2022年高考英语一轮复习Unit10Money单元主题语篇训练一含解析北师大版必修4

Unit 10  单元主题语篇训练

A

For the past 3,000 years, when people thought of money, they thought of cash.From buying food to paying bills, day­to­day dealings involved paper or metal money.Over the past decade, however, digital payments have taken off — tapping your credit card on a machine or having the QR Code (二维码) on your smart phone scanned has become normal.Now this revolution is about to turn cash into an endangered species in some rich countries.That will make the economy more efficient, but it also brings new problems.

Countries are getting rid of cash at different speeds.In Sweden the number of retail cash transactions (交易) per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years.Cash accounts for just 6% of purchases by value in Norway.Britain is probably four or six years behind it.America is perhaps a decade behind.Outside the rich world, cash is still king.However, in China, digital payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 56% in 2019.

Cash is dying out because of two forces.One is demand — younger consumers want to enjoy their digital lives with payment systems.But equally important, suppliers such as banks and tech firms are developing fast, easy­to­use payment technologies from which they can pull data and pocket fees.

In general, the future of a cashless economy is excellent news.When cash payments disappear, people and shops are less likely to be stolen.Besides, digitalisation greatly expands the playground of small businesses by enabling them to sell beyond their borders.It also creates a credit history, helping consumers borrow.Yet it is not without problems.Electronic payment systems may suffer technical failures, power blackouts and cyber­attacks.What's more, in a cashless economy the poor, the elderly and country folk may be left behind.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了过去十年，电子支付形式的兴起，并分析了其原因和利弊。

1．What do we know about digital payments in Paragraph 1?

A．They've been used in daily dealings for 3,000 years.

B．They have become popular in the past ten years.

C．They can only be made on the smart phones.

D．They are leading to cash's dying out worldwide.

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Over the past decade, however, digital payments have taken off”及全段内容可知，过去十年，数字支付开始流行。

2．Which country is the slowest in getting rid of cash?

A．America.　　　　　　　 B．Britain.

C．Sweden.  D．Norway.

解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段第三至五句可知，几个国家中目前美国在电子支付取代现金方面速度最慢。

3．Which of the following would the author most probably agree with?

A．Cash payments are less likely to disappear.

B．Digitalisation enables small businesses to sell nationally.

C．Customers can have their credit history built through digital payments.

D．Digital payments may benefit the poor, the elderly and country folks.

解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段“It also creates a credit history, helping consumers borrow.”可知，电子支付也能让消费者建立自己的信用历史，从而有助于借贷。

4．What is the text mainly about?

A．The future of a cashless society.

B．The rising of digital payments.

C．The reasons for cash being endangered.

D．The development of payment technologies.

解析：选B　主旨大意题。纵观全文，作者第一段介绍电子支付兴起的现状，接下来三段分别介绍电子支付的发展速度、兴起原因及其利弊，同时结合位于首段的主题句“digital payments have taken off”可知，本文主要讲的是“电子支付的兴起”。

B

Money is all surrounding us.Every day, we see it, use it, and it is one the tip of our tongue.Did you ever stop to consider where the money you carry around every day comes from?

Making new money is a very unique job and no easy task.It has up to 65 steps.When the money in use gets dirty and worn out, it will be replaced with new money.The old money is taken from banks and brought to places where it is destroyed.Usually, the old money is burned.The burned money is replaced by new paper money.

While old money is being replaced, new money is being printed in a place called a mint (铸币厂)．Large sheets of paper are printed with many pictures of some currency (流通货币)．These large sheets are cut into individual bills.The individual bills are then put together in big stacks and then sent to banks.

Sometimes the mint will make a new bill with a new picture (photos of statesmen and places of interest are favoured) or a new colour.It is not easy for the government to make a new bill.It takes a long time, and there are many steps to go through before a new bill can be sent to banks.First, people in the government decide that a new kind of bill is needed.Then, they ask an artist to design the new bill.A different artist cuts the new picture into a soft piece of metal called a die.The dies are made and put onto large printing machines.Then, very special paper is used, which no one but the mint can have.Along with this special paper, the mint also prints currency using special colours.After the dies print the new currency onto the paper, the bills are cut, stacked, and sent off to the banks.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了造钱的流程。

5．From the text we know that ________.

A．banks make new money

B．it takes 65 procedures to make new money

C．mints decide what kind of bill is needed

D．old money that is not used is forever stored in a special place

解析：选B　细节理解题。由第二段中的“It has up to 65 steps.”可知，造钱需要经过65个步骤。

6．We can infer from the text that a die is ________.

