译林版英语八年级上册完形填空专题讲练

这是一份译林版英语八年级上册完形填空专题讲练，共12页。试卷主要包含了考点，完形填空做题步骤，完形填空的解题技巧等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1、词汇题：这种题型从句子和语境层次上来全面考查名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、连词、介词、动词等词类的意义和用法。
2、动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词和主谓一致题：这类题也是从语境的层次上来全面考查学生的掌握程度。
3、固定搭配和习惯用法：动词短语、介词短语、副词短语等的搭配和用法。
4、句子结构：简单的五种基本句型，并列句、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句。
5、逻辑分析：考查学生阅读理解能力，综合分析和语言运用能力。
二、完形填空做题步骤：
第一步：着眼大局，速读全文。用3~4分钟，以略读方式快速浏览全文，从语篇整体上了解文章的主题、文体特点，找出作者的观点、态度、思路，结合段首句、段尾句和含有连贯意义的词语，找到文章的句与句以及段与段之间的逻辑关系。
第二步：逐句通读全文，各个击破，做到通读与猜测并行。对含义明显的词汇、固定搭配或习惯用法、常用句式等纯知识问题，可以边读边猜测答案。针对在通读过程中未能轻易猜出答案的题目，利用上下文及字里行间的线索来猜测答案。
第三步：检查核实，通读选定答案后的全文。此时的文章是一个语法结构正确，用词准确，上下文逻辑关系严密，主题突出，内容充实，意思连贯的整体。
三、完形填空的解题技巧：
1. 词语（固定）搭配
(1)因搭配关系而产生的一般性词汇。如：see a film/watch a mvie
(2)固定的复合词和动词短语。如：push ahead with(奋力前行)。
(3)常见的句式：It feels+形容词+不定式，在搭配判断时，注意：要区别外形相近而意义不同的搭配。如：lk fr, lk ver, lk ut, lk after, lk up等。要区别形不相似而意义相近的搭配。如：I paid 12 punds fr the dictinary. The bk cst me a lt. It tk three men t lift the bx.句中都有“付出、花费、需要”的意思。译成汉语时似乎相通。但更要注意它们之间的搭配变化；要注意单个词组的多义性。如：take ff有“脱下(衣服)，(飞机)起飞，匆匆离开，取下，休假等多种含意。
例：1. It’s Sunday，sme students are ging __1__ a trip with their teacher
2. __2__ their way they saw a bus behind them...
1. A. t B. fr C. n D. at
2. A. On B. By C. At D. T
分析：第1小题看似是“be ging t”结构，其实是“g n a trip”是固定搭配意为去旅行
第2小题表示在去...的路上“n ne’s way t...”
2. Washingtn was named ___ Gerge Washingtn, the first president f the United States.
A. by B. fr C. as D. after
分析：“name after ...以...命名的意思”所以本题只能选择D
2. 语法判定
(1)要注意出现频率较高的词类题，依次为动词、介词、代词、连词、形容词、副词。选择各类词时，要注意以下几个方面：
a.名词的选择 b.动词的选用c.选择介词d.选择代词e.选择连词f.选择形容词和副词
(2)要注意句法题，搞清句子的种类、类型、省略和倒装
a.句子的种类包括陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。一般以考查疑问句、感叹句的词序为多见，其次是祈使句的零时态等。
b.句子的类型有简单句、并列句、复合句和并列复合句。状语从句、宾语从句和直接/间接引语，也考查简单的定语从句。
c.句子的省略与倒装很少考查，却要看懂，不能引起对文章的曲解。
(3)在语法适用方面，可以用择优法和排除法
a.择优法是把各选项代入短文中，选出在词义上符合要求，且在语法上又没有语病的答案。
b.排除法是在代入选项时如发现选项单词意义不对，或词与词搭配不妥，或存在语法错误，或与上下文有矛盾，则迅速排除不合适的选项，剩下的就是正确答案。
例：1. A little cck lived near the river. One mrning the little cck_____his beautiful clthes and went fr a walk by the river .On his way he met a little duck.
