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2022届重庆市西南大学附属中学高三上学期第四次月考英语试题含解析
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这是一份2022届重庆市西南大学附属中学高三上学期第四次月考英语试题含解析，共27页。试卷主要包含了 考试结束后，将答题卡交回等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022届重庆市西南大学附属中学高三上学期第四次月考
英语试题
（满分：150 分；考试时间： 120 分钟）
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、班级、考场/座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 答选择题时， 必须使用 2B 铅笔填涂；答非选择题时， 必须使用 0.5 毫米的黑色签字笔书写； 必须在题号对应的答题区域内作答， 超出答题区域书写无效；保持答卷清洁、完整。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回（试题卷自行保管，以备评讲）。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳 选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后， 你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读 下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will Jane do this Friday?
A. Go out of town. B. Watch her sister’s dog. C.Have dinner with her classmates.
2. How long will the man stay if his wife comes?
A. 4 nights. B. 6 nights. C. 8 nights.
3. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At the border. B. At the airport. C. At a travel agency.
4. What time will the meeting begin?
A. At 11:00 am. B. At 1:00 pm. C. At 3:00 pm.
5. What language does Mr. Black speak best?
A. Chinese. B. French. C. Spanish.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
请听下面 5 段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个 选项中选出最佳选项， 并标注在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前， 你将有时间阅读各个 小题， 每小题 5 秒钟。听完后，每小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间， 每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答 6、7 题。
6. What does the woman’s backpack look like?
A. It is made of leather. B. There is a pattern on it. C. A handkerchief is tied to it.
7. How does the woman probably feel in the end?
A. Disappointed. B. Relieved. C. Worried.
听下面一段对话，回答 8 至 10 题。
8. What is John doing?
A. Doing a fun project. B. Emptying the cupboard. C. Donating unwanted things.
9. What is “freecycling”?
A. A way of recycling. B. A kind of old junk. C. A travel website.
10. What does John want now?
A. A gorilla arm. B. A microphone. C. A bicycle.
听下面一段对话，回答 11 至 13 题。
11. How did Helen contact the company?
A. By email. B. By phone. C. By letter.
12. What is the duty of the job in the ad?
A. To look after children. B. To work for a newspaper. C.To serve in a phone company.
13. On what conditions would Helen accept the job?
A The place is fun. B. The pay is good. C. The work is easy.
听下面一段对话，回答 14 至 16 题。
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Father and daughter. C. Teacher and student.
15. What is Mr. Jones’ suggestion?
A. Forming good habits.
B. Canceling the research project.
C. Saving all the work for the final week.
16. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The research paper.
B. The changes to the schedule.
C. The plans for the end of the term.
听下面一段独白，回答 17 至 20 题。
17. Who is the speaker talking to?
A Shop customers. B. Cafe employees. C. House agents.
18. Why does the speaker give the talk?
A. To tell the listeners the move of the cafe.
B. To announce the opening of a new shop.
C. To apologize for the wrong decisions.
19. When is a new place expected to be found?
A. By September. B. By November. C. By December.
20. What is the speaker’s attitude toward the matter in general?
A. Positive. B.Nervous. C. Confused.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 和 D 四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将 该项涂黑。
A
For people who struggle to read text, technology can be a lifeline. Actually, assistive technology (AT) tools for reading can also be useful to students who just need some extra assistance to aid reading fluency or comprehension. These tools are inexpensive and easy to find. They open up the wonderful world of reading, making text accessible to students of all abilities. But with so many tools out there, it’s not always easy to know which ones to use.
To help, here’s a guide to some best ones.
Graphic organizers
They are visual representations, like diagrams and mind maps, of ideas and concepts. You can use graphic organizers to help with comprehension while reading. Graphic organizers can be digital or pen and paper.
Annotation aids
They let you take notes and write comments while reading. This can make it easier to keep information. Annotation aids can be part of software or apps, or they can be traditional pens, markers, and sticky notes.
Display control
It allows you to control how text is displayed. When reading on a screen, you can change the font(字体), font size, and spacing of text. You can also cover parts of the screen to lessen distractions(干扰) while reading.
Text-to-speech (TTS)
It lets you see text and hear it read aloud at the same time. To use this tool, you click on words, and you’ll hear the words read by computer-generated voices. You can even read after it and record your own voice. TTS can also be used to change any digital text files into audio files.
Optical character recognition (OCR)
It can read aloud text from images and pictures. You can use OCR by taking photos of worksheets, paper documents, and even objects like street signs. Like TTS, OCR uses computer-generated voices.
Keep in mind that using AT reading tools won’t prevent people from learning to read. For example, experts say audiobooks can actually help kids become better readers.
1. If a reader prefers taking his feelings down while reading, he’d better use ________.
A. graphic organizers B. annotation aids
C. display control D. text-to-speech
2. What feature makes OCR unique?
A. Changing file types. B. Editing photos of documents.
C. Reading words in pictures. D. Using computer-generated voices.
3. According to the author, AT reading tools are ________.
A. accessible and beneficial B. expensive but worthwhile
C. helpful and energy-efficient D. innovative but complicated
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几种最好的阅读辅助技术工具。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Annotation aids部分第一句“They let you take notes and write comments while reading.”（它们让你在阅读时记笔记和写评论。）可知，如果一名读者喜欢在阅读时写下他的感受，他最好使用annotation aids。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Optical character recognition (OCR)部分第一句“It can read aloud text from images and pictures.”（它可以从图像和图片中大声朗读文本。）可知，阅读图片中的单词让OCR很独特。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第二句和第三句“Actually, assistive technology (AT) tools for reading can also be useful to students who just need some extra assistance to aid reading fluency or comprehension. These tools are inexpensive and easy to find. ”（实际上，阅读辅助技术工具对于那些只是需要一些额外帮助来帮助阅读流畅性或理解的学生也很有用。这些工具不贵，很容易找到。）可知，阅读辅助技术工具是可获得的并且是有益的。故选A。
B
Louise Mallard has heart trouble, so she must be informed carefully about her husband's death. Louise's husband's friend, Richards, learned about a railroad disaster when he was in the newspaper office and saw Louise's husband, Brently, on the list of those killed. Louise begins sobbing when Josephine, her sister, tells her of Brently's death and goes upstairs to be alone in her room.
Louise sits down and looks out of an open window. She sees trees, smells approaching rain, and hears a peddler yelling out what he's selling. She hears someone singing as well as the sounds of sparrows, and there are white clouds in the sky. She is young, with lines around her eyes. Still crying, she gazes into the distance. She feels sad and tries to hold down the building emotions within her, but can't. She begins repeating the word "Free" to herself over and over again. Her heart beats quickly, and she feels very warm.
Louise knows she'll cry again when she sees Brently's body. His hands were tender, and he always looked at her lovingly. But then she imagines the years ahead, which belong only to her now, and spreads her arms out joyfully with anticipation. She will be free, on her own without anyone to oppress her. She thinks that all women and men oppress one another even if they do it out of kindness. Louise knows that she often felt love for Brently but tells herself that none of that matters anymore. She feels thrilled with her newfound sense of independence.
Josephine comes to her door, begging Louise to come out, warning her that she'll get sick if she doesn't. Louise tells her to go away. She imagines all the days and years ahead and hopes that she lives a long life. Then she opens the door, and she and Josephine start walking down the stairs, where Richards is waiting.
The front door unexpectedly opens, and Brently comes in. He hadn't been in the train accident or even aware that one had happened. Josephine screams, and Richards tries unsuccessfully to block Louise from seeing him. Doctors arrive and announce that Louise died of a heart attack brought on by happiness.
4. How did Louise learn about Brently's death?
A. She saw it in the news. B. Richards informed her.
C. She found out through Josephine. D. The railroad company notified her.
5. Which words can describe Louise after she heard the news?
A. Excited and happy. B. Sad but relieved. C. Desperate and lonely. D. Joyful but terrified.
6. What does the underlined word “oppressed” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Fight. B. Suspect. C. Control. D. Fool.
7. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Brently played a trick on Louise on purpose.
B. The train accident caused Louise's heart attack.
C. Josephine's scream resulted in Louise's sudden death.
D. Brently's survival was the last thing Louise had expected.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述Louise得知自己的丈夫Brently死讯后感到很悲伤，但是同时又感到轻松释怀，最后她接受了丈夫的死亡，甚至开始庆幸自己从此获得自由，却没有想到看到丈夫从门外进来，结果Louise心脏病发而亡。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段里面的“Louise begins sobbing when Josephine, her sister, tells her of Brently's death and goes upstairs to be alone in her room. (当Louise的姐姐告诉她丈夫Brently的死讯时，她开始哭泣然后上楼把自己一个人关在房间里)”可知，Louise是通过Josephine知道了丈夫的死讯。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段里面的“Still crying, she gazes into the distance. She feels sad and tries to hold down the building emotions within her, but can't. (她一边哭泣一边凝视着远方她。她很难过，想试图控制自己内心的情绪，但是没成功)”和第三段“She feels thrilled with her newfound sense of independence.(她对自己新获得的独立感到兴奋)”可知，她感觉到悲伤，但是同时又轻松释怀。故选B。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“She will be free, on her own without anyone to oppress her.(她将会变得自由，独立，没有人oppress她)”可知，oppress此处的意思为管控。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“She feels thrilled with her newfound sense of independence.(她对自己新获得的独立感到兴奋)”以及最后一段第一句“The front door unexpectedly opens, and Brently comes in.(前门突然开了，Brently走了进来)”可知，此时Louise已经接受了丈夫的死亡，甚至开始庆幸自己从此获得自由，却没想到看到丈夫从门外进来，所以Brently活着回家是她没有想到的。故选D。
C
Whether hunting or competing for limited space and resources, humans are the planet’s super predator (捕食者). As the human population expands, it’s getting harder for other creatures to find somewhere to hide during the day. Now new findings indicate animals around the world have come up with another strategy: They are becoming nocturnal (夜间活动的).
In a paper published in Science, researchers analyzed 76 previous scientific studies about human impact on animal activity. They compared animals’ activity during the day and night in areas of high human disturbance (from hunting or farming to hiking and other outdoor recreation) and low human disturbance (relatively natural conditions). The analysis showed animals are becoming an average of 1.36 times more nocturnal due to high human disturbance.
For example, in Poland wild boars go from 48% nocturnal in natural forests to 90% nocturnal in urban areas. Even activities people consider relatively innocuous, such as hiking and wildlife viewing, strongly affected animals’ daily rhythms. “We think that we’re leaving no trace often when we’re outdoors, but we can be having lasting consequences on animal behavior,” says Kaitlyn Gaynor, lead researcher for the study.
