2022年中考英语专项复习定语从句专项复习课件

这是一份2022年中考英语专项复习定语从句专项复习课件，共37页。PPT课件主要包含了ref，定语从句改错，所有格，时间状语等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Translatin:
1、这是一个快乐的男孩。
This is a happy by.
修饰句子中的名词或代词的句子成分，就叫做定语。
2、这是一个正在踢足球的男孩。
This is a by wh is playing ftball.
概念：在复合句中，修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句，被称为定语从句。其实定语从句也就相当于一个很长的形容词，只是单个的形容词一般放在被修饰的名词前面，而定语从句则放在被修饰的名词后面。
先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词，被称为先行词。先行词位于定语从句引导词的前面。
引导词：引导定语从句，并代替先行词，在定语从句中充当某个成分的词，被称为定语从句的引导词。
在此基础上，定语从句解题两个步骤：一、还原先行词到定语从句中，确定其充当的句子成分二、根据引导词的分类和用法，确定引导词
如果不看引导词，定语从句永远都是一个成分有缺失的句子。而先行词可以还原到定语从句中，补充其缺失的成分。
定语从句的引导词有： (11个)
that, which, wh, whm, whse, 介词+which, 介词+whm, where, when, why, as
一、当先行词是人，又在定语从句中充当主语或宾语时，引导词用wh/that。当先行词充当宾语时，引导词可以省略，也可以用whm。 1. The girl ＿＿ is drawing is Jim’s sister. 2. The by ＿＿ we talked abut will cme.
(wh/whm/that)
二、当先行词为物，又在定语从句中充当主语或宾语时，引导词用which/that。当先行词充当宾语时，引导词可以省略。 1. The dg ＿＿ wants t eat meat is in my rm. 2. The car ＿＿ he bught was a secnd-hand ne.
(which/that)
（中考真题·江西）---D yu have anything t say fr yurselves?---Yes, there is ne pint ＿＿ we must insist n.
wh C. hw whm D. /
先行词为物，又在定语从句中充当宾语，引导词可以省略
注意：在以上两种引导词的使用中，还存在一些特殊情况
1、当先行词是不定代词nthing, smething, anything, everything, all, ne等时，且指物时，定语从句引导词只用that。 (1). There is smething ＿＿ I’m afraid f. (2). All ＿＿ can be dne has been dne.
2、当先行词被形容词最高级所修饰时， 定语从句引导词只用that. (1). This is the best building ＿＿ I have seen in Paris. (2). She is the mst beautiful girl ＿＿ I have met.
3、先行词被序数词，或者被the last(最后的), the nly(唯一的), the very（正是那个）, all, any, every, few, little, n, sme等词所修饰时，引导词只用that。 (1). This is the first place ＿＿ I want t visit. (2). He is the nly persn ＿＿ can wrk ut this prblem.
4、当先行词包含了人和物两方面时，定语从句引导词只用that The by and the cat ＿＿ he lved were lst.5、以疑问词wh, which, what开头的疑问句,为避免重复, 要用that引导后面的定语从句 (1). Wh is the man ＿＿ has white hair? (2). Which is the bk ＿＿ yu brrwed frm the library.
6、先行词为all, anyne, nes, thse, ne，且指人时，引导词只能用wh (1). This ne ＿＿ desn’t wrk hard will never succeed in his wrk. (2). This ne ＿＿ can’t be bught frm shps is very expensive.
7、在There be句型中，引导词不能用that (1). There is a stranger ＿＿ wants t see yu. (2). There is a pig ＿＿ is sleeping.
三、当先行词在定语从句中充当所有格时，表示所属关系，引导词用whse，此时先行词可以是人也可以是物 (1). The wrker whse arm was cut dwn was sent t hspital. 把先行词还原到后面的定语从句中，应为 the wrker’s arm was cut dwn. (2). The huse ＿＿ dr is brken is my hme. 把先行词还原到后面的定语从句中，应为 the huse’s dr is brken.
1. The man ______________is talking t me is a friend f my father’s.2. The schl __________________is famus here has a lng histry.3. I live in the rm _________windws face suth.4. He is a persn ________ we like very much.5. The last place _____ we visited was the Great Wall.
(wh/that/whm)
6. All ________ we have t d is t practice every day.7. The first lessn _______ I learned will never be frgtten 8. Which is the clck ________ is made in China? 9. She didn’t like the lady ________ cat was blue.10. There is a bird ________ is flying in the sky.
1. Is this the bk yur father bught it fr yu?2. Wh is the man yu talked with him? 3. They are talking abut the peple and the things which they saw n their way hme． 4. Wh is the man wh is speaking t yur mther?
