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U4下 教案 核心知识点梳理 (教师版) 高中英语新牛津译林版必修第三册 （2022年）
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这是一份U4下 教案 核心知识点梳理 (教师版) 高中英语新牛津译林版必修第三册 （2022年），共17页。教案主要包含了unit等内容，欢迎下载使用。
学习目标
掌握本单元后半部分的重要的知识点
阅读训练，学会阅读的解题方法，提供做题正确率】
教学内容
【进门测试】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The frest area in the wrld 56________ (decrease) frm 4.12 billin hectares in 1990 t 3.99 billin hectares in 2015, accrding t the UN Fd and Agriculture Organizatin (FAO).
Meanwhile, China's frest cverage rate increased 57 ________10 percent since 1999 when China started returning farmland t frest.
The frest cverage rate f Wuqi Cunty in nrthwest China's Shaanxi prvince increased frm 19.2 percent in 1997 t 72.9 percent this year. This area had 58________ (previus) been identified by the FAO as nt pssessing the basic 59 ________ (cnditin) fr sustaining human life.
In the prject's new rund 60________ (launch) in 2014, China's vast central and western regins have nt nly grwn greener but fund new ways t develp 61________ (they) ecnmies. Trees have becme 62________ (value) resurces and are named “green gld".
In Chishui City f suthwest China's Guizhu Prvince 63________ used t be a natinal-level pverty-stricken cunty, farmland was returned int bamb frests. The frests are used t develp papermaking, furniture and fd industries. Herbs are grwn and chickens are raised under the bamb trees 64________ (prduce) mre incme. Farmers there have fund a sustainable surce f incme and 65________ cunty became the first in Guizhu t get rid f pverty.
语法填空：
56 decreased 57 by 58 previusly 59 cnditins 60 launched
61 their 62 valuable 63 that/which 64 t prduce 65 the
【多元导学】
【互动精讲】
1. surrund vt. 围绕; 环绕; 与……紧密相关
*He bserved that the bacteria surrunding the muld were dead. 他观察到霉菌周围的细菌都死了。
*When the car stpped in the twn square it was surrunded by sldiers and militiamen.
当这辆汽车停在城镇广场时立刻被士兵和民兵包围了。
*Schumacher adapted effrtlessly t his new surrundings.
舒马赫非常轻松地适应了新环境。
【词块积累】
surrund sb. /sth. with /by. . . 使某人/某物被……包围
surrunding n. 周围的事物; 环境(通常用复数形式) adj. 周围的
(1)语法填空。
①The trees surrunding(surrund)the twn were planted by the sldiers ten years ag.
②Only in this way can we live in mre cmfrtable and beautiful surrundings (surrund).
③Surrunded (surrund)by a dzen f children, the wmen happily celebrated her 80th birthday.
(2)语段填空。
As a famus pp star, he lves ①being surrunded by s many fans cming t visit him befre the ②surrunding twns. And he als likes beautiful ③surrundings with green trees and flwers, because he can get much mre pleasure frm nature (surrund).
2. indicate v. 指出; 提及; 表明; 暗示; 示意
*The results indicated that smething prduced by the muld had killed the bacteria.
结果表明, 霉菌产生的某种物质杀死了细菌。
*The number f wells is a fair indicatr f the demand fr water.
水井的数量能较准确地反映水需求量的大小。
*All the indicatins are that we are ging t receive reasnable supprt frm abrad.
所有迹象都表明, 我们将从国外获得有力支持。
【词块积累】
indicate sth. t sb. 向某人示意/ 指出某事
indicate that. . . 指示/表明……
indicatin n. 暗示; 表示; 预兆
indicatr指示器
【巧学助记】 构词记忆 in(向内)+ dic-(说, 讲)+ ate(动词词尾)→indicate v. 暗示
语法填空。
①There is a great deal f evidence indicating(indicate)that music activities engage different parts f the brain.
②The headmaster tk ut a map and indicated the quickest rute t us.
③He indicated that an indicatr shuld give me sme indicatin f hw I did in the test. (indicate)
(2)Accrding t an ld prverb, a red sky at night ften indicates fine weather(预示着好天气)the next day.
3. fav(u)r n. 帮助、恩惠; 赞成; 善意的行为; 偏爱; 支持; 有利于
*As Luis Pasteur said, “Frtune favurs the prepared mind. ”
正如路易·巴斯德所说: “幸运总是垂青有准备的人。”
*As an examiner, she shwed n favur t any candidate.
作为主考人她没有偏袒任何应试者。
*Can I ask yu a favur? 我可以请你帮个忙吗?
*I am all in favur f (= cmpletely supprt) equal pay fr equal wrk. 我完全支持同工同酬。
【词块积累】
(1)ask a favur f sb. 请某人帮忙/照顾
d a favur fr sb. =d sb. a favur 给某人恩惠, 帮某人忙
in favur f 支持, 赞同
(2)favurite adj. 最喜爱的
语法填空。
①Mst f them were in favur f my pinin while David was against it.
②I wed him a favur, s I culdn’t say n.
(2)I talked t Susie abut it, and she’s in favur f ging(赞成去).
(3)Culd yu d me a favur/d a favur fr me(帮我一个忙)and turn ff that light?
4. charge v. 充电; 收费; 控告; 谴责; 使……承担责任; 使充满 n. 收费; 控告; 谴责; 掌管
*When a thunderstrm apprached, the lightning wuld charge the key. 当雷雨来临时, 闪电就会给钥匙充电。
*Any driver fund drinking will be charged.
所有被发现饮酒的司机将会被罚款。
*He was charged with murder. 他被指控犯有谋杀罪。
*We have t make a small charge fr refreshments.
我们得收取少量茶点费。
*He tk charge f the farm after his father’s death.
他在父亲去世后掌管了农场。
【词块积累】
(1)in charge (f) 主管; 负责; 照顾
in the charge f=in ne’s charge 由某人负责, 由某人管理
take charge f 掌管; 负责, 看管
free f charge=fr free 免费
(2)charge sb. with sth. 因某事控告某人
charge sb. (mney) fr sth. 向某人索取……的费用
表示“控告某人某事”还可以用accuse sb. f sth. 结构。注意介词搭配的不同。
语法填空。
①We chse this htel because the price fr a night here is dwn t $20, half f what it used t charge(charge).
②Yur rder will be delivered free f charge within a ten-mile limit.
同义句转换。
The shp was in his charge while the manager was away.
①The shp was in the charge f him while the manager was away.
②He was in charge f the shp while the manager was away.
③He tk charge f the shp while the manager was away.
5. far frm远非
*One might think Fleming discvered penicillin by accident, but actually this is far frm the truth. 有人可能会认为弗莱明发现青霉素是出于偶然, 然而实际上, 这远非事实。
*In fact, far frm being a bk abut death, it is a bk abut life. 事实上, 这不是一本关于死亡的书, 而是一本关于生命的书。
* If yu get t knw him, yu will find he is far frm a fl.
如果你和他熟悉了, 就会发现他一点也不傻。
*S far we have dne a lt t build a lw-carbn ecnmy, but it is far frm ideal. We have t wrk still harder.
到目前为止, 我们已经做了很多工作来建立一个低碳经济, 但它离理想还很远。 我们还要更努力地工作。
【词块积累】
far frm+n. /adj. 离……很远; 远离; 远非……
far frm ding sth. 决不会做某事
far frm it完全相反; 远非如此
语法填空。
(1)Yur exam results are far frm satisfactry. It’s time fr yu t duble yur effrt.
(2)Far frm helping(help) the situatin, yu have just made it wrse.
6. g thrugh穿过; 经历; 通过; 浏览; 仔细检查; 完成
*He wrked ut that by flying a kite during a thunderstrm, electricity culd g thrugh the wet kite line dwn t earth.
他发现在雷雨天气放风筝, 电可以通过湿风筝线到达地面。
*Yu will eventually have t g thrugh that drawer.
你最后需要检查一下抽屉。
*He expected the transfer t g thrugh by tday’s nn deadline. 他希望转账在今天中午的最后期限之前完成。
*It is nt until he ges thrugh real hardship that he realizes the lve we have fr ur families is imprtant.
直到他经历真正的困难他才意识到我们对家人的爱的重要性。
【词块积累】
get thrugh 通过(考试等); 接通电话: 完成; 用完
lk thrugh 浏览; 查看
break thrugh 冲破; 突破
see thrugh 看穿, 识破
(1)写出下列句中g thrugh的含义
①I went thrugh my hmewrk t make sure that nthing had been missed. 详细检查
②As yu g thrugh this bk, yu will find that each f the millins f peple wh lived thrugh Wrld War II had a different experience. 读完
③It’s lve and respnsibility that have driven him t g thrugh many hardships and survive. 经历
④As sn as the law ges thrugh, mre fd in the super-market will have t be marked with its rigin. 通过
7. The stry ges like this: Franklin had fund lightning interesting fr years, believing it was actually electricity. 故事是这样的: 多年来, 富兰克林发现闪电很有趣, 他认为它实际上是电。
【句式解构】find +宾语+形容词, 意为: 发现某物……
*We find the new film that we saw last night very interesting.