This is not the first time animals have had to live at night; during the time of dinosaurs, they were also nocturnal. “Dinosaurs were this ubiquitous (无处不在的), scary force, and only after their extinction did mammals (哺乳动物) emerge into the daylight,” Gaynor says. “And now humans have taken over and are pushing other animals back into the night.”
Scientists suspect becoming nocturnal may hurt those species highly adapted to the sun. They might not be able to live well at night, which would ultimately hurt their chances of survival and reproduction. Perhaps even more alarming effects could be in the wider ecosystem. In California’s Santa Cruz Mountains, coyotes have been more nocturnal in response to hikers and have started to alter their diets from daytime prey, such as squirrels and birds, to nocturnal prey, such as rats and rabbits.
Exactly how ecological communities will change, and whether it will be for better or worse, requires further study. Some nighttime shifts may benefit both animals and humans, Gaynor notes. For instance, tigers in Nepal are avoiding potentially deadly conflicts with people as they become more nocturnal.
Studies like this one will eventually help conservation managers make better decisions about how to protect ecosystems. “We’ll need to understand local dynamics to really understand how we should be changing management of wildlife populations or human activities,” Gaynor notes, “One potential approach might be to manage the timing of human activities so that we leave some of the daylight for other animals.”
8. How do animals respond to increasing human disturbance?
A. By limiting food intake. B. By leaving their habitat.
C. By controlling population. D. By adjusting daily routine.
9 What does the underlined word “innocuous” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Harmless. B. Recreational. C. Organized. D. Irregular.
10. Why does the author mention dinosaurs?
A. To highlight the importance of daylight. B. To indicate the domination of humans.
C. To illustrate mammals’ adaptability. D. To demonstrate dinosaurs’ power.
11. What can we learn about animals’ becoming nocturnal?
A. It has led to a new ecological balance. B. It demands more conservation areas.
C. It may encourage bio-diversity. D. It might be double-edged.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。随着人类人口的增长，其他生物在白天更难找到藏身之处。现在，新的发现表明，世界各地的动物想出了另一种策略：它们正变成夜行动物。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The analysis showed animals are becoming an average of 1.36 times more nocturnal due to high human disturbance.”（分析显示，由于人类的干扰，动物的夜间活动平均增加了1.36倍。）可知，动物们通过调整日常作息来应对日益增加的人类干扰。故选D。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段第三句“We think that we’re leaving no trace often when we’re outdoors, but we can be having lasting consequences on animal behavior”（我们认为我们在户外时通常不会留下任何痕迹，但我们可能会对动物行为产生持久的影响）可知，划线部分所在句子“Even activities people consider relatively innocuous, such as hiking and wildlife viewing, strongly affected animals’ daily rhythms.”即使是我们认为相对没有害处的活动也会极大地影响动物的日常节奏。所以innocuous意为“无害的”，与harmless同义。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Dinosaurs were this ubiquitous(无处不在的), scary force, and only after their extinction did mammals(哺乳动物) emerge into the daylight”（恐龙是如此无处不在，令人恐惧的力量，只有在它们灭绝后，哺乳动物才会出现在阳光下）和第三句“And now humans have taken over and are pushing other animals back into the night.”（现在人类取代了恐龙，把其它动物们赶回黑夜。）可推知，作者提到恐龙是为了表明人类的统治。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“Scientists suspect becoming nocturnal may hurt those species highly adapted to the sun.”（科学家怀疑，夜间活动可能会伤害那些高度适应阳光的物种。）和第六段第二句“Some nighttime shifts may benefit both animals and humans”（一些夜间转变可能对动物和人类都有利）可知，动物变成夜间活动对动物和人类既有好处又有坏处，所以是一把双刃剑。故选D。
D
China's historic 23-day Chang'e 5 mission has not only obtained precious rock and soil samples from the moon, but has also brought back a group of seeds that traveled the furthest in the nation's agricultural and forestry histories. More than 30 kinds of seeds, including that of rice, oats etc., were placed inside the multi-module Chang'e 5 spacecraft and orbited around the moon for about 15 days.
Scientists wished to check what would happen to the seeds after being exposed to extraterrestrial (地外的) forces in lunar orbit and also hoped that they could develop beneficial mutations (突变). This mission offered good opportunities to scientists, which enabled them to deepen their studies on the effect of cosmic rays on the growth and evolution of life on Earth.
Space-based mutation breeding refers to the process of exposing seeds to forces such as microgravity, vacuums and cosmic radiation during a spaceflight and then sending them back to Earth for further observation and planting. Researchers observe and examine several generations of plants grown from space-bred seeds and investigate their mutations-some are positive and desirable while others are negative. Those with positive mutations will be kept and analyzed, and will be introduced to farmers after their certification and approval.
Space breeding can generate mutations faster and more conveniently than ground-based experiments and can bring about some desirable traits that are otherwise hard to introduce. Compared with natural or conventionally bred types of plants, space-developed versions with positive mutations usually feature higher nutritional content, greater annual yields, shorter growth periods and better resistance to diseases and insect pests.
China conducted its first space breeding experiment in 1987, using a satellite to carry seeds into space. Since then, hundreds of kinds of seeds and seedlings have traveled with dozens of Chinese spaceships. Space breeding has helped to produce more than 200 new types of mutated plants in China that have been approved for large-scale cultivation, ranging from grains to vegetables and fruits. The Chang'e 5 robotic mission returned 1,731 grams of lunar rock and soil to Earth, marking a historic accomplishment 44 years after the last lunar substances were taken back.
12. Why were the seeds placed inside Chang'e 5?
A. To pick out the fittest for mutations. B. To understand extraterrestrial forces.
C. To study the intensity of cosmic rays. D. To expose them to a special environment.
13. What do we know about space-based mutation breeding?
A. It is not a time-consuming process. B. Mutations develop in a random way.
C. It often brings about desirable effects. D. Approval will be granted to mutated plants.
14. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. It is a custom to put seedlings on a spacecraft.
B. China was the first to do a space breeding experiment.
C. It is some time since seeds were last taken into space.
D. Space breeding has brought us commercial benefits.
15. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Space-bred Seeds Offer Great Chances B. Chang'e 5 Returns with a Big Package
C. Plant Mutations Result in a Better Life D. Seeds from Space Mark a New History
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. D 15. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。包括大米、燕麦等在内的30多种种子被放置在多舱“嫦娥五号”飞船内，绕月飞行了约15天。这些种子都进行了太空育种。文章对太空育种的概念、优势和收益进行了介绍。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Scientists wished to check what would happen to the seeds after being exposed to extraterrestrial (地外的) forces in lunar orbit and also hoped that they could develop beneficial mutations (突变).”（科学家们希望检查这些种子在月球轨道上受到外星力量的影响后会发生什么，也希望它们能发展出有益的突变。）可知，种子被放在嫦娥五号里是为了让它们暴露在特殊环境下。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Researchers observe and examine several generations of plants grown from space-bred seeds and investigate their mutations-some are positive and desirable while others are negative.”（研究人员观察和检查了几代由太空培育的种子长成的植物，并调查了它们的突变——一些是积极和可取的，而另一些是消极的。）可知，突变是以随机的方式发生的。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“Space breeding has helped to produce more than 200 new types of mutated plants in China that have been approved for large-scale cultivation, ranging from grains to vegetables and fruits.”（太空育种已帮助中国培育出200多种新的突变植物，这些植物已获准进行大规模种植，从谷物到蔬菜和水果。）可知，太空培育给我们带来了商业利益。故选D。
【15题详解】
标题判断题。文章主要讲了太空育种给人类带来了很多好处，相比来说有更多优势，所以选项A（太空培育的种子提供了巨大的机遇）是最好的标题。选项B没有提到太空育种，选项C没有提到太空，选项D混淆了概念，不是来自太空的种子，而是从地球带到太空发生突变再带回地球的种子，所以选项B、选项C和选项D都不是合适的标题。故选A。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What Are the Roots of Your Self-Esteem?
Self-esteem is a person's subjective assessment of his or her worth to himself or herself. Self- esteem covers various beliefs about oneself (such as 'Tm a failure" and "I'm beautiful") as well as physiological states, including sadness, joy, and shame. The more we believe that we are worthy of happiness and good things in life, the more self-fulfilled we will be. When we don't believe that we are worthy of these things, our ability to enjoy them can suffer. ____16____
Healthy self-esteem as an adult can be a gift given in your childhood. It is a blessing that most people overlook. There are so many ways adults with high self-esteem were supported as children that resulted in them having high self-esteem. For instance, they were praised for what they had achieved.
____17____They likely experienced affection and were given enough attention. It is also possible that they excelled in studies or in sports and were admired for it by peers.
____18____As children, many of these people were criticized, yelled at, or abused in one way or another. There is also a high chance that they were given no attention by the adults who were supposed to care for them. In some cases, adults with poor self-esteem were often ridiculed for their shortcomings or bullied by peers.
It is common that these adults also believe that in order to be appreciated they need to be perfect.
____19____There are people who are obsessed with their careers or hobbies because in their mind they need to tie their worthiness to something concrete. Oftentimes these people have to pretend to be something they are not just to get approval.
How you feel about yourself impacts how you live your life. People with high self-esteem tend to have better relationships than those with low self-esteem. ____20____ So if you struggle to reach out for assistance, it could be rooted in your low self-esteem.
