2020年中考英语分类汇编 专题15 完形填空 考点3 说明建议类（解析版）

2019年中考真题英语分项汇编

（一）【2020 • 贵州省黔东南州中考】

Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, nearly 50% of the people are shy, and almost 80% feel shy at some points in their lives. Why are people___41___?

It is found that family size might ___42___ people to be shy. Kids with no ___43___ or sisters may be shy. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to ___44___ the same social skills as kids from big families.

Another cause of shyness might be ___45___. As more and more people use the Internet, they ___46___ less time outside. As a result, they lose chances to communicate with others. ___47___ to new people face to face can make them feel nervous.

For shy people, it can be___48___to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But scientists say you can overcome your shyness. They suggest trying ___49___ things and practicing more conversations.

Anyway, don't be ____50____ of shyness——you are valued for what you are!

41. A. interested B. bored C. shy D. brave

42. A. want B. cause C. teach D. let

43. A. teachers B. friends C. classmates D. brothers

44. A. stand B. invent C. buy D. develop

45. A. praise B. decision C. technology D. dream

46. A. design B. spend C. collect D. save

47. A. Nodding B. Running C. Speaking D. Jumping

48. A. easy B. safe C. dangerous D. difficult

49. A. new B. private C. wrong D. heavy

50. A. afraid B. fond C. proud D. full

【文章大意】本文介绍了人们害羞的原因，并提出了克服害羞的一些建议。

41.C【解析】句意：人们为什么会害羞呢？interested感兴趣的；bored无聊的；shy害羞的；brave勇敢的。根据前文In fact, nearly 50% of the people are shy, and almost 80% feel shy at some points in their lives“事实上，50%的人们是害羞的，几乎80%的人在生活的某一时刻感到害羞”，可知，此处是根据这些数据来提出问题“为什么人们会害羞呢”，所以空格处填shy。故选C。

42.B【解析】句意：研究发现，家庭规模可能会导致人们害羞。want想要；cause导致；teach教；let让。根据上文Why are people shy，可知，此处是回答什么原因导致了人们害羞，所以空格处填cause。故选B。

43.D【解析】句意：没有兄弟姐妹的孩子可能会害羞。teachers老师们；friends朋友们；classmates同学们；brothers兄弟们。or在否定句中连接两个并列关系的名词，根据or后sisters，可知，此处表示“没有兄弟或姐妹”，所以空格处填brothers。故选D。

44.D【解析】句意：他们不能像来自大家庭的孩子那样培养相同的社交技能。stand站立；invent发明；buy买；develop培养。根据空格后social skills，可知，此空表示“培养社交技能”，所以空格处填develop。故选D。

45.C【解析】句意：另一个引起害羞的原因可能是科技。praise表扬；decision决定；technology科技；dream梦想。根据As more and more people use the Internet, they spend less time outside“随着越来越多的人使用互联网，他们花费很少的时间外出”，可知，像互联网这种科技可能是引起害羞的另一个原因，所以空格处填technology。故选C。

46.B【解析】句意：随着越来越多的人使用互联网，他们花费很少的时间外出。design设计；spend花费；collect收集；save节省。根据As a result, they lose chances to communicate with others，可知，他们花很少时间外出，因此失去和其他人沟通的机会，所以空格处填spend。故选B。

47.C

【解析】句意：跟陌生人面对面说话可能使他们感到紧张。nodding点头；running跑步；speaking说话；jumping跳跃。根据they lose chances to communicate with others，可知，他们失去了和其他人沟通的机会，所以跟陌生人说话时会感到紧张，所以此空填动名词speaking作主语。故选C。

48.D【解析】句意：对于害羞的人来说，交友，在班上发言，甚至获得一份好工作都很难。easy容易的；safe安全的；dangerous危险的；difficult困难的。根据For shy people及make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job，可知，对于害羞的人来说，交友，在班上发言，甚至获得一份好工作都很难，所以空格处填difficult。故选D。

49.A【解析】句意：他们建议尝试新事物，并练习更多的对话。new新的；private私人的；wrong错误的；heavy沉重的。根据前文But scientists say you can overcome your shyness，可知，科学家们建议害羞的人尝试新事物来克服害羞，所以空格处填new。故选A。

50.A【解析】句意：无论如何，不要害怕害羞——你的价值在于你是什么样的人。afraid害怕的；fond喜欢的；proud自豪的；full满的。根据上文But scientists say you can overcome your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing more conversations，可知，科学家提出的克服害羞的建议就是让你不要害怕害羞，固定搭配be afraid of sth“害怕某事”，所以空格处填afraid。故选A。

（二）【2020 •四川省成都市中考】

Now people can pay by scanning(扫描）their faces while shopping. Is it ___16___ to pay by scanning other parts of our bodies? Amazon has a new technology that scans ___17___.

