2022届河南省南阳市高三上学期期中考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2022届河南省南阳市高三上学期期中考试英语试题含解析，共25页。试卷主要包含了 本试卷分第 I 卷两部分等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022届河南省南阳市高三上学期期中考试英语试题
说 明：
1. 本试卷分第 I 卷（选择题，满分 100 分）和第 II 卷（非选择题，满分 50 分）两部分。
2. 将所有答案均按题号填涂或填写在答题卡或答题纸相应的答题处，否则不得分。满分 150分，考试时间 120 分钟。
第 I 卷（选择题，共 100 分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面的5段对话。每段对话后都有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How did the woman usually go to school?
A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By bike.
2. Why did Cathy call the woman?
A. To borrow magazines.
B. To make an invitation.
C. To get her magazines back.
3. Where did the woman spend her summer holiday?
A. In Beijing. B. In Tokyo. C. In London.
4. What’s the relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Boss and secretary. C. Colleagues.
5. What does the man mean?
A. He can’t let out the information.
B. The woman failed the exam.
C. Dr. Wilson doesn’t want to be disturbed.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What happened to Mike?
A. He broke his right foot.
B. He was hurt accidentally.
C. He played basketball yesterday.
7. What’s the relationship between Tom and Mike?
A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Workmates.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What does the woman want to do?
A Attend a meeting.
B. Ask for leave.
C. Invite the man to visit Mr. Green.
9. Where is the woman’s grandma?
A. At home. B. In the office. C. In the hospital.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. How does the man like learning Chinese?
A. It’s easier and easier.
B. He’s more and more interested in it.
C. It’s as difficult as learning European languages.
11. What are the woman’s difficulties in learning English?
A. Writing and listening.
B. Spelling and writing.
C. Spelling and pronunciation.
12. What does the man say about the woman’s spoken English?
A. Good. B. Strange. C. Poor.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. What will the girl do tonight?
A. Go over her lessons. B. See a movie. C. Attend an exam.
14. What do we know about Miss Smith?
A. She talks quickly and seldom repeats things.
B. She is the girl’s favorite teacher.
C. She teaches English.
15. Who doesn’t like history?
A. The girl. B. Jim. C. The boy.
16. How often does the girl’s class have a history test?
A. Once a month. B. Twice a month. C. Once a week.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. What does the speaker say about popular restaurants?
A. They are open 24 hours a day.
B. They accept checks for payment.
C. They may not accept reservations.
18. What’s the drinking age in America?
A. 21. B. 20. C. 15.
19. How much should you tip for superior service?
A. Less than 15% of the total bill.
B. About 20% of the total bill.
C. Over 25% of the total bill.
20. What can we learn from the monologue?
A. Americans smoke less than Europeans.
B. Asians smoke less than Europeans.
C. The legal smoking age in America is 16.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、 B、 C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Hollywood is looking East. And not just for ticket buyers. It is putting more and more Chinese elements into its productions. Chinese elements are playing an important role in Western films. Here, we list just a few of these elements.
The Chinese people
Hollywood has a history of casting Caucasian (白种人) actors for films where the race of the character is anything but white. Now, things are changing bit by bit. Kung fu superstar Bruce Lee was perhaps the first Chinese face Hollywood got familiar with. Action stars Jackie Chan, Chow Yun-fat and Jet Lee followed his footsteps. More and more ethnically Chinese faces were introduced to the silver screen around the world.
Symbols of China
Kung fu seems to be an element immediately associated with China.This also shows in films. The Karate Kid, starring Jackie Chan and actor Will Smiths son Jaden Smith, tells the story of how a boy, who was bullied at school, changed the course of his life after learning martial arts from a car mechanic (played by Chan). The film earned more than 1.6 billion yuan in ticket sales in China.
The Chinese language
Actor Bruce Willis showed his language skills in the film Red, where he said “A few years ago, I lived in Wuhan” in Chinese. This caused quite a stir in the theatres for Chinese audiences. Willis is not the only one who has spoken Chinese on the big screen. In Pearl Harbour, Alec Baldwin taught American soldiers how to say "I am an American " in Chinese. Nicolas Cage also delivered one of his most recognized lines “I prefer to shoot"in Chinese in Lord of War.
