专题05 并列连词和复合句及特殊句式- 高考英语语法单句填空精选专题训练(1)
展开高考语法填空对并列连词和复合句及特殊句式的考查主要集中在:
(1)并列连词的选择;
(2)定语从句、名词性从句(宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句)和状语从句引导词的选择;
(3)特殊句式:祈使句、强调句、倒装句、感叹句等。
第一组
1.There, lying in the muddy riverbed was a little dg abut tw mnths ld, ___________frnt legs were tightly tied with rpes.
答案:whse
解析:句意为:在泥泞的河床上,躺着一只大约两个月的小狗,它的前腿被绳子绑得紧紧的。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为dg,关系词在从句中作定语,修饰frnt legs.故填 whse.
2.By bat is the nly way t get here, which is ___________we arrived.
答案:hw
解析:句意为:乘船是抵达这里的唯一方式,我们也是乘船到达的。分析句子结构可知,本句中 which 引导的是非限制性定语从句。从句中we arrived 作表语,为表语从句,且根据前面的By bat可知,表语从句中缺少方式状语,表示“怎样”,故应用hw 引导。
3.We wn't be able t finish the task n time ___________we try ur best.
答案:unless
解析:句意为:除非我们尽全力,否则我们无法按时完成任务。根据句意可知,设空处引导条件状语从句,表示“除非”。
4.Belw the muntains, the sunshine reflects n the many lakes, __________makes them shine like diamnds against the rich cuntryside.
答案:which
解析:句意为: 在山脚下,阳光映在许多湖面上,这使得它们在意照乡村的映村下如钻石般闪着。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面的整个句子,目关系词在从句中作主语,故用 which.
5.Fr travel during spring r summer, yur clthing shuld be casual and designed fr cmfrt. Take light cttn clthes _____________are easily washed and nt t delicate.
答案:which/that
解析:句意为: 在春天或夏天旅行时,你该穿休闲和舒服的衣服。带轻便的棉质衣服,这种衣服容易洗,也耐穿。设空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为clthes,关系词在句中作主语,故填 which或 that.
6.The reasn ____________I didn't finish my hmewrk was that I had a terrible headache.
答案:why
解析:句意为:我没完成作业的原因是我头疼得厉害。设空处考查定语从句,先行词为reasn,关系词在定语从句中作原因状语,故填why
7.Peple take it fr granted ____________there's always time and pprtunity t teach and learn all that they want t share and knw.
答案:that
解析:句意为:人们想当然地认为,总会有时间和机会去教授和学习他们想分享和知道的东西。此句为固定句型 take it fr granted that...,意为“认为······理所当然”,其中it 是形式宾语,后面的that从句是真正的宾语。故填that.
8.Stick t the main rads, ___________yu will get lst.
答案:r
解析:句意为:要一直走主路,否则你会迷路的。分析句子结构可知,本句为“祈使句+and/r+陈述句”的结构,根据句意可知,此处表示“否则;要不然”,故填r.
9.The gld medal will be awarded t ___________wins the first place in the bicycle race.
答案:whever
解析:句意为:无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名,金牌都将授予他(她)。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导宾语从句,在句中作介词t的宾语;从句中缺少主语,表示“任何人,无论谁”。故填 whever.
10.Actually, just like sme media summarized, Chinese and Westerners have quite different standards ___________it cmes t the definitin f "beauty".
答案:when
解析:句意为:事实上,正如一些媒体所总结的,中西方在“美”的定义上标准大不相同。本题考查固定句型 when it cmes t...,意为“当谈到……时”,故填 when.
11.It was cnsistent(始终如一的)lve and kindness wn him a lifelng friendship.
答案:that
解析:句意为:是始终如一的爱和善意为他赢得了终生的友谊。此句为强调句型"it is/was+被强调部分+that/wh+其他成分”,被强调的为表事物的主语,故填that.
12.The questin ____________we shuld develp innvative thinking abilities in the classrms by giving students pprtunities t generate new ideas has arused heated discussin.
答案:whether
解析:句意为: 我们是否应该在课堂上给学生足够的机会去提出新观点,以此培养他们的创新思维能力的这个问题已经引起了激烈讨论。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导同位语从句,作The questin的同位语。从句中句意完整,不缺少成分,但由句意可知此处表示“是否”,故应用whether 引导该从句。
13.Fifteen minutes is enugh fr very yung children. Yu can gradually make the time spent learning English lnger ___________yur child gets lder.
答案:as
解析:句意为:15分钟对很小的孩子来说足够了。你可以随着孩子慢慢长大逐渐延长学英语的时间。设空处考查as引导的时间状语从句。当主句、从句动作同时进行,从句动作的时间概念化,而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时,只能用 as.这时,as常表示“随着…”或“一边…,一边…”之意。填as
14.It was in that small huse which was built with stnes by his father ____________he spent his childhd.
答案:that
解析:句意为: 他就是在那所他父亲用石头建成的小房子里度过了他的童年。本句中去掉li was与设空处之后,句意和句子结构仍然完整,由此判断此处为强调句型;被强调部分为in that small huse..., 故用 that 引导。
15.Try ____________he may, he is nt able t persuade his father t give up smking.
