2021届高考英语复习之真题阅读词块与阅读练习（四十七）学案

这是一份2021届高考英语复习之真题阅读词块与阅读练习（四十七）学案，共9页。

一：真题试做
Bacteria are an annying prblem fr astrnauts. The micrrganisms（微生物） frm ur bdies grw uncntrllably n surfaces f the Internatinal Space Statin, s astrnauts spend hurs cleaning them up each week. Hw is NASA vercming this very tiny big prblem? It’s turning t a bunch f high schl kids. But nt just any kids. It depending n NASA HUNCH high schl classrms, like the ne science teachers Gene Grdn and Dnna Himmelberg lead at Fairprt High Schl in Fairprt, New Yrk.
HUNCH is designed t cnnect high schl classrms with NASA engineers. Fr the past tw years, Grdn’s students have been studying ways t kill bacteria in zer gravity, and they think they’re clse t a slutin（解决方案）. “We dn’t give the students any breaks. They have t d it just like NASA engineers,” says Flrence Gld, a prject manager.
"There are n tests," Grdn says. "There is n graded hmewrk. There almst are n grades, ther than 'Are yu wrking twards yur gal?' Basically, it’s 'I’ve gt t prduce this prduct and then, at the end f year, present it t NASA.' Engineers cme and really d an in-persn review, and... it’s nt a very nice thing at times. It’s a hard business review f yur prduct."
Grdn says the HUNCH prgram has an impact（影响） n cllege admissins and practical life skills. "These kids are s absrbed in their studies that I just sit back. I dn’t teach." And that annying bacteria? Grdn says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers abut the prblem, readying a wrkable slutin t test in space.
32. What d we knw abut the bacteria in the Internatinal Space Statin?
A. They are hard t get rid f.B. They lead t air pllutin.
C. They appear in different frms.D. They damage the instruments.
33. What is the purpse f the HUNCH prgram?
A. T strengthen teacher-student relatinships.
B. T sharpen students’ cmmunicatin skills.
C. T allw students t experience zer gravity.
D. T link space technlgy with schl educatin.
34. What d the NASA engineers d fr the students in the prgram?
A. Check their prduct. B. Guide prject designs.
C. Adjust wrk schedules.D. Grade their hmewrk.
35. What is the best title fr the text?
A. NASA: The Hme f AstrnautsB. Space: The Final Hmewrk Frntier
C. Nature: An Outdr ClassrmD. HUNCH: A Cllege Admissin Refrm
参考答案：ADAB
二：词块梳理
1：Bacteria
英[bækˈtɪəriə] 美[bækˈtɪriə]
[医]细菌：在以前的分类系统中，为原核生物界(Prcarytae)的一分支，除蓝绿色藻类外，包括所有原核生物。又见Prcarytae
双语例句
1.Wash everything thrughly t avid cntaminatin with bacteria.
把所有东西都彻底洗净以避免细菌污染.
2.Children were mre severely infected by the deadly bacteria.
孩子们被致命细菌感染地更严重了.
3.The granularity f cal, inculatin amunt f bacteria and additinal nitrgen have sme effect n desulfurizatin.
煤样的粒度 、 菌接种量、加氮源对脱硫有一定影响.
2：astrnaut
英[ˈæstrənɔːt] 美[ˈæstrənɔːt]
n. 宇航员
变形
复数：astrnauts
双语例句
1.Neil Armstrng is the first astrnaut t walk n the mn.
尼尔·阿姆斯特朗是第一位在月球漫步的宇航员.
2.When des a bxer lk like an astrnaut?
拳击手什么时候象宇航员?
3.The astrnaut was welcmed with jyus , resunding acclaim.
人们欢声雷动地迎接那位宇航员.
3：uncntrllably
英[ˌʌnkənˈtrəʊləbli] 美[ ˌʌnkənˈtrʊləbli]
adv. 无法控制地
变形
形容词：uncntrllable
双语例句
1.I started shaking uncntrllably and began t cry.
我不由自主地开始发抖，接着就哭了起来。
2.Her heart raced uncntrllably.