1. Why does Hollywood look East ?
A. Chinese film industry develops better.
B. Hollywood intends to attract more ticket buyers.
C. Hollywood finds it valuable to cooperate with China.
D. Chinese elements make a big difference to Hollywood.
2. Which Chinese actor did Hollywood first become familiar with ?
A. Chow Yun-fat B. Jackie Chan C. Bruce Lee D. Will Smiths
3. Who spoke the lines in Chinese in Pearl Harbour ?
A. Bruce Willis B. Alec Baldwin C. Nicolas Cage D. Jaden Smith
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了好莱坞看向东方的现象，除了票房影响，中国元素对西方电影有很大的影响，其中主要的几个元素有：中国人、中国标志、中文。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“And not just for ticket buyers. It is putting more and more Chinese elements into its productions. Chinese elements are playing an important role in Western films. （而且不仅仅是购票者。它把越来越多的中国元素融入到自己的作品中。中国元素在西方电影中扮演着重要的角色）”可知，好莱坞看向东方世界，不仅仅是为了票房，还中国元素在西方电影中扮演了很重要的角色，即中国元素对好莱坞影响很大，故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Kung fu superstar Bruce Lee was perhaps the first Chinese face Hollywood got familiar with.（功夫巨星李小龙可能是好莱坞熟悉的第一张中国面孔）”可知，被好莱坞熟悉的第一张中国面孔是李小龙。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段第四句“In Pearl Harbour, Alec Baldwin taught American soldiers how to say "I am an American " in Chinese. （在《珍珠港》中，亚历克·鲍德温教美国士兵如何用中文说“我是美国人”）”可知，在《珍珠港》电影说中文的是Alec Baldwin。故选B项。
B
At the first exhibition of Henri Rousseau’s paintings in 1886, the public laughed out loud, and critics made fun of his original, unschooled style, one writing "Monsieur Rousseau paints with his feet, and his eyes covered.”
Despite heavy criticism throughout his life, Rousseau kept painting, confident in his gift. He never received formal training in the arts because his family was too poor. For more than twenty years, he worked at the Paris customs office. It wasn’t until the age of 40 that he took up the brush, teaching himself to paint by copying works at the Louvre and studying nature. “Nothing makes me so happy as to observe nature and to paint what I see.” he said.
Though his best-known paintings are of jungle scenes with monkeys, lions, and small woods, Rousseau never left France or saw a jungle. To paint foreign plants and animals, he relied on books, botanical gardens(植物园) in Paris,and his imagination. "When I go into the glasshouse and I see the strange plants of faraway lands,” he once said, "it seems to me that I enter into a dream.”
Rousseau claimed to have invented a new style of painting called the landscape-portrait, in which he paints a background view and then adds a person in the foreground later, as he did in Myself: Portrait-Landscape (1890).
Called a naive (天真) artist due to his childlike, untrained style, Rousseau painted colors one at a time, starting from the top and working his way down. While critics described his works as flat and inexact descriptions of nature, he earned the respect of artists like Pablo Picasso and Wassily Kandinsky, who thought Rousseau was onto something new.
Though his work was never accepted by the art world in his time, Rousseau’s paintings hang in museums around the world today. And Rousseau’s original approach to art has inspired countless artists to follow their own unique views.
4. Why did Rousseau have no formal training in arts?
A. Because he preferred painting in his own way.
B. Because he was afraid of being criticized by others.
C. Because his family couldn’t afford the training.
D. Because there were more to be found in nature.
5. What can we learn about Rousseau?
A. He was unwilling to develop a personal style.
B. He moved to a jungle to study nature.
C. He came from an artistic family.
D. He was indeed a self-taught painter.
6. What is Rousseau' s art like?
A. It is black-and-white. B. It is simple and original.
C. It presents social reality. D. It employs persons in the background.
7. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A. Rousseau ’s works have now been recognized.
B. Rousseau earned a good reputation in his time.
C. Rousseau encouraged young artists to follow his footsteps.
D. Rousseau’s paintings have hardly ever been shown in museums.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了法国画家亨利卢梭和他独创的绘画方式。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“He never received formal training in the arts because his family was too poor.(由于家境贫寒，他从未接受过正式的艺术训练。)”可知，卢梭没有接受过正式的艺术培训是因为他的家庭负担不起培训费用。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“He never received formal training in the arts because his family was too poor.(由于家境贫寒，他从未接受过正式的艺术训练。)”以及“It wasn’t until the age of 40 that he took up the brush, teaching himself to paint by copying works at the Louvre and studying nature. (直到40岁时，他才拿起画笔，通过在卢浮宫临摹作品和研究自然来自学绘画。)”可知，卢梭是自学成才的画家。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Rousseau claimed to have invented a new style of painting called the landscape-portrait(卢梭声称自己发明了一种新的绘画风格，叫做风景肖像画，)”和第五段“Called a naive (天真) artist due to his childlike, untrained style(由于他的风格幼稚，未经训练，被称为天真的艺术家)”可知，卢梭的作品具有独特的原创风格，但是因为没有接受正规的教育培训，有些人认为他的作品天真、孩子气。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Though his work was never accepted by the art world in his time, Rousseau’s paintings hang in museums around the world today.(尽管卢梭的作品从未被当时的艺术界所接受，但他的作品如今仍被挂在世界各地的博物馆里。)”及全文我们可知，虽然卢梭的作品在当时没有得到社会的认可与肯定，但是他的作品现在在全球很多博物馆被展出，说明卢梭的作品现在已经得到认可。故选A。
C
A new study suggests that 98 percent of Emperor penguin groups may be pushed close to extinction by the year 2100. And about 70 percent of their groups will be in danger by 2050. The research was published in the journal Global Change Biology.
