2022年南京市金陵中学中考英语一模试题（含解析）

这是一份2022年南京市金陵中学中考英语一模试题（含解析），共41页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，完形填空，阅读理解，填空，任务型阅读，首字母填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022初三调研卷英语
本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分, 总分 90 分, 考试时间 90 分钟。
注意事项：请将第一卷试题答案填涂在答题卡上, 第二卷试题答案填写在答题纸上。
第一卷（选择题共 40 分）
一、单项选择（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 15 分）
1. Look at the notice. It tells you that the school fitness centre will ________.
School Fitness Centre
From the end of January, the fitness centre will be closed during the weekends and evenings.
A. keep closed from the end of January
B. open again to students at the end of January
C have shorter opening hours until the end of January
D. change its opening hours at the end of January
2. The little boy often sells flowers in the community to make money ________ his family.
A. help B. to help C. helping D. helps
3. We are shocked by the crash of flight MU5735. Our ________ and prayers are with the families and loved ones of the passengers and crew on the flight.
A. thoughts B. themes C. therapies D. things
4. — Have you got an iPhone 13 yet?
— No, now many people say no to it because of ________ follow-up (后续的) service.
A. it B. its C. it’s D. itself
5. —Some Chinese government officers have turned into livestreamers（网络主播）.
—Yes. They’re trying their best to help local farmers to ____________ product sales.
A. compare B. improve C. afford D. provide
6. —Could you tell me how to renew the library books?
—With pleasure. You ________ come to our desk every time. It’s easier to renew them online.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
7. I could ________ control my feelings when Jackson said he wanted to share the painting by music with today’s young people.
A. hardly B. really C. clearly D. nearly
8. — Music and Art enter the Entrance Examination for the high school, is it true?
— Yes. But don’t worry. Nothing will be difficult if more attention ________ to them.
A will pay B. will be paid C. pays D. is paid
9. Which of the following can be used to compare or contrast when we write an article?
A. finally B. moreover C. while D. because
10. When we were young, we were always taught ________ many subjects ________ good manners. They’re helpful to shape ourselves.
A. either; or B. not; but C. neither; nor D. not only; but also
11. —Remember Carol? She is still in good shape and looks even younger though years has passed.
—Oh, really? I haven’t seen her for nearly ten years. Could you tell me ________?
A. that she has got married B. how she can manage to do that
C. where she has gone these years D. when would she visit Nanjing next time
12. As a college student, I have few close friends, but a lot of acquaintances that I usually like to talk to. The underlined word means ________.
A. people who you know B. people who walk on the street
C. people who like you very much D. people who are envy of you
13. Through the reform the economic situation of China ________ to be better than it used to be.
A..turns into B. turns off C.turns to D. turns out
14. — Have you heard that China’s prodigy (奇才) Gu Ailing claimed the historic gold in the women’s freeski big air of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games?
— It’s not surprising. ________. She has worked hard at it these years.
A. Every dog has its day B. Actions speak louder than words
C. No pain, no gain D. Many hands make light work
15. — Shall we go to the cinema to watch Moonfall this weekend?
— ________. Isn’t it meaningful that we do some voluntary work in the Nucleic Acid Test?
A. Forget it B. Good idea C. Don’t mention it D. I can’t agree more
二、完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分）