她控制不住地心跳加速。
3.She started t weep uncntrllably.
她不由自主地哭了起来。
4：surface
英[ˈsɜːfɪs] 美[ˈsɜːrfɪs]
n. 表面，表层；台面，操作台；外表
v. 浮出水面；公开；露面
adj. (军队)陆上的，水上的
变形
过去分词：surfaced
现在分词：surfacing
过去式：surfaced
复数：surfaces
第三人称单数：surfaces
双语例句
1.A gentle wind disturbed the surface f the water.
微风拂动水面.
2.This paint will adhere t any surface, whether rugh r smth.
这种油漆能附着于任何粗糙或光滑的表面.
3.T make an investigatin ne , shuld g int matters deeply, nt just scratch the surface.
做调查工作不能蜻蜓点水, 要深入实际.
5：depend
英[dɪˈpend] 美[dɪˈpend]
v. 取决于；依赖
变形
过去分词：depended
现在分词：depending
过去式：depended
第三人称单数：depends
双语例句
1.Yu may depend n their supprt.
你可依靠他们的支持.
2.Yu may depend n his / him cming.
你可以相信他会来.
3.Yu can depend n him t make a sund chice.
你可以依靠他作出正确的选择.
6：cnnect
英[kəˈnekt] 美[kəˈnekt]
v. (使)连接/接通；把…联系起来；联运；(使)换乘；产生共鸣
变形
过去分词：cnnected
现在分词：cnnecting
过去式：cnnected
第三人称单数：cnnects
双语例句
1.The schl recently launched Alumni Career Services, helping its alumni t cnnect with businesses hires.
伦敦商学院最近启动一个校友职业服务中心, 旨在帮助它的学生与各大企业建立联系.
2.It can illuminate like 15 w incandescence bulb, just cnnect t the telephne line.
仅仅接通电话线即可发出相当于15瓦白炽灯的光亮!
3.Cnnect the air inlet hse t the thrttle bdy and the air cleaner.
将空气入口软管接至节流阀体和空气滤清器.
7：slutin
英[səˈluːʃn] 美[səˈluːʃn]
n. 解决办法；溶解；答案
变形
复数：slutins
双语例句
1.They have arrived at a slutin via scientific investigatin.
他们通过科学的调查研究得出了解决问题的办法.
2.We must apply ur energies t finding a slutin.
我们必须全力想出一个解决的办法.
3.Adding sulphate t the slutin will give a precipitate.
将硫酸盐加入该溶液会产生沉淀.
8：impact
英[ˈɪmpækt , ɪmˈpækt] 美[ˈɪmpækt , ɪmˈpækt]
n. 影响；作用；冲击力
v. 对…有影响；冲击；撞击
变形
过去分词：impacted
现在分词：impacting
过去式：impacted
复数：impacts
第三人称单数：impacts
双语例句
1.The cmputer had made a great impact n mdern life.
计算机对现代生活产生了巨大的影响.
2.Technlgy has had an irreversible impact n sciety.
技术已对社会产生不可逆转的影响.
3.The impact f the crash hurtled the driver against the windshield f the car.
碰撞的冲击力使驾驶员猛撞在车子的挡风玻璃上.
9：admissin
英[ədˈmɪʃn] 美[ədˈmɪʃn]
n. 进入，准许加入；承认；入场费；入院治疗；坦白
变形
复数：admissins
双语例句
1.Yu have t pay ￡2 admissin.
你须付2英镑入场费.
2.We attached a cnditin t his admissin t ur schl.
我们对准许他入校附加了一个条件.
3.A clever lawyer shuld be able t trick the prisner int an admissin f guilt.
聪明的律师应能诱使罪犯认罪.
10：absrb
英[əbˈzɔːb] 美[əbˈzɔːrb]
v. 吸收；理解，掌握；合并，同化；消减，缓冲；经受住；使全神贯注
变形
过去分词：absrbed
现在分词：absrbing
过去式：absrbed
第三人称单数：absrbs
双语例句
1.Mist sil absrb absrbs mre heat than lse lse, dry sil cvered with mulch r vegetatin.