The US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS)recently announced a plan to list the Emperor penguins as threatened under the Endangered Species Act. Stephanie Jenouvrier , who is a penguin ecologist said that Emperor penguins need secure sea ice to reproduce, to feed and to molt. Molting is the replacement of their old feathers with new ones.
The new study looked at overall warming developments and the increasing likelihood of extreme weather changes because of global warming. The study noted that extremely low levels of sea ice in 2016 led to a large reproduction failure of an Emperor penguin group in Antarctica's Halley Bay. That year, seasonal sea ice broke up before young penguins had time to develop waterproof adult feathers. About 10,000 baby birds drowned, Jenouvrier said. The group did not recover afterwards.
Emperor penguins reproduce only in Antarctica during winter. Temperatures can reach minus 40 degrees Celsius, and wind speeds can reach 144 kilometers per hour. The penguins survive by gathering in groups of several thousand birds. But they cannot survive without enough sea ice.
The U.S. government has listed other species outside the country as threatened, including the polar bear. Polar bears live in Arctic areas and are also threatened by climate change and sea ice loss.
Placing Emperor penguins on the threatened list provides protections, such as a ban against importing them for business purposes. Possible effects on the penguins must also be studied by U.S. sea fisheries currently operating in Antarctica. Martha Williams, principal deputy director of the U.S. FWS said “climate change affects many animal species around the world.” She added, "The decisions made by policymakers today and during the next few decades will determine the fate of the Emperor penguin."
8. What does the underlined word “likelihood” in Para.3 mean ?
A. Disappearance B. significance C. probability D. barriers
9. What caused the large reproduction failure of an Emperor penguin group ?
A. Being short of enough sea ice.
B. Lacking adequate food to feed.
C. The Antarctica being extremely cold.
D. Not having waterproof adult feathers.
10. What can you infer about the Emperor penguin from the passage ?
A. The Emperor penguin will die out by the year 2100.
B. The Emperor penguin can survive by gathering in groups.
C. The future of the Emperor penguin is under complete control.
D. The authority has taken action to protect the Emperor penguin.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text ?
A. Emperor penguins and polar bears are listed as threatened
B. Melting ice threatens Emperor penguins’ environment
C. How Emperor penguins survive in extreme weather conditions
D. Climate change affects many animal species all over the world
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明海冰不断融化威胁帝企鹅的生存环境。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据本句“The new study looked at overall warming developments and the increasing likelihood of extreme weather changes because of global warming.（这项新研究关注了全球变暖的总体发展，以及全球变暖导致极端天气变化的可能性增加。）”由语境可知，可猜测出由于全球变暖导致极端天气变化的“可能性”增加，故此处意为“可能性”。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The study noted that extremely low levels of sea ice in 2016 led to a large reproduction failure of an Emperor penguin group in Antarctica's Halley Bay.（该研究指出，2016年极低的海冰水平导致南极哈雷湾的帝企鹅群体大规模繁殖失败。）”可知，缺少足够的海冰是导致帝企鹅群体的大规模繁殖失败的原因。故选A项。
10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“The US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS)recently announced a plan to list the Emperor penguins as threatened under the Endangered Species Act（美国鱼类和野生动物管理局最近宣布了一项计划，将帝企鹅列入《濒危物种法案》的濒危物种名单。）”和第五段第一句“The U.S. government has listed other species outside the country as threatened, including the polar bear.（美国政府已经将包括北极熊在内的其他物种列为濒危物种。）”可以推断出，当局已经采取行动保护帝企鹅。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段前两句内容“A new study suggests that 98 percent of Emperor penguin groups may be pushed close to extinction by the year 2100. And about 70 percent of their groups will be in danger by 2050.（一项新的研究表明，到2100年，98%的帝企鹅群体可能会濒临灭绝。到2050年，大约70%的群体将处于危险之中。）”以及根据第三段第一句内容“The new study looked at overall warming developments and the increasing likelihood of extreme weather changes because of global warming.（这项新研究关注了全球变暖的总体发展，以及全球变暖导致极端天气变化的可能性增加。）”可知，文章主要讲由于全球变暖，海冰不断融化，帝企鹅赖以生存的环境受到很大威胁并在未来几十年面临灭绝的情况。因此B项“Melting ice threatens Emperor penguins’ environment（融化的冰威胁着帝企鹅的生存环境）”为最合适的标题。故选B项。
D
We’ve had waves of panic around technology for decades, whether it is comic books or video games. Now it happens to be social media. And the fact of the matter is that parents and teachers, who are trying to raise their kids in the face of these panics, are being poorly served by the government when it comes to getting meaningful advice.
It's not that social media is good or bad for people. It's that the science of social media and mental health is broken. We need to do research, but we shouldn’t be approaching it from the perspective that the world is ending. We need to be curious and open to the possibility of its effects, positive and negative.
