2021届高考英语复习之真题阅读词块与阅读练习（五十）含答案详解学案

这是一份2021届高考英语复习之真题阅读词块与阅读练习（五十）含答案详解学案，共13页。

一：真题试做
Mnkeys seem t have a way with numbers.
A team f researchers trained three Rhesus mnkeys t assciate 26 clearly different symbls cnsisting f numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drps f water r juice as a reward. The researchers then tested hw the mnkeys cmbined—r added—the symbls t get the reward.
Here's hw Harvard Medical Schl scientist Margaret Livingstne, wh led the team, described the experiment: In their cages the mnkeys were prvided with tuch screens. On ne part f the screen, a symbl wuld appear, and n the ther side tw symbls inside a circle were shwn. Fr example, the number 7 wuld flash n ne side f the screen and the ther end wuld have 9 and 8. If the mnkeys tuched the left side f the screen they wuld be rewarded with seven drps f water r juice; if they went fr the circle, they wuld be rewarded with the sum f the numbers—17 in this example.
After running hundreds f tests, the researchers nted that the mnkeys wuld g fr the higher values mre than half the time, indicating that they were perfrming a calculatin, nt just memrizing the value f each cmbinatin.
When the team examined the results f the experiment mre clsely, they nticed that the mnkeys tended t underestimate（低估）a sum cmpared with a single symbl when the tw were clse in value—smetimes chsing, fr example, a 13 ver the sum f 8 and 6. The underestimatin was systematic: When adding tw numbers, the mnkeys always paid attentin t the larger f the tw, and then added nly a fractin（小部分）f the smaller number t it.
"This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains, "Dr. Livingstne says. “But in this experiment what they're ding is paying mre attentin t the big number than the little ne.”
32. What did the researchers d t the mnkeys befre testing them?
A. They fed them.B. They named them.
C. They trained them.D. They measured them.
33. Hw did the mnkeys get their reward in the experiment?
A. By drawing a circle.B. By tuching a screen.
C. By watching vides.D. By mixing tw drinks.
34. What did Livingstne's team find abut the mnkeys?
A. They culd perfrm basic additin.B. They culd understand simple wrds.
C. They culd memrize numbers easily.D. They culd hld their attentin fr lng.
35. In which sectin f a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Entertainment.B. Health.C. Educatin.D. Science.
参考答案：CBAD
二：词块梳理
1：train
英[treɪn] 美[treɪn]
n. 火车；行列；一系列相关的事情； 拖裾
v. 训练；教育；培养；修整
变形
过去分词：trained
现在分词：training
过去式：trained
复数：trains
第三人称单数：trains
双语例句
1.Crwds f schl children piled nt the train as sn as it arrived.
列车一到,小学生就成群地向列车拥去.
2.This train ticket is valid fr three days.
这张车票3日内有效.
3.I've put yur luggage n the train.
我已把你的行李搬上火车了.
2：assciate
英[əˈsəʊsieɪt , əˈsəʊʃieɪt] 美[əˈsʊsieɪt , əˈsəʊʃieɪt]
v. 联想，联系；使与（某个组织、事业或观点）有关系；公开支持；与…交往
变形
过去分词：assciated
现在分词：assciating
过去式：assciated
复数：assciates
第三人称单数：assciates
双语例句
1.Many f them are assistant r assciate prfessrs r adjunct prfessrs.
其中许多是主力教授、兼职教授或副教授.
2.Yu will cmprmise yur gd name if yu assciate with these peple.
你如果与这些人交往就会损害你的好名声.
3.Assciate with text line the number f bytes f HTML required t describe it.
以行或段的形式保存解析输出的文本.
3：symbl
英[ˈsɪmbl] 美[ˈsɪmbl]
n. 象征，代表；标志；符号，记号
变形
复数：symbls
双语例句
1.The staff with the snake has lng been a symbl f medicine and the medical prfessin.
长久以来,盘绕着蛇的手杖一直是医学以及行医者的象征.
2.A ring like symBl suggesting unity.
让人想到团结的环状标记.
