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专题11 一般过去时_备战2022年小升初英语必考语法和题型
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专题11 一般过去时
一、一般过去时的概念
一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。如:
I saw him in the park yesterday. 我昨天在公园里见到他。
I was ten years old last year. 去年,我十岁。
二、一般过去时的结构
句式结构:主语+动词的过去式(动词+ed) +其他成分 如:
He did (do) his homework this morning. 他今天早上在做家庭作业。
三、一般过去时的用法
1. 含有be动词的一般过去时句型
(1) 肯定句:主语+was/were +其他 如:
They were (be) happy just now. 他们刚才非常的开心。
He was (be) born in 1998. 他出生于1998年。
(2) 否定句:主语+ wasn’t/weren’t +其他 如:
They weren’t happy just now. 他们刚才不是很开心。
(3) 一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语+was/were.
否定回答:No, 主语+wasn’t/weren’t.
例:They were at home just now. 他们刚才在家. (改为一般疑问句并作回答)
—Were they at home just now? 他们刚才在家吗?
—Yes, they were. 是的,他们在家。
—No, they weren’t. 不,他们不在家。
2. 含有行为动词的一般过去时的句型
(1) 肯定句:主语+动词的过去式(动词+ed) +其他 如:
The old man lived in America last year. 这位老人去年居住在美国。
(2) 否定句:主语+didn’t +动词原形+其他 如:
The old man didn’t live (not live) in America last year. 这位老人去年没有居住在美国。
(3) 一般疑问句:Did +主语+动词原形+其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语+did.
否定回答:No, 主语+didn’t.
例:The old man lived in America last year. 这位老人去年居住在美国。 (改为一般疑问句并作回答)
—Did the old man live in America last year? 这位老人去年居住在美国吗?
—Yes, he did. 是的,他去年居住在美国。
—No, he didn’t. 不,他去年没有居住在美国。
(4) 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他? 如:
What did Lucy do last weekend? 露西上周做了什么?
例:David went to the zoo last Saturday. 大卫上周六去了动物园。(就划线部分进行提问)
What did David do last Saturday. 大卫上周六做了什么?
四、一般过去时的时间状语
yesterday(昨天), just now(刚刚), last week/night/month/year(上周/昨晚/上个月/去年), …ago (…以前)等。
五、动词过去式的变化规则
规 则 | 例 词 |
一般在动词词尾加-ed | help — helped walk — walked work — worked talk—talked |
以不发音e结尾的动词,直接加-d | like — liked love — loved hope — hoped skate— skated |
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,改y为i,再加-ed | study — studied cry — cried carry — carried try — tried |
以辅元辅结尾的单音节的动词,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ed | plan — planned stop — stopped drop — dropped prefer — preferred |
温馨提示:动词过去式的不规则变化可以参考如下表格。
原形 | 过去式 | 中文 | 原形 | 过去式 | 中文 |
am/is | was | 是 | lose | lost | 失去 |
are | were | 是 | make | made | 制作 |
become | became | 成为 | meet | met | 遇见 |
begin | began | 开始 | put | put | 放 |
bring | brought | 带来 | read | read | 读 |
buy | bought | 买 | ride | rode | 骑 |
can | could | 能;会 | ring | rang | 铃响 |
come | came | 来 | run | ran | 跑 |
do/does | did | 做 | say | said | 说 |
draw | drew | 画画 | see | saw | 看见 |
drink | drank | 喝 | sell | sold | 卖 |
eat | ate | 吃 | sit | sat | 坐 |
fall | fell | 落下 | send | sent | 发送 |
feel | felt | 感觉 | speak | spoke | 说 |
fly | flew | 飞 | spend | spent | 花费;度过 |
forget | forgot | 忘记 | swim | swam | 游泳 |
get | got | 得到 | take | took | 带;拿 |
give | gave | 给 | teach | taught | 教 |
go | went | 去 | tell | told | 告诉 |
have/has | had | 有;吃 | wear | wore | 写 |
hang | hung | 悬挂 | will | would | 可能会 |
know | knew | 知道 | win | won | 赢,获胜 |
learn | learnt | 学习 | write | wrote | 写 |
基础训练
(限时15分钟 满分30分)
一、写出下列动词的过去式。(每小题1分,共10分)
1. is/am__________ 2. are___________ 3. fly ____________
4. drink___________ 5. go___________ 6. make___________
7. does/do_________ 8. dance __________ 9.worry___________ 10.eat____________
【答案】1. was 2. were 3. flew 4. drank 5. went 6. made 7. did 8.danced 9. worried 10. ate
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。(每小题1分,共5分)