The danger for policymakers or parents is that if you pretend that social media is a problem, without having evidence, and you take steps to regulate it, the intervention (妨碍）could end up being really bad for young people. You might be taking away a lifeline for vulnerable (脆弱的) kids or free them of their human right to play, which is morally reprehensible（受谴责的) at the best of times, let alone during a pandemic.
So that's why I'm not going to tell you that I know social media is bad. It's perfectly reasonable for parents and teachers to be concerned about social media, but it's unavoidable and young people are going to encounter it sooner or later. So what would you rather do: keep them in the dark and leave them ill-equipped to deal with it or let them learn about social media with your help and support? It's a little like learning to ride a bike. Bikes can be huge fun to ride, but you can also hurt yourself on them, which is why you don't just give your kid a bike and a helmet and wish them good luck. You help them learn to ride. Similarly, you're not asking your 14-year-old daughter to choose between telling you someone scary is messaging her or losing her phone. You need to treat it like anything else that can hurt you, but can also connect you.
12. What does this wave of panic refer to now according to the passage ?
A. Technology B. Comic books C. Video games D. Social media
13. What should we do to help our children?
A. Give them some instructions
B. Ask the experts for help
C. Go to the special treatment center
D. Free them of their human right to play
14. What is the author’s attitude towards the social media?
A. Doubtful B. Supportive C. Neutral D. Indifferent
15. Which of the following statements does the author agree with ?
A. Parents should let children learn about social media on their own.
B. The world is ending as a result of the negative effects of social meaia.
C. Parents should be cautious when regulating children’s using social media.
D. Parents are advised not to give kids helmets when they learn to ride a bike.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了社交媒体带来的科技恐慌。社交媒体无所谓好坏，决策者和家长应该给予孩子们正确的指导。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的第一、二句“We’ve had waves of panic around technology for decades, whether it is comic books or video games. Now it happens to be social media.（几十年来，无论是漫画书还是电子游戏，我们都经历了一波又一波的科技恐慌。现在是社交媒体。）”可知，目前新一波的科技恐慌来自社交媒体。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“So what would you rather do: keep them in the dark and leave them ill-equipped to deal with it or let them learn about social media with your help and support? It's a little like learning to ride a bike.（所以，你更愿意做什么呢：把他们蒙在黑暗中，让他们无法应对，还是让他们在你的帮助和支持下了解社交媒体? 这有点像学骑自行车。）”可知，面对社交媒体，我们应该给予孩子们支持，就像孩子们学习骑自行车一样。因此，给予孩子们指导符合文意，故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“It's not that social media is good or bad for people. It's that the science of social media and mental health is broken.（这并不是说社交媒体对人们是好是坏。而是社交媒体和心理健康的科学被打破了。）”可知，社交媒体本身无所谓好坏。再者，根据第二段最后一句“We need to be curious and open to the possibility of its effects, positive and negative.（我们需要对其可能产生的积极和消极影响保持好奇和开放的心态。）”可知，作者认为社交媒体所产生的影响既有积极的一面也有消极的一面，因此，作者对于社交媒体的态度是中立的，故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句“So what would you rather do: keep them in the dark and leave them ill-equipped to deal with it or let them learn about social media with your help and support?（所以，你更愿意做什么呢：把他们蒙在黑暗中，让他们无法应对，还是让他们在你的帮助和支持下了解社交媒体?）”可知，作者通过反义疑问句的形式说明，家长不能让孩子们独自应对社交媒体带来的影响，因此A选项与原文意思相反，故排除。同时，根据最后一段第四句“…which is why you don't just give your kid a bike and a helmet and wish them good luck.（这就是为什么你不能给你的孩子一辆自行车和一个头盔并祝他们好运呢？）”可知，作者通过举例论证和反义疑问句的形式表明，家长应该给予孩子帮助，因此排除选项D。根据第二段的第三、四句“We need to do research, but we shouldn’t be approaching it from the perspective that the world is ending. We need to be curious and open to the possibility of its effects, positive and negative.（我们需要做研究，但我们不应该从世界末日的角度来看待它。我们需要对其可能产生的积极和消极影响保持好奇和开放的心态。）”可知，作者不赞同世界末日归因于社交网络，因此排除选项B。根据第三段第一句“The danger for policymakers or parents is that if you pretend that social media is a problem, without having evidence, and you take steps to regulate it, the intervention (妨碍）could end up being really bad for young people.（决策者或父母面临的危险是如果你认为社交媒体是一个问题，但是没有证据，你就采取措施来规范它，那么这种干预最终可能真地害了年轻人。）”可知，作者认为家长干预孩子接触社交媒体的行为应该慎之又慎，故选C项。
第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项， 选项中有两项为多余选项。
It goes without saying that plastic is killing our planet.____16____. Here are some ways you can do your part for the earth:
Go cupless
Plenty of restaurants and cafes are now rewarding their customers with discounted drinks. ____17____. Many cups for hot drinks are advertised as recyclable. Skip out the fuss and simply bring your own for a guilt free and cheaper coffee
Buy local
A brilliant way to avoid buying needless plastic is to buy fresh produce from local shops. Supermarkets contribute more than 800,000 tonnes of plastic packaging waste every year.____18____.