A wre B had n C dressed D put n
分析：考查动词短语，四个选项都表示穿，wear 和have n 都可接“衣物”作宾语，意为穿着，表状态，put n 也可接衣物，强调动作，而dress的宾语只能是人，根据语意，这是一连串的动作，所以选D
2. Many ld peple dn’t have gd_____. They can’t watch TV, but they can listen t music r news ver the radi .
A hearing B health C eyesight D time
分析：根据can’t watch TV和but they can listen t music 可知前边是没有好的视力。
根据上下文确定选项
有些空的答案可能在语篇的下文或上文，当一时不能确定的时候，我们需要继续往下读或者在上文找答案。
例：There were s many peple n the bus that there were__1__empty seats.When a yung man gt n ,an ld man near him wanted t__2__ ,but the yung man pushed him back t his seat.
“Thank yu ”he said，“but please dn’t d that.I can stand ”
1. A. many B. sme C. enugh D. n
2. A. sit dwn B. get n C. set ut D. stand up
分析：第1小题所给的选项均可和后面的empty seats 搭配，但根据上文的“There were s many peple n the bus ...不可能有many sme enugh seats因此答案选D
第2小题选项是四个动词短语，根据下文的“ pushed him back t his seat...”和“I can stand”来看年轻人误以为老人要给他让座，而老人是要站起来下车。答案选D
4. 逻辑推理
在完形填空的多项选择中，常常会遇到难以选择的题目。需要根据常识和逻辑来推理，例举熟知的语言现象与之相比较，再做出明智的选择。
例：Mr.brwn began t walk in the mrning.nw the sun was abut t set（日月落沉） .he was tired and hungry .he was walking slwly twards the _____and his shadw lay lng behind him .he had t lk fr the night.
A east B west C suth D nrth
分析：选项为四个表方向的名词，均可和前面的介词twards搭配，很难选择，只能运用逻辑（常识）来判断，根据the sun was abut t set，可知此时应为下午，太阳在西方，还有后面and his shadw lay lng behind him 可知此时布朗先生正在朝着西方走着。选B
【例题精讲】
完形填空
When I was yung, my mther always spent lts f time sitting behind a sewing machine(缝纫机). Fr all three children in ur family, she made all the 1 with a happy lk n her face.
It lked s 2 fr my mm t make them. But the first time I tried t make smething, I just 3 d it. I wrked t quickly and when I finished, it lked bad. Sn I just gave up.
This summer, I really wanted t make a dress t 4 at a party. S I picked ut sme nice clth and fund a nice style in a bk. I gt 5 excited abut sewing that I culdn’t even sleep. I culdn’t wait t begin. I started early the next mrning. My mm was having a meeting, s if I had questins, there culd be 6 t ask.
I did my sewing slwly and carefully, and I tried t d everything 7 . When I was sewing the frnt, I made the neck t small. 8 the rest was fine. “I finally made it!” I finished tw hurs later. And it fit! Fr the first time, I culd wear smething I had made with my wn 9 .
Later, I made sme mre clthes fr myself. Nw, I’m ding better and better. S, if yu want t learn smething, my 10 is, never stp trying when yu can’t d it well.
1. A. mney B.husewrk C. meals D. clthes
2. A. easy B. hard C. exciting D. bring
3. A. culdn’t B. culd C. can’t D. can
4. A. ffer B. chse C. sell D. wear
5. A. such B. t C. very D. s
6. A. n ne B. smene C. anyne D. everyne
7. A. different B. interesting C. right D. wrng
8. A. S B. Because C. But D. Or
9. A. eyes B. hands C. head D. arms
10. A. advice B. actin C. fact D. reasn
答案: 1-5 DAADD 6-10 ACCBA
【课堂练习】
It was a sunny day yesterday. After a whle day's wrk.in my ffice, I walked hme. On the busy street, I saw a yung man___1___ sme small tys arund the cmer. Usually, I wuld hurry__2___such sellers and never buy anything. But when I nticed he was___3___, I decided t stand there fr ne time. I wanted t see__4___ he sld his tys.
Sn, a little girl came with her mther. The girl wanted a ty and this ty culd__5___a nise. Kids liked such tys because the nise sunded really funny. The ty was 18 yuan. The mther ___6__a 20-yuan nte. She tld the yung man hw much she was giving him and wanted the change___7___. I was wndering what he was ging t d next. He tld the mther t put the mney in his bag and get the change___8___. Then she did s.
What the yung man did shcked(使...震惊) me. He culdn't see, but he chse t____9___peple. He let me knw believing in peple is a __10____thing. It brings us warmth and lve. I was tuched a lt and I ___11____ t buy a ty althugh. I didn't need it at all. He said it cst 18 yuan and I tld him that I had nly ne 20-yuan nte. Again he tld me t d the same thing as the mther. I put my 20 yuan in his bag, ___12___ I didn’t take any change.