我们觉得昨晚我们看的新电影很有趣。
*I find my cat asleep in my bed.
我发现我的猫睡在我的床上。
*After a lng search , we fund the by safe and sund.
经过长久的搜寻, 我们发现那个男孩安然无恙。
find+宾语+宾语补足语
“find+neself+宾语补足语”通常表示“(在事先毫无知觉的情况下)突然发现自己处于某种状态”。find的常见复合宾语结构:
(1)find+宾语十现在分词/过去分词/形容词/介词短语发现某人/某物……
(2)find +it+ 形容词/名词+t d sth.
发现/认为做某事……
(1)语法填空。
①When he came t life, he fund himself sitting(sit) n a chair, with his hands tied(tie) back.
②But when the plice arrived, they fund the dr lcked (lck) and all windws clsed(clse).
③The tw girls are s alike that strangers find it difficult t tell(tell) ne frm the ther.
Extended reading & Prject
1. shw ff 显示, 展示; 炫耀, 卖弄; 使夺目, 衬托
*This year’s “Space” theme was truly excellent and shwed ff all f the students’ creative talent.
今年的“空间”主题非常精彩, 充分展示了同学们的创作才华。
*I had t stand in fr her n Tuesday when she didn’t shw up. 她周二没来, 我只好顶替她。
*Wuld yu shw me arund? 你可以带我参观一下吗?
【词块积累】
shw sb. arund 带某人参观
shw up 暴露, 显露; 来到, 露面
shw sb. in/ut 带某人进来/出去
【知识延伸】链接“v. +up”型短语
build up 增强
bring up 抚养, 养育
keep up 保持; 跟上
take up 占据; 开始从事
turn up 出现; 开大
cut up 切碎
cme up 走近; 被提到
lk up 查阅; 向上看
cheer up(使)高兴起来
pick up 拾起; 接载; 学会
(1)语法填空。
①It’s bad manners t shw ff yur wealth befre thers.
② Shw the visitr in as sn as he arrives. Dn’t make him wait arund in the crridr.
③When her dinner partner shwed up, she als pulled up a chair.
④Befre yu start t wrk, I’ll shw yu arund/rund the factry.
(2)The fingerprints n the glass shw up(显现出来)due t the sunlight.
(3)Many small children like t shw ff (炫耀) in frnt f the guests.
(4)The guide shwed the turists arund(带游客参观了) Tian’anmen Square and the Palace Museum yesterday.
2. invlve vt. 牵涉, 影响; 包含; (使)参加
*I had t ask myself, “Is there sme evil invlved in science? ”
我不得不问自己: “科学里是不是有罪恶? ”
*Greetings in Asian cuntries d nt invlve tuching the ther persn, but they always invlve the hands.
亚洲人打招呼是不接触他人身体的, 但经常会用到手。
*I’d like t invlve yu mre in dealing with clients.
我想让你进一步参与同客户的交易。
*Des yur wrk invlve a lt f paper filing and typing?
你的工作是不是涉及很多文件入档案和打字的工作?
【词块积累】
(1)invlve sb. in (ding) sth. 使某人参与(做)某事; 使某人牵扯到某事中
invlve ding sth. 包括做某事; 参与做某事
(2)invlved adj. 复杂的; 有牵连的, 有关的
get/be invlved in 被卷入……之中; 热衷于, 专心于
invlved作前置定语时, 意为“复杂的”; 作后置定语时, 意为“涉及的”。如the invlved stry 复杂的故事, the peple invlved所涉及的人。
语法填空。
①Dctrs have wrked ut chart shwing hw much stress is invlved in varius events.
There was a serius incident invlving(invlve) a grup f yuths.
=There was a serius incident with a grup f yuths invlved(invlve).
3. credit n. 赞扬, 认可; 信用 vt. 存入金额; 把……归于
*Of curse, if we make gd things, it is nt nly t the credit f science; it is als t the credit f the mral chice which led us t gd wrk. 当然, 如果我们做了善事, 不仅归功于科学, 还归功于引导我们行善的道德选择。
*Much f the team’s success can be credited t their manager. 这个队的成功在很大程度上要归功于他们的经理。
*Mst new cars are bught n credit. 大多数新车是赊购的。
*I can’t take all the credit fr the shw’s success — it was a team effrt.
这个节目的成功不能全归功于我——那是团队的努力。
【词块积累】
t sb. ’s credit 为某人增光; 值得赞扬
n credit 赊账
credit card 信用卡
get /take credit fr 因……而出名, 获得荣誉
give sb. credit fr 为……而称赞某人
写出下列句子中credit的汉语释义。
①Giving public credit t smene wh has earned it is the best leadership technique in the wrld. 赞扬
②Wrd that I was trustwrthy and hard-wrking gt arund twn. A lcal clthing stre ffered me credit althugh I was nly in seventh grade. 赊账
③The library has lckers fr students t stre curse literature. When yu have btained at least 40 credits, yu may rent a lcker. 学分
④It was hard t credit sme f the stries we heard abut her. 信任; 相信
⑤He is a great yung man wh is a credit t his family and t his schl. 为…增光
⑥What’s the credit limit n yur credit card? 信用额度
4. ignrance n. 无知; 愚昧
*The scientist has a lt f experience with ignrance and dubt and uncertainty, and this experience is f great imprtance.
科学家经常会经历无知、怀疑和不确定, 而这种经历是十分重要的。
*They fught a lng battle against prejudice and ignrance.
他们同偏见与无知进行了长期的斗争。
*We cannt affrd t ignre their advice.
我们不能不考虑他们的劝告。
*At that time I was ignrant f events ging n elsewhere.
那时我并不了解其他地方发生的事情。
【词块积累】
ignre advice/danger/facts不听劝告/不顾危险/不顾事实
be ignrant f 不了解, 不清楚, 不知道
ignrant adj. 无知的; 愚昧的
Last week a tennis ball hit me n the head, but I tried t ignre(ignre) the pain, believing that it wuld g away sner r later.
2.That unsuitable remark expsed his ignrance(ignre) f the subject.
3. Sme peple always d everything they like, but are ignrant(ignre) f thers’ feelings.
5. take it fr granted 想当然地认为; 认为……是理所当然
*Nw, we scientists take it fr granted that it is perfectly pssible t live and nt knw.
现在, 我们科学家理所当然地认为, 活在世上并对许多事情不了解是完全合乎事理的。
*But ften they just pass by, taking the human traffic signal fr granted. 但是大多数情况下, 他们(司机)开着车就过去了, 把人体交通标志视为理所当然。
【词块积累】
take. . . seriusly 认真对待……
take. . . int cnsideratin 把……考虑在内
take it easy 轻松点
take ne’s time 慢慢来, 不紧张
语法填空。
1.We take having an endless supply f clean water fr granted.
2.Dn’t take what she said seriusly(serius)—she was nly teasing.
3.There is n hurry. Yu can take yur time(慢慢来)ding yur hmewrk.
4.“Just take it easy. (放轻松)”, dctr said. “Yu’ll feel better presently. ”
6. permit vt. &vi. 允许, 准许, 许可; 使有可能 n. 许可证
*Visitrs are nt permitted t take phtgraphs.
参观者请勿拍照。
*We hpe t visit the cathedral, if time permits.
如果时间允许, 我们希望能参观一下主教堂。
*She tk the car withut permissin.
她未经许可擅自使用了汽车。
*He asked permissin t leave the rm.
他请求准许离开房间。
【词块积累】
(1)permit ding sth. 允许做某事
permit sb. t d sth. 允许某人做某事
if time permits如果时间允许
(2)permissin n. [U]允许, 许可, 批准
have permissin t d sth. 获得许可做某事
with ne’s permissin/with the permissin f sb. 在某人的许可/准许下
withut permissin未经许可
(1)语法填空。
①We d nt permit smking (smke) in the ffice.
②It was annunced that nly when the fire was under cntrl wuld the residents be permitted(permit) t return t their hmes.
③We’ll have a picnic at the beach, weather permitting (permit).
④As a punishment, she was nt permitted t attend(attend) any schl activities.
⑤I’ll see yu after the meeting, if time permits(permit).
(2)In ur schl, n student can g ut f the classrm withut permissin(未经许可).
7. declare vt. 表明, 宣称; 公布, 宣布; 申报
*It is ur respnsibility as scientists, knwing the great prgress that is the fruit f freedm f thught, t declare the value f this freedm, t teach hw dubt is nt t be feared but t be welcmed and discussed; and t demand this freedm as ur duty t all cming generatins. 作为科学家, 我们明白巨大进步来源于思想自由, 因此, 我们有责任宣扬这种自由的价值, 有责任教育人们不必害怕疑问, 而应对此持欢迎态度并展开讨论, 有责任确保我们的后代都享有这种自由。
*The cmpany declared that it wuld recall the machines under guarantee. 这个公司表明会召回那些在保修期内的机器。
*Germany declared war n France n 1 August 1914.