What will the future be like? Good or bad? A lot of science-fiction writing ____16____ a dark and scary world. Planet of the Apes shows a miserable future for humankind.
There’s a word to ____17____ the kind of future world which often appears in science fiction: dystopia, an imagined unpleasant or bad place. The ____18____ is utopia (乌托邦). But does tomorrow’s world have to be so disappointing?
A new project wants to use the power of science fiction to show a better future. The aim of Project Hieroglyph is to ____19____ writers, scientists, engineers and artists to create optimistic stories about a harmonious society in the next 50 years.
It’s ____20____ to create a dystopia than write a feel-good story. There’s more conflict in a world full of problems, and stories are interesting ____21____ there are a lot of problems to solve. No ____22____, no story! But the project produced a book with some promising plots. One of them is about environmentalists who fight to ____23____ building the first hotel in the polar areas.
But will these stories actually change anything or simply keep us entertained? A good science-fiction story can be mighty. It is clear to see that stories can inspire hundreds, thousands, millions of people to gather around something ____24____ they want to do. The influence of science fiction has already been well evaluated in modern research. Why are people working on invisibility clothes (隐形衣)? Well, it’s Harry Potter, right?
Time will tell ____25____ we can go. Let’s dream big and think outside the box.
16. A. achieves B. complains C. imagines D. believes
17. A. cancel B. describe C. remind D. develop
18. A. difference B. opposite C. similarity D. pronunciation
19. A. bring together B. mix up C. take away D. get along
20. A. cheaper B. worse C. slower D. easier
21. A. when B. although C. so D. until
22. A. challenge B. exercise C. survey D. decision
23. A. risk B. delay C. stop D. continue
24. A. who B. what C. which D. that
25. A. how long B. how far C. how soon D. how much
三、阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 15 分）
A
Give me some Space
by Philip Blunting
Una dreams of a life in Space. Life on Earth is just so-so. But how will she get there? And will she complete her mission to discover life in Space?
On May 19th 2021, Give Me Some Space! was read to over 1. 98 million children across Australia and New Zealand by NASA astronaut Shannon Walker – from the International Space Station (ISS)!
Purchase This Book

Curiosity: The Story of a Mars Rover
by: Markus Motum
On August 6, 2012, the rover Curiosity touched down on the rocky surface of Mars — and now she’s ready to guide you through her journey firsthand. From idea to creation and beyond, this fact-filled, fashionable book introduces readers to Curiosity and her mission: to discover more about the red planet and search for evidence of life.
Purchase This Book

Max Goes to Mars
by Jeffrey Bennett
Now fully updated with results from the Curiosity rover and much more, the new second edition of Max Goes to Mars picks up where Max Goes to the Moon left off, taking Max and his friends on the first human mission to Mars. There, you’ll learn how Max helps make one of the most important discoveries of all time. After returning home, Max and Tori reflect on the beauty and fragility of our own planet Earth.
Purchase This Book

Ada Lace, Take Me to Your Leader
by Emily Calandrelli with Tamson Weston
Ada Lace likes nothing more than to play with mechanics like her robot, George. Her latest project is to fix up a ham radio, something that she could use to contact people on this planet and beyond.
During a sleepover, Ada’s best friend Nina hears something strange coming from the radio in the middle of the night. A distant voice says, “Release the swarm(蜂群)!” convincing Nina that aliens are about to invade the Earth.
Purchase This Book
26. Which book was ever read to kids from the ISS?
A. Give me some Space B. Curiosity: The Story of a Mars Rover
C. Max Goes to Mars D. Ada Lace, Take Me to Your Leader
27. Whose book introduces Curiosity and her mission?
APhilip Blunting. B. Markus Motum. C. Jeffrey Bennett. D. Emily Calandrelli.
28. Who thinks that our planet will soon be attacked by aliens?
A. Una. B. Max. C. Ada Lace. D. Nina.
B

