人教版九年级英语-中考语法讲解-非谓语动词（无答案）
展开人教版九年级英语-中考语法讲解
非谓语动词
定义：非谓语动词即不是作谓语的动词，不会受到人称和数的影响，其形式分为三种：动词不定式to do ;动名词;分词（现在分词和过去分词）.初中中考考点中动词不定式是重点。
【考点1】动词不定式：to do 形式 / not to do(否定形式)
- 作主语
To read in the sun is bad for your eyes. (动词不定式作主语，谓语是单数)
It’s difficult for us to climb the top of the mountain in two hours.(It 是形式主语，to do 才是真正的主语)
2.作宾语(重点)
作谓语动词的宾语：I decide to buy some useful books for my study.
相同情况还有以下动词短语：
want to do sth | would like to do sth | like to do sth |
promise to do sth | plan to do sth | try to do sth |
refuse to do sth | expect to do sth | begin(start)to do sth |
offer to do sth | learn to do sth | hope to do sth |
afford to do sth | help to do sth | agree to do sth |
continue to do sth | pretend to do sth | hope to do sth |
forget to do sth | remember to do sth |
|
作形容词的宾语: I am afraid to stay at home alone.
不定式和疑问词连用作宾语：I don’t know where to go.(where to/when to/what to/how to do/which to...)
- 作宾语补足语：如：want sb to do sth
【注】：使役动词(let/make/see/watch/notice/hear)和感官动词(look/sound/smell/taste/feel)常是省略to的不定式作宾补，但变为被动词态时要加上to.
- 作表语:His work is to clean the hallway.
- 作状语:Ben left for Canada to have a holiday.(目的状语)
He is too short to reach the apples on the tree.(结果状语)
- 作定语：We have much work to do every day.
【考点2】动名词：V+ing 形式
- 作主语:Reading is good for us.(动名词作主语，谓语用单数)
- 作宾语：
avoid doing sth | mind doing sth | finish doing sth |
like doing sth | practice doing sth | keep doing sth |
enjoy doing sth | consider doing sth | 介词+doing sth |
pay attention to doing sth | feel like doing sth |
be(get)used to doing sth | look forward to doing sth |
be worth doing sth | have fun doing sth |
be busy doing sth | make a contribution to doing sth |
have trouble (problems)doing sth | can’t help doing sth |
spend ..(in)doing sth | stop sb. from doing sth |
prefer doing to doing sth | what/how about doing sth |
- 作宾语补足语:I saw him singing outside.
- 作定语:The boy swimming there is my cousin.
【补充】：
- watch/notice/see/hear sb doing sth 强调正在做
- 不带to 的常用句型
why don’t you do=why not you do |
had better (not)do sth |
would rather do A than do B |
would(could)you please (not) do sth |
prefer to do A rather than do B |
【知识检验】
( )1.—It's difficult for me ________ the homework in such a short time.
—Come on！I'm sure you can.
A．finished B．to finish C．will finish D．finishes
( )2.I was tired，so I stopped the car ________ a short rest.
A．have B．having C．to have D．had
( )3.It took my daughter two weeks to read the novels ________ by Yang Hongying
A．write B．writes C．wrote D．written
( )4.—Your spoken English is much better than before.
—Thank you.Our teacher often asks us ________ English as much as possible.
A．to speak B．not to speak C．speak D．not speak
( )5.There will not be enough space to ________ the earth in the future.
A．live on B．live in C．live on in D．live in on
( )6.When he saw a ticket on the ground，he stopped ________.
A．to pick it up B．picking it up C．to pick up it D．pick up it
( )7.We have two rooms ________，but I can't decided ________.
A．to live；to choose which one B．lived；choose which one
C．to live in；which one to choose D．live in；which one
( )8.His room needs________，so he must have it________.
A．painting；painted B．painted；painting C．painting；painting D．painted；painted
( )9.He had no difficulty________ the problems.
A．working out B．worked out C．to have worked out D．to work out
( )10.I've had my radio________ so soon because my father had me________ it.
A．repair；done B．repaired；do C repairing；do D．repaired；done
( )11.—Don't forget ________ the door of the meeting room when you leave.
—Sure.
A．to lock B．locking C．lock D．locks
( )12.Would you mind not ________ here？I'm doing my homework.
A．sing B．singing C．sings D．to sing
( )13.We agreed _______ here but so far she hasn't appeared yet.
A．having met B．meeting C．to meet D．meet
( )14.—Where are the twins?
—I saw them________ out for a walk just now.
A．going B．to go C．gone D．went
( )15.—Do you still remember ________ me somewhere in Shanghai?
—Yes，of course.Two years ago.
A．to see B．see C．seeing D．saw
( )16.Jane was shy.She would not invite her classmates ________ speaking English.
A．practice B．practices C．practicing D．to practice
( )17.There are no differences between the two words. I really can’t decide ________.
A．what to choose B．which to choose C．to choose which D．to choose what
( )18.—What did Jenny do just now?
—I don't know.When I asked her，she tried to avoid ________ me.
A．answered B．answering C．answer D．to answer
( )19.—Mum，I'm hungry.
—What about going to McDonald's ________ fried chicken?
A．eat B．to eat C．eating D．and eat
( )20.The lady ________ Linda is beautiful. She is from London.
A．call B．calling C．called D．to call