Cut down on packaging
Companies such as Lush are passionate about bringing beautiful eco-friendly products to their customers and have very little packaging. Get to know the companies you buy from. ____19____.You may get to be surprised at the recycling options they give
____20____.
It has become the norm on a shopping trip to buy many cleaning products. But, there’s a safer and more eco-friendly way to go about it. Cut out the packaging and harmful ingredients by creating natural products of your own. You can make the cleaning products all by yourself.
A. Work together
B. Do a little DIY
C. Get to support them
D. And most products they sell include avoidable plastic
E. By buying locally you reduce the waste and support locals
F. The only condition is that they bring in their own reusable cups
G. It's true that we’ve started to take notice but so much more needs to be done
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. E 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍生活中如何减少使用塑料。
【16题详解】
根据前句“It goes without saying that plastic is killing our planet.(不用说，塑料正在毁灭我们的星球。)”和后句“Here are some ways you can do your part for the earth( 这里有一些你可以为地球尽一份力的方法)”可知，我们已经注意到塑料的危害，且可以采取一定的措施。所以选择项G“It's true that we’ve started to take notice but so much more needs to be done(的确，我们已经开始注意到这一点，但还有很多事情需要做)”符合上下文语境。故答案为G。
【17题详解】
根据小标题“Go cupless (无纸杯化)”和后文“Many cups for hot drinks are advertised as recyclable. Skip out the fuss and simply bring your own for a guilt free and cheaper coffee.(许多热饮的杯子都被宣传为可回收的。不要大惊小怪，只要自己带就可以了，这样既不会有罪恶感又便宜)”建议顾客自己带杯子。 所以选择项F“The only condition is that they bring in their own reusable cups (唯一的条件是他们携带自己的可重复使用的杯子)”符合上下文语境。故答案为F。
【18题详解】
根据前文“A brilliant way to avoid buying needless plastic is to buy fresh produce from local shops. Supermarkets contribute more than 800,000 tons of plastic packaging waste every year. (避免购买不必要的塑料的一个聪明的方法是从当地商店购买新鲜的农产品。超市每年产生的塑料包装垃圾超过80万吨)”可知，建议购买当地产品。所以选择项E“By buying locally you reduce the waste and support locals (通过在当地购买，你可以减少浪费并支持当地居民)”符合上下文语境。故答案为E。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Companies such as Lush are passionate about bringing beautiful eco-friendly products to their customers and have very little packaging. Get to know the companies you buy from. (像Lush这样的公司热衷于将漂亮的环保产品带给他们的客户，并且几乎没有包装。了解你购买的公司)”和后句“You may get to be surprised at the recycling options they give (你可能会对他们提供的回收选择感到惊讶)”可知，建议支持没有产品包装的公司。所以选择项C“Get to support them (去支持它们)”符合上下文语境。该句中的“them”即指代“the companies”，故答案为C。
【20题详解】
该句为下文小标题，与上文各个小标题形成并列关系，且对下文内容做出总结。根据下文“Cut out the packaging and harmful ingredients by creating natural products of your own. You can make the cleaning products all by yourself. (通过创造你自己的天然产品，去掉包装和有害成分。你可以自己做清洁用品)”可知，本段陈述可以自己动手做些用品。所以选择项B“Do a little DIY (自己动手做一点)”符合题意，可以作为小标题。故答案为B。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分)
第一节(共 20 小题，每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中。选出最佳选项。
I used to watch her play basketball and laugh. The boys always tried to stop her but ____21____. No one could. At other times she would practice dribbling and shooting ____22____ until dark. She desired to go to college and the only way was to get a(an) ____23____ by being one of the best players. ____24____, one day in her senior year, the coach told her that she would probably ____25____ get to play for a top ranked team for being too short----____26____ less offered a scholarship.
She was heartbroken and I felt my own throat ____27____ as I sensed her disappointment. Her father encouraged that those coaches were ____28____. They just did not understand the ____29____ of a dream.“ If you really wished to achieve something, nothing could stop you except one thing---your own _____30_____ . If the dream is big enough, the facts don't _____31_____. Keep dreaming!" Then she smiled and ran towards the court to continue the _____32_____ .
The next year, as she and her team went to the Northern California Championship game, she was seen by a college _____33_____ who was there looking at the opposing team. She was indeed _____34_____ a scholarship. She was going to get the college education that she had _____35_____ and worked toward for all those years. And that little girl had more playing time as a freshman and sophomore than any other woman did in the history of that university. All the teachers were _____36_____ with her diligence and rapid progress.
Every time she wanted to _____37_____ , she remembered her father’s words and she will continue to _____38_____ her dream. After work she can still be found sometimes as the sun is _____39_____, bouncing a basketball. And often I hear her tell others, "If the dream is big enough, the _____40_____ don’t count.”
