2021届高考英语复习之真题阅读词块与阅读练习（六十一）含答案学案

这是一份2021届高考英语复习之真题阅读词块与阅读练习（六十一）含答案学案，共11页。
一：真题试做
Califrnia has lst half its big trees since the 1930s, accrding t a study t be published Tuesday and climate change seems t be a majr factr（因素）.
The number f trees larger than tw feet acrss has declined by 50 percent n mre than 46, 000 square miles f Califrnia frests, the new study finds. N area was spared r unaffected, frm the fggy nrthern cast t the Sierra Nevada Muntains t the San Gabriels abve Ls Angeles. In the Sierra high cuntry, the number f big trees has fallen by mre than 55 percent; in parts f suthern Califrnia the decline was nearly 75 percent.
Many factrs cntributed t the decline, said Patrick Mclntyre, an eclgist wh was the lead authr f the study. Wdcutters targeted big trees. Husing develpment pushed int the wds. Aggressive wildfire cntrl has left Califrnia frests crwded with small trees that cmpete with big trees fr resurces（资源）.
But in cmparing a study f Califrnia frests dne in the 1920s and 1930s with anther ne between 2001 and 2010, Mclntyre and his clleagues dcumented a widespread death f big trees that was evident even in wildlands prtected frm wdcutting r develpment.
The lss f big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shrtage. The researchers figured ut water stress with a cmputer mdel that calculated hw much water trees were getting in cmparisn with hw much they needed, taking int accunt such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness f sil, and the timing f snwmelt（融雪）.
Since the 1930s, Mclntyre said, the biggest factrs driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees t lse mre water t the air, and earlier snwmelt, which reduces the water supply available t trees during the dry seasn.
1. What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A. The seriusness f big-tree lss in Califrnia.
B. The increasing variety f Califrnia big trees.
C. The distributin f big trees in Califrnia frests.
D. The influence f farming n big trees in Califrnia.
2. Which f the fllwing is well-intentined but may be bad fr big trees?
A. Eclgical studies f frests.B. Banning wdcutting.
C. Limiting husing develpment.D. Fire cntrl measures.
3. What is a majr cause f the water shrtage accrding t Mclntyre?
A. Inadequate snwmelt. B. A lnger dry seasn.
C. A warmer climate. D. Dampness f the air.
4. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Califrnia's Frests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gne?
B. Cutting f Big Trees t Be Prhibited in Califrnia Sn
C. Why Are the Big Trees Imprtant t Califrnia Frests?
D. Patrick Mclntyre: Grw Mre Big Trees in Califrnia
参考答案：ADCA
二：词块梳理
1：publish
英[ˈpʌblɪʃ] 美[ˈpʌblɪʃ]
v. 出版，刊登；发表；公布
变形
过去分词：published
现在分词：publishing
过去式：published
第三人称单数：publishes
双语例句
1.They publish this reprt with all reserve.
他们发表这消息,但不保证其真伪.
2.Official publish retail price list fr each mdel is available separately.
各款型号之公布零售价目表另行提供.
3.I shall publish a sheet full f thughts every mrning.
我打算每天上午发表一整张随感文字.
2：actr
英[ˈfæktə(r)] 美[ˈfæktər]
n. 因素；因子；倍数；系数
v. 把…因素包括进去
变形
复数：factrs
双语例句
1.With the chill factr, it's nearly minus frty here.
加上风寒指数, 气温接近零下40度.
2.Pr rganizatin was certainly a cntributry factr t the crisis.
组织不善肯定是导致危机的因素之一.
3.Her previus experience in scial wrk is a plus factr.
她先前在社会工作方面的经验是一个有利因素.
3：decline
英[dɪˈklaɪn] 美[dɪˈklaɪn]
v. 减少；衰落；下降；衰退；婉拒；（单词）变格
n. 下降，减少；衰落
变形
过去分词：declined
现在分词：declining
过去式：declined
第三人称单数：declines
双语例句
1.The decline f sales embarrassed the cmpany.
销路下降使公司陷于财政困难.
2.His father is n the decline.
他父亲的身体越来越弱.
3.Prices at the fairs are stable with a slight decline.
价格稳中有降.
4：spared
v. 抽出( spare的过去式和过去分词 )；节省；（尤指不会造成不便或损失地）供给；剩下
双语例句
1.We have lst everything, but thank Gd, ur lives have been spared.
我们已经失去了一切，不过谢天谢地，总算是保住了性命。
2.Nt a man was spared.
无人得以幸免。
3.Prisners are spared the indignity f wearing unifrms.
囚犯们不必忍受身穿囚服的侮辱。
5：fggy
英[ˈfɒɡi] 美[ˈfɑːɡi]
adj. 有雾的；模糊的
变形
比较级：fggier
最高级：fggiest
双语例句
1.It's like a lt f fggy memries that I'll never have access t.