A. There is also a good chance that they were spoken to respectfully.
B. When we start to doubt what's important in life, we tend to do less of it.
C. Since self-esteem is connected to how we perform, it is important to work on it.
D. People with poor self-esteem, on the other hand, often experienced the opposite.
E. This creates an image in their mind that without accomplishment they are worthless.
F. They face failure too, but they understand that failure or success doesn't define them.
G. High self-esteem enables you to ask for help and support from the people around you when you need it.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。自尊是一个人对自己价值的主观评价。自尊包括对自己的各种信念和生理状态。文章对高自尊和低自尊的人进行了对比和说明。
【16题详解】
根据前文“When we don't believe that we are worthy of these things, our ability to enjoy them can suffer. (当我们不相信自己值得拥有这些东西时，我们享受它们的能力就会受到伤害)”可知，此处是指当我们对人生和自己产生怀疑时，就会有不好的影响。所以选项B. When we start to doubt what's important in life, we tend to do less of it. (当我们开始怀疑生活中重要的东西，我们往往会对此做得更少)切合文意，且和前文句式相同。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据后文“They likely experienced affection and were given enough attention. It is also possible that they excelled in studies or in sports and were admired for it by peers. (他们可能经历了感情，并得到了足够关注。也有可能他们在学习或体育方面表现优异，并因此受到同龄人的崇拜)”可知，此处是指他们被怀有敬意地对待，所以选项A. There is also a good chance that they were spoken to respectfully. (也有一个很好的机会让人们向他们尊敬地说话)切合文意。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据后文“In some cases, adults with poor self-esteem were often ridiculed for their shortcomings or bullied by peers. (在某些情况下，缺乏自尊的成年人经常因为自己的缺点而被嘲笑或被同龄人欺负)”可知，此处是讲缺乏自尊的人往往不被尊重，所以选项D. People with poor self-esteem, on the other hand, often experienced the opposite. (另一方面，缺乏自尊的人所经历的往往恰恰相反)切合文意。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据前文“It is common that these adults also believe that in order to be appreciated they need to be perfect. (这些成年人也普遍认为，为了被欣赏，他们需要变得完美)”可知，选项E中的this是指人们认为为了被欣赏他们需要变得完美，根据后文“There are people who are obsessed with their careers or hobbies because in their mind they need to tie their worthiness to something concrete. (有些人痴迷于自己的事业或爱好，因为在他们的脑海中，他们需要把自己的价值与具体的东西联系起来)”可知，有些人往往把自己的价值和成就联系在一起，所以选项E. This creates an image in their mind that without accomplishment they are worthless. (这在他们的脑海中造成了一种形象，没有成就，他们是毫无价值的)切合文意。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据后文“So if you struggle to reach out for assistance, it could be rooted in your low self-esteem. (所以如果你挣扎着去寻求帮助，那可能是因为你的自卑)”可知，自尊心高的人不会纠结于是否要寻求帮助，所以选项G. High self-esteem enables you to ask for help and support from the people around you when you need it. (高自尊能让你在需要的时候向周围的人寻求帮助和支持)切合文意。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
I am currently cycling trails around Australia, and am about to cycle the Nullarbor to raise funds for MS (多发性硬化症). I have MS myself and the journey ____21____ takes time and energy, but cycling is a(n) ____22____ for me. However, while travelling, I was ____23____ to find that I had my bike stolen by a not-so-kind person.
The human kindness I have been shown since this happened has been ____24____ short of amazing. A warm-hearted lady donated me a mountain bike in case I had to ____25____ my scheduled plan. Due to MS, I am very short, which makes it almost ____26____ to find a bike in my size. Even so, my hometown ____27____ me up, managing to help buy an extra small sized bike, which I eventually found was just my ____28____.
So far, people have ____29____ to put me up, selflessly provided me with daily ____30____ for riding long distances and put money into my hands to let me go towards the cause , as they ____31____ me from a newspaper report.
My ____32____ is that there are so many kind people out there. Never can I let the unkind ____33____ of so few ruin the fact that the world consists of more kind people than unkind people. That, in itself, is ____34____. It won’t be long before I hit that long stretch of road and do my bit to ____35____ society.
21. A. hardly B. undoubtedly C. somehow. D. otherwise
22. A. challenge B. fame C. entertainment. D. competition
23. A. discouraged B. scared C. ashamed. D. amused
24. A. everything B. something C. nothing. D. anything
25. A. cancel B. continue C. make. D. update
26. A. effortless B. impossible C. shameful. D. unreasonable
27. A. brought B. dressed C. signed. D. backed
28. A. design B. mission C. order. D. type
29. A. offered B. agreed C. promised. D. hesitated
30. A. messages B. necessities C. arrangements. D. vehicles
31. A. recognize B. search C. teach. D. select
32. A. advice B. point C. purpose. D. intention
33. A. remarks B. criticisms C. excuses. D. actions
34. A. difference B. punishment C. hope. D. trust
35. A. fit in with B. give back to C. keep pace with. D. hold on to
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者自己患有多发性硬化症， 并且正在澳大利亚各地的自行车道骑行，为多发性硬化症筹集资金。旅程中作者的自行车被盗走 了，但这一不友善的行为并没有夺走作者的希 望，因为有更多的人去帮助作者完成计划。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:我自己也患有多发性硬化症，这段旅程无疑需要时间和精力，但骑行对我来说是一项娱乐。A. hardly几乎不；B. undoubtedly无疑地；C. somehow莫名奇妙地；D. otherwise否则。根据前文的“I am currently cycling trails around Australia, and am about to cycle the Nullarbor to raise funds for MS (多发性硬化症). ”可知，作者目前正在澳大利亚各地的自行车道上骑自行车，并准备骑自行车到纳拉伯为多发性硬化症筹集资金，所以这段为了募捐骑行的旅程无疑是需要花费时间和精力的。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我自己也患有多发性硬化症，这段旅程无疑需要时间和精力，但骑行对我来说是一项娱乐。A. challenge 挑战；B. fame名声；C. entertainment 娱乐； D. competition竞赛。根据空前的转折连词but可知，虽然募捐骑行的旅程需要花费时间和精力，但是骑行对我来说是一项娱乐。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 然而，在旅行时，我沮丧地发现我的自行车被一个不太善良的人偷了。A. discouraged沮丧的；B. scared害怕的；C. ashamed 羞愧的； D. amused被逗乐的。根据下文“I had my bike stolen by a not-so-kind person.”可知，作者的自行车被偷了，所以可以推断，作者感到很沮丧。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查不定代词词义辨析。句意:自从这件事发生以来，我所感受到的人类的善意简直令人惊叹。A. everything每件事； B. something一些事； C. nothing没有事； D. anything任何事。根据下文“A warm-hearted lady donated me a mountain bike”及后面内容可知，这件事发生之后，作者得到很多帮助，所以此处表示作者感受到很多善意，简直让人惊叹。nothing short of意为“无异于，简直就是”，符合语境。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位热心的女土捐赠给我一辆山地车，以防我不得不取消原定计划。A. cancel取消； B. continue继续； C. make制作；D. update更新。根据“in case”和空后的“my scheduled plan”可知，这位热心的女士捐 赠给作者一辆山地车，以防作者不得不取消原定计划。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于多发性硬化症，我很矮，所以几乎不可能找到一辆符合我尺寸的自行车。A. effortless不费力的；B. impossible不可能的；C. shameful可耻的；D. unreasonable不合理的。根据上文“I am very short”可知，作者个头 很矮，所以可以推断找到一辆符合作者尺寸的自行车很难，几乎并不可能。故选 B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我的家乡还是支持我，设法帮我买了一辆超小型自行车，我最终发现它正是我喜欢的类型。A. brought带来；B. dressed穿衣；C. signed签 名； D. backed支持。根据下文“managing to help buy an extra small sized bike”可知，作者的家乡设法为作者买了一辆特别小的自行车，所以看出他们支持作者。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我的家乡还是支持我，设法帮我买了一辆超小型自行车，我最终发现它正是我喜欢的类型。A. design设计；B. mission任务；C. order命令；D. type类型。根据下文“managing to help buy an extra small sized bike”和空前的just可知，此处指作者的家乡为了支持作者，设法买了一辆极小的自行车，正是适合作者的类型。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，有人主动提出为我提供住宿，无私地为我提供长途骑行所需的生活用品，还把钱交到我手里，让我为这项事业捐款，因为他们从报纸上认出了我。A. offered主动提供；B. agreed同意；C. promised 承诺； D. hesitated犹豫。根据下文“selflessly provided me with daily…” 可知，此段在列举人们对作者无私的帮助，所以空处应该是主动提供住宿。故选A 项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，有人主动提出为我提供住宿，无私地为我提供长途骑行所需的生活用品，还把钱交到我手里，让我为这项事业捐款，因为他们从报纸上认出了我。A. messages信息；B. necessities必需品；C. arrangements安排；D. vehicles工具。根据“daily”和空后的“for riding long distances”可知，此处指有人为作者提供生活必需品。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，有人主动提出为我提供住宿，无私地为我提供长途骑行所需的生活用品，还把钱交到我手里，让我为这项事业捐款，因为他们从报纸上认出了我。A. recognize认出；B. search寻找；C. teach教 ；D. select选择。根据下文“from a newspaper report”可知，此处应该是有人在报纸上认出作者，所以他们把钱交给作者，让作者为这项事业捐款。故选A 项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想说的是，世界上有那么多善良的人。A. advice建议；B. point要点；C. purpose目的； D. intention目的。根据下文“there are so many kind people out there”是作者的一种观点，所以此处用 point表示。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我绝不能让这少数不友善的行为毁掉这个世界上善良的人比不友善的人多的事实。A. remarks评论；B. criticisms批评；C. excuses 借口；D. actions行动。根据上文“ ruin the fact that the world consists of more kind people than unkind people. ”可知，此处指作者经历过被偷自行车这种不友好的行为，但是作者后来得到更多人的帮助，所以作者通过亲身经历告诉我们，不能让少数不友好的行为影响我们对以善意为主导的世界的认知。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本身就是希望。A. difference不同；B. punishment惩罚；C. hope 希望；D .trust信任。根据上文“ the world consists of more kind people than unkind people. ”可知，相信这个世界的善意比不友善多，这本身就能给人希望。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：不久我就会踏上那条漫漫长路，尽自己的一份力量回报社会。A .fit in with适应；B. give back to回馈； C. keep pace with保持同步；D. hold on to坚持。根据下文“do my bit to （15） society”和文章内容可知，作者在做公益的旅途中得到了很多帮助，因此此处应该指作者希望能够很快回馈社会。故选B项。
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the countdown to the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics continues, the new high-speed railway line ____36____ (connect) the capital with Olympic host city Zhangjiakou has just entered service. It cuts the travel time between the two from three hours ____37____ 47 minutes. But this isn’t just another bullet train. This beauty, which can run up to 350 kilometers per hour without a driver, has brought ____38____ is called “ the smart high-speed railway age”.
So what makes them “smart”? Well, the carriages ____39____ (equip) with 5G signals can detect any operational abnormalities with real-time data collected with sensors. Meanwhile, each individual seat has ____40____ (it) own touch-screen control panel and wireless charging docks. The trains can ____41____ (automatic) start, stop and adjust to the different speed limits when in ____42____ (operate). Back at the station, robots and facial recognition technologies can help passengers with directions, luggage and paperless check-ins.
Today, China is home to the world’s largest high-speed rail network, and the ____43____ (fast) commercially operating train—the Shanghai maglev. According to the China State Railway Group, 1,036 Fuxing bullet trains started their mission in 2017, ____44____ the series were first launched. Over the past 4 years, they ____45____ (send) over 100 million passengers across the country.
