2021届高考英语复习之真题阅读词块与阅读练习（五十三）含答案详解学案

这是一份2021届高考英语复习之真题阅读词块与阅读练习（五十三）含答案详解学案，共11页。
一：真题试做
By the end f the century, if nt sner, the wrld’s ceans will be bluer and greener thanks t a warming climate, accrding t a new study.
At the heart f the phenmenn lie tiny marine micrrganisms（海洋微生物）called phytplanktn. Because f the way light reflects ff the rganisms, these phytplanktn create clurful patterns at the cean surface. Ocean clur varies frm green t blue, depending n the type and cncentratin f phytplanktn. Climate change will fuel the grwth f phytplanktn in sme areas, while reducing it in ther spts, leading t changes in the cean’s appearance.
Phytplanktn live at the cean surface, where they pull carbn dixide（二氧化碳）int the cean while giving ff xygen. When these rganisms die, they bury carbn in the deep cean, an imprtant prcess that helps t regulate the glbal climate. But phytplanktn are vulnerable t the cean’s warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics f the cean and can affect phytplanktn grwth, since they need nt nly sunlight and carbn dixide t grw, but als nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT’s Center fr Glbal Change Science, built a climate mdel that prjects changes t the ceans thrughut the century. In a wrld that warms up by 3℃, it fund that multiple changes t the clur f the ceans wuld ccur. The mdel prjects that currently blue areas with little phytplanktn culd becme even bluer. But in sme waters, such as thse f the Arctic, a warming will make cnditins riper fr phytplanktn, and these areas will turn greener. ＂Nt nly are the quantities f phytplanktn in the cean changing,＂she said, ＂but the type f phytplanktn is changing. ＂
And why des that matter? Phytplanktn are the base f the fd web. If certain kinds begin t disappear frm the cean, Dutkiewicz said, ＂it will change the type f fish that will be able t survive.＂ Thse kinds f changes culd affect the fd chain.
Whatever clur changes the cean experiences in the cming decades will prbably be t gradual and unnticeable, but they culd mean significant changes. ＂It’ll be a while befre we can statistically shw that the changes are happening because f climate change,＂ Dutkiewicz said, ＂but the change in the clur f the cean will be ne f the early warning signals that we really have changed ur planet.＂
42. What are the first tw paragraphs mainly abut?
A. The varius patterns at the cean surface.
B. The cause f the changes in cean clur.
C. The way light reflects ff marine rganisms.
D. The effrts t fuel the grwth f phytplanktn.
43. What des the underlined wrd＂vulnerable＂in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Sensitive.B. Beneficial.C. Significant. D. Unnticeable.
44. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Phytplanktn play a declining rle in the marine ecsystem.
B. Dutkiewicz’s mdel aims t prject phytplanktn changes.
C. Phytplanktn have been used t cntrl glbal climate.
D. Oceans with mre phytplanktn may appear greener.
45. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T assess the cnsequences f cean clur changes.
B. T analyse the cmpsitin f the cean fd chain.
C. T explain the effects f climate change n ceans.
D. T intrduce a new methd t study phytplanktn.
参考答案：BADC
二：词块梳理
1：warming
英[ˈwɔːmɪŋ] 美[ˈwɔːrmɪŋ]
n. 加温，升温
v. （使）变暖，被加热，暖和起来( warm的现在分词 )；（使）变得更友好，变得更可爱
双语例句
1.Applicatin: warming handbags, medical prducts, cmmdity etc.
用途: 制作暖手袋 、 医疗用品及日用品等.
2.It is csy fire n a bitterly cld winter night, warming the heart.
友谊又如寒冷的冬夜中炽热的火焰, 温暖了你的心灵.
3.The milk is warming ( up ) n the stve.
牛奶在炉子上热着呢.
2：climate
英[ˈklaɪmət] 美[ˈklaɪmət]
n. 气候；氛围；形势
变形
复数：climates
双语例句
1.Cffee will nt grw in a cld climate.
咖啡不能生长在寒冷的气候下.
2.Sme plants will nt seed in a cld climate.
有些植物在寒冷的气候条件下不能结果实.
3.Ht climate and plentiful rainfall favur the grwth f plants.
炎热的气候和充足的雨水有助于植物生长.
3：phenmenn
英[fəˈnɒmɪnən] 美[fəˈnɑːmɪnən]
n. 现象；杰出的人
变形
复数：phenmena
双语例句
1.Study Mechanism research f the phenmenn, f hydraulic shck in hydraulic driving reciprcating pump.
对液压驱动往复泵冲击现象进行了机理研究.
2.Experts say the El Nin is becming a new phenmenn called the La Nina.
据专家说,现在厄尔尼诺正转变成一个新的现象,叫做拉尼娜.
3.This phenmenn has been bserved experimentally.