德国在1914年8月1日向法国宣战。
【词块积累】
declare sth. /sb. t be/as 宣布……为……
declare that-clause 宣布/宣称……
declare war (n/against. . . ) (向……)宣战
declare the meeting pen/clsed 宣布大会开幕/闭幕
(1)declare指正式地、明确地向公众“宣布; 宣告; 声明”, 侧重“当众”发表, 多用于宣战、议和、宣判等。
(2)annunce指正式地“公开; 发表; 宣布”, 侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事情, 尤指新闻之类的消息。
(1)选词填空(declare/annunce)。
①The schl ffice annunced that the sprts meeting wuld be put ff.
②An Italian physician has declared that he wants t be the first t clne a human being.
(2)The teacher declared him (t be/as) ur mnitr.
老师宣布他为我们的班长。
(3)The cuntry had n ther chice but t declare war n their enemy.
这个国家没有其他选择, 不得不向他们的敌人宣战。
(4)On August 5, ur headmaster declared the sprts meet pen.
8月5日, 我们的校长宣布运动会开幕。
长难句分析
(1)When we lk at any questin deeply enugh, we feel the excitement and mystery cming t us again and again. (宾语补足语)
译文: 当我们足够深入地看待任何问题时, 我们就会感到一次又一次的兴奋和神秘。
(2)With mre knwledge cmes(谓语) a deeper, mre wnderful mystery, inspiring ne t lk deeper still(现在分词作结果状语)(倒装句).
译文: 知识越多, 谜团就越深, 越奇妙, 越能激励人去看得更深。
(3)Never cncerned that the answer may let us dwn(状语), with pleasure and cnfidence we turn ver each new stne t find unimagined strangeness(主句) leading n t mre wnderful questins and mysteries(现在分词作结果状语).
译文: 我们从不担心这个(问题的)答案会让我们失望, 带着愉悦和信心, 我们翻开每一块新的石头, 发现无法想象的陌生感, 带来更多奇妙的问题和谜团。 Bk 3 Unit 4 短语荟萃
refer/rɪ'fɜː(r)/ t 查阅,参考;提到，谈及(44)
speed up (使)加速(45)
pay ff 成功，奏效，达到目的(45)
thrugh trial and errr反复试验(45)
by accident 偶然,意外地(48)
with a bang 很成功；引人注目，有强烈影响(51)
let sb dwn 使某人失望(54)
as t 关于，至于(54)
take it fr granted /'ɡrɑːntɪd/ 想当然地认为，认为…是理所当然(54)
put frward 提出,提议,建议(55)
（2）课本中其它短语（102）
a desire fr truth (p.43) 对真理的渴望
the schl Science Festival 学校科学节
make a fact file 制作纪实文案
make a difference 有影响，有作用
A Brief Histry f Time 时间简史
a life-saving medicine (p.44) 救命药
fight against 与……作斗争，反对……
in human histry 在人类历史上
thanks t 幸亏，由于
a greatly increased chance f survival 生存的机会大大增加
after graduatin 毕业之后
the Academy f Traditinal Chinese Medicine 中国中医药研究院
acquire a brad knwledge 博学，获得广博的知识
in the 1960s 在20世纪60年代
die f 死于
a cure fr ……的疗法
prduce any prmising results 产生有希望的结果
at a lw temperature (p.45) 在低温下
wrk day and night 日夜工作
the trials n patients 对病人的试验
have sufficient safety data 有足够的安全数据
vlunteer t d sth 志愿做某事
a key part f ……关键的部分
draw n凭借;利用;动用;（时光）渐渐过去
(be)beneficial t 对……有好处
win a Nbel Prize (p.46)获得诺贝尔奖
in ne’s pinin 在某人看来
great ptential fr future advances (p.47) 未来发展潜力巨大
make gd use f 好好利用
cnduct research 进行研究
the survival rate 存活率
explain a term 解释一个术语
a wrld-changing discvery (p.48) 一个改变世界的发现
cme frm unlikely surces来自不太可能的来源
be cnsidered t be 被认为是
perfrm sme tests 进行一些测试
treat wunds 治疗伤口
catch the attentin f 引起…的注意
mass prductin大量生产；成批生产
far frm the truth 绝非真实
get sth started 开始某事
win an award (p.49) 获奖
wrk ut 想出，得到；解出；发生，进展，圆满结束；锻炼
a silk ribbn 丝带
n a strmy day 在一个暴风雨天
a deadly electric shck 致命的电击
thery f cntinental drift 大陆漂移理论
the eastern castline f Suth America 南美洲东部海岸线
fit tgether 组合在一起
put frward 提出，推荐
the driving frce 动力，驱动力，推动力
cme up (p.50) 上来；走近；被提及，被讨论；即将发生，即将到来，突然发生；上市；升起；开庭审理
take an interest in 对…感兴趣
develp skills 培养技能
take part in the wrkshp 参加讨论会
hand in 上交
a well-knwn scientist 著名的科学家
take ntes 记笔记
as brief as pssible 尽可能简洁
g ff (p.51)进行，进展；离开；对…不再喜欢，失去对…的兴趣；爆炸，开火；停止运转，（灯）灭了；变质，坏掉
amazing fun 非常有趣
In Thursday's Science Wrkshp 在周四的科学研讨会上
with great interest 怀着极大的兴趣
get a taste f 尝一尝，体味……
live in uter space 生活在外层空间
The Science Fair 科学博览会
lk like a space statin 看起来像空间站
a huge success 巨大的成功
due t 由于，因为
hld a Science Festival (p.52)举办科学节
give a lecture n 做……的讲座
mve smthly 平稳地移动，进展顺利
wrk n the atmic bmb (p.53)研究原子弹
put ne’s future at risk 置前途于危险之中
(be)invlved in 卷入，涉及，参与
put anther way 换句话说
devte neself t 致力于
t the credit f science 科学的功劳，归功于科学
lead sb t gd wrk 带领某人做好工作
an enabling pwer 促进力量
d either gd r bad 做好事或坏事
intellectual enjyment (p.54) 智力享受
again and again 一次又一次
turn ver （使）翻转，翻身；细想；移交，交托
unimagined strangeness不可思议的怪事
lead n t 引向，引起，导致
turn t 转向；翻到；求助于
in sme dubt 有点怀疑
ut f a deep and strng struggle against authrity 在与权威的激烈斗争中
in the early days f science 在科学的早期
leave rm fr dubt 给怀疑留出空间
permit sb t d sth 允许某人做某事
the fruit f freedm f thught 思想自由的果实
in different fields (p.55) 在不同领域
persnal infrmatin 个人信息
scientific research 科学研究
published wrks 已出版作品
the thery f evlutin by natural selectin 自然选择进化论
On the Origin f Species 论物种起源
make up ne’s mind下决心
the Nbel Prize in Physilgy r Medicine (p.56) 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖
be awarded t sb 授奖给某人
【课堂检测】
1．The army rganized teams t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the deadly (deadly).
2．They (survival) fr fur hurs in the freezing water befre they were finally rescued.
3．He returned with the (intend) f spending New Year with his family.
4．Please dn't include cvers. A list f (refer) must be included.
5．In my pinin, we shuld (limited) ur expense t what we can affrd.
6．He recmmended that she d sme research and talk t dentists abut what a healthier candy wuld cntainer (cntainer).
7．Over the past ten years, ur cuntry has made admirable achievements in space explratin(explre).
8．Hw can we imprve medical care t (beneficial) peple？In ther wrds, hw can we create a healthcare system that helps peple?
9．There's a (sufficient) f drama in these lives t sustain yur interest.
10．The game has already been (pstpne) three times.
My mther’s dream was t becme a teacher, but it was interrupted（中断）by an unexpected child: her wn. 31 my mther left the fields f 32 frmally, she did nt leave it entirely.
On the first day f kindergarten（幼儿园）, I 33 my lunch bx, inside f which I fund a nte frm my mther written n a 34 , saying that she lved me, that she was 35 f me and that I was the 36 kindergartener in the wrld! Because f that napkin nte I made it thrugh my first day f kindergarten and many mre schl days t 37 .
There have been many napkin ntes since the first ne. There were napkin ntes in elementary schl when I was 38 with math, telling me t “Hang in there. Yu can d it!” There were napkin ntes in high schl, 39 my basketball team was the first team in ur schl’s 40 t play in a state champinship（锦标赛）, telling me, “There is n ‘I’ in a team. Yu have gt this 41 because yu knw hw t 42 .” And there were even napkin ntes which were 43 t me in cllege, far away frm my mther’s 44 tuch. Despite（尽管）the changes f clleges, majrs, byfriends, and the ways I lked at the wrld, my mther’s encuragement, supprt and teachings 45 in years f lve and napkin ntes.
At Christmas this year, my frty-year-ld mther was 46 ging back t schl t earn her degree in teaching. I als gave her favrite fds. 47 she pened up her “Yu can d it!” napkin nte 48 me, tears began running dwn her face. When her eyes met mine, I knew that she 49 my unspken message: My mther is, and has always been, a(n) 50 .