3.She had a silver peace symbl hanging n a chain arund her neck.
她有一个银制的和平标志挂在项链上.
4：cnsist
英[kənˈsɪst] 美[kənˈsɪst]
v. 由…组成；在于
变形
过去分词：cnsisted
现在分词：cnsisting
过去式：cnsisted
第三人称单数：cnsists
双语例句
1.These stupas cnsist f Mandala with five Buddhas.
五佛义理出现较晚,源自显宗华严思想.
2.It is unimaginative, flat, dry and likely t cnsist f mere wind.
这样的开头没有想像力, 枯燥,单调, 可能只由风组成.
3.Batteries cnsist f tw different metals suspended in an acidic slutin.
在使用酸的电池制造方式中需要两种不同的金属.
5：selective
英[sɪˈlektɪv] 美[sɪˈlektɪv]
adj. 精心选择的；选择的，不普遍的；淘汰的
变形
副词：selectively
名词：selectivity
双语例句
1.He seemed t have a very selective recall f past events.
他好像对过去的事情有选择地回忆.
2.The blended pwder f nyln 12 and wllastnite was mlded by selective laser sintering ( SLS ).
摘要将尼龙12与硅灰石的混合粉末进行选择性 激光烧结 成型.
3.Magazine advertising is perhaps the mst prestigius, and direct mail is certainly the mst selective medium.
电视紧跟其后排第二位,杂志广告可能是最有威信的, 邮件广告肯定是最具有选择性的媒体.
6：cmbine
英[kəmˈbaɪn , ˈkɒmbaɪn] 美[kəmˈbaɪn , ˈkɑːmbaɪn]
v. 使结合，混合；融合；协力，联合；同时做
n. 联盟，集团；联合收割机
变形
过去分词：cmbined
现在分词：cmbining
过去式：cmbined
第三人称单数：cmbines
双语例句
1.The tw ld schls are t cmbine t frm ne big new schl.
这两所旧学校将合并组成一所新的大学校.
2.Whisk egg whites and cnfectiners'sugar until very firm . Cmbine hazelnut flur, cnfectiners'sugar and flur.
将蛋白与糖打发后加入已混合过筛的榛果粉 、 糖及面粉混合搅拌.
3.As synchrnus mtrs, they are able t cmbine high trques with lw speeds.
作为同步电机, 他们能输出低速大转矩.
7：reward
英[rɪˈwɔːd] 美[rɪˈwɔːrd]
n. 报酬；奖励，回报；赏金
v. 奖励；酬谢；值得（付出）
变形
过去分词：rewarded
现在分词：rewarding
过去式：rewarded
复数：rewards
第三人称单数：rewards
双语例句
1.Financial reward: 1997 salary f $ 1.5 millin. Cash bnus f $ 4.5 millin.
金钱回报: 1997年工资150万美元, 现金奖励450万美元.
2.He certainly merits such a reward.
他确实应得到这样的报酬.
3.The reward has never been claimed.
从未有人来认领这笔赏金.
8：describe
英[dɪˈskraɪb] 美[dɪˈskraɪb]
v. 描述；把…称为；做…运动；形成…形状；认为；描画
变形
形容词：describable
过去分词：described
现在分词：describing
过去式：described
第三人称单数：describes
双语例句
1.Wh'd like t describe what happened just nw?
谁来描述一下刚才所发生的情形?
2.Wrds can hardly describe hw excited we were.
我们激动的心情难以用笔墨来形容.
3.She tried herself t describe what she remembered.
她尽量说出她记得的情况.
9：prvide
英[prəˈvaɪd] 美[prəˈvaɪd]
v. 提供；规定
变形
过去分词：prvided
现在分词：prviding
过去式：prvided
第三人称单数：prvides
双语例句
1.Mst cmputer games prvide sme kind f wish fulfilment.
大部份电子游戏满足人们的某种愿望.
2.It is highly imprtant t prvide fr the future.
预先做好准备非常重要.
3.These tw criticisms prvide a gd starting pint.
这两条批评意见开创了良好的开端.