1. It _________ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday
【答案】was
【解析】由last Friday判断为一般过去时,谓语动词要用过去式,主语it是单数,be动词用was。
2. We all _________ (have) a good time last night.
【答案】had
【解析】由last night“昨晚”判断为一般过去时,谓语动词要用过去式。
3. She likes_______ (read) newspapers, but she________ (not read) a book yesterday.
【答案】reading; didn't read
【解析】第一个空动词的搭配:like doing sth 喜欢做某事;第二个空由yesterday“昨天”判断为一般过去时,谓语动词要用过去式,否定式需要借助助动词did来完成,助动词后面的动词用原形。
4. He _________ (play) football now, but they _________ (play) basketball just now.
【答案】is playing;played
【解析】第一个空由now“现在”判断为现在进行时,谓语动词要用be+V-ing的结构,he是单数主语,be动词用is;第二个空由just now“刚才”判断为一般过去时,谓语动词要用过去式。
5. We _________(be) students two years ago.
【答案】were
【解析】由two years ago“两年前”判断为一般过去时,be动词要用过去式,we是复数主语,be用were形式。
三、单项选择。(每小题1分,共5分)
( ) 1. She watered the flowers ________.
A tomorrow B sometimes C yesterday morning
【答案】C
【解析】由watered判断为一般过去时,需要选择过去时间故选C。
( ) 2.What _________ Mike do last weekend?
A do B does C did
【答案】C
【解析】由last weekend“上周末”判断为一般过去时,谓语动词要用过去式。
( ) 3. I _________ my room last Sunday.
A cleaned B clean C am cleaning
【答案】A
【解析】由last Sunday“上周日”判断为一般过去时,谓语动词要用过去式。
( ) 4. ________ he ________ football the day before yesterday?
A Does, play B Did, played C Did, play
【答案】C
【解析】由the day before yesterday“前天”判断为一般过去时,一般疑问句要用助动词did来构成,助动词后面的谓语动词要用原形。
( ) 5. —Good afternoon, Miss Lee. How does Mike feel?
—He’s tired. He _________ a lot of work _________.
A does, this morning B do, this morning C did, this morning
【答案】C
【解析】由选项中的this morning“今天早上”判断为一般过去时,谓语动词要用过去式。
四、按要求改写句子。(每小题2分,共10分)
1. Lucy did her homework at home.(改为否定句)
Lucy _________ _________ her homework at home.
【答案】didn't do
2. He ate some bread in the morning.(改为一般疑问句)
_________ he ________ _________ bread in the morning?
【答案】Did, eat any
3. There was some orange in the cup.(改为否定句)
There ________ _________ orange in the cup.
【答案】wasn’t any
4. My family went to the beach last week.(对划线部分提问)
________ ________ your family ________ last week?
【答案】What did, do
5. Did you have any friends? (作肯定回答)
_________, __________ __________.
【答案】Yes, I did.
巩固提升
(限时15分钟 满分20分)
一、单项选择。(每小题1分,共5分)
( )1. My father _______ ill yesterday.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】C
【解析】由yesterday“昨天”判断为一般过去时,be动词要用过去式,my father是单数主语,be动词用was。
( )2. _______ your parents at home last week?
A. Is B. Was C. Are D. Were
【答案】D
【解析】由last week“上周”判断为一般过去时,be动词要用过去式,your parents“你的父母”是复数主语,be动词用were。
( )3. The twins _______in Dalian last year, but they_______ in Beijing now.
A. are; were B. were; are C. was; are D. were; was
【答案】B
【解析】第一个空根据last year“去年”判断为一般过去时,be动词要用过去式,the twins“双胞胎”是复数主语,be动词用were;第二个空根据now“现在”和主语they判断be动词要用are。
( )4. _________ your father at work the day________ yesterday (前天)?
A. Was; before B. Is; before C. Was; after D. Is; after
【答案】A
【解析】前天的表达为“昨天之前”即the day before yesterday;主语your father是单数主语,be动词用was。
( )5. —Did your father write an e-mail yesterday?
—________.
A. Yes, he did. B Yes, he does C No, he don’t D. No, he did
【答案】A
【解析】一般疑问句,用什么问就用什么答,排除BC;D的回答矛盾不选。
二、连词成句。(每小题2分,共10分)
1. did, what, you, yesterday, do (?)
_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】What did you do yesterday?
2. watch, John, did, TV, night, last (?)
_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】Did John watch TV last night?
3. went, I , to, by, park, the, bus( . )
_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】I went to the park by bus.
4. went, I, shopping, night, mother, my, with, last (.)
___________________________________________________________________
【答案】I went shopping with my mother last night.
5. helped, mother, do, my, housework, I, often (.)
___________________________________________________________________
【答案】I often helped my mother do housework.
三、画出下列句子中错误的地方,并在横线上改正。(每小题1分,共5分)
1. How is Jane yesterday? _________
【答案】is-was
2. He go to school by bus last week. _________
【答案】go-went
3. He often plays football after school last month. _________
【答案】plays-played
4. They flied kites yesterday. _________
【答案】flied-flew
5. Did you saw him just now? _________
【答案saw-see
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