31. A. After B. If C. Thugh D. Since
32. A. art B. science C. educatin D. farm
33. A. carried B. pened C. mved D. clsed
34. A. twel B. paper C. napkin D. clth
35. A. fnd B. afraid C. wrried D. prud
36. A. best B. wrst C. luckiest D. richest
37. A. arrive B. begin C. spend D. fllw
38. A. Satisfied B. struggling C. armed D. wrking
39. A. when B. after C. befre D. until
40. A. culture B. histry C. system D. playgrund
41. A. far B. high C. much D. fast
42. A. perfrm B. act C. share D. cmpete
43. A. explained B. handed C. said D. sent
44. A. mental B. scial C. physical D. natural
45. A. ended B. repeated C. frgt D. appeared
46. A. actually B. suddenly C. hardly D. finally
47. A. As B. Befre C. Althugh D. Because
48. A. f B. t C. with D. frm
49. A. understd B. accepted C. gt D. received
50. A. parent B. teacher C. wrker D. Studen
31.【参考答案】C
【思路解析】 1.根据left the fields f frmally, she did nt leave it entirely.可知主从句之间为让步关系。
32.【参考答案】C
【思路解析】题意可知 尽管母亲形式上离开了教育领域，但她并没有完全离开它。
33.【参考答案】B
【思路解析】只有打开午餐盒才能发现里面的纸条。
34.【参考答案】C
【思路解析】由下文可知根据下文Because f that napkin nte和第三段中的There have been many napkin ntes等提示可知
35.【参考答案】D
【思路解析】前面说she lved me，所以此空的形容词在意义上应该是褒义的。妈妈说她很爱我，对我感到很自豪。
36.【参考答案】A
【思路解析】母亲认为“我是世界上幼儿园里最好的孩子”。
37【参考答案】D
【思路解析】days t fllw相当于fllwing days即“接下来的学校时光”。
38.【参考答案】B
【思路解析】根据下文母亲的鼓励Hang in there. Yu can d it!坚持下去，你会做得很好！可以看出当时作者学习数学有困难。struggle with sth.表示"努力做某事"
【参考答案】A
【思路解析】根据第八空前when可知此处应用when，表示作者回忆在小学、高中时母亲给她写的便条。
【参考答案】B
【思路解析】我所在的校篮球队有机会参加州篮球锦标赛，创造了我校的历史，妈妈告诉我打比赛更要有团队合作精神。
41.【参考答案】A
【思路解析】Yu have gt this far意为"你已经走到这一步"。
42.【参考答案】C
【思路解析】根据上文母亲的鼓励There is n "I" in a team, 可知，此处应为:share分享。
43.【参考答案】D
【思路解析】此处指我上大学后，妈妈将便条寄给了我。
44.【参考答案】C
【思路解析】我离开家上了大学，距离太远，妈妈无法将便条当面给我，只好寄给我。
此处的physical tuch“身体接触”。
45.【参考答案】B
【思路解析】根据第三段中的There have been many napkin ntes since等可知母亲的鼓励、支持和教诲，反反复复，在爱的岁月里和餐巾短笺中，伴随作者成长 。
46.【参考答案】D
【思路解析】40岁的妈妈最后决定要回到学校拿学位。
47.【参考答案】A
【思路解析】as表示随着一件事情的发生，另一件事情也跟着发生，符合当母亲看到作者的小纸条感动得哭起来这样一个情景。
48.【参考答案】D
【思路解析】 根据 tears began running dwn her face. When her eyes met mine⋅⋅⋅可知便条当然是我写给她的。frm表出处。
49.【参考答案】A
【思路解析】母亲理解了作者没有讲明的话语信息。
50.【参考答案】B
【思路解析】根据母亲对作者的鼓励和最后一段中的ging back t schl t earn her degree in teaching可知。
【要点回顾】
课堂错题收集
学霸笔记本：教师引导学生借助知识脑图总结重难点，培养学生复习习惯
【温故知新】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Gratitude is nt nly an art perfrmed in daily life, but als part f ur traditinal virtue. Has yur mther r friend tld yu that yu're an ungrateful persn? D yu feel unable t appreciate the wrld r peple arund yu? Are yu bsessed with things yu dn't have instead f being thankful fr what yu d have? 36 then yu will definitely need t wrk n being a mre grateful persn.
Shwing gratitude has been put frward in the last few decades. 37 But there are still sme tips that help make it pssible fr yu t practice gratitude.
Refusing t play the victim is the first step yu're suppsed t take. 38 If yu want t be grateful, stp cmplaining t the wrld, yur teachers, yur friends and yur family abut nt putting themselves in yur shes, and fcus n hw much they've helped and cared abut yu.
Vlunteering in yur cmmunity is anther effective way t shw hw grateful yu are fr what the wrld has given yu. Whether yu're helping clean up a lcal park，wrking in a sup kitchen，r teaching children r adults in yur cmmunity t learn t read, yur perspective twards life will change psitively. ____39____
40 Yu shuldn't always be gd nly t yur clse friends r family members. Yu can help a neighbr lk fr a lst dg. Yu can als help an ld lady carry her grceries. Yu dn’t have t search fr these pprtunities purpsely. Smetimes they will present themselves. S when they cme, act with genersity. Yu'll be mre grateful fr yur rle played in the wrld.
A.Hwever hard yu try t avid these questins,
B. If yu find yurself invlved in ne f these circumstances,
C. Gradually, yu'll be mre grateful fr the chances t repay the sciety.
D. Ding a randm act f kindness is als a great way f practicing gratitude.
E. While such encuragement is mrally meaningful, it seems t be a little abstract.
F. Ungrateful persns are always blaming the wrld fr the prblems and wing all the faults t thers.
G. When yu reflect n yur thughts, feelings, emtins and actins, yu are actually reflecting n yur values.
36-40BEFCD
完形填空
It was the first day I was able t get ut f bed since getting my heart shattered (难过的). I decided t have a 41 , trying t start feeling human again.
When my hairdresser asked hw I had been, I wanted t say “fine” because that’s what yu’re 42 t d when yu make small talk. 43 I even realized what was happening, tears started rlling dwn my cheeks.
44 missing a beat, this wman wh 45 knew me gathered me in her arms and 46 me as I cried.
She said, “I can feel all yur pain and it’s 47 .”
I had been feeling s 48 sad and hpeless fr days. When peple we pen ur hearts and suls t 49 us, we lse faith.
I was 50 that I culdn’t hld myself tgether fr a simple haircut. I felt like my tears were admitting my 51 . I had lst a friend, and lst a hme.
But this stranger tk care f me in a way that I 52 . I pened up t smene I hardly knew, and just let all my hurt pur ut int her arms, and she did the same. We 53 tgether.
In just that mment, my 54 clsed just a bit mre, and it reminded that there were truly 55 peple in this wrld. I began t understand that I was nt alne.
41. A. meal B. haircutC. bathD. trip
42. A. suppsed B. askedC. allwedD. taught
43. A. SinceB. ThughC. UnlessD. Befre
44. A. UpnB. WithutC. BeyndD. After
45. A. ttallyB. slightlyC. hardlyD. actually
46. A. fllwed B. cntrlledC. heldD. left
47. A. heartbreaking B. satisfyingC. surprisingD. interesting
48. A. strangely B. reasnablyC. suddenlyD. terribly
49. A. hurtB. changeC. frightenD. fl
50. A. disappintedB. embarrassed C. discuragedD. cnfused
51. A. regretB. illnessC. pressureD. failure
52. A. required B. agreedC. neededD. hated
53. A. struggled B. criedC. fughtD. decided
54. A. pityB. muthC. hpeD. wund
55. A. smartB. richC. gdD. prfessinal
41-45BADBC 46-50CADAB 51-55DCBDC
【康奈尔笔记法——5R笔记法】
5R笔记法，又叫做康奈尔笔记法，是用产生这种笔记法的大学校名命名的。这一方法几乎适用于一切讲授或阅读课，特别是对于听课笔记，5R笔记法应是最佳首选。这种方法是记与学，思考与运用相结合的有效方法。
1.记录（Recrd）
在听讲或阅读过程中，在记录栏（有称为主栏，及最大的一个区域）内尽量多记有意义的论据、概念等讲课内容。
2.简化（Reduce）
下课以后，尽可能及早将这些论据、概念简明扼要地概括（简化）在回忆栏，即副栏。
3.背诵（Recite）
把主栏遮住，只用回忆栏中的摘记提示，尽量完满地叙述课堂上讲过的内容。
4.思考（Reflect）
将自己的听课随感、意见、经验体会之类的内容，与讲课内容区分开，写在卡片或笔记本的某一单独部分，加上标题和索引，编制成提纲、摘要，分成类目。并随时归档。
5.复习（Review）
每周花十分钟左右时间，快速复习笔记，主要是先看回忆栏，适当看主栏，并在复习栏绘制这部分内容的知识思维导图。
康奈尔Crnell笔记法使用说明
记忆栏：2.简化（Reduce）3.背诵（Recite）
在这里学习内容的简化：解法提炼、学习提示
记忆栏：1.记录（Recrd）在这里记录课堂笔记：用简洁的文字、符号、记号记录课堂要点
复习栏：4.思考（Reflect）5.复习（Review）在这里用思维导图形式总结本节课的重难点
康奈尔Crnell笔记法使用说明
记忆栏：
记忆栏：
复习栏：
学习目标
掌握本单元后半部分的重要的知识点
阅读训练，学会阅读的解题方法，提供做题正确率】
教学内容
【进门测试】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The frest area in the wrld 56________ (decrease) frm 4.12 billin hectares in 1990 t 3.99 billin hectares in 2015, accrding t the UN Fd and Agriculture Organizatin (FAO).