The technology can tell if the person is the right one by scanning his or her hand. The scanner examines things such as finger prints. It then sends a picture to a certain center which can decide who the person is.

In September 2019, Amazon made a payment system for a US supermarket. People can pay ___18___ by scanning their hands under a machine. Their hand scan is connected to their bank cards, so they can pay successfully. It's quite convenient, especially for ___19___ people. With this new technology, people ___20___take their cards with them. They just scan their hands.

16. A. possible B. important C. strange

17. A. eyes B. faces C. hands

18. A. usually B. simply C. really

19. A. old B. poor C. smart

20. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't

【文章大意】本文向我们介绍了亚马逊新开发的支付系统，可以通过扫描手进行支付。

16.A【解析】句意：有没有可能通过扫描我们身体的其他部位来支付呢？possible可能的；important重要的；strange奇怪的。分析上下文可知，此处表示目前人们可以通过面部识别技术进行支付，那么扫描其他部位可不可能进行支付呢？强调“可能的”，故选A。

17.C【解析】句意：亚马逊有一项扫描人手的新技术。eyes眼睛；faces面部；hands手。根据后文“The technology can tell if the person is the right one by scanning his or her hand.”可知，是通过扫描手部进行识别的。故选C。

18.B【解析】句意：人们只需在机器下面扫描自己的手就可以支付。usually通常；simply简单地；really真地。分析句子可知，此处表示“人们只需在机器下面扫描自己的手就可以支付”的含义，强调方式简单，其他两项语意不通。故选B。

19.A【解析】句意：它很方便，尤其是对老年人来说。old年老的；poor贫穷的；smart聪明的。根据前文“Their hand scan is connected to their bank cards, so they can pay successfully.”可知，他们的手扫描与他们的银行卡相连，所以他们可以成功支付，方式非常简单，所以适合老人使用，其他两项不符合语境。故选A。

20.C【解析】句意：有了这项新技术，人们就不需要随身携带信用卡了。mustn't禁止；can't不能；needn't不需要。分析上下文可知，这项技术只需扫描手即可完成支付，所以很方便，不需要随身携带信用卡了，此处强调必要性。故选C。

（三）【2020•四川省乐山市中考】

Do you like exercising in the sun? How much sunlight do you get every day? How much time do you spend in the ___16___ ? As we all know，enough sunlight is good for our health. It gives us strong bones（骨骼）and good eyesight. It makes us happy and sleep better. Now scientists find out that it can even make you ___17___ .

Scientists did tests on mice. They give mice lots of sunlight. After that，the mice ___18___ a special thing named glutamic acid（谷氨酸）in their bodies. Glutamic acid does many things for our body. It can improve some of our abilities such as learning and remembering things.

It is OK to enjoy some sunlight for about an hour every day. But you should be ___19___ because it is summer now. The sun is very strong around noon. Keep yourself away from the sun around the noon, or it may ___20___ your skin（皮肤）. It is best to enjoy sunlight in the morning or before sunset.

Why not go out and enjoy the ___21___ with your family or your best friends? I'm sure you can be smarter soon.

16. A. moon B. sun C. night

17. A. smarter B. taller C. thinner

18. A. invent B. find C. produce

19. A. careful B. serious C. clever

20. A. shine B. burn C. dry

21. A. time B. air C. sunlight

【文章大意】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述阳光对人的健康有好处，而且让人变得更聪明，但是要注意夏天中午的强烈阳光伤害皮肤。

16.B【解析】句意：你在阳光下度过多少时间？moon月亮；sun太阳；night晚上。根据前文“exercising in the sun”可知此处用in the sun。故选B。

17.A【解析】句意：现在科学家发现它能使你更聪明。smarter更聪明的；taller更高；thinner更瘦的。根据后文“I'm sure you can be smarter”可知此处讲述的是让人更聪明，用形容词比较级smarter。故选A。