10：appear
英[əˈpɪə(r)] 美[əˈpɪr]
v. 看来，好像；出现；出演；起源，首次使用；出版，广播；演出；抵达；出庭
变形
过去分词：appeared
现在分词：appearing
过去式：appeared
第三人称单数：appears
双语例句
1.Babies f tw mnths ld d nt appear t be reluctant t enter the water.
两个月的婴儿并不显得不肯下水.
2.They appear t have misunderstd me.
他们似乎误解了我.
3.In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and lng black stckings.
在那出戏里, 她必须穿着一件鲜红色的衣裙和深筒袜子出场.
11：value
英[ˈvæljuː] 美[ˈvæljuː]
n. 价值（观）；重要性，用途；划算程度；数值
v. 重视，珍视；给…估价
变形
过去分词：valued
现在分词：valuing
过去式：valued
复数：values
第三人称单数：values
双语例句
1.When mney falls in value, there is n encuragement t save.
货币贬值时, 就无法鼓励人们储蓄.
2.The value f the prperty has been valued at ￡ . 30000.
财产估价为30000英镑.
3.Building the new railway appreciates the value f the land.
修建这条铁路提高了土地的价值.
12：indicate
英[ˈɪndɪkeɪt] 美[ˈɪndɪkeɪt]
v. 表明，暗示；指示；象征；打转向灯指示转弯；被建议
变形
过去分词：indicated
现在分词：indicating
过去式：indicated
第三人称单数：indicates
双语例句
1.An icn appears n the screen t indicate when yu are cntrlling the far end camera.
当您正控制远端摄像机时,屏幕上会出现一个图标.
2.Shuffle and shamble indicate mving withut lifting the feet cmpletely ff the grund.
shuffle和shamble均指行走时脚不完全离开地面.
3.Thrwn t indicate that a thread is nt in an apprpriate state fr the requested peratin.
对于请求的操作,线程不在一个适当的状态时抛出.
13：ntice
英[ˈnəʊtɪs] 美[ˈnʊtɪs]
v. 意识到；注意
n. 注意；通知；预告；启事；短评
变形
过去分词：nticed
现在分词：nticing
过去式：nticed
复数：ntices
第三人称单数：ntices
双语例句
1.He tre dwn the ntice.
他把布告揭了下来.
2.Did yu ntice where I put my sunshade?
你注意到我把遮阳伞放哪儿了 吗 ?
3.The ntice was put up by the editrial bard f the schl jurnal.
布告是校刊编委会贴的.
14：tend
英[tend] 美[tend]
v. 往往会；倾向于；个人认为；护理，照料；招待
变形
过去分词：tended
现在分词：tending
过去式：tended
第三人称单数：tends
双语例句
1.He means n harm by saying what he thinks, but peple tend t be upset by it.
他想到什么就说什么,并无恶意, 但人们听了心里总是不舒服.
2.Bulky clthes tend t hinder mvement.
肥大的衣服常常碍手碍脚.
3.He'd gt a way f his wn and I tend t take after him.
他有自己的一套方式,我想效仿他.
15：cmpare
英[kəmˈpeə(r)] 美[kəmˈper]
v. 比较；把…比作；相比；与…类似
n. 举世无双
变形
过去分词：cmpared
现在分词：cmparing
过去式：cmpared
第三人称单数：cmpares
双语例句
1.Hw des yur new huse cmpare with yur ld ne?
你的新房子和你的旧房子比起来 怎样 ?
2.Her beauty is beynd cmpare.
她无比美丽.
3.Few can equal [ cmpare with ] her in manual dexterity.
论手巧,一般人都不如她.
16：represent
英[ˌreprɪˈzent] 美[ˌreprɪˈzent]
v. 代表；象征；维护…的利益；相当于；描绘；正式提出
变形
过去分词：represented
现在分词：representing
过去式：represented
第三人称单数：represents
双语例句
1.If yu prduce such tls, yu will create bjects that represent classes.
如果您编写这样的工具, 您将会创建代表类的对象.
