2022年高考英语一轮复习Unit13People单元主题语篇训练三含解析北师大版必修5

Unit 13  单元主题语篇训练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

After 400 years, William Shakespeare (1564－1616) is still widely celebrated as a great crafter of language and playwright (剧作家)．But he was not the only great master of dramatic writing to die in 1616, and he is certainly not the only writer to have left a lasting impact on theatre.While less known worldwide, Tang Xianzu is rightly considered China's greatest playwright and is highly admired in that country of ancient literary and dramatic traditions.

Tang was born in 1550 in Linchuan, Jiangxi Province, and worked as a government official until, in 1598 and aged 49, he retired to focus on writing.Unlike Shakespeare's large body of plays and poems, Tang wrote only four major plays: The Purple Hairpin, A Dream under a Southern Bough, Dream of Handan and The Peony Pavilion — widely considered to be his masterpiece.In the latter three, much of the story is told through dream sequences.Tang used these scenes to explore human emotions in ways that challenged the feudal system of his time.It is a similar dream structure that we find in Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream.

Tang lived towards the end of the Ming Dynasty (1368－1644) and, similarly to Shakespeare, his lasting success was partly due to the growth of theatre as an artistic practice during his lifetime.As in Shakespeare's England, it became hugely popular in China, with public theatres opening in different cities and traveling performance groups becoming common.Theatrical audiences started to populate open public spaces, and theatre as a popular form of entertainment found its place outside palaces.However, unlike in Shakespeare's England, there was hardly any mixing of the rich with commoners at theatrical events.

During this time, the way in which play­texts were enjoyed, spread and performed also changed.Initially, Chinese dramas had an emphasis on poetic language and were distributed in book form, to be read like novels.They were seldom, if ever, performed.However, from the mid­16th century, Kunqu opera, a form of musical drama, spread from southern China to become a symbol of Chinese culture.

While Tang and Shakespeare lived a world away from each other, they share in common the humanity of their drama, their heroic figures, their love for language, a lasting popularity — and the anniversary during which we still celebrate them.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了汤显祖的作品特点和时代意义。

1．Why does the writer refer to Shakespeare throughout this article about Tang?

A．To compare the writing styles of the writers.

B．To emphasize Tang's importance in literature.

C．To assess the achievements of these two great writers.

D．To examine the different influences of Tang and Shakespeare.

解析：选B　推理判断题。全文中作者不断地将莎士比亚和汤显祖对照，以此凸显汤显祖的艺术成就和作用。故选B。

2．What distinguishes The Purple Hairpin from Tang's other plays?

A．It does not rely heavily on dream scenes.

B．It is widely considered to be his best work.

C．It was the only play to be publicly performed.

D．It challenged the feudal system of ancient China.

解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In the latter three, much of the story is told through dream sequences”可知，除去The Purple Hairpin，其余三部戏剧均是通过梦境来讲述的。故选A。

3．What characteristic was shared by both English and Chinese theatre during Tang's lifetime?

A．Music and poetry were present in most performances.

B．The popularity of public theatrical performances grew rapidly.

C．Different social classes often attended the same performances.

D．Most plays were written to be read as novels rather than performed.

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，在汤生活的时代，英国和中国歌剧院的共同特点是剧院表演深受欢迎。

4．Which of the following would the author probably agree with?

A．Tang's plays were superior to his poems.

B．Tang is more widely read than Shakespeare.

C．Tang is the best playwright in Chinese history.

D．Tang and Shakespeare knew of each other's works.

解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Tang Xianzu is rightly considered China's greatest playwright and is highly admired”可知，汤显祖被认为是中国最伟大的剧作家，故选C。

B

Professor Sun Jun, aged 93 in 2018, has devoted his life to working on China's giant construction projects, including the Qinghai­Tibet highway, Three Gorges Dam, and the Yangtze River Tunnel.In his latest project, the Tongji University academic served as a senior adviser on the construction of the Hong Kong­Zhuhai­Macao Bridge.

Under the guidance of Sun, Xu Wei, a professor in Tongji and Sun's student, took over technical assistance for the construction of the bridge.“Every time I saw Sun and other professors working on the bridge, I felt at ease，”said Lin Ming, the general project manager.Lin initially invited an experienced Dutch company to serve as the technical assistant for the project.The company wanted to charge US $171 million.He then asked for help from Xu along with experts in Tongji University.