A castle was the fortress (堡垒) and home of a king or nobleman.
Most of the castles we think of today were built in Europe. They were built from about 1, 000 AD to about 1, 500 AD, during a period known as the Middle Ages.
Castles played an important role after the fall of the Roman Empire. When a king granted land to nobles, the nobles promised in return to serve the king and provide him with soldiers. Nobles built castles on the lands given to them. But some nobles simply claimed land as their own and built a castle on it. That was asking for trouble. There were many power struggles between nobles and kings, and among the nobles themselves.
A typical stone castle had several main parts. At the centre of the castle was a tall and very strong building called the keep. This is where people in the castle made their last stand if the outer defences (防御) failed. The keep was set in a courtyard, where there were workshops, stables, and a kitchen.
High, thick walls surrounded the keep and the courtyard. Strong, round defensive towers stood at the corners of the walls. Guards walked along the tops of the walls and towers.
Many stone castles were surrounded by a wide ditch called a moat (护城河). Some moats were filled with water, but many were not. The only way into the castle was across a wooden drawbridge over the moat. If enemies attacked, the defenders raised the bridge. Then they lowered a heavy iron-and-wood barrier called a portcullis to block the entrance to the castle.
A well-built castle was a pretty safe place to be. Attackers had a hard time getting in. But they still had some options. They could go over the walls using ladders. They could smash (撞碎) through the walls or doors. Or they could dig under the walls and try to get part of the wall to fall down. If none of those things worked, they could just camp outside until the defenders ran out of food.
Attackers sometimes brought large machines called siege engines with them to break through castle doors or walls. This was a heavy wooden beam with a metal cap. In the early 1500s, cannons entered wide use in warfare. Cannonballs could dig into the base of stone walls and weaken them. The walls then fell under their own weight. As a result, castles were no longer needed.
29. The underlined word “That” refers to the fact that ________.
A. nobles built castles on the lands given to them B. the nobles promised to serve the king in return
C. some nobles simply claimed land as their own D. the nobles provided the king with soldiers
30. How many choices are mentioned to occupy a castle before the sixteenth century?
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
31. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Some castles were built to attract more visitors.
B. Kings in ancient Europe were more generous.
C. Portcullises were used to break through castle doors.
D. Warfare must be common from 1, 000 AD to about 1, 500 AD.
32. What is the best subtitle of the last two paragraphs?
A. Attacking a castle B. Visiting a castle
C. A pretty safe place D. Weakness of a castle
C

Do you know some people have memories that are completely wrong? They remember things that never happened. Sometimes, many people have the same wrong memory. When this happens, it’s believed that it is because of the Mandela Effect.
People first noticed the Mandela Effect in 2013. That year, Nelson Mandela passed away. However, thousands of people remembered him dying in the 1980s. They described watching his funeral (葬礼) on TV. But in fact, Mandela lived to be 95 years old. How could that be? How could so many people have the same wrong memory?
Most experts explain the Mandela Effect using brain science. When we make memories, our brains keep them in groups. Each group includes memories that are similar to each other. Sometimes, our brains messed up (混乱). They mix two similar memories together. That’s why people thought Nelson Mandela died in the 1980s. They knew he was imprisoned (坐牢) during the 1980s. For some reason, they mixed his imprisonment with his death.
That would explain why so many people in 2013 thought Nelson Mandela was already dead. But would it explain why all those people gave similar descriptions of his funeral? Could all those people have mixed up the same two memories?
There are many other examples of the Mandela Effect. Have you ever seen the Mona Lisa? Many people remember the woman in the painting with a frown (皱眉). Others say she was straight-faced. If you look at the Mona Lisa today, you’ll find she’s smiling. Did you ever read a series of children’s books about The Berenstein Bears? No, you didn’t. In our reality, the books are about The Berenstein Bears, spelled with an “a” instead of an “e”. Still, thousands of people believe they remember the name spelled differently.
Are these wrong memories the result of mixed memories, or is there another explanation？Without further science research, we can’t say for sure!
33. What is the Mandela Effect?
A. Some people have worse memory than others.
B. Some people may have the same wrong memory.
C. People are better at remembering certain things.
D. People remember unhappy experiences more easily.
34. Why does the author give the example in Para. 2?
A. To prove his point. B. To introduce the topic.
C. To correct the view above. D. To provide the background.
35. What is the reason for the Mandela Effect given in Para. 3?
A. People are easily influenced by others. B. People pay little attention to the fact.
C. People mix two similar events up. D. People have poor memory.
36. What does the author think of the Mandela Effect?
A. Its reason is unknown. B. It lasts for a long time.
C. It is hard to avoid. D. Its effect is great
D

