing dishes.

“It was a transition so smooth. I initially assumed it was a staff member returning to his shift,” Crispo told AL.com. “It wasn’t. It was a kind stranger.”

A couple of minutes later, a woman in high heels and a stylish dress walked behind the counter to make more coffee. She then took a few orders before resigning herself to clearing tables. Suddenly, a third customer in a red shirt marched over to help as well, though Crispo failed to catch his name or take a photo of the man at work.

The term “customer service” took on a whole new meaning that night. “It was the most fascinating thing,” Crispo said. “It was just one of the wildest instances of really, really cool people just coming together. It made a difference to many people that night. Certainly, their actions made an impact on me,” he added. “Humanity isn’t just good－it’s great.”

1．What does the underlined word”patron”probably refer to?

A．The employer of the Waffle House. B．Ethan Crispo.

C．Ben. D．A beggar wanting food at midnight.

2．Why did the male customer in a blue shirt go to wash dishes?

A．He was a staff member returning to work.

B．He intended to try new “customer service”.

C．He wanted to give the only worker a hand.

D．He liked to do something before getting his meal.

3．What can we infer from Crispo’s words?

A．A new term “customer service” was created that night.

B．The strangers were paid to help in the Waffle House that night.

C．Many cool people went to the Waffle House to have a party that night.

D．The customers who were willing to offer help showed great humanity.

4．The author wrote the passage in order to

A．show an example of humanity at its finest

B．describe the strangers who helped Ben

C．define what good humanity is

D．show appreciation for the waiter’s hard work

（B）

Certainly, there are many nonverbal 1．     (clue) that have completely different meanings in different cultures. One of the most important means of nonverbal communication in any culture 2．       (be) eye contact. Eye contact, 3      ．simply refers to one person looking another person in the eye, seems to have strong implications in almost every culture though these implications vary4．      (wide) across the globe!

What does eye contact mean in the United States? Here, if you have good eye contact with a person, it generally implies that you are 5．     (concern) with what that person is saying. If you look down or away from a person rather than meeting him or her, you are considered to be either unfocused 6．      uninterested in him or her. Also, if you refuse 7．      （meet) eye contact with a person, you may be considered to lack 8．     (confident).

On the other hand, a person who makes eye contact with another person 9．    (think)  to be confident and bold and courage is always considered a good quality! So, 10．    summary, making eye contact is generally considered a good thing in the United States.

答案及解析

A

【答案】BCDA

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。全文描写了一天晚上餐厅顾客志愿帮忙的经历，展现了人性的光辉时刻，给周围的人带来积极的影响。

1．词义猜测题。根据文章第二段Ethan Crispo was just one of about 30 hungry customers who wanted food at midnight. After sitting at his table for a while, he noticed there was just one upset employee available to take orders, cook food, clean tables and manage the cash register. Ethan Crispo只是大约30名午夜饥肠辘辘的顾客中的一员。在他的桌子旁坐了一会儿后，他注意到只有一个沮丧的员工可以点菜、做饭、清理桌子和管理收银机。由此可知这位24岁的顾客失去了甚至吃上一顿饭的希望。所以patron指的是顾客Crispo，故选B。

2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“It was a transition so smooth. I initially assumed it was a staff member returning to his shift,” Crispo told AL.com. “It wasn’t. It was a kind stranger.” “这是一个非常平稳的过渡。我一开始以为是工作人员去上班了。” Crispo告诉AL.com。“这不是。是个善良的陌生人。” 由此可知，穿蓝衬衫的男顾客只是想帮助这个服务生，故选C。

3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It was the most fascinating thing,” Crispo said. “It was just one of the wildest instances of really, really cool people just coming together. It made a difference to many people that night. Certainly, their actions made an impact on me,” he added. “Humanity isn’t just good－it’s great.” “这是最令人着迷的事情，” Crispo说。“这是非常非常酷的人聚在一起的最疯狂的例子之一。那天晚上对很多人来说都很重要。当然，他们的行为对我产生了影响，”他补充道。“人性不仅仅是好的——它是伟大的。”由此推断Crispo的话就是在赞扬愿意帮助的客户人性的伟大，故选D。

4．推理判断题。全文描写了一天晚上餐厅顾客志愿帮忙的经历，展现了人性的光辉时刻，给周围的人带来积极的影响。由此可以推断作者写这篇文章的目的就是要表现主题，展现人性最好的一面，故选A。

B

【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，眼神交流属于非言语交流的一种，和其在美国的意义。

1．考查名词的数。“There be +主语”结构，名词作主语，此空用名词，此空前有many修饰，应用名词复数。故填clues。

2．考查主谓一致。本文讲的是事实，时态用一般现在时，主语为One of the most important means of nonverbal communication in any culture（任何文化中最重要的非语言交流手段之一），是单数，主谓一致，谓语也用单数is。故填is。

3．考查非限制性定语从句关系词。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Eye contact，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。

4．考查副词。此处用副词widely（很大程度上）作状语修饰动词vary。故填widely。

5．考查固定搭配。句意：在这里，如果你和一个人有很好的眼神交流，这通常意味着你关心那个人在说什么。固定搭配be concerned with…（关心……）。故填concerned。

6．考查连词。句意：如果你低下头，或者远离一个人，而不是去见他/她，你就会被认为是对他/她不关注或不感兴趣。由句意可知，空前空后表选择关系，应用连词or，构成固定搭配either…or…（……或……）。故填or。

7．考查动词不定式。固定搭配refuse to do sth.（拒绝做某事），此处用动词不定式形式（to do）。故填to meet。

8．考查名词。句意：另外，如果你拒绝与一个人进行眼神交流，你可能会被认为缺乏自信。lack后缺乏名词作宾语，confidence意为“自信”是不可数名词，此处用名词confidence。故填confidence。

9．考查时态和语态。本文讲的是事实，时态用一般现在时，主语是a person（定语从句who makes eye contact with another person修饰名词a person），主语a person和谓语动词think是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态（am/is/are done），主语是单数，谓语也用单数。故填is thought。

10．考查固定搭配。固定搭配in summary（总之）。故填in。