The methods developed by Tongji University reduced the impact of the bridge on the Chinese white dolphin, which is under first class state protection.The key challenge during the construction of the bridge was the 6.7­km underwater tunnel, the world's longest and deepest undersea tunnel.Ding Wenqi, who was nicknamed the “tunnel expert”， was asked to ensure the tubes be connected perfectly — even under the influences of land subsidence (下沉), water pressure and tide movement.Hu Xiangdong, another professor with Tongji, developed a method to freeze the earth around the tunnel to prevent water leakage and land subsidence during the digging of the most challenging 2­km section of the tunnel.

The tunnel section of the project was completed in May 2017.Sun was invited to visit the near­completed bridge again in February 2018.The expert said he felt the most relaxed this time since most of the challenges have been conquered.“In the next step, we should focus on how to make the two artificial islands more beautiful and attract travelers，” Sun said.

Xu said all the staff in my office took a great pride in watching the TV news of the bridge's official opening on Wednesday.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。港珠澳大桥建成正式通车，这一世纪工程的建成离不开所有参与者的智慧与汗水。

5．What is Professor Sun's contribution to the bridge?

A．He worked in Tongji University.

B．He was the general project manager.

C．He gave much advice on the project.

D．He took over the technical assistance.

解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的“academic served as a senior adviser on the construction”可知，他是港珠澳大桥的高级顾问，因此他应该为这个工程的建设提供了许多建议。故选C。

6．Why did Lin Ming ask for help from experts in Tongji University?

A．The Dutch company charged too much.

B．The technical assistant had too much trouble.

C．Tongji University did best in the giant projects.

D．He felt relaxed to see professors working on the bridge.

解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第二段最后三句可知，是因为荷兰公司要价太高，工程总经理林鸣才求助同济大学的专家的。故选A。

7．What's the greatest trouble in building the bridge?

A．Protecting the Chinese white dolphin.

B．Constructing the longest and deepest undersea tunnel.

C．Controlling the water pressure.

D．Preventing the tide.

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段中“The key challenge during the construction of the bridge was the 6.7­km underwater tunnel, the world's longest and deepest undersea tunnel.”可知，大桥建造过程中的一个关键挑战是建造世界上最长和最深的海底隧道。故选B。

8．How did the expert stop water leaking in building the undersea tunnel?

A．By keeping the tide moving.

B．By digging deep into the sea.

C．By increasing the water pressure.

D．By freezing the nearby earth around the tunnel.

解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Hu Xiangdong ... developed a method to freeze the earth around the tunnel to prevent water leakage”可知，该专家通过冰冻隧道周围的泥土的方法来防止漏水。故选D。

Ⅱ.短文改错

While it comes to how to face a challenge, I think of my experience in learning maths.

When I was in junior middle school, I had great difficulty in learn maths.To change a situation, I made great efforts.Firstly, I bought some reference books and got prepared before class, make it easy for me to understand that the teacher would teach.Secondly, I listened attentive in class and took notes carefully, which helped my accumulate basic knowledge.Thirdly, I did my homework on time and turn to my teacher for help when I had problems.Finally I caught with others.

Nothing is impossible for a willing heart.Faced with challenges, I respond positively and overcome with them.

答案：第一句：While→When

第二句：learn→learning

第三句：a→the

第四句：make→making; that→what

第五句：attentive→attentively; my→me

第六句：turn→turned

第七句：caught后加up

第九句：去掉第二个with

Ⅲ.书面表达

假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Mike来信请你向他介绍一下中国传统节日端午节(Dragon Boat Festival)的习俗。请你给他写封回信，介绍这个节日，内容包括：

1．端午节的时间和由来；

2．端午节的习俗；

3．欢迎他来中国体验。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考范文：

Dear Mike，

In your last letter, you mentioned that you want to know something about the Dragon Boat Festival. Knowing that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I am glad to tell you something about it.

As one of the most traditional festivals in China, the Dragon Boat Festival falls on the May 5th according to Chinese lunar calendar. People celebrate this festival in memory of Qu Yuan, a well­known Chinese poet who made great contribution to his country. On this festival, people in China will hold a variety of activities to honor him, such as dragon boat racing, eating Zongzi and so on.

I hope you will come here and experience this wonderful festival.

Yours，

Li Hua