高考英语倒装结构考点归纳（15张PPT）

这是一份高考英语倒装结构考点归纳（15张PPT），共15页。PPT课件主要包含了倒装有两种情况， ， 等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1. 部分倒装 (主语和助动词倒置)
为什么要使用倒装结构？
2. 全部倒装 (主语和谓语完全倒置)
一是为了句子意义的需要；
二是为了语法结构的需要
一、为了句子意义的需要 也就是为了强调句子的某一内容，并使上下文衔接紧密；或为了保持句子平衡。常见有下列情况:
1、句子谓语是g，cme，run 等表示位置的动词和be动词，句中又有表示方位的副词(如there，here，up，dwn，ut，in，away等)，为了强调该副词，可将其放于句首，而将谓语动词全部置于主语之前。如:
Here cmes the train t Beijing. 去北京的火车来了。 There ges the bell. 铃响了。 Dwn came the rain. 下雨了。
但主语是人称代词时，主语仍置于动词之前。如: Away he cmes. 他来了。 Here it cmes. 它来了。
2、为了强调句中的状语或表语，为了保持句子平衡或上下文衔接紧密，可将状语或表语置于句首，句中主语和谓语完全倒装。如: At the frnt f the hall sat the headmaster. (The headmaster sat at the frnt f the hall.) 校长坐在大厅的前部。 In this paragraph can be fund an answer. (An answer can be fund in this paragraph.) 在这段里能找到答案。
3、为了强调nly及其所修饰的状语(通常是副词、介词短语或从句)，则将它们移到句首，句中的主谓作部分倒装。如: Only then did we realize that the man was blind. 直到那时我们才发现那个人是盲人。 Only when the war was ver in 1918 was he able t get happily back t wrk. 直到1918年战争结束后，他才得以愉快地重返工作岗位。
4、将含有否定意义的副词(never，seldm，nt，little，hardly等)置于句首以示强调时，句中的主谓作部分倒装。如:
Seldm in my life have I met s determined a persn.一生中我很少见到如此果断的人。
5、为了强调“nt a+名词”或“nt a single+名词”结构，将其置于句首时，句中的主谓作部分倒装。如:
Nt a wrd did he say at the last meeting.在上次会议上他一句话都没说。
6、Hardly…when，N sner…than，Scarcely…when, nt nly…but als引导两个分句时，将前一个分句中的主谓作部分倒装，后一个分句中的主谓语序不变。如:
Hardly had he begun t speak when his father stpped him.他刚开口发言就被父亲制止了。　 N sner had I left my huse than it began t rain.我刚刚离开家就下雨了。Hardly / Scarcely had she fallen asleep when a knck at the dr awakened her.N sner had he arrived there than he fell ill.
但 neither / nt…nr 引导两个分句时，这两个分句中的主谓均要倒装。如:
Neither d I knw her address，nr des he.我不知道她的地址，他也不知道.Nt culd the patient eat，nr culd he drink.那个病人既不能吃，也不能喝。
7、在“s+形容词…that分句”结构中，如将“s+形容词”置于句首以示强调时，其后的系动词be则要移到主语前面，形成主谓的完全倒装。如: 
S mved was she that she culd nt say a wrd. (She was s mved that she culd nt say a wrd.)　　她激动得一句话也说不出来。
在“s+副词…that分句”结构中，如将“s+副词”置于句首以示强调时，其后的主谓作部分倒装。如:
S ludly did he speak that even the peple in the next rm culd hear him. 他的声音那么大，连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。　S fast des light travel that it is difficult fr us t imagine its speed. 光速如此之快，我们很难想象。
由于语法结构的需要使用倒装的情况常见于下列句型:
1、“S + 助动词 + 主语” 是一种常用于对前面所说的情况作简短回答的句型。如: I was late and s was she. 我迟到了，她也迟到了。 They lve making lts f friends, s d thse with disabilities. 他们喜欢广交朋友，残疾人也一样。
2、“Neither / Nr + 助动词 + 主语” 是用于对前面所说的否定内容表示同样看法的句型。如： She wn’t g. Neither / Nr will I.她不走，我也不。 I cannt swim. Neither can he (swim).我不会游泳，他也不会。
3、当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had，were或shuld等时，如将if省略，则要将had，were或shuld等移到主语前，作部分或完全倒装。
Had yu cme yesterday，yu wuld have seen him. (If yu had cme yesterday, yu wuld have seen him.) 若你昨天来，你就会见到他了。
4、表示存在的句型“There be + 主语”也属于倒装句之列。如:
There are three chairs，a desk and a cmputer in the rm.
倒装结构随堂练：
1. ____ smking, he wuld nt have gt cancer in the lung. A. Was he given up B. Had he given up C. Did he give up D. If he gave up2.S funny ______that everyne burst int laughing. A. she lked B. was she lking C. did she lk D. had she lked3.Nt nce in these years ____ the prices f these prducts. A. we changed B. have we changed C. did we change D. we have changed
4. “Why can’t I smke? “At n time ______ in the meeting-rm.” A. des smking is permitted B. is smking permitted C. smking is permitted D. permits smking5.In such a hurry ______ his ffice that he frgt t lck the dr. A. did he leave B. he left C. he had left D. has he left6.Only after _____ reached eighteen ______ jin the army. A. have yu ; yu can B. have yu ; can yu C. yu have ; yu can D. yu have ; can yu
7.Nwhere else in the wrld ______ mre friendly peple than in China. A. yu will find B. can yu be able t find C. yu may have fund D. can yu find8.Nt until 1998 ______ back t his hmetwn. A. came he B. that he came C. did he cme D. that he did cme9.Hardly ______ when it started raining. A. the game had begun B. the game began C. did the game begin D. had the game begun
10.S little ______ agree n the plan that they culd nt settle the differences. A. did they B. d they C. they did D. they did nt11.Only after I read the text ver again ____ its main idea. A. that I knew B. did I knw C. I culd knw D. I did knw12.Little ______ when I tk the trip where it wuld lead me. A. have I knwn B. had I knwn C. d I knw D. did I knw