Meanwhile, China's frest cverage rate increased 57 ________10 percent since 1999 when China started returning farmland t frest.
The frest cverage rate f Wuqi Cunty in nrthwest China's Shaanxi prvince increased frm 19.2 percent in 1997 t 72.9 percent this year. This area had 58________ (previus) been identified by the FAO as nt pssessing the basic 59 ________ (cnditin) fr sustaining human life.
In the prject's new rund 60________ (launch) in 2014, China's vast central and western regins have nt nly grwn greener but fund new ways t develp 61________ (they) ecnmies. Trees have becme 62________ (value) resurces and are named “green gld".
In Chishui City f suthwest China's Guizhu Prvince 63________ used t be a natinal-level pverty-stricken cunty, farmland was returned int bamb frests. The frests are used t develp papermaking, furniture and fd industries. Herbs are grwn and chickens are raised under the bamb trees 64________ (prduce) mre incme. Farmers there have fund a sustainable surce f incme and 65________ cunty became the first in Guizhu t get rid f pverty.
语法填空：
56 decreased 57 by 58 previusly 59 cnditins 60 launched
61 their 62 valuable 63 that/which 64 t prduce 65 the
【多元导学】
【互动精讲】
1. surrund vt. 围绕; 环绕; 与……紧密相关
*He bserved that the bacteria surrunding the muld were dead. 他观察到霉菌周围的细菌都死了。
*When the car stpped in the twn square it was surrunded by sldiers and militiamen.
当这辆汽车停在城镇广场时立刻被士兵和民兵包围了。
*Schumacher adapted effrtlessly t his new surrundings.
舒马赫非常轻松地适应了新环境。
【词块积累】
surrund sb. /sth. with /by. . . 使某人/某物被……包围
surrunding n. 周围的事物; 环境(通常用复数形式) adj. 周围的
(1)语法填空。
①The trees surrunding(surrund)the twn were planted by the sldiers ten years ag.
②Only in this way can we live in mre cmfrtable and beautiful surrundings (surrund).
③Surrunded (surrund)by a dzen f children, the wmen happily celebrated her 80th birthday.
(2)语段填空。
As a famus pp star, he lves ①being surrunded by s many fans cming t visit him befre the ②surrunding twns. And he als likes beautiful ③surrundings with green trees and flwers, because he can get much mre pleasure frm nature (surrund).
2. indicate v. 指出; 提及; 表明; 暗示; 示意
*The results indicated that smething prduced by the muld had killed the bacteria.
结果表明, 霉菌产生的某种物质杀死了细菌。
*The number f wells is a fair indicatr f the demand fr water.
水井的数量能较准确地反映水需求量的大小。
*All the indicatins are that we are ging t receive reasnable supprt frm abrad.
所有迹象都表明, 我们将从国外获得有力支持。
【词块积累】
indicate sth. t sb. 向某人示意/ 指出某事
indicate that. . . 指示/表明……
indicatin n. 暗示; 表示; 预兆
indicatr指示器
【巧学助记】 构词记忆 in(向内)+ dic-(说, 讲)+ ate(动词词尾)→indicate v. 暗示
语法填空。
①There is a great deal f evidence indicating(indicate)that music activities engage different parts f the brain.
②The headmaster tk ut a map and indicated the quickest rute t us.
③He indicated that an indicatr shuld give me sme indicatin f hw I did in the test. (indicate)
(2)Accrding t an ld prverb, a red sky at night ften indicates fine weather(预示着好天气)the next day.
3. fav(u)r n. 帮助、恩惠; 赞成; 善意的行为; 偏爱; 支持; 有利于
*As Luis Pasteur said, “Frtune favurs the prepared mind. ”
正如路易·巴斯德所说: “幸运总是垂青有准备的人。”
*As an examiner, she shwed n favur t any candidate.
作为主考人她没有偏袒任何应试者。
*Can I ask yu a favur? 我可以请你帮个忙吗?
*I am all in favur f (= cmpletely supprt) equal pay fr equal wrk. 我完全支持同工同酬。
【词块积累】
(1)ask a favur f sb. 请某人帮忙/照顾
d a favur fr sb. =d sb. a favur 给某人恩惠, 帮某人忙
in favur f 支持, 赞同
(2)favurite adj. 最喜爱的
语法填空。
①Mst f them were in favur f my pinin while David was against it.
②I wed him a favur, s I culdn’t say n.
(2)I talked t Susie abut it, and she’s in favur f ging(赞成去).
(3)Culd yu d me a favur/d a favur fr me(帮我一个忙)and turn ff that light?
4. charge v. 充电; 收费; 控告; 谴责; 使……承担责任; 使充满 n. 收费; 控告; 谴责; 掌管
*When a thunderstrm apprached, the lightning wuld charge the key. 当雷雨来临时, 闪电就会给钥匙充电。
*Any driver fund drinking will be charged.
所有被发现饮酒的司机将会被罚款。
*He was charged with murder. 他被指控犯有谋杀罪。
*We have t make a small charge fr refreshments.
我们得收取少量茶点费。
*He tk charge f the farm after his father’s death.
他在父亲去世后掌管了农场。
【词块积累】
(1)in charge (f) 主管; 负责; 照顾
in the charge f=in ne’s charge 由某人负责, 由某人管理
take charge f 掌管; 负责, 看管
free f charge=fr free 免费
(2)charge sb. with sth. 因某事控告某人
charge sb. (mney) fr sth. 向某人索取……的费用
表示“控告某人某事”还可以用accuse sb. f sth. 结构。注意介词搭配的不同。
语法填空。
①We chse this htel because the price fr a night here is dwn t $20, half f what it used t charge(charge).
②Yur rder will be delivered free f charge within a ten-mile limit.
同义句转换。
The shp was in his charge while the manager was away.
①The shp was in the charge f him while the manager was away.
②He was in charge f the shp while the manager was away.
③He tk charge f the shp while the manager was away.
5. far frm远非
*One might think Fleming discvered penicillin by accident, but actually this is far frm the truth. 有人可能会认为弗莱明发现青霉素是出于偶然, 然而实际上, 这远非事实。
*In fact, far frm being a bk abut death, it is a bk abut life. 事实上, 这不是一本关于死亡的书, 而是一本关于生命的书。
* If yu get t knw him, yu will find he is far frm a fl.
如果你和他熟悉了, 就会发现他一点也不傻。
*S far we have dne a lt t build a lw-carbn ecnmy, but it is far frm ideal. We have t wrk still harder.
到目前为止, 我们已经做了很多工作来建立一个低碳经济, 但它离理想还很远。 我们还要更努力地工作。
【词块积累】
far frm+n. /adj. 离……很远; 远离; 远非……
far frm ding sth. 决不会做某事
far frm it完全相反; 远非如此
语法填空。
(1)Yur exam results are far frm satisfactry. It’s time fr yu t duble yur effrt.
(2)Far frm helping(help) the situatin, yu have just made it wrse.
6. g thrugh穿过; 经历; 通过; 浏览; 仔细检查; 完成
*He wrked ut that by flying a kite during a thunderstrm, electricity culd g thrugh the wet kite line dwn t earth.
他发现在雷雨天气放风筝, 电可以通过湿风筝线到达地面。
*Yu will eventually have t g thrugh that drawer.
你最后需要检查一下抽屉。
*He expected the transfer t g thrugh by tday’s nn deadline. 他希望转账在今天中午的最后期限之前完成。
*It is nt until he ges thrugh real hardship that he realizes the lve we have fr ur families is imprtant.
直到他经历真正的困难他才意识到我们对家人的爱的重要性。
【词块积累】
get thrugh 通过(考试等); 接通电话: 完成; 用完
lk thrugh 浏览; 查看
break thrugh 冲破; 突破
see thrugh 看穿, 识破
(1)写出下列句中g thrugh的含义
①I went thrugh my hmewrk t make sure that nthing had been missed. 详细检查
②As yu g thrugh this bk, yu will find that each f the millins f peple wh lived thrugh Wrld War II had a different experience. 读完
③It’s lve and respnsibility that have driven him t g thrugh many hardships and survive. 经历
④As sn as the law ges thrugh, mre fd in the super-market will have t be marked with its rigin. 通过
7. The stry ges like this: Franklin had fund lightning interesting fr years, believing it was actually electricity. 故事是这样的: 多年来, 富兰克林发现闪电很有趣, 他认为它实际上是电。
【句式解构】find +宾语+形容词, 意为: 发现某物……
*We find the new film that we saw last night very interesting.
我们觉得昨晚我们看的新电影很有趣。
*I find my cat asleep in my bed.