5．It was the meeting which imprtance was knwn t all peple． 6. Miss Li is ur English teacher whm likes eating fruits ． 7. Thse that have seen the film think highly f it． 8. Thse wh wants t see the film put up yur hands．
（中考真题·北京） Wmen ＿＿ usually drink cffee have a greater chance f having disease than thse ＿＿ dn’t. A. wh, / B. /, wh C. wh, wh D. that, that
第1空：先行词是人，在定语从句中做主语，先行词可用wh/that
第2空：先行词为thse, 且指人时，引导词只用wh
（中考真题· 福建）Lk ut! Dn’t get t clse t the huse ＿＿ rf(房顶) is under repair. A. whse B. which C. / D. that 先行词还原到定语从句中，应为 The huse’s rf is under repair.
（中考真题·上海） He is the nly ne f the students wh ＿＿ the winner f schlarship(奖学金) fr three years. A. is B. are C. have been D. has been 1、先行词为单数 2、fr+时间 经常和完成时态连用
(中考真题· 湖南)Is this stre ___ sells all kinds f fresh flwers?A. that B. which C. the ne that D. the ne which
正确还原该疑问句，应为This stre is the ne that sells all kinds f fresh flwers.
(中考真题· 河南) Wh is the man ___ ? A. wh yu are talking B. whm yu are talking abut C. that yu are talking D. that yu are talking abut 1、以wh开头的疑问句,为避免重复, 要用 that引导后面的定语从句 2、谈论某人 talk abut sb
三、当先行词在定语从句中充当某个介词的宾语，该介词可以从定语从句中提出来，放在引导词的前面，此时定语从句的引导词限定为whm（当先行词是人）或which（当先行词是物）。其结构为：先行词+介词+whm/which+从句 在题目中具体该选用哪个介词，由该先行词和介词的正确搭配来决定的。
（中考真题·重庆） I saw a wman running tward me in the dark. Befre I culd recgnize wh she was, she had run back in the directin ＿＿ she had cme. A. in which B. in that C. frm which D. frm that
把先行词the directin正确还原到定语从句中，应为she had cme frm the directin.
四、当先行词是表示时间的名词，且在定语从句中充当时间状语（即介词+时间），一般用when引导，也可用“介词＋which” 。即把先行词还原到定语从句中时，要额外再加上一个介词。
（中考真题· 湖北）I can never frget these days ＿＿ we wrked tgether and the days ＿＿ we spent tgether.when, which B. which, whenC. with which, that D. n which, when 还原第一个定语从句的先行词，应为 we wrked tgether in these days. 还原第二个定语从句的先行词，应为 we spent the days tgether.
五、当先行词是表示地点的名词，且在定语从句中充当地点状语（即介词+地点），一般用 where引导,也可用“介词＋which”即把先行词还原到定语从句中时，要额外再加上一个介词。
（中考真题· 辽宁）I walked in ur garden ＿＿ Tm and Jim were playing under ne f the trees. A. which B. when C. where D. that 还原先行词到定语从句中，应为Tm and Jim were playing under ne f the trees in ur garden.
六、当先行词是表示原因的名词(通常就是reasn)，且在定语从句中充当原因状语（即fr+原因），一般用why或that引导,也可用“fr＋which” 即把先行词reasn还原到定语从句中时，要额外再加上一个介词fr。
（中考真题· 湖南）The reasn ＿＿ we were late is that we missed the train. A. which B. why C. where D. n which 把先行词reasn还原到定语从句中，应为 we were late fr the reasn.
八、当先行词和定语从句的引导词被逗号隔开，就被称为非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句不能用that引导She was graduated at Beijing University, ＿＿ she went n t have her study abrad.（2006 陕西） A. after that B. frm that C. frm which D. after which由g n“继续”推出应该使用介词after，但在介词后不能使用that引导定语从句
九、（1）as引导定语从句主要用于固定结构：the same……as，as……as，such……as，s……as等搭配。主句中出现the same, as, such, s修饰先行词，需选择as做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语。
九、（2）as引导的非限制性定语从句，经常要把整个主句的内容看成是定语从句的先行词，这种用法主要是用在一些固定的句型中：as everyne knws，as we all knw，as is knwn t all等，as在其中有“正如、正像、正似”等含义，这些句型可放句首、句中或句尾。
（中考真题·天津）The Beatles came frm Liverpl, ＿＿ many f yu will never frget. A. what B. that C. hw D. as as引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句 The Beatles came frm Liverpl。
1.This is all____I knw abut the matter. A.that B.what C.wh D.whether2. Is there anything else_____yu require? A.which B.that C.wh last place _____we visited was the Great Wall. A.which B.that C.where talked happily abut the men and bks_____ interested him greatly in the schl. A.which B.that C.it is the place_____yu can find him. A.that B.which C.where D.in that6.This is ne f the best bks_______. A.that have ever been written C.that has written B.that has ever been written D.that have written