这一现象进行过实验性观察.
4：marine
英[məˈriːn] 美[məˈriːn]
adj. 海洋的；海产的；海军的；海船的
n. 海军陆战队士兵
变形
复数：marines
双语例句
1.At which pint did yu get int a verbal altercatin with the tw Marine captains?
在什么情况下你和两个海军陆战队上校发生了口角?
2.I'm a marine engineer.
我是船舶机械师.
3.The lepard seal is ne f the Antarctic fiercest marine predatrs.
豹海豹是北极最凶猛的海洋捕食者之一.
5：rganism
英[ˈɔːɡənɪzəm] 美[ˈɔːrɡənɪzəm]
n. 有机体；生物体；微生物；有机体系，有机组织
变形
复数：rganisms
双语例句
1.These nuns dente the physical rganism f a persn r an animal.
这些名词都表示人或动物的身体组织.
2.The cmplete set f genes fr an rganism is called its genme.
一个有机体的全套基因称为它的基因组.
3.They must always pint frm an rganism t its cnsumer and nt the ppsite directin.
它一定要由一只生物指向它的消费者而不能指向相反方向.
6：clurful
英[ˈkʌləfl] 美[ˈkʌlərfl]
adj. 颜色鲜艳的；有趣的；粗鲁的
双语例句
1.Nature is mst clurful in autumn.
秋天,大自然的色彩最为丰富.
2.Her hpe is t lead a clurful life.
她的愿望是过一种多姿多彩的生活.
3.He launched ut int a clurful descriptin f his jurney.
他开始绘声绘色地叙述他的旅行见闻.
7：pattern
英[ˈpætn] 美[ˈpætərn]
n. 模式；范例；图案；模型；样品
v. 构成图案；使形成
变形
过去分词：patterned
现在分词：patterning
过去式：patterned
复数：patterns
第三人称单数：patterns
双语例句
1.Jin the blue wl nt the end f the gld pattern and wrk the same stitches int the back.
在这金色图案边缘织上蓝毛线,在背面也用同样的方法来织.
2.The checks are small in this pattern.
这图案中的方格太小.
3.She's a pattern f all the virtues.
她是一切美德的楷模.
8：cncentratin
英[ˌkɒnsnˈtreɪʃn] 美[ˌkɑːnsnˈtreɪʃn]
n. 全神贯注；浓度；专注
变形
复数：cncentratins
双语例句
1.The cmputing methds f rainfall input and runff flw cncentratin in grid elements are discussed deeply.
深入探讨了单元网格的降雨输入和产汇流计算方法.
2.Distillery wastewater was typical rganic wastewater with high ammnia cncentratin.
酿酒废水是一种典型的高氨氮浓度的有机废水.
3.He has great pwers f cncentratin.
他注意力很集中.
9：fuel
英[ˈfjuːəl] 美[ˈfjuːəl]
n. 燃料；刺激物
v. 刺激；加剧；加燃料
变形
过去分词：fuelled
现在分词：fuelling
过去式：fuelled
复数：fuels
第三人称单数：fuels
双语例句
1.A new methd f fuel injectin was develped during the war.
一种新的注油方法在战争期间发展起来.
2.There is a severe shrtage f fuel.
燃料严重短缺.
3.We must ecnmize n fuel.
我们必须节约燃料.
10：appearance
英[əˈpɪərəns] 美[əˈpɪrəns]
n. 外表；（突然）到来，出现；问世；露面，演出，出庭；表现
变形
复数：appearances
双语例句
1.They are similar in appearance.
他们在外貌上相似.
2.She was very tense, but she preserved an appearance f nnchalance.
她内心很紧张, 可外表却装着满不在乎的样子.
3.Prcess fr their appearance has been duly issued.
要他们出庭的传票已及时发出.
11：regulate
英[ˈreɡjuleɪt] 美[ˈreɡjuleɪt]
v. 控制；调节；管理
变形
过去分词：regulated
现在分词：regulating
过去式：regulated
第三人称单数：regulates
双语例句
1.This system can regulate the temperature f the rm.
这种系统能调节室内温度.
2.We will prtect lawful incmes, regulate excessively high incmes and ban illegal gains.
保护合法收入, 调节过高收入,取缔非法收入.
3.Shifting bars are a hazard t navigatin and expensive t regulate.
移动沙洲将危害通航,而且要花费资金进行整治.
12：trend
英[trend] 美[trend]
n. 趋势，倾向；规范，风尚
变形
复数：trends
双语例句
1.There was a bullish trend in the market.
市场行情有上涨趋势.
2.The rise in vilent crime is a disturbing new trend.
暴力犯罪的上升是一种令人担忧的新趋势.
3.The general trend under heaven is that there is bund t be unificatin after prlnged divisin and divisin after prlnged unificatin.
天下大势,分久必合,合久必分.