我发现我的猫睡在我的床上。
*After a lng search , we fund the by safe and sund.
经过长久的搜寻, 我们发现那个男孩安然无恙。
find+宾语+宾语补足语
“find+neself+宾语补足语”通常表示“(在事先毫无知觉的情况下)突然发现自己处于某种状态”。find的常见复合宾语结构:
(1)find+宾语十现在分词/过去分词/形容词/介词短语发现某人/某物……
(2)find +it+ 形容词/名词+t d sth.
发现/认为做某事……
(1)语法填空。
①When he came t life, he fund himself sitting(sit) n a chair, with his hands tied(tie) back.
②But when the plice arrived, they fund the dr lcked (lck) and all windws clsed(clse).
③The tw girls are s alike that strangers find it difficult t tell(tell) ne frm the ther.
Extended reading & Prject
1. shw ff 显示, 展示; 炫耀, 卖弄; 使夺目, 衬托
*This year’s “Space” theme was truly excellent and shwed ff all f the students’ creative talent.
今年的“空间”主题非常精彩, 充分展示了同学们的创作才华。
*I had t stand in fr her n Tuesday when she didn’t shw up. 她周二没来, 我只好顶替她。
*Wuld yu shw me arund? 你可以带我参观一下吗?
【词块积累】
shw sb. arund 带某人参观
shw up 暴露, 显露; 来到, 露面
shw sb. in/ut 带某人进来/出去
【知识延伸】链接“v. +up”型短语
build up 增强
bring up 抚养, 养育
keep up 保持; 跟上
take up 占据; 开始从事
turn up 出现; 开大
cut up 切碎
cme up 走近; 被提到
lk up 查阅; 向上看
cheer up(使)高兴起来
pick up 拾起; 接载; 学会
(1)语法填空。
①It’s bad manners t shw ff yur wealth befre thers.
② Shw the visitr in as sn as he arrives. Dn’t make him wait arund in the crridr.
③When her dinner partner shwed up, she als pulled up a chair.
④Befre yu start t wrk, I’ll shw yu arund/rund the factry.
(2)The fingerprints n the glass shw up(显现出来)due t the sunlight.
(3)Many small children like t shw ff (炫耀) in frnt f the guests.
(4)The guide shwed the turists arund(带游客参观了) Tian’anmen Square and the Palace Museum yesterday.
2. invlve vt. 牵涉, 影响; 包含; (使)参加
*I had t ask myself, “Is there sme evil invlved in science? ”
我不得不问自己: “科学里是不是有罪恶? ”
*Greetings in Asian cuntries d nt invlve tuching the ther persn, but they always invlve the hands.
亚洲人打招呼是不接触他人身体的, 但经常会用到手。
*I’d like t invlve yu mre in dealing with clients.
我想让你进一步参与同客户的交易。
*Des yur wrk invlve a lt f paper filing and typing?
你的工作是不是涉及很多文件入档案和打字的工作?
【词块积累】
(1)invlve sb. in (ding) sth. 使某人参与(做)某事; 使某人牵扯到某事中
invlve ding sth. 包括做某事; 参与做某事
(2)invlved adj. 复杂的; 有牵连的, 有关的
get/be invlved in 被卷入……之中; 热衷于, 专心于
invlved作前置定语时, 意为“复杂的”; 作后置定语时, 意为“涉及的”。如the invlved stry 复杂的故事, the peple invlved所涉及的人。
语法填空。
①Dctrs have wrked ut chart shwing hw much stress is invlved in varius events.
There was a serius incident invlving(invlve) a grup f yuths.
=There was a serius incident with a grup f yuths invlved(invlve).
3. credit n. 赞扬, 认可; 信用 vt. 存入金额; 把……归于
*Of curse, if we make gd things, it is nt nly t the credit f science; it is als t the credit f the mral chice which led us t gd wrk. 当然, 如果我们做了善事, 不仅归功于科学, 还归功于引导我们行善的道德选择。
*Much f the team’s success can be credited t their manager. 这个队的成功在很大程度上要归功于他们的经理。
*Mst new cars are bught n credit. 大多数新车是赊购的。
*I can’t take all the credit fr the shw’s success — it was a team effrt.
这个节目的成功不能全归功于我——那是团队的努力。
【词块积累】
t sb. ’s credit 为某人增光; 值得赞扬
n credit 赊账
credit card 信用卡
get /take credit fr 因……而出名, 获得荣誉
give sb. credit fr 为……而称赞某人
写出下列句子中credit的汉语释义。
①Giving public credit t smene wh has earned it is the best leadership technique in the wrld. 赞扬
②Wrd that I was trustwrthy and hard-wrking gt arund twn. A lcal clthing stre ffered me credit althugh I was nly in seventh grade. 赊账
③The library has lckers fr students t stre curse literature. When yu have btained at least 40 credits, yu may rent a lcker. 学分
④It was hard t credit sme f the stries we heard abut her. 信任; 相信
⑤He is a great yung man wh is a credit t his family and t his schl. 为…增光
⑥What’s the credit limit n yur credit card? 信用额度
4. ignrance n. 无知; 愚昧
*The scientist has a lt f experience with ignrance and dubt and uncertainty, and this experience is f great imprtance.
科学家经常会经历无知、怀疑和不确定, 而这种经历是十分重要的。
*They fught a lng battle against prejudice and ignrance.
他们同偏见与无知进行了长期的斗争。
*We cannt affrd t ignre their advice.
我们不能不考虑他们的劝告。
*At that time I was ignrant f events ging n elsewhere.
那时我并不了解其他地方发生的事情。
【词块积累】
ignre advice/danger/facts不听劝告/不顾危险/不顾事实
be ignrant f 不了解, 不清楚, 不知道
ignrant adj. 无知的; 愚昧的
Last week a tennis ball hit me n the head, but I tried t ignre(ignre) the pain, believing that it wuld g away sner r later.
2.That unsuitable remark expsed his ignrance(ignre) f the subject.
3. Sme peple always d everything they like, but are ignrant(ignre) f thers’ feelings.
5. take it fr granted 想当然地认为; 认为……是理所当然
*Nw, we scientists take it fr granted that it is perfectly pssible t live and nt knw.
现在, 我们科学家理所当然地认为, 活在世上并对许多事情不了解是完全合乎事理的。
*But ften they just pass by, taking the human traffic signal fr granted. 但是大多数情况下, 他们(司机)开着车就过去了, 把人体交通标志视为理所当然。
【词块积累】
take. . . seriusly 认真对待……
take. . . int cnsideratin 把……考虑在内
take it easy 轻松点
take ne’s time 慢慢来, 不紧张
语法填空。
1.We take having an endless supply f clean water fr granted.
2.Dn’t take what she said seriusly(serius)—she was nly teasing.
3.There is n hurry. Yu can take yur time(慢慢来)ding yur hmewrk.
4.“Just take it easy. (放轻松)”, dctr said. “Yu’ll feel better presently. ”
6. permit vt. &vi. 允许, 准许, 许可; 使有可能 n. 许可证
*Visitrs are nt permitted t take phtgraphs.
参观者请勿拍照。
*We hpe t visit the cathedral, if time permits.
如果时间允许, 我们希望能参观一下主教堂。
*She tk the car withut permissin.
她未经许可擅自使用了汽车。
*He asked permissin t leave the rm.
他请求准许离开房间。
【词块积累】
(1)permit ding sth. 允许做某事
permit sb. t d sth. 允许某人做某事
if time permits如果时间允许
(2)permissin n. [U]允许, 许可, 批准
have permissin t d sth. 获得许可做某事
with ne’s permissin/with the permissin f sb. 在某人的许可/准许下
withut permissin未经许可
(1)语法填空。
①We d nt permit smking (smke) in the ffice.
②It was annunced that nly when the fire was under cntrl wuld the residents be permitted(permit) t return t their hmes.
③We’ll have a picnic at the beach, weather permitting (permit).
④As a punishment, she was nt permitted t attend(attend) any schl activities.
⑤I’ll see yu after the meeting, if time permits(permit).
(2)In ur schl, n student can g ut f the classrm withut permissin(未经许可).
7. declare vt. 表明, 宣称; 公布, 宣布; 申报
*It is ur respnsibility as scientists, knwing the great prgress that is the fruit f freedm f thught, t declare the value f this freedm, t teach hw dubt is nt t be feared but t be welcmed and discussed; and t demand this freedm as ur duty t all cming generatins. 作为科学家, 我们明白巨大进步来源于思想自由, 因此, 我们有责任宣扬这种自由的价值, 有责任教育人们不必害怕疑问, 而应对此持欢迎态度并展开讨论, 有责任确保我们的后代都享有这种自由。
*The cmpany declared that it wuld recall the machines under guarantee. 这个公司表明会召回那些在保修期内的机器。
*Germany declared war n France n 1 August 1914.