湿润的土壤吸收的热量比流失的要多, 干燥的土壤要用护根或植被覆盖.
2.The lamphlder is made f aluminum ally ability t absrb paint and it is crrsin resistant.
底座采用铝合金铸造,漆层附着力好,耐腐蚀.
3.Absrb and stck gas as autmtive fuel by using a kind f new activated carbn absrbent.
采用一种新型活性炭吸附剂,将天然气吸附贮存作为汽车燃料.
11：wrkable
英[ˈwɜ:kəbl] 美[ˈwɜrkəbl]
adj. 可行的；可经营的；（物质）可加工的；可塑的
双语例句
1.Let me knw if are wrkable fr the designs.
请告诉我这些设计是否具有可行性.
2.Plans are always very essential, s we must make sme elabrate and wrkable plans befre study.
制定英语学习计划太重要了, 所以我们必须在学习前制定精细的和可操作的计划.
3.It is easy fr a gd designer t build a wrkable gas bearing.
一个好的设计者做出一个可工作的气体轴承并不难.
三：阅读训练
I decided t ski t the Nrth Ple. It was after I saw an advertisement in a newspaper lking fr peple t jin a team t ski 350 miles t the Nrth Ple. Back in 1996, there had never been a wman frm the UK wh had accmplished this challenge. I wndered what it wuld be like t survive in temperatures cld enugh t freeze yur flesh in secnds, s I sent ff fr the applicatin frm.
The applicatin frm full f pictures f male explrers arrived. The wrds “Are yu man enugh fr the ultimate(极限的) challenge?” made me angry and even mre determined t get n the team.
Over 500 individuals applied fr a place in the team, and the selectin prcess included physical and psychlgical tests designed t pick the best grup. In ne test, there was a huge rpe ladder we had t climb, and I frze at the tp because I had a fear f heights. I thught my hpes were fading as mst ther applicants sailed past, leaving me behind. But tw thers helped me ut, and later I fund ut that the rganizers were nt lking fr amazing individuals, but great team players, and this mment had shwn them wh wuld take care f thers in the team.
I had revealed(显示)my weakness, and in a place like the Arctic, yu have t be yurself, as there is nwhere t hide. These persnalities f asking fr help and shwing weaknesses are necessary fr wmen t master.
I realized that by being myself, I culd succeed. I was selected fr the team. I realized that I culd achieve mre than I ever imagined—mre imprtantly, by sharing my stry with thers, I culd inspire them t take a step int the unknwn.
1.Hw did the authr react n seeing the advertisement?
A.She gt crss.B.She was determined.
C.She gt frightened.D.She was uninterested.
2.What did the rganizers view as the mst imprtant in the selectin f new hands?
A.Persnal qualities.B.Individual abilities.
C.Spirit f teamwrk.D.Curage t challenge.
3.What des the authr think f wmen’s shwing weaknesses?
A.Beneficial.B.Shameful.C.Merciful.D.Disturbing.
4.What’s the intentin f the authr in writing this passage?
A.T inspire us t prepare fr ur future gal.
B.T advise wmen hw t turn t thers.
C.T make suggestins t her team members.
D.T encurage peple t explre the unknwn.
答案 本文为记叙文,主要讲述了作者申请加入去北极的滑雪队,并成功加入的故事。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段,尤其是第一、二句“I decided t ski t the Nrth Ple. It was after I saw an advertisement in a newspaper lking fr peple t jin a team t ski 350 miles t the Nrth Ple.”可知,作者看到这个广告后就下定决心要滑雪去北极。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可推知,团队组织者挑选新队员时认为最重要的一点就是队员们要有团队合作精神。
3.A 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“These persnalities f asking fr help and shwing weaknesses are necessary fr wmen t master.”可推知,女性示弱是有用的。
4.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们去探索未知的世界。目录
内容
第一部分
高考真题试做
第二部分
真题词块解析
第三部分
模拟题训练