21. A. succeeded B. defeated C. passed D. failed
22. A. repeatedly B. accidentally C. occasionally D. naturally
23. A. diploma B. scholarship C. admission D. training
24. A. Besides B. Meanwhile C. However D. Therefore
25. A. only B. ever C. merely D. never
26. A. much B. yet C. alone D. already
27 A. ache B. tighten C. dry D. itch
28. A. correct B. positive C. honest D. wrong
29. A. importance B. power C. imagination D. restriction
30. A. family B. skill C. attitude D. height
31. A. exist B. stand C. count D. debate
32. A. running B. shooting C. routine D. ambition
33. A. coach B. manager C. athlete D. consultant
34. A. indicated B. attached C. submitted D. allocated
35. A. heard of B. dreamed of C. thought of D. spoken of
36. A. enjoyable B. respectable C. thoughtful D. impressive
37. A. last B. decline C. quit D. fight
38. A. stick to B. wake up C. calm down D. think over
39. A. setting B. rising C. moving D. glowing
40. A. failure B. facts C. consequence D. target
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. D 35. B 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文，描写了一个身材矮小的小姑娘通过打篮球成功获得奖学金然后进入大学的励志故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些男孩尝试阻止她，但是失败了。A. succeeded成功；B. defeated打败；C. passed通过；D. failed失败。根据后文的“no one could”，可知男孩们不能阻止这个女孩，所以是失败了。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：其他时候，她会反复练习运球和投篮，直到天黑。A. repeatedly重复地；B. accidentally意外地；C. occasionally偶尔；D. naturally自然地。根据后文的“until dark”，可知女孩练习到天黑，所以是反复练习投球。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她渴望上大学，唯一的办法就是成为最好的运动员之一，以获得奖学金。A. diploma学位证书；B. scholarship奖学金；C. admission录取： D. training训练。根据第6空后文的“less offered a scholarship”，可知这里女孩是要获得奖学金才能去上大学。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，有一天，她的教练告诉她她太矮了，她几乎没有机会到一流的的球队去打球，更不用说获得奖学金了。A. Besides除了；B. Meanwhile与此同时；C. However然而；D. Therefore因此。根据后文的“she was heartbroken”，可知是坏消息，此处表示转折。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，有一天，她的教练告诉她她太矮了，她几乎没有机会到一流的的球队去打球，更不用说获得奖学金了。A. only只有；B. ever曾经；C. merely仅仅；D. never从不。此处表示进入球队的几率很小，故选never。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，有一天，她的教练告诉她她太矮了，她几乎没有机会到一流的的球队去打球，更不用说获得奖学金了。A. much很多；B. yet然而；C. alone独自；D. already已经。much less表示“更不用说”，是固定搭配。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她很伤心，我感到自己的喉咙发紧，因为我感觉到她的失望。A. ache疼痛；B. tighten变紧；C. dry使干燥；D. itch发痒。作者感同身受，所以自己也难受，因此喉咙变紧。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 她父亲说那些教练错了。A. correct正确的；B. positive积极的；C. honest成功的；D. wrong错误的。根据“they did not understand”，可知父亲认为教练错了。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们根本不懂得梦想的力量。A. importance重要性；B. power力量；C. imagination想象；D. restriction限制。根据下文的“If you really wished to achieve something, nothing could stop you”，可知梦想是有力量的。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你真的想实现某事，没有什么能够阻止你，除非你自己不愿意。A. family家庭；B. skill技巧；C. attitude态度；D. height高度。前文说没有什么能阻止实现某事，此处应该是除非本人不愿意，即本人自己的态度。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：心中有目标，风雨不折腰。A. exist存在；B. stand站立；C. count重要；D. debate辩论。根据“"If the dream is big enough, the 　　　　　　　　　　 don’t count.””可知此处表示只要人自己心里面有目标，那么现实中的困难就不重要了。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她笑了笑，跑向球场继续投篮。A. running跑步；B. shooting投篮；C. routine常规；D. ambition抱负。根据前文“At other times she would practice dribbling and shooting”，可知此处表示继续练习投球。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她被一个在那里看着对方球队的大学顾问看到了。A. coach教练；B. manager经理；C. athlete运动员; D. consultant顾问。根据后文，小女孩获得了奖学金，所以是被大学顾问看中。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她确实被分配了奖学金。A. indicated表明；B. attached附上；C. submitted主张；D. allocated分配，拨款。此处指大学给女孩分配奖学金，D项符合句意。故选D项
【35题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她将接受她梦寐以求并为之奋斗多年的大学教育。A. heard of听说；B. dreamed of梦想；C. thought of认为；D. spoken of说到。上大学是女孩的梦想。故选B项。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的勤奋和快速进步给所有老师留下了深刻的印象。A. enjoyable令人愉快的；B. respectable受尊敬的；C. thoughtful考虑周到的；D. impressive印象深刻的。前文说女孩比任何女性都要特殊，所以这给老师留下深刻印象。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当她想放弃时，她就会想起父亲的话，然后会继续坚持她的梦想。A. last持续；B. decline减少；C. quit放弃；D. fight打架。根据后文的“she remembered her father’s words and she will continue to”，可知是每当女孩想放弃时。故选C项。
【38题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：每当她想放弃时，她就会想起父亲的话，然后会继续坚持她的梦想。A. stick to坚持；B. wake up醒来；C. calm down静下来；D. think over仔细考虑。女孩想起父亲鼓励自己的话，所以是继续坚持。故选A项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：下班后，有时在夕阳西下时，还能看到她弹着篮球。A. setting（日、月）落沉；B. rising升起；C. moving移动；D. glowing发红。此处照应前文的“At other times she would practice dribbling and shooting ____2____ until dark.”，所以这里是日落后，女孩还在练习。故选A项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：心中有目标，风雨不折腰。A. failure失败；B. facts事实；C. consequence结果；D. target目标。此处照应前文“ If the dream is big enough, the facts don't ____11____. ”。故选B项。
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题,共 50 分）
第二节(共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Crew members of the Shenzhou XII mission returned to Earth on Friday afternoon, ____41____ (conclude) a historic journey in China's Tiangong space station.