18.C【解析】句意：那之后，老鼠在体内产生了一种叫做谷氨酸的特别的东西。invent发明；find找到；produce生产,制造。此处用动词produce表达老鼠在体内产生谷氨酸。故选C。

19.A【解析】句意:但是你应该小心，因为现在是夏天。careful小心的；serious严肃的；clever聪明的。根据“because it is summer now. The sun is very strong around noon”可知夏天阳光很强要小心，用形容词careful。故选A。

20.B【解析】句意：让自己远离中午的太阳，否则它可能灼伤你的皮肤。shine照耀；burn燃烧，灼伤；dry干燥。根据前文“The sun is very strong around noon”中午的太阳很强烈，可能会灼伤你的皮肤，可知此处用burn。故选B。

21.C【解析】句意：为什么不出去，和你的家人或朋友享受阳光？time时间；air空气；sunlight阳光。根据前文讲述“enough sunlight is good for our health”可知此处用sunlight表示阳光。故选C。

（四）【2020•四川省凉山州中考】

How do you connect with friends? Which would you like ____18____, WeChat, letters or sending messages on the phone? Here are some ideas of students from No. 2 Middle School.

Wang Lei likes to _____19_____ friends through sending messages on the phone in his spare time. He thinks it is a good way to express his feelings when he is down. If you are too shy to say anything in front of people, you can use it.

Liu Xin supports the letter." A letter is like a ____20____dinner," she said. "It includes lots of information."___21___we have to wait longer for our letters, in today's busy world we need something that is worth waiting for.

Jiang Li is sure to stick to Wechat. Open the Wechat, shake your mobile phone and search for strangers around you! You can make new friends_____22_____without going outside.

18. A. to receive B. receiving C. to choose D. choosing

19. A. deal with B. come up with C. agree with D. keep in touch with

20. A. small B. big C. poor D. late

21. A. Although B. Whether C. Before D. After

22. A. easy B. easily C. hard D. hardly

【文章大意】文章就“如何与朋友联系”这个话题做的一个调查，并举例几个同学的不同的想法。

18.C【解析】句意：你想选择哪一种？to receive接受，动词不定式；receiving接受，现在分词或者动名词形式；to choose选择，动词不定式；choosing选择，现在分词或者动名词形式；根据句意理解及后句WeChat, letters or sending messages on the phone?可知，这里表达的是“选择”，且这里是表达“想要做某事”，英语是would like to do sth，所以这里应该用to do形式，故选C。

19.D【解析】句意：王磊喜欢在业余时间通过手机短信与朋友保持联系。deal with处理；come up with想出；agree with同意；keep in touch with保持联系；根据句意理解及文章的开头How do you connect with friends?以及后句He thinks it is a good way to express his feelings when he is down.可知，这里表达的是“保持联系”，故选D。

20.B【解析】句意：一封信就像一顿丰盛的晚餐。small小的；big大的；poor贫穷的；late晚的；根据句意理解及后句It includes lots of information.可知，这里是把信比喻成一顿大餐，故选B。

21.A【解析】句意：虽然为了信件我们要等更长时间。Although虽然；Whether是否；Before在……之前；After在……之后；根据句意理解及后句in today's busy world we need something that is worth waiting for.可知，前后两句之间是让步关系，所以这里应该用although引导让步状语从句，故选A。

22.B【解析】句意：你不用出门就可以很容易地交到新朋友。easy容易的；easily容易地；hard努力的；hardly几乎不；根据句意理解及前句shake your mobile phone and search for strangers around you!以及后句without going outside.可知，这里表达的是“容易地”，空格修饰的是动词，所以应该用副词，故选B。

（五）【2020 •江苏省苏州市中考】

A Swedish couple on holiday were traveling around Italy, and wanted to go to Capri. Capri is an island in the south of the country,___11___ for its beautiful coastline and a popular tourist destination (目的地). The couple put their destination into their car’s GPS (全球定位系统), ___12___ they made a spelling mistake. They ___13___typed CARPI instead of CAPRI. There is a real place called Carpi in Italy, but it is a small town in the___14___of the country.

The couple followed the GPS directions. Although they were traveling to an island, it didn’t___15___them that they didn’t even cross a bridge or see the sea. When they arrived in Carpi, they went to the tourist office. They asked ___16___ they could go to the Blue Grotto, a well-known sea cave in Capri. Of course, the office worker there couldn’t ___17___ them. He thought they wanted to go to a ___18___ called the Blue Grotto for dinner.