德国在1914年8月1日向法国宣战。
【词块积累】
declare sth. /sb. t be/as 宣布……为……
declare that-clause 宣布/宣称……
declare war (n/against. . . ) (向……)宣战
declare the meeting pen/clsed 宣布大会开幕/闭幕
(1)declare指正式地、明确地向公众“宣布; 宣告; 声明”, 侧重“当众”发表, 多用于宣战、议和、宣判等。
(2)annunce指正式地“公开; 发表; 宣布”, 侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事情, 尤指新闻之类的消息。
(1)选词填空(declare/annunce)。
①The schl ffice annunced that the sprts meeting wuld be put ff.
②An Italian physician has declared that he wants t be the first t clne a human being.
(2)The teacher declared him (t be/as) ur mnitr.
老师宣布他为我们的班长。
(3)The cuntry had n ther chice but t declare war n their enemy.
这个国家没有其他选择, 不得不向他们的敌人宣战。
(4)On August 5, ur headmaster declared the sprts meet pen.
8月5日, 我们的校长宣布运动会开幕。
长难句分析
(1)When we lk at any questin deeply enugh, we feel the excitement and mystery cming t us again and again. (宾语补足语)
译文: 当我们足够深入地看待任何问题时, 我们就会感到一次又一次的兴奋和神秘。
(2)With mre knwledge cmes(谓语) a deeper, mre wnderful mystery, inspiring ne t lk deeper still(现在分词作结果状语)(倒装句).
译文: 知识越多, 谜团就越深, 越奇妙, 越能激励人去看得更深。
(3)Never cncerned that the answer may let us dwn(状语), with pleasure and cnfidence we turn ver each new stne t find unimagined strangeness(主句) leading n t mre wnderful questins and mysteries(现在分词作结果状语).
译文: 我们从不担心这个(问题的)答案会让我们失望, 带着愉悦和信心, 我们翻开每一块新的石头, 发现无法想象的陌生感, 带来更多奇妙的问题和谜团。 Bk 3 Unit 4 短语荟萃
refer/rɪ'fɜː(r)/ t 查阅,参考;提到，谈及(44)
speed up (使)加速(45)
pay ff 成功，奏效，达到目的(45)
thrugh trial and errr反复试验(45)
by accident 偶然,意外地(48)
with a bang 很成功；引人注目，有强烈影响(51)
let sb dwn 使某人失望(54)
as t 关于，至于(54)
take it fr granted /'ɡrɑːntɪd/ 想当然地认为，认为…是理所当然(54)
put frward 提出,提议,建议(55)
（2）课本中其它短语（102）
a desire fr truth (p.43) 对真理的渴望
the schl Science Festival 学校科学节
make a fact file 制作纪实文案
make a difference 有影响，有作用
A Brief Histry f Time 时间简史
a life-saving medicine (p.44) 救命药
fight against 与……作斗争，反对……
in human histry 在人类历史上
thanks t 幸亏，由于
a greatly increased chance f survival 生存的机会大大增加
after graduatin 毕业之后
the Academy f Traditinal Chinese Medicine 中国中医药研究院
acquire a brad knwledge 博学，获得广博的知识
in the 1960s 在20世纪60年代
die f 死于
a cure fr ……的疗法
prduce any prmising results 产生有希望的结果
at a lw temperature (p.45) 在低温下
wrk day and night 日夜工作
the trials n patients 对病人的试验
have sufficient safety data 有足够的安全数据
vlunteer t d sth 志愿做某事
a key part f ……关键的部分
draw n凭借;利用;动用;（时光）渐渐过去
(be)beneficial t 对……有好处
win a Nbel Prize (p.46)获得诺贝尔奖
in ne’s pinin 在某人看来
great ptential fr future advances (p.47) 未来发展潜力巨大
make gd use f 好好利用
cnduct research 进行研究
the survival rate 存活率
explain a term 解释一个术语
a wrld-changing discvery (p.48) 一个改变世界的发现
cme frm unlikely surces来自不太可能的来源
be cnsidered t be 被认为是
perfrm sme tests 进行一些测试
treat wunds 治疗伤口
catch the attentin f 引起…的注意
mass prductin大量生产；成批生产
far frm the truth 绝非真实
get sth started 开始某事
win an award (p.49) 获奖
wrk ut 想出，得到；解出；发生，进展，圆满结束；锻炼
a silk ribbn 丝带
n a strmy day 在一个暴风雨天
a deadly electric shck 致命的电击
thery f cntinental drift 大陆漂移理论
the eastern castline f Suth America 南美洲东部海岸线
fit tgether 组合在一起
put frward 提出，推荐
the driving frce 动力，驱动力，推动力
cme up (p.50) 上来；走近；被提及，被讨论；即将发生，即将到来，突然发生；上市；升起；开庭审理
take an interest in 对…感兴趣
develp skills 培养技能
take part in the wrkshp 参加讨论会
hand in 上交
a well-knwn scientist 著名的科学家
take ntes 记笔记
as brief as pssible 尽可能简洁
g ff (p.51)进行，进展；离开；对…不再喜欢，失去对…的兴趣；爆炸，开火；停止运转，（灯）灭了；变质，坏掉
amazing fun 非常有趣
In Thursday's Science Wrkshp 在周四的科学研讨会上
with great interest 怀着极大的兴趣
get a taste f 尝一尝，体味……
live in uter space 生活在外层空间
The Science Fair 科学博览会
lk like a space statin 看起来像空间站
a huge success 巨大的成功
due t 由于，因为
hld a Science Festival (p.52)举办科学节
give a lecture n 做……的讲座
mve smthly 平稳地移动，进展顺利
wrk n the atmic bmb (p.53)研究原子弹
put ne’s future at risk 置前途于危险之中
(be)invlved in 卷入，涉及，参与
put anther way 换句话说
devte neself t 致力于
t the credit f science 科学的功劳，归功于科学
lead sb t gd wrk 带领某人做好工作
an enabling pwer 促进力量
d either gd r bad 做好事或坏事
intellectual enjyment (p.54) 智力享受
again and again 一次又一次
turn ver （使）翻转，翻身；细想；移交，交托
unimagined strangeness不可思议的怪事
lead n t 引向，引起，导致
turn t 转向；翻到；求助于
in sme dubt 有点怀疑
ut f a deep and strng struggle against authrity 在与权威的激烈斗争中
in the early days f science 在科学的早期
leave rm fr dubt 给怀疑留出空间
permit sb t d sth 允许某人做某事
the fruit f freedm f thught 思想自由的果实
in different fields (p.55) 在不同领域
persnal infrmatin 个人信息
scientific research 科学研究
published wrks 已出版作品
the thery f evlutin by natural selectin 自然选择进化论
On the Origin f Species 论物种起源
make up ne’s mind下决心
the Nbel Prize in Physilgy r Medicine (p.56) 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖
be awarded t sb 授奖给某人
【课堂检测】
1．The army rganized teams t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the deadly (deadly).
2．They (survival) fr fur hurs in the freezing water befre they were finally rescued.
3．He returned with the (intend) f spending New Year with his family.
4．Please dn't include cvers. A list f (refer) must be included.
5．In my pinin, we shuld (limited) ur expense t what we can affrd.
6．He recmmended that she d sme research and talk t dentists abut what a healthier candy wuld cntainer (cntainer).
7．Over the past ten years, ur cuntry has made admirable achievements in space explratin(explre).
8．Hw can we imprve medical care t (beneficial) peple？In ther wrds, hw can we create a healthcare system that helps peple?
9．There's a (sufficient) f drama in these lives t sustain yur interest.
10．The game has already been (pstpne) three times.
My mther’s dream was t becme a teacher, but it was interrupted（中断）by an unexpected child: her wn. 31 my mther left the fields f 32 frmally, she did nt leave it entirely.
On the first day f kindergarten（幼儿园）, I 33 my lunch bx, inside f which I fund a nte frm my mther written n a 34 , saying that she lved me, that she was 35 f me and that I was the 36 kindergartener in the wrld! Because f that napkin nte I made it thrugh my first day f kindergarten and many mre schl days t 37 .
There have been many napkin ntes since the first ne. There were napkin ntes in elementary schl when I was 38 with math, telling me t “Hang in there. Yu can d it!” There were napkin ntes in high schl, 39 my basketball team was the first team in ur schl’s 40 t play in a state champinship（锦标赛）, telling me, “There is n ‘I’ in a team. Yu have gt this 41 because yu knw hw t 42 .” And there were even napkin ntes which were 43 t me in cllege, far away frm my mther’s 44 tuch. Despite（尽管）the changes f clleges, majrs, byfriends, and the ways I lked at the wrld, my mther’s encuragement, supprt and teachings 45 in years f lve and napkin ntes.
At Christmas this year, my frty-year-ld mther was 46 ging back t schl t earn her degree in teaching. I als gave her favrite fds. 47 she pened up her “Yu can d it!” napkin nte 48 me, tears began running dwn her face. When her eyes met mine, I knew that she 49 my unspken message: My mther is, and has always been, a(n) 50 .