Nie Haisheng and his crew spent 92 days in space since the Shenzhou XII spacecraft ____42____(launch) at the Jiuquan center on June 17. They were the first inhabitants of China's permanent space station ____43____(name) Tiangong, or Heavenly Palace.
During____44____(them) stay in Tiangong, the astronauts carried out two extravehicular activities, or spacewalks, using a large robotic arm and other ____45____(equip) to install and adjust devices outside the station. They also performed a number of scientific experiments and technological tests, and had video calls with President Xi Jinping and hundreds of researchers, teachers and students in Hong Kong.
It is a ____46____ (fruit) trip by any measure, ____47____ proves China's ability to provide a long-term living environment in space. Their work also prepares China for the next steps in its construction. “So far China's manned space programs ____48____ (contribute) greatly to mankind's peaceful development of outer space ____49____ the country will continue broadening and deepening its cooperation and communication with the international community to build the Chinese space station _______50_______ a shared laboratory to bring benefits to all people on the globe.” Zhao Lijian, a spokesman for the Foreign Ministry, told reporters.
【答案】41. concluding
42. was launched
43. named 44. their
45. equipment
46. fruitful
47. which 48. have contributed
49. and 50. into
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述中国神舟12号载人航天飞船在太空中遨游92天后成功着陆的事情。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国神舟12号宇宙飞船在周五下午带着飞船上的全体航天员安全回到地球，给在中国天宫空间站的历史性的旅行画上了圆满的句号。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里应该填表示主谓关系的非谓语动词形式，表示自然而然的结果。故填concluding。
【42题详解】
考查谓语动词时态和被动语态。句意：自从6月17日神舟12号飞船被发射升空开始，聂海胜和他的航天员们在太空中度过了整整92天。根据连词“since”可知，此空需要谓语动词；根据这句话的时间状语“on June 17”可知，要用一般过去式；根据句子意思可知，宇宙飞船是被发射；根据主语“the Shenzhou XII spacecraft”可知，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填was launched。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们是被叫做“天宫”的中国永久空间站的第一批居民。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里应该填表示动宾关系的非谓语动词形式。故填named。
【44题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在他们在天宫空间站呆着的期间，这些航天员们实施了2次出舱活动，即太空行走，借助一根很长的机械臂和其它的设备进行舱外的设备安装和调整。根据句子结构可知，此空后面是名词“stay”，所以，前面要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故填their。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意见第4题详解。根据句子结构可知，此空前面是形容词“other”，所以，空格上要填名词。equipment不可数，故填equipment。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意：无论按照哪种标准来说，这都是一次成果丰硕的旅行，它证明了中国可以提供一个长期的太空居住环境的能力。根据句子结构可知，此空后面是名词“trip”，所以，前面要用形容词修饰名词，“硕果累累的”为fruitful。故填fruitful。
【47题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意见第6题详解。根据句子结构可知，这句话是非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句的内容，在从句中做主语，所以关系代词要用which。故填which。
【48题详解】
考查现在完成时。句意：他们的工作也为祖国下一阶段的建设做好了准备。中国外交部发言人赵立坚在采访中说：“到目前为止，中国的载人航天项目为人类在外太空的和平发展做出了巨大的贡献，并且，我们国家也将继续为开拓和加深这方面和世界团体的合作和交流，把中国空间站建立成为一个共享的实验基地，造福全人类。”根据这句话开头的时间状语“So far”到目前为止的意思可知，这句话的谓语动词要用现在完成时；同时，主语China's manned space programs的中心词是复数名词programs，所以谓语动词要用复数形式。故填have contributed。
【49题详解】
考查并列连词。句意见第8题详解。根据句意和上下文意思可知，这里需要一个并列连词连接上下文的结构，故填and。
【50题详解】
考查介词。句意见第8题详解。根据“build the Chinese space station ____10____a shared laboratory”的结构和意思可知，这里考查短语“build…into…”把……建成为……。故填into。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 35 分)
第一节 短文改错 （共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起不计分）
Great changes had taken place in our city over the past few years.