When the man realized that the couple thought they were in Capri, he ___19___ their mistake. The couple got back into their car and started driving south. The office worker said, “They were____20____, but not angry.”

It was a spelling mistake that took the couple 600 kilometres from their destination.

11. A. suitable B. useful C. good D. famous

12. A. and B. so C. or D. but

13. A. slowly B. carelessly C. patiently D. clearly

14. A. north B. south C. east D. west

15. A. satisfy B. relax C. worry D. touch

16. A. how B. where C. why D. what

17 A. refuse B. control C. doubt D. understand

18. A. museum B. restaurant C. station D. library

19. A. continued B. accepted C. explained D. repeated

20. A. interested B. surprised C. excited D. pleased

【文章大意】本文主要讲一对夫妇在意大利度假，想要去Capri，却因在导航中拼写错地名而去了一个地处相反方向的小镇。

11.D【解析】句意：卡普里岛是该国南部的一个岛屿，以其美丽的海岸线和著名的旅游目的地而闻名。
suitable合适的；useful有用的；good好的；famous著名的。根据空后“for its beautiful coastline and a popular tourist destination”讲到卡普里岛有美丽的海岸线，且是受欢迎的旅游目的地，可推出此处是说卡普里岛因这些而著名，famous for以……著名。故选D。

12.D【解析】句意：这对夫妇把他们的目的地输进了汽车的GPS，但是他们犯了一个拼写错误。
and和；so因此；or否则；but但是。空前讲“把目的地输入汽车GPS”，空后讲“犯了一个拼写错误”，前后句意出现转折，用but符合题意。故选D。

13.B【解析】句意：他们不小心把CAPRI打成了CARPI。slowly缓慢地；carelessly粗心地，不小心地；patiently耐心地；clearly清晰地。根据空后“typed CARPI instead of CAPRI”讲到了具体的拼写错误，可知此处是说不小心，用carelessly符合题意。故选B。

14.A【解析】句意：意大利有个地方叫卡尔皮，但它是意大利北部的一个小镇。north北方；south南方；east东方；west西方。根据上文“Capri is an island in the south of the country”讲到卡普里岛在意大利南部，而下文“The couple got back into their car and started driving south.”又讲到这对夫妇意识到错误后开始南行，可推出卡尔皮是在意大利北部，用north符合题意。故选A。

15.C【解析】句意：虽然他们要去一个小岛，但他们甚至没有过桥或看到海也没有使他们担心。satisfy牺牲；relax放松；worry（使）担心；touch触摸。根据题干中“Although”引导让步状语从句，可推出此处是说尽管他们要去一个小岛，他们也没有因没过桥或看不到海而担心，用worry符合题意。故选C。

16.A【解析】句意：他们问怎么才能去卡普里岛一个有名的海洞——蓝色洞穴。how如何；where在哪里；why为什么；what什么。根据空后“they could go to the Blue Grotto”结合选项可知是问如何去蓝色洞穴，用how符合题意。故选A。

17.D【解析】句意：当然，那里的办公室职员听不懂。refuse拒绝；control控制；doubt怀疑；understand理解。根据下文“He thought they wanted to go to a ____ called the Blue Grotto for dinner.”可知卡皮尔的工作人员以为他们要找吃饭的地方，由此可推出是不理解他们，用understand符合题意。故选D.

18.B【解析】句意：他认为他们想去一家叫做“蓝色洞穴”的餐厅吃晚餐。museum博物馆；restaurant餐厅；station车站；library图书馆。根据题干中“for dinner”可知要去餐厅，用restaurant符合题意。故选B。

19.C【解析】句意：当这名男子意识到这对夫妇以为他们在卡普里岛时，他解释了他们的错误。continued继续；accepted接受；explained解释；repeated重复。根据下文“The couple got back into their car and started driving south.”讲这对夫妇开始南行，可推出工作人员为其解释了他们犯的错误，用explained符合题意。故选C。

20.B【解析】句意：他们很惊讶，但并不生气。interested感兴趣的；surprised惊讶的；excited兴奋的；pleasd愉快的。根据上文可知这对夫妇输错了地址，没有到达自己的目的地却没有意识到，工作人员指出他们的错误后他们会很惊讶，用surprised符合题意。故选B。