A．something for dead people

B．a special machine that prints the money

C．a special piece of paper that the money is made from

D．a piece of metal that prints the picture onto the money

解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段第六、七句以及最后一句可知，模具是一种特殊的金属片，它能把图片印在钞票上。

7．Which of the following shows the right order of dealing with new money?

①New money is printed in a mint.

②Bills are cut from large sheets of special paper.

③New money is sent in large amounts to banks.

④The government decides to make new money.

A．①②③④　　　　　　　 B．④③②①

C．④①③②  D．④①②③

解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“First, people in the government decide that a new kind of bill is needed ...the mint also prints currency ...cut, stacked, and sent off to the banks.”可知答案为D。

8．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text?

A．The reason for making new money.

B．The processes of making a new bill.

C．The amount of new money needed.

D．Things used to make new money or a new bill.

解析：选C　细节理解题。A项出现在第二段；B项在文章第二、三和四段中均有涉及；D项出现在第四段。可以用排除法选出C。

C

Coca­Cola, which reportedly produced more than 3 million tons of plastic packaging in 2017, announced that it wants to “help fix the world's plastic waste problem one community (社区) at a time”．

The soda giant is doing so by providing D|S5.4 million for recycling programs in cities like Atlanta, Boston, Denver and Houston. In these cities, partners, like The Green Blue Institute and The Recycling Partnership, which receive the money, will work together to improve recycling rates.

“We focus on areas where we have the ability to make the biggest influence on communities through the funding and expert skills of Coca­Cola employees，” Carlos Pagoaga, Coca­Cola's group director of community partnerships, said in a statement. “In each city, local partners will work together to identify barriers to recycling on a local level and test a range of solutions，” he added. “We hope the learning from these ‘model markets’ can offer solutions to other cities facing similar challenges.”

As part of the effort, The Recycling Partnership and the city of Atlanta, where the Coca­Cola company's headquarters are based, will send street teams out to open recycling carts and leave citizens cards informing them what they can and can't recycle, and let them know how their efforts work.

“Two of the most urgent problems with recycling in the U. S. today are lack of access and the pollution in recycling，” Keefe Harrison, CEO of The Recycling Partnership, said in a statement. “We know from the success of Atlanta in 2017 that the citizens want to recycle, and that communicating with them in the street works.”

Last year, Coca­Cola announced its task to collect and reuse a bottle or can for each one it sells, and increase the amount of its products out of recycled materials to 50% by 2030. It also aims to make all its packaging fully recyclable by 2025.

语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。可口可乐公司宣布将帮助解决世界上的塑料垃圾问题，该公司将联合其他组织一起实施塑料垃圾回收利用计划。

9．What does Coca­Cola company intend to do in the program?

A．Produce less packaging.

B．Help deal with plastic waste.

C．Pick up waste in communities.

D．Build a plant to recycle plastic waste.

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，可口可乐公司计划帮助解决塑料垃圾问题。

10．What's Paragraph 2 mainly about?

A．How Coca­Cola conducts its program.

B．What organizations participate in the program.

C．How Coca­Cola chooses cities for the program.

D．What the local people do in Coca­Cola's program.

解析：选A　段落大意题。阅读第二段内容可知，该段主要介绍了可口可乐公司将如何实施该计划。

11．What do street teams do to help?

A．Sort out all kinds of waste in the city.

B．Look into the cause of pollution.

C．Instruct local people what to recycle.

D．Hand cards to the locals in person.

解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中的“will send street teams ... informing them what they can and can't recycle, and let them know how their efforts work”可知，街道队伍帮助指导当地市民要回收利用什么样的垃圾。

12．What does Keefe Harrison think of the program?

A．Promising.　　　　　　　 B．Difficult.

C．Pioneering.  D．Costly.

解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句可推知，他认为该项目是有希望的；A项意为“有前途的，有希望的”。

tips 如何正确推断隐含意义

对隐含意义的推断在阅读理解题中难度较大。命题者要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，进行合乎情理的推理与判断，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层含义。对隐含意义的推测属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解，考生在做这类题时，一定要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措辞、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词句，然后利用相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。

解此类题时，要特别注意对关键词、短语以及句子的把握，它们往往隐藏着深层的意思。

例如上文第12题，根据题干中的Keefe Harrison可定位第五段最后一句“We know from the success of Atlanta in 2017 that the citizens want to recycle, and that communicating with them in the street works.”，进一步分析语言信息，可知本句中的关键词是success，其隐含意义是，他认为该项目是有希望的。