As I walked dwn the street, I saw anther little girl with her father and gave her the ___13__ I bught. She lked at me in surprise and then thanked me__14___. I was happy t see the smile n her face, t.
The yung man was a gd___15___ t us all. On my way hme, I kept thinking hé wrld wuld be a better place if we all culd learn t trust peple mre, just like the yung blind street seller.
1．A．using B．buying C．selling D．washing
2．A．With B．past C．acrss D．twards
3．A．fat B．deaf C．shrt D．blind
4．A．hw B．why C．when D．where
5．A．hear B．make C．avid D．mind
6．A．cut ut B．kept ut C．tk ut D．wrked ut
7．A．up B．ut C．ff D．back
8．A．itself B．herself C．myself D．yurself
9．A．hate B．like C．trust D．dislike
10．A．beautiful B．bad C．silly D．dislike
11．A．refused B．remembered C．wuld D．decided
12．A．r B．s C．but D．fr
13．A．bag B．ty C．nte D．change
14．A．plitely B．cludy C．prudly D．sadly
15．A．fan B．teacher C．lessn D．example
答案：CBDAB CDBCA DCBAD
课堂检测
A
I had been learning English fr eight years, but my spken English was __1__terrible. I went t English schl every night. But during the eight years, I hadn't gt __2__at all!
Being tired f ging t schl, I searched the Internet fr “Learn English” ne night. Then I fund a __3__ English learning system.
Seven days later I started using the system t learn English. My life __4__frm then n. I was __5__t find that learning English in this way was s easy and interesting. The articles were interesting and the stries were very funny. Then smething amazing happened. One day I __6__an American named James in a cffee shp. Withut thinking, I started t __7__him. My English wrds came ut autmatically (无意识地) It was hard fr me t believe it. James understd my feelings. We talked fr tw hurs withut __8__.
My English has __9__greatly nw. I think there are many ways f learning English. Yu shuld stp using a way that desn't wrk and find ut __10__is helpful t yu.
1. A. instead B. still C. almst D. hardly
2. A. messages B. mistakes C. prgress D. infrmatin
3. A. bring B. cmmn C. cheap D. helpful
4. A. changed B. started C. slved D. brke
5. A. afraid B. angry C. crazy D. surprised
6. A. met B. beat C. helped D. frgt
7. A. wait fr B. talk with C. laugh at D. think f
8. A. saying B. smiling C. stpping D. understanding
9. A. missed B. destryed C. influenced D. imprved
10. A. when B. why C. what D. hw
【答案】BCDAD ABCDC
B
In China, very few children make pcket mney. __1__, in western cuntries, mst kids make pcket mney by themselves. They make mney in many different __2__.
When kids are very yung, their parents help them sell the fruits f their wn trees t neighburs. Kids may als help __3__ d husewrk t make mney at hme. When they __4__ sixteen, they can make mney by sending newspapers r by wrking in fast fd restaurants, __5__ during the summer hlidays.
There are many __6__ f making pcket mney by kids themselves. First f all, they learn the __7__ f mney by wrking hard s that they will nt waste any. Secndly, they learn t __8__ mney t buy things they need r want, such as bks, pencils, mvies, and even clthes they like. Thirdly, they learn t __9__ the daily life prblems by helping their parents r thers. Making pcket mney is __10__ fr children when they grw up. That is why parents encurage their kids t make pcket mney.
1. A. AlsB. AnywayC.HweverD. Besides
2. A. waysB. levelsC. hmesD. cuntries
3. A. teachersB. friendsC. parentsD. neighburs
4. A. getB. haveC. catchD. reach
5. A. reallyB. hardlyC. prperlyD. especially
6. A. chicesB. advantagesC. prblemsD. lessns
7. A. funB. valueC. messageD. purpse
8. A. cuntB. wasteC. manageD. change
9. A. give up B. lk upC. deal withD. meet with
10. A. helpfulB. carefulC. beautifulD. successful
答案: 1-5 CACDD 6-10 BBCCA
课后练习
A
Fd is very imprtant. Everyne needs t __1__ well if he r she wants t have a strng bdy. Our minds als need a kind f fd．This kind f fd is __2__. We begin t get knwledge even __3__ we are very yung. Small children are __4__ in everything arund them. They learn __5__ while they are watching and listening. When they are getting lder, they begin t __6__ stry---bks, science bks, anything they like. When they find smething new, they lve t ask questins and __7__ t find ut answers. What is the best __8__ t get knwledge? If we learn by urselves, we will get __9__ knwledge. If we are __10__ getting answers frm thers and d nt ask why, we will never learn well. When we study in the right way, we will learn mre and understand better.