It's obvious that it takes on an new look. First of all, fantastically parks and squares are built in the city. There also exists various transportation means, make it convenient to travel around. More importantly, our inner quality improves because society provides us more access to education. Beside, the environment we are living in is becoming more and more beautiful, which adds a lot of to people's overall happy.
In a word, it's the joint efforts of every citizen who make our city better and better.
【答案】1. had→have
2. an→a
3. fantastically→fantastic
4. exists→exist
5. make→making
6. 在us后加with
7. Beside→Besides
8. 删除of
9. happy→happiness
10.who→that
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。在过去的几年中，我们城市发生了巨大的变化，有了新的面貌。
【详解】1.考查时态。句意：在过去几年中，我们城市发生了巨大的变化。over the past few years 作时间状语应用现在完成时。故将had改为have。
2.考查冠词。句意：很明显，它呈现出一种新面貌。冠词后面的new是以辅音音素开头，因此应用a。故将an改为a。
3.考查形容词。句意：首先，城市里建起了奇妙的公园和广场。分析句子可知，此处修饰名词parks and squares，要用形容词。故将fantastically改为fantastic。
4.考查主谓一致。句意：还有各种各样的交通工具，使它很方便到处旅行。分析句子可知，本句是倒装句，主语是means，是复数，因此谓语动词要用复数形式。故将exists改为exist。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：还有各种各样的交通工具，使它很方便到处旅行。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词exist，因此需用make 的非谓语形式，make和主语means之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，因此用making。故将make改为making。
6.考查介词。句意：更重要的是，我们的内在素质提高了，因为社会为我们提供了更多受教育的机会。provide sb. with sth.为固定短语，意为“为某人提供某物”。故在us后加with 。
7.考查副词。句意：此外，我们生活的环境正变得越来越美丽，这大大增加了人们的整体幸福感。分析句子可知，besides是副词，意为“此外”，在句中作状语，而beside是介词“在……旁边”，后接名词做地点状语。故将Beside改为Besides。
8.考查副词。句意：此外，我们生活的环境正变得越来越美丽，这大大增加了人们的整体幸福感。分析句子可知，此处a lot做副词修饰前面的动词adds，因此不需要加of。故将of删除。
9.考查名词。句意：此外，我们生活的环境正变得越来越美丽，这大大增加了人们的整体幸福感。分析句子可知，形容词overall 做定语修饰后面的名词。故将happy改为happiness。
10.考查连词。句意：总之，是每个公民的共同努力，使我们的城市变得越来越好。分析句子可知，此处为强调句型，被强调部分是the joint efforts of every citizen为物，而不是强调人，因此用that。故将who改为that。
第二节 书面表达 （满分 25 分）
52. 今年7月，我省遭受特大水灾，损失惨重，全国人民纷纷捐钱捐物，帮助河南人民渡过难关；9月25日，经过不懈努力，孟晚舟在被拘押三年后终于平安回到祖国。所有这一切，都让我们身为中国人而感到骄傲和自豪。请以I am proud to be a Chinese为题，写一篇演讲稿。
内容包括：1. 自豪的原因；
2. 对你的启发。
注意：1.词数100左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇detain 拘留 扣押
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I am proud to be a Chinese
Recently, I am always thinking about the fact that I’m so lucky to be a Chinese. And I am proud to be a Chinese.
The people in our country always unite together to get through difficulties no matter what tough times we face. For example, in July this year, our province was hit by a huge flood which made our province suffer great losses. However, people all over the country donated money and materials, which helped the people in Henan Province get over the difficulties. Besides, there is another thing that makes me so proud of being a Chinese. On September 25th, after unremitting efforts, Meng Wanzhou finally returned to our country safely after being detained for three years. Our government made great efforts to help Meng Wanzhou come back to the motherland.
All of these things make me feel proud to be a Chinese. We always have our powerful country and people behind us. So being a teenage, we should work hard to make great contributions to our country and people in the future.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以I am proud to be a Chinese为题，写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：自豪的原因；对你的启发。
【详解】1.词汇积累
幸运的：lucky→fortunate
艰难的：tough→difficult
巨大的：huge→massive
克服：get over→overcome
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Our government made great efforts to help Meng Wanzhou come back to the motherland.
拓展句：Our government made great efforts to help Meng Wanzhou come back to the motherland, which makes every Chinese feel proud.
【点睛】[高分句型1] For example, in July this year, our province was hit by a huge flood which made our province suffer great losses. (运用了which引导的限定性定语从句)
[高分句型2] However, people all over the country donated money and materials, which helped our people of Henan province get over the difficulties. (运用了which引导非限定性定语从句)