【答案】36. collecting
37. to 38. what
39. equipped
40. its 41. automatically
42. operation
43. fastest
44. when 45. have sent
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。连接首都和奥运会主办城市张家口的新高速铁路刚刚投入使用，本文介绍了该列高铁的优势，并展示了中国庞大的高速铁路网。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着2022年北京冬奥会的倒计时工作继续进行，连接首都和奥运会主办城市张家口的新高速铁路刚刚投入使用。分析句子结构可知，“_____ the capital with Olympic host city Zhangjiakou”放在line后起修饰作用，且line与connect构成逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。故填：connecting。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：它将两辆车之间的通行时间从3小时缩短到47分钟。根据句意可知，通行时间从3小时缩短到47分钟，用from…to…结构，表示“从……到……”。故填：to。
【38题详解】
考查连接词。句意：这个漂亮的列车，在没有司机的情况下，时速可达350公里，带来了所谓的“智能高铁时代”。分析句子可知，has brought后缺少宾语，构成宾语从句，从句部分缺少主语，用连接代词what引导。故填：what。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：配备5G信号的车厢可以通过传感器采集实时数据，检测任何运行异常。分析句子可知，carriages与equip构成逻辑上的被动关系，空处用过去分词作后置定语。故填：equipped。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：同时，每个座位都有自己的触摸屏控制面板和无线充电座。it为人称代词，空处作定语，用形容词性物主代词its。故填：its。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：列车在运行中可以自动启动、停止，并根据不同的限速进行调整。分析句子可知，空处缺少副词修饰动词start，stop作状语。故填：automatically。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。介词in后用名词作宾语，in operation（在运行中）固定短语。故填：operation。
【43题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：今天，中国拥有世界上最大的高速铁路网，以及商业运营速度最快的列车——上海磁悬浮列车。根据the Shanghai maglev及空格前的the可知，上海磁悬浮列车是商业运营速度最快的列车，空处用形容词最高级。故填：fastest。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：据中国国家铁路集团称，2017年，1036列复兴号子弹头列车首次发射，开始了它们的任务。观察句子可知，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词2017作从句的时间状语，用关系副词when引导。故填：when。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在过去的4年里，他们已经向全国运送了1亿多名乘客。根据Over the past 4 years可知，句子时态为现在完成时。故填：have sent。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分 15 分）
46. 假如你是李华，近日你校举办了主题为“中国传统文化之美”的校园文化节。请你写一封信，告知对此感兴趣的美国笔友 Jerry 有关文化节的相关情况。内容包括：
1.举办时间；
2. 活动内容；
3. 师生反响。
注意：
1. 词数 80 左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jerry,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jerry,
Glad to know you’re interested in the first Campus Culture Festival with the theme of “The Beauty of Chinese Traditional Culture” held last week. I’m writing to give you some relevant information.
The festival consisted of various activities, such as an ancient poetry recitation contest on Tuesday afternoon and a week-long exhibition, where hundreds of students’ traditional Chinese painting and calligraphy works were on display. Additionally, several celebrated actors were invited to perform Beijing Opera in the auditorium on Friday evening.
All the teachers and students thought highly of it and regarded it as a golden chance to gain a deeper insight into Chinese traditional culture.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国笔友 Jerry写封信，告知有关学校举办的主题为“中国传统文化之美”的校园文化节的相关情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
消息：news→information
展出：on show→on display
机会：opportunity→chance
回复：answer→reply
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Additionally, several celebrated actors were invited to perform Beijing Opera in the auditorium on Friday evening.
拓展句：Additionally, several celebrated actors were invited to perform Beijing Opera in the auditorium on Friday evening, which is known as our national quintessence.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The festival consisted of various activities, such as an ancient poetry recitation contest on Tuesday afternoon and a week-long exhibition, where hundreds of students’ traditional Chinese painting and calligraphy works were on display. (运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】All the teachers and students thought highly of it and regarded it as a golden chance to gain a deeper insight into Chinese traditional culture. (运用了非谓语动词不定式作后置定语)
第二节 读后续写（满分 25 分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文.
At the end of the class, Mr. Smith announced our assignment for the next Monday was to talk about someone we were grateful to instead of a book report. Upon hearing it, I couldn’t help complaining to Mareya that I was so nervous about having to talk in front of the whole class.
“ Arizona ,you’ve been in at least three plays ,” Mareya pointed out.“ If you don’ t get stage fright in front of those big audiences, why are you bothered by a few kids in our class ?”
It was true, but in a play you were part of a group. I shook my head. Plus, there were so many people I was grateful to. There was no way I could possibly pick just one. Plus, even if I picked one I’ d have no idea what to say. Plus, even if I figured out what to say, I was a million- percent positive I’ d mess up if I tried to say it out loud! I’ d be standing there with everyone staring at me, waiting for words to come out of my mouth.“ Oh , my goodness !” I pulled my sweatshirt hood ( 兜 帽 ) over my face, put my hands over my ears and said,“ I don’t want to talk about it !”
But one thing about really good friends who knew you really well was that they didn’ t always do exactly what you asked them to. Mareya could be pretty pushy talking of being helpful. She scribbled(潦草地写) something on a piece of paper , lifted my hood, and smiled. She’ d drawn a funny elephant (named Franky) with the word BREATHE coming out of its trunk .
“ This is Franky, the ‘everything is going to be all right’ elephant ” Mareya giggled. She held the picture up to her ear and asked, “What’ s that you say, Franky? You think my friend Arizona should come over to my house this weekend so we can work on our talks together?”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1. And that was exactly what happened.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2 .On Monday morning, however, I decided to talk about Mareya.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文1：
Paragraph 1:
And that was exactly what happened.
Arizona and I sat at the desk at the study in her house on Saturday afternoon. I asked her curiously who she would pick to talk about. “ My grandma ”. She blurted out. She told me she was grateful to her grandma, who took great pains to bring her up despite poor health. From her excited look and gentle tone, I could feel her deep gratitude and love for her grandma. I was so immersed in her talk that I didn't t notice she had finished it until she patted my shoulder. She then suggested I talk about my mum. I followed her advice as I had no other good ideas. She also helped me organize my ideas and gave me patient guidance on my gestures, emotions and eye contact when practising the presentation in her presence . She was so helpful that I got prepared for my talk very smoothly.
Paragraph 2:
On Monday morning, however, I decided to talk about Mareya.
Though it was true that there were many people I was grateful to, I thought it was Mareya that I should express my gratitude to the here and now. When my turn came, I mustered up courage and stepped onto the platform. I couldn’t help looking at Mareya and found her smiling and cheering for me. Clearing my throat, I started: “ Today , I’d like to talk about Mareya , a friend I will always be grateful to .” Hearing the words, Mareya widened her eyes and looked at me in surprise. Then I recalled good times spent with Mareya and how she managed to help me out whenever I was in trouble. Upon finishing the talk, I trotted towards Mareya and gave her a bear hug. Meanwhile, thunderous applause rang through the classroom.
例文2：
And that was exactly what happened.
Magically, I did go to Mareya’s house to work on the talks together. We discussed, finalized the draft, and rehearse the homework. But I was still unsure if I could make it in front of the whole class." Just imagine all the elephants drawn by me are those big audiences” suggested Mareya, sticking all the pictures of Franky to each chair . It did work! Never did I felt nervous. I was so grateful for the elephants that I decided to talk about Franky on Monday morning. Mareya giggled and nodded her head.
Paragraph 2:
On Monday morning, however, I decided to talk about Mareya . Obviously, there being no extra time for me to modify my draft, I stepped on the stage and delivered my speech without any draft.” Today, I’d like to talk about Mareya, she doesn’ t always do exactly what I asked her to. Plus, she doesn’ t hesitate to be helpful whenever I am in need. Plus, she doesn’ t fail to draw kinds of magical elephants to conceive me that everything is going to be all right ….” After I finished, the audience burst into thunderous applause. Not until then, did I realize who I needed to be grateful to. I threw myself to Mareya’s arms, held back my welling tears and said " Thanks , Mareya ”
例文 3:
And that was exactly what happened. Reluctantly, I inched my way into Mareya’s room. I sank into the chair, not knowing what to do. Maeya suggested that we pick _ one of the persons I appreciated first. My mind raced quickly and people’s names flooded in. I finally chose one Then Mareya encouraged me to write down what the person did moved me. Finally, with Mareya’s help, I even read it out aloud. But at night, I tossed and turned, thinking there must be something important ignored by me.
On Monday morning, however, I decided to talk about Mareya. Yes, it dawned on me that I had always ignored Mareya even though we spent so much time together. The memories that Mareya constantly encouraged and comforted me crowded into my mind. And it was also Mareya who created Franky, the lovely elephant to help me overcome my fear. I even didn’t need to write down my gratitude because the words just poured out as my eyes fell on her. After my speech, she came up to me and firmly said " That’ s what friends do !”
【解析】
【分析】本文是人物为线索展开，讲述了作者因为老师布置的作业而发愁，因为老师让他们周末在家写一篇他/她要感谢的人的文章，并且周一在班里和大家分享。而作者害怕在全班同学目前演讲，所以就找她的好朋友Mareya抱怨，Mareya就想办法帮助她克服这个心理障碍。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“这就是发生的准确事情。”可知，第一段可描写作者到Mareya的家，Mareya帮助她如何写那篇文章的事情。
②由第二段首句内容“然而，周一早上的时候，我还是觉得说说Mareya。”可知，第二段可描写作者为什么要说Mareya是她很感谢的人。
2.续写线索：作者到Mareya的家——Mareya教给她如何写要感谢的人——Mareya让作者写她的妈妈——作者决定写Mareya是她感谢的人——回忆Mareya对她的帮助——两个人都很高兴——演讲很成功
3.词汇激活
行为类
①准备：get prepared for/make preparations for
②鼓起勇气：muster up courage/get one’s courage up
情绪类
①好奇：curiously/with curiosity
②感激：be grateful to/ express my gratitude to
【点睛】[高分句型1]She told me she was grateful to her grandma, who took great pains to bring her up despite poor health.（由省略连词that引导的宾语从句和who引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]I was so immersed in her talk that I didn't t notice she had finished it until she patted my shoulder. （由so…that…引导的结果状语从句和until引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型3]Though it was true that there were many people I was grateful to, I thought it was Mareya that I should express my gratitude to the here and now. （由that引导的主语从句、省略连词that/whom的定语从句和it was…that…引导的强调句型）
[高分句型4]Then I recalled good times spent with Mareya and how she managed to help me out whenever I was in trouble. （由how引导的宾语从句和whenever引导的让步状语从句）
听力答案：1-5 CCAAC 6- 10 CBBAC 11- 15 AABCA 16-20 CBAAA
2022届重庆市西南大学附属中学高三上学期第四次月考
英语试题
（满分：150 分；考试时间： 120 分钟）
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、班级、考场/座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 答选择题时， 必须使用 2B 铅笔填涂；答非选择题时， 必须使用 0.5 毫米的黑色签字笔书写； 必须在题号对应的答题区域内作答， 超出答题区域书写无效；保持答卷清洁、完整。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回（试题卷自行保管，以备评讲）。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳 选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后， 你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读 下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will Jane do this Friday?