有很多模糊的记忆就好像我从来没有经历过一样.
2.Cmpsing is like driving dwn a fggy rad tward a huse.
作曲就好像在一条雾气弥漫的道路上向一所房子行进.
3.It was a fggy right t be fishing n the cast.
这是一个有雾的夜晚,在岸边捕鱼.
6：cntribute
英[kənˈtrɪbjuːt] 美[kənˈtrɪbjuːt]
v. 捐献；增加，增进；做贡献；促成；撰稿；讲话；是…的原因
变形
过去分词：cntributed
现在分词：cntributing
过去式：cntributed
第三人称单数：cntributes
双语例句
1.Cllids cntribute t the character f the sil in ther ways.
胶质体对土壤的其它性状也有影响.
2.Wetland prjects prvide an pprtunity t psitively cntribute t reginal bidiversity and preservatin f natural ecsystems.
湿地项目对区域生物多样性和自然生态系统的保护有积极的贡献.
3.The appliance alne island , whereas campus netwrk can cntribute mre.
应用校园网可发挥更大的作用.
7：eclgist
英[iˈkɒlədʒɪst] 美[iˈkɑːlədʒɪst]
n. 生态学者
变形
复数：eclgists
双语例句
1.Saturatin f a bitpe is f special interest t the eclgist.
生境小区的饱和对生态学家是特别有意义的.
2.Eclgist wh lked fr patterns in nature regarded fd as an rganizing influence in cmmunities.
观察自然界的格局的生态学家认为食物对群落具有组织结构的影响.
7：target
英[ˈtɑːɡɪt] 美[ˈtɑːrɡɪt]
n. 目标；对象；靶子
v. 以…为攻击目标；瞄准，面向
变形
过去分词：targeted；targetted
现在分词：targetting；targeting
过去式：targeted；targetted
复数：targets
第三人称单数：targets
双语例句
1.The minister appealed t the Cabinet nt t target her cmparatively tiny budget f ￡4 billin.
那位部长呼吁内阁不要以她40亿英镑这样相对小额的预算为批评目标.
2.He culd hit his target ne hundred times withut a single miss.
他打靶能百发百中.
3.The arrw penetrated thrugh the centre f target.
箭穿透靶心.
8：aggressive
英[əˈɡresɪv] 美[əˈɡresɪv]
adj. 好斗的，挑衅的；积极进取的；声势浩大的
变形
比较级：mre aggressive
最高级：mst aggressive
双语例句
1.T be hnest, he is t aggressive.
平心而论, 他太倔强了.
2.The dgs are trained t be aggressive.
这些狗被训练得具有攻击性.
3.Yu'd better keep the tw aggressive bys apart.
你最好把那两个好斗的男孩分开.
9：crwd
英[kraʊd] 美[kraʊd]
n. 人群；观众；一伙人；老百姓；群众
v. 聚集在…；逼近；（使）拥挤；涌上心头
变形
过去分词：crwded
现在分词：crwding
过去式：crwded
复数：crwds
第三人称单数：crwds
双语例句
1.The crwd tingled with excitement.
群众大为兴奋.
2.A large crwd f custmers swarmed befre the cunter.
柜台前挤满了一大群顾客.
3.Mr. Smith is seeing peple all mrning, but if the matter is urgent I'll see if I can crwd yu in.
整个上午史密斯先生都在接待来客, 但如果你的事情紧急,我就看看能不能为你安排一下会面.
10：clleague
英[ˈkɒliːɡ] 美[ˈkɑːliːɡ]
n. 同事；同行
变形
复数：clleagues
双语例句
1.Heand his clleague Ingrid Strm lked at liberals and cnservatives ( in theAmerican senses f the wrds ).
他与他的同事英格里德·斯道姆对自由主义者和保守主义者 ( 美国人的语言方式 ) 进行了观察.
2.This is Mr. Zhang Lihua, my frmer schlmate. This is my clleague , Miss Li Ming.
这位是我的老同学张力华. 这是我的同事李明.
3.His discvery extinguished the achievements f his clleague.
他的发现使他同事的成就黯然失色.
11：evident
英[ˈevɪdənt] 美[ˈevɪdənt]
adj. 清楚的；显然的
双语例句
1.It must be evident t all f yu that he has made a mistake.
你们一定很清楚,他犯了错误.
2.Never befre in histry has the issue f excess explitatin been mre evident than nw.
历史上从来没有出现过像现在这样过度开发的问题.
3.The servant quitted the apartment with evident signs f astnishment.
于是那仆人带着一脸的惊异神色退出了房间.
12：calculate
英[ˈkælkjuleɪt] 美[ˈkælkjuleɪt]
v. 计算；估算；估计；预料
变形
过去分词：calculated
现在分词：calculating
过去式：calculated
第三人称单数：calculates
双语例句
1.I frgt t calculate this year's additin t the taxes when I paid my bill.
