牛津译林版选择必修性必修第三册UNIT3Back to the past泛读技能初养成学案

UNIT 3 Back to the past

阅读“Extended reading”中的材料，选出最佳选项

1．Where was Russell when Japanese planes dropped bombs?

A．On the USS Arizona. B．In the dinning room.

C．On the bed. D．In the desk.

2．How many people died aboard the Arizona when the attack took place?

A．2，403. B．1，178.

C．More than 1，000. D．More than a hundred.

[答案]　1－2　AC

　astonish vt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊

(教材P33)The records show that the visitors were astonished by how rich and technologically advanced the Ming Dynasty was.

记录表明，来访者对明朝如此富有和技术上如此先进感到很震惊。

[例]　She astonished us by saying she was leaving.

她说她要离开，令我们大为吃惊。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空

①He was astonished to see(see) his father here.

②We are all greatly astonished that she has failed.

③To my astonishment(astonish)，the man lifted the rock effortlessly.

[小片段填空]

The astonishing news made the world astonished，and a great many people expressed their opinions on the Internet.(astonish)

　(教材P34)However，his work proved difficult，because sorting out all the available resources and checking facts of historical materials required painstaking efforts.

但是，他的工作其实很艰难，因为整理所有找得到的资源并核查历史材料的真实性需要付出艰辛的努力。

(1)sort out理顺，整理；把……安排好

[例]　The child is sorting out the bricks into different colors.

那孩子正在按不同的颜色对砖块进行分类。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空

①We're in a state of complete chaos here and I need a little time to sort myself(me) out.

②I'll soon sort him out．Just let me get my hands on him!

③Rubbish can easily be separated and sorted into plastics，glass and paper.

(2)available adj.可获得的，可找到的；有空的

[例]　When will the information be made available?

何时才可以了解到情况？

[即学即练]——单句语法填空

①The authority must make suitable accommodation available to the family.

②All ingredients are readily available from your local store.

③The nature and availability(available) of material evidence was not to be discussed.

　(教材P37)Contrary to popular history books，most academic books tend to adopt a more analytical and serious approach to studying history.

与通俗历史读物相反，大多数学术著作往往采用更具分析性、更严肃的方式研究历史。

(1)contrary adj.相对的，相对立的；截然不同的

[例]　The contrary view is that prison provides an excellent education—in crime.

截然不同的看法是，监狱在犯罪方面提供极好的教育。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子

①He is not poor，on the contrary，he is a millionaire.

②I'll expect to see you on Sunday unless I hear anything to the contrary.

③Contrary to popular belief(与普遍的看法相反)，many rabbits don't like carrots.

(2)adopt vt.采用，采取；表决采纳；领养，收养

vi.领养，收养

[例]　All three teams adopted different approaches to the problem.

三个队处理这个问题的方法各不相同。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空

①She produced a TV series about adopted(adopt) children.

②The senator urged against the adoption(adopt) of the measure.

　comparison n．比较；对比

(教材P37)Also，they often use stories and interesting comparisons to describe historical figures or events vividly，thus engaging the reader's interest.

他们也经常用故事和有趣的比较来生动地描述历史人物或事件，从而引起读者的兴趣。

[例]　The comparison shows considerable disagreement between theory and practice.

这一对比表明理论和实践之间有相当大的出入。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空

①Is the human heart weak in comparison with the other organs?

②We carefully compared the first report with the second.

③I can only compare the experience to falling in love.

　freeze vi.& vt.突然停止，呆住；结冰，冻僵

(教材P39)Russell felt his blood freeze，but he quickly came to himself and rushed up to the deck.

拉塞尔感到自己的血液冻结了，但他很快苏醒过来并冲上甲板。

[例]　The clothes froze solid on the washing­line.

衣服在晒衣绳上冻成了硬块。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子

①This afternoon's sunshine could nudge the temperature above freezing(freeze)．

②The temperature remained below the freezing point(冰点以下) throughout the day.

③Put another coat on，or you'll freeze to death out there(否则你在那里会冻死的)．

数字计算类

数字计算类阅读理解题属于细节理解题的范畴，那么我们如何做数字计算类的题目？

[例文]

The number of British students going to US universities has been climbing steadily over the past decade.The latest available figures (from 2017－2018) show 11，460 British students are choosing to study in US.This represents a small drop (0.3%) from the previous year，showing that American degrees remain a popular choice.

◆How many British students went to US universities in 2016－2017?

A．11，495. B．11，460.

C．11，425. D．14，898.

[技巧点拨]　

先理解文章的大意，然后经过对比、分析、计算等就能够得出正确的答案。仔细分析题干，抓牢关键词。运用数学公式计算，注意巧算。

A　[根据文章第一段内容可知，11 460名留学生是去年的0.997倍。因此，2016－2017年美国大学的英国留学生是11 495名，故选A项。]

[即学即练]——请快速准确地计算出下面数字计算题

Value for money

It's not cheap—adult：￡15，5 to 16­year­olds：￡12，but once you've paid you can revisit as many times as you want in a year，and admission is free for kids under five.

◆If a couple want to take their daughter a primary school student，and 15­year­old son to the space center，how much will they spend on the tickets?

A．￡45.　　B．￡57.　　C．￡42.　　D．￡54.

[答案]　D