A. Go out of town. B. Watch her sister’s dog. C.Have dinner with her classmates.
2. How long will the man stay if his wife comes?
A. 4 nights. B. 6 nights. C. 8 nights.
3. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At the border. B. At the airport. C. At a travel agency.
4. What time will the meeting begin?
A. At 11:00 am. B. At 1:00 pm. C. At 3:00 pm.
5. What language does Mr. Black speak best?
A. Chinese. B. French. C. Spanish.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
请听下面 5 段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个 选项中选出最佳选项， 并标注在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前， 你将有时间阅读各个 小题， 每小题 5 秒钟。听完后，每小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间， 每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答 6、7 题。
6. What does the woman’s backpack look like?
A. It is made of leather. B. There is a pattern on it. C. A handkerchief is tied to it.
7. How does the woman probably feel in the end?
A. Disappointed. B. Relieved. C. Worried.
听下面一段对话，回答 8 至 10 题。
8. What is John doing?
A. Doing a fun project. B. Emptying the cupboard. C. Donating unwanted things.
9. What is “freecycling”?
A. A way of recycling. B. A kind of old junk. C. A travel website.
10. What does John want now?
A. A gorilla arm. B. A microphone. C. A bicycle.
听下面一段对话，回答 11 至 13 题。
11. How did Helen contact the company?
A. By email. B. By phone. C. By letter.
12. What is the duty of the job in the ad?
A. To look after children. B. To work for a newspaper. C.To serve in a phone company.
13. On what conditions would Helen accept the job?
A The place is fun. B. The pay is good. C. The work is easy.
听下面一段对话，回答 14 至 16 题。
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Father and daughter. C. Teacher and student.
15. What is Mr. Jones’ suggestion?
A. Forming good habits.
B. Canceling the research project.
C. Saving all the work for the final week.
16. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The research paper.
B. The changes to the schedule.
C. The plans for the end of the term.
听下面一段独白，回答 17 至 20 题。
17. Who is the speaker talking to?
A Shop customers. B. Cafe employees. C. House agents.
18. Why does the speaker give the talk?
A. To tell the listeners the move of the cafe.
B. To announce the opening of a new shop.
C. To apologize for the wrong decisions.
19. When is a new place expected to be found?
A. By September. B. By November. C. By December.
20. What is the speaker’s attitude toward the matter in general?
A. Positive. B.Nervous. C. Confused.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 和 D 四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将 该项涂黑。
A
For people who struggle to read text, technology can be a lifeline. Actually, assistive technology (AT) tools for reading can also be useful to students who just need some extra assistance to aid reading fluency or comprehension. These tools are inexpensive and easy to find. They open up the wonderful world of reading, making text accessible to students of all abilities. But with so many tools out there, it’s not always easy to know which ones to use.
To help, here’s a guide to some best ones.
Graphic organizers
They are visual representations, like diagrams and mind maps, of ideas and concepts. You can use graphic organizers to help with comprehension while reading. Graphic organizers can be digital or pen and paper.
Annotation aids
They let you take notes and write comments while reading. This can make it easier to keep information. Annotation aids can be part of software or apps, or they can be traditional pens, markers, and sticky notes.
Display control
It allows you to control how text is displayed. When reading on a screen, you can change the font(字体), font size, and spacing of text. You can also cover parts of the screen to lessen distractions(干扰) while reading.
Text-to-speech (TTS)
It lets you see text and hear it read aloud at the same time. To use this tool, you click on words, and you’ll hear the words read by computer-generated voices. You can even read after it and record your own voice. TTS can also be used to change any digital text files into audio files.
Optical character recognition (OCR)
It can read aloud text from images and pictures. You can use OCR by taking photos of worksheets, paper documents, and even objects like street signs. Like TTS, OCR uses computer-generated voices.
Keep in mind that using AT reading tools won’t prevent people from learning to read. For example, experts say audiobooks can actually help kids become better readers.
1. If a reader prefers taking his feelings down while reading, he’d better use ________.
A. graphic organizers B. annotation aids
C. display control D. text-to-speech
2. What feature makes OCR unique?
A. Changing file types. B. Editing photos of documents.
C. Reading words in pictures. D. Using computer-generated voices.
3. According to the author, AT reading tools are ________.
A. accessible and beneficial B. expensive but worthwhile
C. helpful and energy-efficient D. innovative but complicated
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几种最好的阅读辅助技术工具。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Annotation aids部分第一句“They let you take notes and write comments while reading.”（它们让你在阅读时记笔记和写评论。）可知，如果一名读者喜欢在阅读时写下他的感受，他最好使用annotation aids。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Optical character recognition (OCR)部分第一句“It can read aloud text from images and pictures.”（它可以从图像和图片中大声朗读文本。）可知，阅读图片中的单词让OCR很独特。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第二句和第三句“Actually, assistive technology (AT) tools for reading can also be useful to students who just need some extra assistance to aid reading fluency or comprehension. These tools are inexpensive and easy to find. ”（实际上，阅读辅助技术工具对于那些只是需要一些额外帮助来帮助阅读流畅性或理解的学生也很有用。这些工具不贵，很容易找到。）可知，阅读辅助技术工具是可获得的并且是有益的。故选A。
B
Louise Mallard has heart trouble, so she must be informed carefully about her husband's death. Louise's husband's friend, Richards, learned about a railroad disaster when he was in the newspaper office and saw Louise's husband, Brently, on the list of those killed. Louise begins sobbing when Josephine, her sister, tells her of Brently's death and goes upstairs to be alone in her room.
Louise sits down and looks out of an open window. She sees trees, smells approaching rain, and hears a peddler yelling out what he's selling. She hears someone singing as well as the sounds of sparrows, and there are white clouds in the sky. She is young, with lines around her eyes. Still crying, she gazes into the distance. She feels sad and tries to hold down the building emotions within her, but can't. She begins repeating the word "Free" to herself over and over again. Her heart beats quickly, and she feels very warm.
Louise knows she'll cry again when she sees Brently's body. His hands were tender, and he always looked at her lovingly. But then she imagines the years ahead, which belong only to her now, and spreads her arms out joyfully with anticipation. She will be free, on her own without anyone to oppress her. She thinks that all women and men oppress one another even if they do it out of kindness. Louise knows that she often felt love for Brently but tells herself that none of that matters anymore. She feels thrilled with her newfound sense of independence.
Josephine comes to her door, begging Louise to come out, warning her that she'll get sick if she doesn't. Louise tells her to go away. She imagines all the days and years ahead and hopes that she lives a long life. Then she opens the door, and she and Josephine start walking down the stairs, where Richards is waiting.
The front door unexpectedly opens, and Brently comes in. He hadn't been in the train accident or even aware that one had happened. Josephine screams, and Richards tries unsuccessfully to block Louise from seeing him. Doctors arrive and announce that Louise died of a heart attack brought on by happiness.
4. How did Louise learn about Brently's death?
A. She saw it in the news. B. Richards informed her.
C. She found out through Josephine. D. The railroad company notified her.
5. Which words can describe Louise after she heard the news?
A. Excited and happy. B. Sad but relieved. C. Desperate and lonely. D. Joyful but terrified.
6. What does the underlined word “oppressed” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Fight. B. Suspect. C. Control. D. Fool.
7. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Brently played a trick on Louise on purpose.
B. The train accident caused Louise's heart attack.
C. Josephine's scream resulted in Louise's sudden death.
D. Brently's survival was the last thing Louise had expected.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述Louise得知自己的丈夫Brently死讯后感到很悲伤，但是同时又感到轻松释怀，最后她接受了丈夫的死亡，甚至开始庆幸自己从此获得自由，却没有想到看到丈夫从门外进来，结果Louise心脏病发而亡。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段里面的“Louise begins sobbing when Josephine, her sister, tells her of Brently's death and goes upstairs to be alone in her room. (当Louise的姐姐告诉她丈夫Brently的死讯时，她开始哭泣然后上楼把自己一个人关在房间里)”可知，Louise是通过Josephine知道了丈夫的死讯。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段里面的“Still crying, she gazes into the distance. She feels sad and tries to hold down the building emotions within her, but can't. (她一边哭泣一边凝视着远方她。她很难过，想试图控制自己内心的情绪，但是没成功)”和第三段“She feels thrilled with her newfound sense of independence.(她对自己新获得的独立感到兴奋)”可知，她感觉到悲伤，但是同时又轻松释怀。故选B。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“She will be free, on her own without anyone to oppress her.(她将会变得自由，独立，没有人oppress她)”可知，oppress此处的意思为管控。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“She feels thrilled with her newfound sense of independence.(她对自己新获得的独立感到兴奋)”以及最后一段第一句“The front door unexpectedly opens, and Brently comes in.(前门突然开了，Brently走了进来)”可知，此时Louise已经接受了丈夫的死亡，甚至开始庆幸自己从此获得自由，却没想到看到丈夫从门外进来，所以Brently活着回家是她没有想到的。故选D。
C
Whether hunting or competing for limited space and resources, humans are the planet’s super predator (捕食者). As the human population expands, it’s getting harder for other creatures to find somewhere to hide during the day. Now new findings indicate animals around the world have come up with another strategy: They are becoming nocturnal (夜间活动的).
In a paper published in Science, researchers analyzed 76 previous scientific studies about human impact on animal activity. They compared animals’ activity during the day and night in areas of high human disturbance (from hunting or farming to hiking and other outdoor recreation) and low human disturbance (relatively natural conditions). The analysis showed animals are becoming an average of 1.36 times more nocturnal due to high human disturbance.
For example, in Poland wild boars go from 48% nocturnal in natural forests to 90% nocturnal in urban areas. Even activities people consider relatively innocuous, such as hiking and wildlife viewing, strongly affected animals’ daily rhythms. “We think that we’re leaving no trace often when we’re outdoors, but we can be having lasting consequences on animal behavior,” says Kaitlyn Gaynor, lead researcher for the study.