2.First, the much weaker exprts represent a negative demand shck that is deflatinary.
首先, 严重恶化的出口造成一种负需求冲击,也就是通货紧缩.
3.Members represent % f wrld ecnmy ecnmic activity and 80 % f trade.
其成员国代表了世界经济活动的%和世界贸易的80%.
三：阅读训练
D yu believe in the pwer f music? If yu’re like mst kids these days, yu prbably have an electrnic device laded with hundreds r even thusands f yur favrite sngs. At any mment in time, yu can fill yur headphnes with the sunds f a particular sng that suits yur md at that exact time.
Are yu getting ready fr a big sccer match r d yu need t get excited? Maybe sme hip hp with a strng beat will d the trick! Besides, yu might be ready t study fr a big exam the next day. T calm yur nerves and help yu cncentrate, a little bit f Mzart might make memrizatin mre manageable.
But is there any scientific evidence f these effects that music seems t have? Yu bet there is! Scientists have lng recgnized the pwer f music. Over the years, many studies have been cnducted t examine in greater depth the nature and extent f the effects music has n peple.
Fr example, scientists at the University f Missuri have fund that listening t music can have a psitive effect n yur md. Their research gives scientific credibility(可信性) t the behavir that many peple have already experienced n their wn: listening t upbeat music can brighten yur day and bst yur md.
Other studies have shwn that upbeat music isn’t the nly type f music that can be helpful, hwever. When peple are sad r have suffered a persnal lss, sad music can be helpful because peple identify with the tne and lyrics(歌词) f the music. Likewise, peple under a lt f stress r experiencing upsetting situatins can benefit frm listening t angry music. Althugh angry music might nt help yu if yu’re in a nrmal md, its tne can benefit yu when yu are dealing with stressful and upsetting situatins.
1.What des the authr mainly shw in Paragraph 1?
A.The imprtance f having an electrnic device.
B.The great number f sngs n the Internet.
C.The benefits f chsing a sng suiting yur md.
D.The cnvenience f finding a sng suiting yur md.
2.Accrding t the passage, what is the pwer f Mzart?
A.Making yu less active.
B.Keeping yu mre refreshed.
C.Making yu mre fcused.
D.Keeping yu better infrmed.
3.Which f the fllwing best explains the underlined wrd “bst” in Paragraph 4?
A.Predict.B.Imprve.C.Express.D.Ruin.
4.What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A.Only upbeat music can brighten ur day.
B.Peple will feel sad when identifying with the lyrics.
C.Everyne can benefit frm listening t angry music.
D.Different music functins differently in different situatins.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了音乐的力量,不同的音乐在不同的情况下对人们能起到不同的作用。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的At any mment in time, yu can fill yur headphnes with the sunds f a particular sng that suits yur md at that exact time.(在任何时候,你都可以在耳机里播放适合你当时心情的特定歌曲的声音。)可知,作者在第一段中主要展示了找一首适合你心情的歌是很便利的。故D选项正确。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的T calm yur nerves and help yu cncentrate, a little bit f Mzart might make memrizatin mre manageable.(为了稳定你的情绪,帮助你集中精力,一点莫扎特的音乐可能会使记忆更容易控制。)可知,莫扎特的音乐能使你更加专注。故C选项正确。
3.B 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的scientists at the University f Missuri have fund that listening t music can have a psitive effect n yur md(密苏里州大学的科学家们发现,听音乐对你的情绪能有积极的作用)及listening t upbeat music can brighten yur day(听欢快的音乐可以让你的一天充满阳光)可推知,听欢快的音乐还可以让你的情绪高涨。由此推知,bst意为“促进;增加”。故B选项正确。
4.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的upbeat music isn’t the nly type f music that can be helpful, hwever. When peple are sad r have suffered a persnal lss, sad music can be helpful和peple under a lt f stress r experiencing upsetting situatins can benefit frm listening t angry music等内容可知,不同的音乐在不同的情况下对人们能起到不同的作用。故D选项正确。目录
内容
第一部分
高考真题试做
第二部分
真题词块解析
第三部分
模拟题训练