我在支付账单时忘了计算今年增加的税款了.
2.The scientist culd nt calculate when the spaceship wuld reach the Jupiter.
那位科学家没有算出那艘宇宙飞船什么时候会到达木星.
3.The abacus is Chinese great inventin, it can calculate is an up the earliest calculatr.
算盘是中国人的伟大发明, 它可以算得上是最早的计算器.
13：supply
英[səˈplaɪ] 美[səˈplaɪ]
n. 提供，供应（量）；储备；补给品
v. 供应，提供；补充，填充
变形
过去分词：supplied
现在分词：supplying
过去式：supplied
复数：supplies
第三人称单数：supplies
双语例句
1.The supply is inadequate t meet the demand.
供不应求.
2.We pasted the enemy's greatest surce f supply.
我们对敌人的最大补给来源予以重击.
3.That by has eaten thrugh a week's supply in a day!
这小伙子一天就吃光了一个星期的食品!
三：阅读训练
The regular wrld presented t us by ur five senses—yu culd call it reality 1.0—is nt always the mst user-friendly f places. We get lst in unfamiliar cities;we meet peple whse language we dn’t understand. S why nt try the imprved versin: augmented reality (AR) r reality 2.0? AR technlgy adds cmputer-prduced images (图像) n the real wrld via a mbile phne camera r special vide glasses.
Early frms f AR are already here. With the right dwnlads, smartphnes can deliver infrmatin abut nearby ATMs, restaurants and ther pints f interest. But that’s just the beginning. A few years frm nw the quantity f infrmatin available will have increased hugely. Yu will nt nly see that there’s a Chinese restaurant n the next blck, but yu will be able t see the menu and read reviews f it.
This is where the next revlutin in cmputing will take place: in the interface (界面) between the real wrld and the infrmatin brught t us via the Internet. Imagine bubbles flating befre yur eyes, filled with cl infrmatin abut anything and everything that yu see in frnt f yu.
Let’s jump ahead t ten years frm nw. A persn trying t fix his car wn’t be reading a bk with pictures;he will be wearing a device that prjects animated 3D cmputer graphics nt the equipment under repair, labelling parts and giving step-by-step guidance.
The windw nt the AR wrld can be a smartphne r special vide glasses. But in ten years these will have been replaced by cntact lenses (隐形眼镜) with tiny LEDs, which present smething at a readable distance in frnt f the eye. S a deaf persn wearing these lenses will be able t see what peple are saying.
The questin is, while we are all absrbed in ur new augmented reality wrlds, hw will we be cmmunicating with each ther?
1.What des the text mainly talk abut?
A.The next infrmatin technlgy revlutin.
B.Early frms f augmented reality technlgy.
C.The differences between reality 1.0 and reality 2.0.
D.The relatinship between peple living in reality 2.0.
2.What des the underlined wrd “it” refer t in Paragraph 2?
A.The menu.B.The blck.C.The revlutin.D.The restaurant.
3.What are tiny LEDs used t d?
A.Prtect peple’s eyes.
B.Shw text and images.
C.Warn users f dangers.
D.Replace vide glasses.
4.What’s the authr’s attitude twards AR technlgy?
A.Dubtful.B.Disapprving.C.Favurable.D.Ambiguus.
答案
本文为说明文。作者主要介绍了AR技术(增强现实技术)的发展即将给人们的工作、生活带来的巨大变化。AR技术是下一场信息技术革命。
1.A 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了AR技术(增强现实技术)的发展即将给人们的工作、生活带来的巨大变化,比如你可以直接戴上仪器,然后直接根据显示器上的图表自行修理汽车,失聪的人可以通过眼前的隐形眼镜上的视频观看某人的说话内容等。其余选项有所涉及,但不是主要内容。故选A项。
2.D 词义猜测题。根据前文信息可知,通过AR,你不仅可以看到下一个街区中餐馆的位置,还可以看到该餐馆的菜单和人们对它的评论。因此推断it指代的是那个餐馆。故选D项。
3.B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的 tiny LEDs, which present smething at a readable distance in frnt f the eye.可知,这种装在隐形眼镜上的发光二极管是用来在人的眼前可读范围内展示某些东西的设备;再结合本句后面的举例:失聪的人戴上这种隐形眼镜后可以看见人们的讲话内容。故选B项。
4.C 推理判断题。作者在第一段谈到reality 1.0反映给人们的信息不准确,对用户不友好,比如在陌生城市会迷路、我们会遇到听不懂的语言等。作者提出为什么不试一试reality 1.0的升级版reality 2.0 (AR technlgy)呢,由此可知,作者对该技术持肯定态度。故选C项。目录
内容
第一部分
高考真题试做
第二部分
真题词块解析
第三部分
模拟题训练