This is not the first time animals have had to live at night; during the time of dinosaurs, they were also nocturnal. “Dinosaurs were this ubiquitous (无处不在的), scary force, and only after their extinction did mammals (哺乳动物) emerge into the daylight,” Gaynor says. “And now humans have taken over and are pushing other animals back into the night.”
Scientists suspect becoming nocturnal may hurt those species highly adapted to the sun. They might not be able to live well at night, which would ultimately hurt their chances of survival and reproduction. Perhaps even more alarming effects could be in the wider ecosystem. In California’s Santa Cruz Mountains, coyotes have been more nocturnal in response to hikers and have started to alter their diets from daytime prey, such as squirrels and birds, to nocturnal prey, such as rats and rabbits.
Exactly how ecological communities will change, and whether it will be for better or worse, requires further study. Some nighttime shifts may benefit both animals and humans, Gaynor notes. For instance, tigers in Nepal are avoiding potentially deadly conflicts with people as they become more nocturnal.
Studies like this one will eventually help conservation managers make better decisions about how to protect ecosystems. “We’ll need to understand local dynamics to really understand how we should be changing management of wildlife populations or human activities,” Gaynor notes, “One potential approach might be to manage the timing of human activities so that we leave some of the daylight for other animals.”
8. How do animals respond to increasing human disturbance?
A. By limiting food intake. B. By leaving their habitat.
C. By controlling population. D. By adjusting daily routine.
9 What does the underlined word “innocuous” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Harmless. B. Recreational. C. Organized. D. Irregular.
10. Why does the author mention dinosaurs?
A. To highlight the importance of daylight. B. To indicate the domination of humans.
C. To illustrate mammals’ adaptability. D. To demonstrate dinosaurs’ power.
11. What can we learn about animals’ becoming nocturnal?
A. It has led to a new ecological balance. B. It demands more conservation areas.
C. It may encourage bio-diversity. D. It might be double-edged.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。随着人类人口的增长，其他生物在白天更难找到藏身之处。现在，新的发现表明，世界各地的动物想出了另一种策略：它们正变成夜行动物。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The analysis showed animals are becoming an average of 1.36 times more nocturnal due to high human disturbance.”（分析显示，由于人类的干扰，动物的夜间活动平均增加了1.36倍。）可知，动物们通过调整日常作息来应对日益增加的人类干扰。故选D。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段第三句“We think that we’re leaving no trace often when we’re outdoors, but we can be having lasting consequences on animal behavior”（我们认为我们在户外时通常不会留下任何痕迹，但我们可能会对动物行为产生持久的影响）可知，划线部分所在句子“Even activities people consider relatively innocuous, such as hiking and wildlife viewing, strongly affected animals’ daily rhythms.”即使是我们认为相对没有害处的活动也会极大地影响动物的日常节奏。所以innocuous意为“无害的”，与harmless同义。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Dinosaurs were this ubiquitous(无处不在的), scary force, and only after their extinction did mammals(哺乳动物) emerge into the daylight”（恐龙是如此无处不在，令人恐惧的力量，只有在它们灭绝后，哺乳动物才会出现在阳光下）和第三句“And now humans have taken over and are pushing other animals back into the night.”（现在人类取代了恐龙，把其它动物们赶回黑夜。）可推知，作者提到恐龙是为了表明人类的统治。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“Scientists suspect becoming nocturnal may hurt those species highly adapted to the sun.”（科学家怀疑，夜间活动可能会伤害那些高度适应阳光的物种。）和第六段第二句“Some nighttime shifts may benefit both animals and humans”（一些夜间转变可能对动物和人类都有利）可知，动物变成夜间活动对动物和人类既有好处又有坏处，所以是一把双刃剑。故选D。
D
China's historic 23-day Chang'e 5 mission has not only obtained precious rock and soil samples from the moon, but has also brought back a group of seeds that traveled the furthest in the nation's agricultural and forestry histories. More than 30 kinds of seeds, including that of rice, oats etc., were placed inside the multi-module Chang'e 5 spacecraft and orbited around the moon for about 15 days.
Scientists wished to check what would happen to the seeds after being exposed to extraterrestrial (地外的) forces in lunar orbit and also hoped that they could develop beneficial mutations (突变). This mission offered good opportunities to scientists, which enabled them to deepen their studies on the effect of cosmic rays on the growth and evolution of life on Earth.
Space-based mutation breeding refers to the process of exposing seeds to forces such as microgravity, vacuums and cosmic radiation during a spaceflight and then sending them back to Earth for further observation and planting. Researchers observe and examine several generations of plants grown from space-bred seeds and investigate their mutations-some are positive and desirable while others are negative. Those with positive mutations will be kept and analyzed, and will be introduced to farmers after their certification and approval.
Space breeding can generate mutations faster and more conveniently than ground-based experiments and can bring about some desirable traits that are otherwise hard to introduce. Compared with natural or conventionally bred types of plants, space-developed versions with positive mutations usually feature higher nutritional content, greater annual yields, shorter growth periods and better resistance to diseases and insect pests.
China conducted its first space breeding experiment in 1987, using a satellite to carry seeds into space. Since then, hundreds of kinds of seeds and seedlings have traveled with dozens of Chinese spaceships. Space breeding has helped to produce more than 200 new types of mutated plants in China that have been approved for large-scale cultivation, ranging from grains to vegetables and fruits. The Chang'e 5 robotic mission returned 1,731 grams of lunar rock and soil to Earth, marking a historic accomplishment 44 years after the last lunar substances were taken back.
12. Why were the seeds placed inside Chang'e 5?
A. To pick out the fittest for mutations. B. To understand extraterrestrial forces.
C. To study the intensity of cosmic rays. D. To expose them to a special environment.
13. What do we know about space-based mutation breeding?
A. It is not a time-consuming process. B. Mutations develop in a random way.
C. It often brings about desirable effects. D. Approval will be granted to mutated plants.
14. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. It is a custom to put seedlings on a spacecraft.
B. China was the first to do a space breeding experiment.
C. It is some time since seeds were last taken into space.
D. Space breeding has brought us commercial benefits.
15. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Space-bred Seeds Offer Great Chances B. Chang'e 5 Returns with a Big Package
C. Plant Mutations Result in a Better Life D. Seeds from Space Mark a New History
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. D 15. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。包括大米、燕麦等在内的30多种种子被放置在多舱“嫦娥五号”飞船内，绕月飞行了约15天。这些种子都进行了太空育种。文章对太空育种的概念、优势和收益进行了介绍。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Scientists wished to check what would happen to the seeds after being exposed to extraterrestrial (地外的) forces in lunar orbit and also hoped that they could develop beneficial mutations (突变).”（科学家们希望检查这些种子在月球轨道上受到外星力量的影响后会发生什么，也希望它们能发展出有益的突变。）可知，种子被放在嫦娥五号里是为了让它们暴露在特殊环境下。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Researchers observe and examine several generations of plants grown from space-bred seeds and investigate their mutations-some are positive and desirable while others are negative.”（研究人员观察和检查了几代由太空培育的种子长成的植物，并调查了它们的突变——一些是积极和可取的，而另一些是消极的。）可知，突变是以随机的方式发生的。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“Space breeding has helped to produce more than 200 new types of mutated plants in China that have been approved for large-scale cultivation, ranging from grains to vegetables and fruits.”（太空育种已帮助中国培育出200多种新的突变植物，这些植物已获准进行大规模种植，从谷物到蔬菜和水果。）可知，太空培育给我们带来了商业利益。故选D。
【15题详解】
标题判断题。文章主要讲了太空育种给人类带来了很多好处，相比来说有更多优势，所以选项A（太空培育的种子提供了巨大的机遇）是最好的标题。选项B没有提到太空育种，选项C没有提到太空，选项D混淆了概念，不是来自太空的种子，而是从地球带到太空发生突变再带回地球的种子，所以选项B、选项C和选项D都不是合适的标题。故选A。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What Are the Roots of Your Self-Esteem?
Self-esteem is a person's subjective assessment of his or her worth to himself or herself. Self- esteem covers various beliefs about oneself (such as 'Tm a failure" and "I'm beautiful") as well as physiological states, including sadness, joy, and shame. The more we believe that we are worthy of happiness and good things in life, the more self-fulfilled we will be. When we don't believe that we are worthy of these things, our ability to enjoy them can suffer. ____16____
Healthy self-esteem as an adult can be a gift given in your childhood. It is a blessing that most people overlook. There are so many ways adults with high self-esteem were supported as children that resulted in them having high self-esteem. For instance, they were praised for what they had achieved.
____17____They likely experienced affection and were given enough attention. It is also possible that they excelled in studies or in sports and were admired for it by peers.
____18____As children, many of these people were criticized, yelled at, or abused in one way or another. There is also a high chance that they were given no attention by the adults who were supposed to care for them. In some cases, adults with poor self-esteem were often ridiculed for their shortcomings or bullied by peers.
It is common that these adults also believe that in order to be appreciated they need to be perfect.
____19____There are people who are obsessed with their careers or hobbies because in their mind they need to tie their worthiness to something concrete. Oftentimes these people have to pretend to be something they are not just to get approval.
How you feel about yourself impacts how you live your life. People with high self-esteem tend to have better relationships than those with low self-esteem. ____20____ So if you struggle to reach out for assistance, it could be rooted in your low self-esteem.