答案:as/thugh
解析:句意为:尽管他尽力了,但他还是没能说服他的父亲戒烟。分析句子结构可知,从句部分为倒装结构;结合句意可知,设空处引导让步状语从句,表示“虽然,尽管”。故填as/thugh.
第二组
1.One day a yung man was walking alng the rad ___________he heard a cry.
答案:when
解析:句意为:一天,一个年轻人在路上走着,这时他听到了哭声。was ding sth. when..为固定句型,意为“正在做…这时…"。故此处应填when.
2.I'm really very busy, ___________I will certainly g there with yu.
答案:r
解析:句意为 我真是太忙了,不然我肯定会同你一起去那里的。设空处后面是句子,故设空处应填连词;根据句意可知,此处表示“否则,要不然的话”,故填r.
3.Full f energy, desire, talent and ideas, there is n dubt ___________China will becme a pwerful natin in infrmatin technlgy.
答案:that
解析:句意为:作为一个充满活力、渴望、人才和思想的国家,毫无疑问,中国将成为信息技术方面的强国。there is n dubt that...意为“毫无疑问……”,为固定句型。故填 that.
4.The yung man wanted t help the dg, ___________as he apprached, the dg started t bark.
答案:but/yet
解析:句意为:这个年轻人想帮帮这只狗,但是当他靠近时,它便开始叫。根据句意可知,设空处前后为转折关系,故填buv/yet.
5.Participants imagined they had a newbrn child, and ___________the child wuld need t g t cllege in either 18 years.
答案:that
解析:句意为:参与者想象他们有一个刚出生的孩子,并且这个孩子在18年后上大学。当动词后面有两个宾语从句时,第一个引导词that 可以省略,但第二个引导词 that 不可以省略。故填 that.
6.I am impressed with China's cmmitment t its climate gals, evidenced by the fact we are sure f _________China has met its 2020 targets three years ahead f schedule.
答案:that
解析:句意为:中国对气候目标的投入令我印象深刻,中国提前三年完成了2020年的目标这一我们确信的事实也证明了这一点。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导同位语从句,在句中作the fact的同位语,且从句的结构和意义完整,故用that 引导同位语从句。
知识拓展:
本题的解题关键在于排除句中we are sure f 这一插入语的干扰,准确判断出设空处引导的是同位语从句,解释说明 the fact的内容。且应掌握that引导同位语从句时,只起连接作用,无实义。
7. ___________the prblem f disappearing languages remains a very serius ne, there is hpe.
答案:While/Thugh/Althugh
解析:句意为:虽然正在消失的语言是个很严重的问题,但是还有希望。根据句意可知设空处引导让步状语从句,表示“尽管,虽然”。故填While/Thugh/Althugh.
8.If yu have a jb, ____________(devte)yurself t it and finally yu'll succeed.
答案:devte
解析:句意为: 如果你有一份工作,那就专注于它,最终你就会成功。分析句子结构可知,本句中主句为“析使句+and+陈述句”结构,由此可知设空处应用动词原形。
9.Many experts hld the view that teachers' develpment is ___________the key t better educatin lies.
答案:where
解析:句意为:很多专家们持有这样一个观点—教师的发展是教育提升的关键所在。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导表语从句,且在从句中作地点状语,故应用where.
10.China's nrthernmst city Mhe in Heilngjiang Prvince has turned int a fairyland cvered with snw, ____________ther places are still waiting fr the first snw.
答案:while
解析:句意为 中国最北部的城市黑龙江省漠河市已经变成了一个大雪覆盖的仙境,而其他地方还在等待第一场雪。根据句意可知,设空处前后句意表示对比,故填while,意为“然而”。
11. __________I knew it, I was sitting n the flr surrunded by bks that had nthing t d with my riginal search.
答案:Befre
解析:句意为:不知不觉地,我坐在了地板上,周围满是书,这些书与我最初想要找的书没有任何关系。本题考查固定短语 befre I knew it,意为“不知不觉地”,故填Befre.
12.This restaurant has an inviting, hmelike atmsphere ___________many thers are shrt f.
答案:that/which
解析:句意:这个饭店有吸引人的、像家一样的氛围,这是很多其他饭店所缺少的。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句,先行词为 atmsphere;定语从句中 are shrt f 后面缺少宾语,因此应用关系代词 that/which 引导定语从句。故填 that/which.
13. ___________wrk and creative activities have been imprtant drivers f human prgress is deeply rted in ur scial values.
答案:That
解析:句意为:工作和创造性活动一直是人类进步的重要驱动因素,这一观念深深地植根于我们的社会价值观中。分析句子结构可知, __________wrk and creative activities have been imprtant drivers f human prgress 在句中作主语,为主语从句,且该从句结构和意思均完整,应用that引导该从句。故填That.
14.He spent s many unfrgettable days with them ___________he was unwilling t part with them.
答案:that
解析:句意为:他和他们在一起度过了那么多难忘的日子,以至于他不愿意离开他们。“s+形容词/副词+that"为固定句型,意为“如此……以至于……”,故填 that.
15.Nt ___________we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace can we smile in relief.
答案:until
解析:句意为:直到我们成功地让野生生物平静地生活,我们才能如释重负地微笑。此句为“nt until+状语(从句)”构成的倒装句型,正常语序为 We cannt smile in relief until we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace.
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