13：nutrient
英[ˈnjuːtriənt] 美[ˈnuːtriənt]
n. 营养物，营养品，养分，养料；滋养物
变形
复数：nutrients
双语例句
1.Main supply flwer disc makes the nutrient that upside lamina makes in the seed is frmed.
中上部叶片制造的养分主要供给花盘促使种子形成.
2.In mst western cuntries, serius nutrient deficiencies are rare.
在大多数西方国家, 严重的营养不良很少见.
3.Bimass and nutrient accumulatin f pplar plantatin n beach land in Yangtse River in Anhui prvince.
与安徽长江滩地杨树人工林生物量和养分积累>>相似的文献.
14：multiple
英[ˈmʌltɪpl] 美[ˈmʌltɪpl]
adj. 多重的；多个的；复杂的；多功能的
n. 倍数；[电工学]并联；连锁商店；下有多个分社的旅行社
变形
复数：multiples
双语例句
1.Multiple service management plans may be used in place f ne large plan r prgramme.
多服务管理计划或许可以被用在大型计划或者编程的场合.
2.A multiple crash can ften be seen n that mtrway.
那条公路上的联环撞车事故很多.
3.And there is n simple single r multiple factr explanatin f dmestic r internatinal business fluctuatins.
有没有一个简单的单个或多个因素的解释是国内的还是国际商业波动的影响.
15:survive
英[səˈvaɪv] 美[sərˈvaɪv]
v. 生存，存活；幸存；艰难度过；比…活得久
变形
过去分词：survived
现在分词：surviving
过去式：survived
第三人称单数：survives
双语例句
1.Did anyne survive the explsin?
那次爆炸事故中有人幸免 吗 ?
2.Sme turned t prstitutin in rder t survive.
有些人为了生存而开始卖身.
3.Sme infantile actins survive int adulthd.
某些婴儿期的行为一直保持到成年期.
三：阅读训练
There is mre f a cnnectin between fd and culture than yu may think. On an individual level, we grw up eating the fd f ur culture. It becmes a part f wh we are. Many assciate fd frm ur childhd with warm feelings and gd memries and it ties us t ur family, hlding a special and persnal value fr us. Fd frm ur family ften becmes the cmfrt fd we seek as adults in times f frustratin and stress.
On a large scale, traditinal fd is an imprtant part f culture. It als perates as an expressin f culture identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they g, and it is a symbl f pride fr their culture and means f cping with hmesickness.
Many immigrants pen their wn restaurants and serve traditinal dishes. Hwever, the fd des nt remain exactly the same. Sme materials needed t make traditinal dishes may nt be readily available, s the taste and flavr can be different frm what they wuld prepare in their hme cuntries. Additinally, immigrants d nt nly sell dishes t peple frm the same cuntries as them, but t peple frm different cuntries. Therefre, they have t make small changes abut the riginal dishes t cater t a wider range f custmers. Thse changes can create new flavrs that still keep the cultural significance f the dishes.
Nt nly shuld we embrace ur heritage(传统) thrugh ur culture’s fd but als becme mre infrmed abut ther cultures by trying their fd. It is imprtant t remember that each dish has a special place in the culture t which it belngs, and is special t thse wh prepare it. Fd is a windw int culture, and it shuld be treated as such.
1.What’s the functin f fd mentined in the article?
A.T help mtivate hmesickness.
B.T shw natinal identity.
C.T reflect a cuntry’s histry.
D.T shw a cmmunity’s superirity.
2.What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A.The specific traditinal fd.
B.The natinal culture.
C.A traditinal expressin f fd.
D.The ld-fashined taste.
3.Why d sme immigrants have t change the riginal dishes in their restaurants?
A.T attach cultural imprtance t their dishes.
B.T annunce the beginning f their life n freign sil.
C.T make the dishes ppular amng custmers.
D.T present their wn fd culture in a new way.
4.What’s the authr’s attitude twards different fd cultures?
A.Negative.B.Balanced.C.Unfair.D.Unchangeable.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是说明文,介绍了食物和文化之间的密切联系,强调了食物在文化中的重要作用。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“It als perates as an expressin f culture identity.”可知,食物的作用是显示民族特征,故答案选B。
2.A 推理判断题。根据第二段画线的it前的内容可知,it代指traditinal fd,故答案选A。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句“Therefre, they have t make small changes abut the riginal dishes t cater t a wider range f custmers.”可知,移民们改变餐馆里的菜是为了满足更多顾客的需求,故答案选C。
4.B 观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知,每种食物在它所在的文化中都有一个特殊的地位,因此作者的态度是保持平衡的(balanced),故答案选B。negative消极的;unfair不公平的;unchangeable不可改变的。目录
内容
第一部分
高考真题试做
第二部分
真题词块解析
第三部分
模拟题训练