A. There is also a good chance that they were spoken to respectfully.
B. When we start to doubt what's important in life, we tend to do less of it.
C. Since self-esteem is connected to how we perform, it is important to work on it.
D. People with poor self-esteem, on the other hand, often experienced the opposite.
E. This creates an image in their mind that without accomplishment they are worthless.
F. They face failure too, but they understand that failure or success doesn't define them.
G. High self-esteem enables you to ask for help and support from the people around you when you need it.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。自尊是一个人对自己价值的主观评价。自尊包括对自己的各种信念和生理状态。文章对高自尊和低自尊的人进行了对比和说明。
【16题详解】
根据前文“When we don't believe that we are worthy of these things, our ability to enjoy them can suffer. (当我们不相信自己值得拥有这些东西时，我们享受它们的能力就会受到伤害)”可知，此处是指当我们对人生和自己产生怀疑时，就会有不好的影响。所以选项B. When we start to doubt what's important in life, we tend to do less of it. (当我们开始怀疑生活中重要的东西，我们往往会对此做得更少)切合文意，且和前文句式相同。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据后文“They likely experienced affection and were given enough attention. It is also possible that they excelled in studies or in sports and were admired for it by peers. (他们可能经历了感情，并得到了足够关注。也有可能他们在学习或体育方面表现优异，并因此受到同龄人的崇拜)”可知，此处是指他们被怀有敬意地对待，所以选项A. There is also a good chance that they were spoken to respectfully. (也有一个很好的机会让人们向他们尊敬地说话)切合文意。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据后文“In some cases, adults with poor self-esteem were often ridiculed for their shortcomings or bullied by peers. (在某些情况下，缺乏自尊的成年人经常因为自己的缺点而被嘲笑或被同龄人欺负)”可知，此处是讲缺乏自尊的人往往不被尊重，所以选项D. People with poor self-esteem, on the other hand, often experienced the opposite. (另一方面，缺乏自尊的人所经历的往往恰恰相反)切合文意。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据前文“It is common that these adults also believe that in order to be appreciated they need to be perfect. (这些成年人也普遍认为，为了被欣赏，他们需要变得完美)”可知，选项E中的this是指人们认为为了被欣赏他们需要变得完美，根据后文“There are people who are obsessed with their careers or hobbies because in their mind they need to tie their worthiness to something concrete. (有些人痴迷于自己的事业或爱好，因为在他们的脑海中，他们需要把自己的价值与具体的东西联系起来)”可知，有些人往往把自己的价值和成就联系在一起，所以选项E. This creates an image in their mind that without accomplishment they are worthless. (这在他们的脑海中造成了一种形象，没有成就，他们是毫无价值的)切合文意。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据后文“So if you struggle to reach out for assistance, it could be rooted in your low self-esteem. (所以如果你挣扎着去寻求帮助，那可能是因为你的自卑)”可知，自尊心高的人不会纠结于是否要寻求帮助，所以选项G. High self-esteem enables you to ask for help and support from the people around you when you need it. (高自尊能让你在需要的时候向周围的人寻求帮助和支持)切合文意。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
I am currently cycling trails around Australia, and am about to cycle the Nullarbor to raise funds for MS (多发性硬化症). I have MS myself and the journey ____21____ takes time and energy, but cycling is a(n) ____22____ for me. However, while travelling, I was ____23____ to find that I had my bike stolen by a not-so-kind person.
The human kindness I have been shown since this happened has been ____24____ short of amazing. A warm-hearted lady donated me a mountain bike in case I had to ____25____ my scheduled plan. Due to MS, I am very short, which makes it almost ____26____ to find a bike in my size. Even so, my hometown ____27____ me up, managing to help buy an extra small sized bike, which I eventually found was just my ____28____.
So far, people have ____29____ to put me up, selflessly provided me with daily ____30____ for riding long distances and put money into my hands to let me go towards the cause , as they ____31____ me from a newspaper report.
My ____32____ is that there are so many kind people out there. Never can I let the unkind ____33____ of so few ruin the fact that the world consists of more kind people than unkind people. That, in itself, is ____34____. It won’t be long before I hit that long stretch of road and do my bit to ____35____ society.
21. A. hardly B. undoubtedly C. somehow. D. otherwise
22. A. challenge B. fame C. entertainment. D. competition
23. A. discouraged B. scared C. ashamed. D. amused
24. A. everything B. something C. nothing. D. anything
25. A. cancel B. continue C. make. D. update
26. A. effortless B. impossible C. shameful. D. unreasonable
27. A. brought B. dressed C. signed. D. backed
28. A. design B. mission C. order. D. type
29. A. offered B. agreed C. promised. D. hesitated
30. A. messages B. necessities C. arrangements. D. vehicles
31. A. recognize B. search C. teach. D. select
32. A. advice B. point C. purpose. D. intention
33. A. remarks B. criticisms C. excuses. D. actions
34. A. difference B. punishment C. hope. D. trust
35. A. fit in with B. give back to C. keep pace with. D. hold on to
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者自己患有多发性硬化症， 并且正在澳大利亚各地的自行车道骑行，为多发性硬化症筹集资金。旅程中作者的自行车被盗走 了，但这一不友善的行为并没有夺走作者的希 望，因为有更多的人去帮助作者完成计划。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:我自己也患有多发性硬化症，这段旅程无疑需要时间和精力，但骑行对我来说是一项娱乐。A. hardly几乎不；B. undoubtedly无疑地；C. somehow莫名奇妙地；D. otherwise否则。根据前文的“I am currently cycling trails around Australia, and am about to cycle the Nullarbor to raise funds for MS (多发性硬化症). ”可知，作者目前正在澳大利亚各地的自行车道上骑自行车，并准备骑自行车到纳拉伯为多发性硬化症筹集资金，所以这段为了募捐骑行的旅程无疑是需要花费时间和精力的。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我自己也患有多发性硬化症，这段旅程无疑需要时间和精力，但骑行对我来说是一项娱乐。A. challenge 挑战；B. fame名声；C. entertainment 娱乐； D. competition竞赛。根据空前的转折连词but可知，虽然募捐骑行的旅程需要花费时间和精力，但是骑行对我来说是一项娱乐。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 然而，在旅行时，我沮丧地发现我的自行车被一个不太善良的人偷了。A. discouraged沮丧的；B. scared害怕的；C. ashamed 羞愧的； D. amused被逗乐的。根据下文“I had my bike stolen by a not-so-kind person.”可知，作者的自行车被偷了，所以可以推断，作者感到很沮丧。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查不定代词词义辨析。句意:自从这件事发生以来，我所感受到的人类的善意简直令人惊叹。A. everything每件事； B. something一些事； C. nothing没有事； D. anything任何事。根据下文“A warm-hearted lady donated me a mountain bike”及后面内容可知，这件事发生之后，作者得到很多帮助，所以此处表示作者感受到很多善意，简直让人惊叹。nothing short of意为“无异于，简直就是”，符合语境。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位热心的女土捐赠给我一辆山地车，以防我不得不取消原定计划。A. cancel取消； B. continue继续； C. make制作；D. update更新。根据“in case”和空后的“my scheduled plan”可知，这位热心的女士捐 赠给作者一辆山地车，以防作者不得不取消原定计划。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于多发性硬化症，我很矮，所以几乎不可能找到一辆符合我尺寸的自行车。A. effortless不费力的；B. impossible不可能的；C. shameful可耻的；D. unreasonable不合理的。根据上文“I am very short”可知，作者个头 很矮，所以可以推断找到一辆符合作者尺寸的自行车很难，几乎并不可能。故选 B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我的家乡还是支持我，设法帮我买了一辆超小型自行车，我最终发现它正是我喜欢的类型。A. brought带来；B. dressed穿衣；C. signed签 名； D. backed支持。根据下文“managing to help buy an extra small sized bike”可知，作者的家乡设法为作者买了一辆特别小的自行车，所以看出他们支持作者。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我的家乡还是支持我，设法帮我买了一辆超小型自行车，我最终发现它正是我喜欢的类型。A. design设计；B. mission任务；C. order命令；D. type类型。根据下文“managing to help buy an extra small sized bike”和空前的just可知，此处指作者的家乡为了支持作者，设法买了一辆极小的自行车，正是适合作者的类型。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，有人主动提出为我提供住宿，无私地为我提供长途骑行所需的生活用品，还把钱交到我手里，让我为这项事业捐款，因为他们从报纸上认出了我。A. offered主动提供；B. agreed同意；C. promised 承诺； D. hesitated犹豫。根据下文“selflessly provided me with daily…” 可知，此段在列举人们对作者无私的帮助，所以空处应该是主动提供住宿。故选A 项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，有人主动提出为我提供住宿，无私地为我提供长途骑行所需的生活用品，还把钱交到我手里，让我为这项事业捐款，因为他们从报纸上认出了我。A. messages信息；B. necessities必需品；C. arrangements安排；D. vehicles工具。根据“daily”和空后的“for riding long distances”可知，此处指有人为作者提供生活必需品。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，有人主动提出为我提供住宿，无私地为我提供长途骑行所需的生活用品，还把钱交到我手里，让我为这项事业捐款，因为他们从报纸上认出了我。A. recognize认出；B. search寻找；C. teach教 ；D. select选择。根据下文“from a newspaper report”可知，此处应该是有人在报纸上认出作者，所以他们把钱交给作者，让作者为这项事业捐款。故选A 项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想说的是，世界上有那么多善良的人。A. advice建议；B. point要点；C. purpose目的； D. intention目的。根据下文“there are so many kind people out there”是作者的一种观点，所以此处用 point表示。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我绝不能让这少数不友善的行为毁掉这个世界上善良的人比不友善的人多的事实。A. remarks评论；B. criticisms批评；C. excuses 借口；D. actions行动。根据上文“ ruin the fact that the world consists of more kind people than unkind people. ”可知，此处指作者经历过被偷自行车这种不友好的行为，但是作者后来得到更多人的帮助，所以作者通过亲身经历告诉我们，不能让少数不友好的行为影响我们对以善意为主导的世界的认知。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本身就是希望。A. difference不同；B. punishment惩罚；C. hope 希望；D .trust信任。根据上文“ the world consists of more kind people than unkind people. ”可知，相信这个世界的善意比不友善多，这本身就能给人希望。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：不久我就会踏上那条漫漫长路，尽自己的一份力量回报社会。A .fit in with适应；B. give back to回馈； C. keep pace with保持同步；D. hold on to坚持。根据下文“do my bit to （15） society”和文章内容可知，作者在做公益的旅途中得到了很多帮助，因此此处应该指作者希望能够很快回馈社会。故选B项。
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the countdown to the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics continues, the new high-speed railway line ____36____ (connect) the capital with Olympic host city Zhangjiakou has just entered service. It cuts the travel time between the two from three hours ____37____ 47 minutes. But this isn’t just another bullet train. This beauty, which can run up to 350 kilometers per hour without a driver, has brought ____38____ is called “ the smart high-speed railway age”.
So what makes them “smart”? Well, the carriages ____39____ (equip) with 5G signals can detect any operational abnormalities with real-time data collected with sensors. Meanwhile, each individual seat has ____40____ (it) own touch-screen control panel and wireless charging docks. The trains can ____41____ (automatic) start, stop and adjust to the different speed limits when in ____42____ (operate). Back at the station, robots and facial recognition technologies can help passengers with directions, luggage and paperless check-ins.
Today, China is home to the world’s largest high-speed rail network, and the ____43____ (fast) commercially operating train—the Shanghai maglev. According to the China State Railway Group, 1,036 Fuxing bullet trains started their mission in 2017, ____44____ the series were first launched. Over the past 4 years, they ____45____ (send) over 100 million passengers across the country.
