2022年中考英语语法复习之情态动词（带练习）课件PPT

这是一份2022年中考英语语法复习之情态动词（带练习）课件PPT，共30页。
又叫情态助动词。它们具有以下特点：⑴ 它们必须与其他动词连用，即：情态动词＋动词原形表示说话人对所述动作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等。⑵ 绝大多数情态动词没有人称和数的变化，即第三人称单数不加-s（以be和have 开头的情态动词短语除外）⑶ 在意义上，情态动词具有“多义性”
1. can的基本用法：⑴ 表示体力或智力上的能力，即“能够，会”，可与be able t转换。⑵ 表示许可，主要用于口语，书面语一般用may。⑶ 表示“可能”，与may同义，但一般用在疑问句中。注意： 与第一、二人称连用时，还可以就可能的解决问题的方式或可能的行为提出建议。在这里，也可用culd使语气婉转。
eg，1. ---Can yu play the guitar?---Yes, I can. 2. He can drive the car nw because he passed the driving test. 3. My father can’t be at hmw. He is n business nw.
2. may的基本用法:⑴ 表示“许可”，用can比较口语化。⑵ 肯定句中表示推测，“可能”。注意：如果在疑问句中表示“可能”，通常用can。⑶ 【注意】：—May I/we……？—Yes, yu may./—N, yu mustn’t. 
eg，---May I take my dg n the bus?---N, yu mustn’t.
3. must的基本用法:⑴ 表示必须，强调说话人的主观意志。【注意】：表示“必须“时，must的否定式为needn’t ，或dn’t have t ,而不是mustn’t。
eg，—Must I/we d it nw？—Yes, yu must . 是的，你必须—N, yu needn’t /dn’t have t . 不，你没有必要
⑵ 表示推测，一般只用于肯定陈述句,表示非常肯定。eg， It must be Lily’s cat. Her name is n it.
4. have t的基本用法：have t可视为情态动词，但它与其他情态动词在用法上稍有不同。其他情态动词没有人称和数的变化，而have t却有人称和数的变化，要视主语的不同而变化。注意： must和have t不同之处：must强调主观需要；have t强调客观需要。
eg，It’s dark nw. I have t g hme t ck. We must d smething t prtect the envirnment.
5. need的基本用法need的基本词义是“需要”，它既可作情态动词，又可作实义动词。⑴ need用作情态动词时，只用于否定句和疑问句。它只有一种形式，后接动词原形。【注意】：—Need I/we……？—Yes，yu must ./—N, yu needn’t / dn’t have t .
⑵ need用作实义动词时，有时态、人称和数的变化。如果人作主语，一般后接带t的动词不定式。即need t d sth；如果物作主语，一般后用need t be dne 或need ding sth。
eg，1. He need have a rest because he has wrked fr 24 hurs. = He needs t have a rest because he has wrked fr 24 hurs. 2. The bk needs reading.= The bk needs t be read.
6. had better的基本用法：had better常略作’d better。现代语法认为它是一个助动词，因为它后接不带t的动词不定式。had better d sth意思是“最好做某事；还是做某事比较好”。【注意】：Yu’d better….表示劝告或委婉的命令，对长辈不宜使用。
eg，Yu had better nt smke her, Sir. Yu had better finish yur wrk tday.
1. 情态动词词义2. 含情态动词的肯定否定回答
1. —Susan has bught a large huse with a swimming pl.—It ______ be very expensive. I never even dream abut it.A. must B. might C. can’t D. shuldn’t 2. —Listen! Is Mr. Wang giving a speech in the hall?—N, it be him. He has gne t Japan.A. needn’tB. may nt C. mustn’t D. can’t
3.—Let’s g t the Renmin Park by taxi.—Oh, it is nt far away frm here. We _______take a taxi.A. culdn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. can’t4. —Can yu play the vilin?—Yes, I _______. I ften practice it every day.A. needn’t B. need C. can’t D. can
5. —Must I finish the hmewrk tday？ — N，yu ______. A. mustn't    B. shuldn't    C. needn't    D. can't6. —______ I take sme phts in the shw?  — N, yu ______.A. Can, needn’t  B. Must, mustn’t C. Culd, wn’t D. May, mustn’t
7. --- Was Mary late again this mrning?---N, she rushed int the classrm as____ as she____befre the bell ;canB.quickly;culdC.quickly;canD.quick;culd8. —Must we wear schl unifrms t schl, Miss Li?—N, yu _______________. A. can'tB. mustn'tC. needn'tD. shuldn't
9. Yu ________ be tired after walking a lng way. G t bed earlier tnight.A. needB. mustC. needn’t D. mustn’t 10. Bys and girls, dn’t frget yur reprt . It ______ tday. A. can’t finish B. can’t be finished C. shuld finish D. shuld be finished
11. —Is yur mther kncking at the dr?—N. It ________ be Lucy. She is in Japan nw.A. needn’t B. must C. can’t D. mustn’t12. If the traffic light is red, yu ________ crss the rad. It’s very dangerus.A. dn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. wuldn’t
13. —Our friend wn the English speaking cntest. —Cngratulatins! Yu _______ be very prud f it.A. can B. need C. wuld D. must14. —____________I brrw these bks?—Srry, nly the magazines ver there can be brrwed.A. Must B. Wuld C. May D. Need
15. —Must I g ut t have dinner with yu, Mum?—N, yu , my dear. Yu’re free t make yur wn decisin.A. shuldn’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. can’t16. Yu________stp when the traffic lights turn red.[2018.重庆中考.B]A. can’tB. may C. mustD. needn
17. As middle schl students, we ______ fllw the public rules wherever we g． A. wuld B. shuld C. might D. culd18. We dn’t allw taking magazines ut, but yu _____ cpy the article yu need n the machine ver there. A.can B.must C.shuld D.wuld
19. ---Mum, may I g t see a film with my cusin?--- Yu _______ g if yu have finished yur B. needC. shuldD. can20. We shuld keep quiet in the library. We speak ludly.A. must B. mustn’t C. can D. needn’t
21. Accrding t the ntice, guests at this htel __________use the sprts center at n extra cst.A. can B. shuld C. must D. need22. ----Mum, it’s t ht. ________ I swim in the lake? ----N, yu ___________. That’s t dangerus!A.Shuld; can’tB. Need; mustn’tC. Must; needn’tD. Culd; mustn’t
23. The designer has tried every pssible way t make the rbt light, s yu _____ wrry abut its weight.A. must B. may C. can’t D. needn’t24. ----Mum, may I play cmputer games this evening? ----N way, yu __________finish yur B. must C. may D. will