31. A. After B. If C. Thugh D. Since
32. A. art B. science C. educatin D. farm
33. A. carried B. pened C. mved D. clsed
34. A. twel B. paper C. napkin D. clth
35. A. fnd B. afraid C. wrried D. prud
36. A. best B. wrst C. luckiest D. richest
37. A. arrive B. begin C. spend D. fllw
38. A. Satisfied B. struggling C. armed D. wrking
39. A. when B. after C. befre D. until
40. A. culture B. histry C. system D. playgrund
41. A. far B. high C. much D. fast
42. A. perfrm B. act C. share D. cmpete
43. A. explained B. handed C. said D. sent
44. A. mental B. scial C. physical D. natural
45. A. ended B. repeated C. frgt D. appeared
46. A. actually B. suddenly C. hardly D. finally
47. A. As B. Befre C. Althugh D. Because
48. A. f B. t C. with D. frm
49. A. understd B. accepted C. gt D. received
50. A. parent B. teacher C. wrker D. Studen
31.【参考答案】C
【思路解析】 1.根据left the fields f frmally, she did nt leave it entirely.可知主从句之间为让步关系。
32.【参考答案】C
【思路解析】题意可知 尽管母亲形式上离开了教育领域，但她并没有完全离开它。
33.【参考答案】B
【思路解析】只有打开午餐盒才能发现里面的纸条。
34.【参考答案】C
【思路解析】由下文可知根据下文Because f that napkin nte和第三段中的There have been many napkin ntes等提示可知
35.【参考答案】D
【思路解析】前面说she lved me，所以此空的形容词在意义上应该是褒义的。妈妈说她很爱我，对我感到很自豪。
36.【参考答案】A
【思路解析】母亲认为“我是世界上幼儿园里最好的孩子”。
37【参考答案】D
【思路解析】days t fllw相当于fllwing days即“接下来的学校时光”。
38.【参考答案】B
【思路解析】根据下文母亲的鼓励Hang in there. Yu can d it!坚持下去，你会做得很好！可以看出当时作者学习数学有困难。struggle with sth.表示"努力做某事"
【参考答案】A
【思路解析】根据第八空前when可知此处应用when，表示作者回忆在小学、高中时母亲给她写的便条。
【参考答案】B
【思路解析】我所在的校篮球队有机会参加州篮球锦标赛，创造了我校的历史，妈妈告诉我打比赛更要有团队合作精神。
41.【参考答案】A
【思路解析】Yu have gt this far意为"你已经走到这一步"。
42.【参考答案】C
【思路解析】根据上文母亲的鼓励There is n "I" in a team, 可知，此处应为:share分享。
43.【参考答案】D
【思路解析】此处指我上大学后，妈妈将便条寄给了我。
44.【参考答案】C
【思路解析】我离开家上了大学，距离太远，妈妈无法将便条当面给我，只好寄给我。
此处的physical tuch“身体接触”。
45.【参考答案】B
【思路解析】根据第三段中的There have been many napkin ntes since等可知母亲的鼓励、支持和教诲，反反复复，在爱的岁月里和餐巾短笺中，伴随作者成长 。
46.【参考答案】D
【思路解析】40岁的妈妈最后决定要回到学校拿学位。
47.【参考答案】A
【思路解析】as表示随着一件事情的发生，另一件事情也跟着发生，符合当母亲看到作者的小纸条感动得哭起来这样一个情景。
48.【参考答案】D
【思路解析】 根据 tears began running dwn her face. When her eyes met mine⋅⋅⋅可知便条当然是我写给她的。frm表出处。
49.【参考答案】A
【思路解析】母亲理解了作者没有讲明的话语信息。
50.【参考答案】B
【思路解析】根据母亲对作者的鼓励和最后一段中的ging back t schl t earn her degree in teaching可知。
【要点回顾】
课堂错题收集
学霸笔记本：教师引导学生借助知识脑图总结重难点，培养学生复习习惯
【温故知新】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Gratitude is nt nly an art perfrmed in daily life, but als part f ur traditinal virtue. Has yur mther r friend tld yu that yu're an ungrateful persn? D yu feel unable t appreciate the wrld r peple arund yu? Are yu bsessed with things yu dn't have instead f being thankful fr what yu d have? 36 then yu will definitely need t wrk n being a mre grateful persn.
Shwing gratitude has been put frward in the last few decades. 37 But there are still sme tips that help make it pssible fr yu t practice gratitude.
Refusing t play the victim is the first step yu're suppsed t take. 38 If yu want t be grateful, stp cmplaining t the wrld, yur teachers, yur friends and yur family abut nt putting themselves in yur shes, and fcus n hw much they've helped and cared abut yu.
Vlunteering in yur cmmunity is anther effective way t shw hw grateful yu are fr what the wrld has given yu. Whether yu're helping clean up a lcal park，wrking in a sup kitchen，r teaching children r adults in yur cmmunity t learn t read, yur perspective twards life will change psitively. ____39____
40 Yu shuldn't always be gd nly t yur clse friends r family members. Yu can help a neighbr lk fr a lst dg. Yu can als help an ld lady carry her grceries. Yu dn’t have t search fr these pprtunities purpsely. Smetimes they will present themselves. S when they cme, act with genersity. Yu'll be mre grateful fr yur rle played in the wrld.
A.Hwever hard yu try t avid these questins,
B. If yu find yurself invlved in ne f these circumstances,
C. Gradually, yu'll be mre grateful fr the chances t repay the sciety.
D. Ding a randm act f kindness is als a great way f practicing gratitude.
E. While such encuragement is mrally meaningful, it seems t be a little abstract.
F. Ungrateful persns are always blaming the wrld fr the prblems and wing all the faults t thers.
G. When yu reflect n yur thughts, feelings, emtins and actins, yu are actually reflecting n yur values.
36-40BEFCD
完形填空
It was the first day I was able t get ut f bed since getting my heart shattered (难过的). I decided t have a 41 , trying t start feeling human again.
When my hairdresser asked hw I had been, I wanted t say “fine” because that’s what yu’re 42 t d when yu make small talk. 43 I even realized what was happening, tears started rlling dwn my cheeks.
44 missing a beat, this wman wh 45 knew me gathered me in her arms and 46 me as I cried.
She said, “I can feel all yur pain and it’s 47 .”
I had been feeling s 48 sad and hpeless fr days. When peple we pen ur hearts and suls t 49 us, we lse faith.
I was 50 that I culdn’t hld myself tgether fr a simple haircut. I felt like my tears were admitting my 51 . I had lst a friend, and lst a hme.
But this stranger tk care f me in a way that I 52 . I pened up t smene I hardly knew, and just let all my hurt pur ut int her arms, and she did the same. We 53 tgether.
In just that mment, my 54 clsed just a bit mre, and it reminded that there were truly 55 peple in this wrld. I began t understand that I was nt alne.
41. A. meal B. haircutC. bathD. trip
42. A. suppsed B. askedC. allwedD. taught
43. A. SinceB. ThughC. UnlessD. Befre
44. A. UpnB. WithutC. BeyndD. After
45. A. ttallyB. slightlyC. hardlyD. actually
46. A. fllwed B. cntrlledC. heldD. left
47. A. heartbreaking B. satisfyingC. surprisingD. interesting
48. A. strangely B. reasnablyC. suddenlyD. terribly
49. A. hurtB. changeC. frightenD. fl
50. A. disappintedB. embarrassed C. discuragedD. cnfused
51. A. regretB. illnessC. pressureD. failure
52. A. required B. agreedC. neededD. hated
53. A. struggled B. criedC. fughtD. decided
54. A. pityB. muthC. hpeD. wund
55. A. smartB. richC. gdD. prfessinal
41-45BADBC 46-50CADAB 51-55DCBDC
【康奈尔笔记法——5R笔记法】
5R笔记法，又叫做康奈尔笔记法，是用产生这种笔记法的大学校名命名的。这一方法几乎适用于一切讲授或阅读课，特别是对于听课笔记，5R笔记法应是最佳首选。这种方法是记与学，思考与运用相结合的有效方法。
1.记录（Recrd）
在听讲或阅读过程中，在记录栏（有称为主栏，及最大的一个区域）内尽量多记有意义的论据、概念等讲课内容。
2.简化（Reduce）
下课以后，尽可能及早将这些论据、概念简明扼要地概括（简化）在回忆栏，即副栏。
3.背诵（Recite）
把主栏遮住，只用回忆栏中的摘记提示，尽量完满地叙述课堂上讲过的内容。
4.思考（Reflect）
将自己的听课随感、意见、经验体会之类的内容，与讲课内容区分开，写在卡片或笔记本的某一单独部分，加上标题和索引，编制成提纲、摘要，分成类目。并随时归档。
5.复习（Review）
每周花十分钟左右时间，快速复习笔记，主要是先看回忆栏，适当看主栏，并在复习栏绘制这部分内容的知识思维导图。
康奈尔Crnell笔记法使用说明
记忆栏：2.简化（Reduce）3.背诵（Recite）
在这里学习内容的简化：解法提炼、学习提示
记忆栏：1.记录（Recrd）在这里记录课堂笔记：用简洁的文字、符号、记号记录课堂要点
复习栏：4.思考（Reflect）5.复习（Review）在这里用思维导图形式总结本节课的重难点
康奈尔Crnell笔记法使用说明
记忆栏：
记忆栏：
复习栏：
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