【答案】36. collecting
37. to 38. what
39. equipped
40. its 41. automatically
42. operation
43. fastest
44. when 45. have sent
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。连接首都和奥运会主办城市张家口的新高速铁路刚刚投入使用，本文介绍了该列高铁的优势，并展示了中国庞大的高速铁路网。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着2022年北京冬奥会的倒计时工作继续进行，连接首都和奥运会主办城市张家口的新高速铁路刚刚投入使用。分析句子结构可知，“_____ the capital with Olympic host city Zhangjiakou”放在line后起修饰作用，且line与connect构成逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。故填：connecting。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：它将两辆车之间的通行时间从3小时缩短到47分钟。根据句意可知，通行时间从3小时缩短到47分钟，用from…to…结构，表示“从……到……”。故填：to。
【38题详解】
考查连接词。句意：这个漂亮的列车，在没有司机的情况下，时速可达350公里，带来了所谓的“智能高铁时代”。分析句子可知，has brought后缺少宾语，构成宾语从句，从句部分缺少主语，用连接代词what引导。故填：what。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：配备5G信号的车厢可以通过传感器采集实时数据，检测任何运行异常。分析句子可知，carriages与equip构成逻辑上的被动关系，空处用过去分词作后置定语。故填：equipped。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：同时，每个座位都有自己的触摸屏控制面板和无线充电座。it为人称代词，空处作定语，用形容词性物主代词its。故填：its。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：列车在运行中可以自动启动、停止，并根据不同的限速进行调整。分析句子可知，空处缺少副词修饰动词start，stop作状语。故填：automatically。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。介词in后用名词作宾语，in operation（在运行中）固定短语。故填：operation。
【43题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：今天，中国拥有世界上最大的高速铁路网，以及商业运营速度最快的列车——上海磁悬浮列车。根据the Shanghai maglev及空格前的the可知，上海磁悬浮列车是商业运营速度最快的列车，空处用形容词最高级。故填：fastest。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：据中国国家铁路集团称，2017年，1036列复兴号子弹头列车首次发射，开始了它们的任务。观察句子可知，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词2017作从句的时间状语，用关系副词when引导。故填：when。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在过去的4年里，他们已经向全国运送了1亿多名乘客。根据Over the past 4 years可知，句子时态为现在完成时。故填：have sent。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分 15 分）
46. 假如你是李华，近日你校举办了主题为“中国传统文化之美”的校园文化节。请你写一封信，告知对此感兴趣的美国笔友 Jerry 有关文化节的相关情况。内容包括：
1.举办时间；
2. 活动内容；
3. 师生反响。
注意：
1. 词数 80 左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jerry,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jerry,
Glad to know you’re interested in the first Campus Culture Festival with the theme of “The Beauty of Chinese Traditional Culture” held last week. I’m writing to give you some relevant information.
The festival consisted of various activities, such as an ancient poetry recitation contest on Tuesday afternoon and a week-long exhibition, where hundreds of students’ traditional Chinese painting and calligraphy works were on display. Additionally, several celebrated actors were invited to perform Beijing Opera in the auditorium on Friday evening.
All the teachers and students thought highly of it and regarded it as a golden chance to gain a deeper insight into Chinese traditional culture.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国笔友 Jerry写封信，告知有关学校举办的主题为“中国传统文化之美”的校园文化节的相关情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
消息：news→information
展出：on show→on display
机会：opportunity→chance
回复：answer→reply
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Additionally, several celebrated actors were invited to perform Beijing Opera in the auditorium on Friday evening.
拓展句：Additionally, several celebrated actors were invited to perform Beijing Opera in the auditorium on Friday evening, which is known as our national quintessence.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The festival consisted of various activities, such as an ancient poetry recitation contest on Tuesday afternoon and a week-long exhibition, where hundreds of students’ traditional Chinese painting and calligraphy works were on display. (运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】All the teachers and students thought highly of it and regarded it as a golden chance to gain a deeper insight into Chinese traditional culture. (运用了非谓语动词不定式作后置定语)
第二节 读后续写（满分 25 分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文.
At the end of the class, Mr. Smith announced our assignment for the next Monday was to talk about someone we were grateful to instead of a book report. Upon hearing it, I couldn’t help complaining to Mareya that I was so nervous about having to talk in front of the whole class.
“ Arizona ,you’ve been in at least three plays ,” Mareya pointed out.“ If you don’ t get stage fright in front of those big audiences, why are you bothered by a few kids in our class ?”
It was true, but in a play you were part of a group. I shook my head. Plus, there were so many people I was grateful to. There was no way I could possibly pick just one. Plus, even if I picked one I’ d have no idea what to say. Plus, even if I figured out what to say, I was a million- percent positive I’ d mess up if I tried to say it out loud! I’ d be standing there with everyone staring at me, waiting for words to come out of my mouth.“ Oh , my goodness !” I pulled my sweatshirt hood ( 兜 帽 ) over my face, put my hands over my ears and said,“ I don’t want to talk about it !”
But one thing about really good friends who knew you really well was that they didn’ t always do exactly what you asked them to. Mareya could be pretty pushy talking of being helpful. She scribbled(潦草地写) something on a piece of paper , lifted my hood, and smiled. She’ d drawn a funny elephant (named Franky) with the word BREATHE coming out of its trunk .
“ This is Franky, the ‘everything is going to be all right’ elephant ” Mareya giggled. She held the picture up to her ear and asked, “What’ s that you say, Franky? You think my friend Arizona should come over to my house this weekend so we can work on our talks together?”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1. And that was exactly what happened.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2 .On Monday morning, however, I decided to talk about Mareya.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文1：
Paragraph 1:
And that was exactly what happened.
Arizona and I sat at the desk at the study in her house on Saturday afternoon. I asked her curiously who she would pick to talk about. “ My grandma ”. She blurted out. She told me she was grateful to her grandma, who took great pains to bring her up despite poor health. From her excited look and gentle tone, I could feel her deep gratitude and love for her grandma. I was so immersed in her talk that I didn't t notice she had finished it until she patted my shoulder. She then suggested I talk about my mum. I followed her advice as I had no other good ideas. She also helped me organize my ideas and gave me patient guidance on my gestures, emotions and eye contact when practising the presentation in her presence . She was so helpful that I got prepared for my talk very smoothly.
Paragraph 2:
On Monday morning, however, I decided to talk about Mareya.
Though it was true that there were many people I was grateful to, I thought it was Mareya that I should express my gratitude to the here and now. When my turn came, I mustered up courage and stepped onto the platform. I couldn’t help looking at Mareya and found her smiling and cheering for me. Clearing my throat, I started: “ Today , I’d like to talk about Mareya , a friend I will always be grateful to .” Hearing the words, Mareya widened her eyes and looked at me in surprise. Then I recalled good times spent with Mareya and how she managed to help me out whenever I was in trouble. Upon finishing the talk, I trotted towards Mareya and gave her a bear hug. Meanwhile, thunderous applause rang through the classroom.
例文2：
And that was exactly what happened.
Magically, I did go to Mareya’s house to work on the talks together. We discussed, finalized the draft, and rehearse the homework. But I was still unsure if I could make it in front of the whole class." Just imagine all the elephants drawn by me are those big audiences” suggested Mareya, sticking all the pictures of Franky to each chair . It did work! Never did I felt nervous. I was so grateful for the elephants that I decided to talk about Franky on Monday morning. Mareya giggled and nodded her head.
Paragraph 2:
On Monday morning, however, I decided to talk about Mareya . Obviously, there being no extra time for me to modify my draft, I stepped on the stage and delivered my speech without any draft.” Today, I’d like to talk about Mareya, she doesn’ t always do exactly what I asked her to. Plus, she doesn’ t hesitate to be helpful whenever I am in need. Plus, she doesn’ t fail to draw kinds of magical elephants to conceive me that everything is going to be all right ….” After I finished, the audience burst into thunderous applause. Not until then, did I realize who I needed to be grateful to. I threw myself to Mareya’s arms, held back my welling tears and said " Thanks , Mareya ”
例文 3:
And that was exactly what happened. Reluctantly, I inched my way into Mareya’s room. I sank into the chair, not knowing what to do. Maeya suggested that we pick _ one of the persons I appreciated first. My mind raced quickly and people’s names flooded in. I finally chose one Then Mareya encouraged me to write down what the person did moved me. Finally, with Mareya’s help, I even read it out aloud. But at night, I tossed and turned, thinking there must be something important ignored by me.
On Monday morning, however, I decided to talk about Mareya. Yes, it dawned on me that I had always ignored Mareya even though we spent so much time together. The memories that Mareya constantly encouraged and comforted me crowded into my mind. And it was also Mareya who created Franky, the lovely elephant to help me overcome my fear. I even didn’t need to write down my gratitude because the words just poured out as my eyes fell on her. After my speech, she came up to me and firmly said " That’ s what friends do !”
【解析】
【分析】本文是人物为线索展开，讲述了作者因为老师布置的作业而发愁，因为老师让他们周末在家写一篇他/她要感谢的人的文章，并且周一在班里和大家分享。而作者害怕在全班同学目前演讲，所以就找她的好朋友Mareya抱怨，Mareya就想办法帮助她克服这个心理障碍。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“这就是发生的准确事情。”可知，第一段可描写作者到Mareya的家，Mareya帮助她如何写那篇文章的事情。
②由第二段首句内容“然而，周一早上的时候，我还是觉得说说Mareya。”可知，第二段可描写作者为什么要说Mareya是她很感谢的人。
2.续写线索：作者到Mareya的家——Mareya教给她如何写要感谢的人——Mareya让作者写她的妈妈——作者决定写Mareya是她感谢的人——回忆Mareya对她的帮助——两个人都很高兴——演讲很成功
3.词汇激活
行为类
①准备：get prepared for/make preparations for
②鼓起勇气：muster up courage/get one’s courage up
情绪类
①好奇：curiously/with curiosity
②感激：be grateful to/ express my gratitude to
【点睛】[高分句型1]She told me she was grateful to her grandma, who took great pains to bring her up despite poor health.（由省略连词that引导的宾语从句和who引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]I was so immersed in her talk that I didn't t notice she had finished it until she patted my shoulder. （由so…that…引导的结果状语从句和until引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型3]Though it was true that there were many people I was grateful to, I thought it was Mareya that I should express my gratitude to the here and now. （由that引导的主语从句、省略连词that/whom的定语从句和it was…that…引导的强调句型）
[高分句型4]Then I recalled good times spent with Mareya and how she managed to help me out whenever I was in trouble. （由how引导的宾语从句和whenever引导的让步状语从句）
听力答案：1-5 CCAAC 6- 10 CBBAC 11- 15 AABCA 16-20 CBAAA
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