1．A．sleep B．read C．drink D．eat
2．A．sprt B．exercise C．knwledge D．meat
3．A．until B．when C．after D．s
4．A．interested B．interesting C．weak D．better
5．A．everything B．smething C．nthing D．anything
6．A．lend B．read C．learn D．write
7．A．try B．have C．refuse D．wait
8．A．place B．schl C．way D．rad
9．A．little B．few C．many D．the mst
10．A．ften B．always C．usually D．smetimes
答案：1-5 DCBAB 6-10 BACDB
B
A lt f students have hbbies, like reading, painting, grwing vegetables in their gardens, r lking after lvely animals. Sme hbbies are relaxing (放松的) and __1__ are useful. __2__ can help yu grw as a persn and learn new skills.
David Smith is a student. His hbby is __3__ . In the middle schl, he __4__ a bk and it came ut (出版) in 2003. Many teenagers lve his bk and he becmes a __5__ yung writer.
David is successful (成功的), but he thinks f writing __6__ nly ne f his many hbbies and interests. “ I like playing badmintn t,” says David. He isn’t sure if (是否) he is ging t write mre bks __7__ .
David is very lucky __8__ his hbby makes him happy and successful. But he is als __9__ in many ther things, and he ften plays badmintn fr his schl team.
It’s smething difficult t remember that we shuldn’t __10__ all ur time n ur hbbies. There are many ther interesting things t d in life, and we shuld try t d smething new r different.
1. A. the therB. antherC. thersD. ther
2. A. FriendsB. HbbiesC. BksD. Life
3. A. readingB. painting C. writing D. fishing
4. A. wrte B. writesC. readD. reads
5. A. friendlyB. excellentC. famusD. useful
6. A. asB. withC. frD. t
7. A. in the pastB. just nwC. nwD. in the future
8. A. sB. becauseC. butD. r
9. A. happyB. excitedC. interestedD. sad
10. A. takeB. spendC. payD. cst
【答案】CBCAC ADBCB
C
When yu were yung, wh rde yu arund n the back f his bike? Wh played ftball and flew kites with yu in the park? Wh helped yu __1__ yur first difficult maths prblem? Wh taught yu the __2__ between right and wrng?
Yur dad. Nw it is yur turn t d smething fr him. This Sunday June 19 is __3__ Day. S why nt d smething __4__ t thank yur dad?
The idea f Father’s Day came frm an American __5__ called Snra Smart Ddd in 1909. She wanted a special day t hnur(孝敬) her father. He raised six children by himself __6__ his wife died during the birth f their __7__ child. Ddd thught there needed t be a day t hnur great and lving dads. Her father was brn __8__ , s she chse t hld the first Father’s Day celebratin n his birthday in 1910. In 1924, US president Calvin Clidge __9__ the idea f a natinal Father’s Day. Finally, in 1966, the third Sunday in June was named Father’s Day. There are many ways __10__ yur lve and thanks.
Send __11__ a greeting card. Usually fathers prefer cards that are nt t emtinal(易动感情的). S perhaps chse ne that will make him __12__ .
A small present, such as a pht f yur family, __13__ make him feel like a king. Send him __14__---the red rse is the fficial Father’s Day flwer. If he has a __15__ . Cver his desktp(桌面) with wrds like “I lve yu, Dad.”
B. tC. frD. by
2. A. difference B. reprt C. subject D. news
’s B. Father’sC. Children’sD. Wmen’s
B. specialC. strangeD. hard
B. ladyC. byD. gentleman
B. untilC. afterD. befre
B. furthC. fifthD. sixth
July 19 B. n May 19C. n June 19D. n April 19
B. dislikedC. neededD. hated
takeB. t bringC. t shwD. t say
B. yuC. meD. him
B. jumpC. shutD. laugh
B. canC. mustD. need
B. bksC. mustD. shes
15. A.watchB. cmputerC. carD. bike
【答案】AABBB CDCAC DDBAB