History is important to study because it is essential for all of us in understanding ourselves and the world around us. And in my opinion, studying history benefits beyond history itself, because it helps develop and improve our skills through studying history.
We can improve our reading skills by reading texts from different periods. Language has changed and developed over time and so has the way people write and express themselves. We can also improve our writing skills through learning not to just repeat what someone else said, but to analyze information from multiple sources and come up with our own conclusions. It’s two birds with one stone—better writing and critical thinking!
There are so many sources of information out in the world. Finding a decisive truth for many topics just doesn’t exist. What was a victory for one group was a great loss for another—we get to create our own opinions of these events.
History gives us the opportunity to learn from others’ past mistakes. It helps us understand many reasons why people may behave the way they do. As a result, it helps us become smarter as decision-makers.
In the study of history we will need to conduct research. This gives us the opportunity to look at two kinds of sources—primary (written at the time) and secondary sources (written about a time period, after the fact). This practice can teach us how to decipher between reliable and unreliable sources.
There are numbers and data to be learned from history. In terms of patterns: patterns in population, disappearances during times of war, and even in environmental factors. These patterns that are found help clarify why things happened as they did.
It’s incredibly important to learn to question the quality of the information and “history” we are learning. Keep these two questions in mind as we read through information: How do I know what I’m reading are facts and accurate information? Could they be the writer’s opinions?
37. The author thinks history helps make good decisions because ________.
A. we can learn from others’ past mistakes
B. we can meet many sources of information
C. we can look at primary and secondary sources
D. we can create our own opinions of the past events
38. What does the underlined word “decipher” in Para 5 mean?
A. put out B. break out C. make out D. try out
39. Why are the two questions mentioned in the last of the passage?
A. To remind readers to read historical novels carefully.
B. To warn readers not to read too many history books.
C. To emphasize the quality of the information on history.
D To make readers doubt about the reality of history.
40. What is the best title of the passage?
A. How to study history B. Why is history important
C. Reliable data of history D. Value of studying history
第二卷（非选择题共 50 分）
四、填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 15 分）
(A)根据括号中的中文提示写出单词, 使句子意思完整正确。每空只填 1个单词。
41. The year 2021 ________ (标志) a milestone (里程碑) in the history of the Chinese Communist Party, which celebrated its centenary (一百周年) on July 1st, 2021.
42. The “double reduction” policy (双减政策) allows students to have more free time to develop their own ________ (业余爱好) and interests.
43. Being ________(诚实的) and faithful is a good virtue.
44. National Treasure has become ________( 广泛地) popular with its interesting plot, good performance and funny words.
45. Look, a boy is sitting under a tree, with his back ________ (靠着) it.
(B)根据句子意思, 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
46. If you make up your mind and work hard, you will be ________ (success) in the end.
47. Qi Baishi, a famous Chinese calligrapher and painter, was regarded as “the people’s ____ (art)”.
48. —Someone broke into Granny Wang’s home yesterday.
—Luckily, she ________ (walk) her dog outside at that time.
49. We shouldn’t blame ________ (us) for what happened.
50. ________ (keep) trying and encouraging yourself if you want to pass the exam.
(C)根据短文内容, 从下列方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空, 使短文内容完整正确。

of course; wait a few minutes; too much; start your day with; excited
Are you always hungry in the morning? Don’t feel sorry for that. You can always ____51____ a banana shake. It will make you feel full after you drink it. Some people know a banana milk shake is good, but they don’t often drink it. They think it will bring them ____52____ weight( 体重). But that’s not really true. It has a lot of protein(蛋白质) and fiber(纤维). Both of them are important for our body. Lots of reports say banana milk shakes are good for our health.
People become ____53____ about that. And more and more people fall in love with banana milk shakes. But how can you get some?
You can usually get a banana milk shake in a nearby shop. ____54____ , you can also make a simple one at home. It’s really easy! First, prepare some sliced bananas, a cup of ice and half a cup of milk. Next, put them all into the blender. You can also add some chocolate, coconut or coffee, if you like. Then turn on the blender and ____55____ . Finally, enjoy your delicious banana milk shake!
五、任务型阅读（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分）
阅读下面短文, 根据所读内容, 在文章后各小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填 1个单词。
Most of us have never thought about building an educational toy by ourselves. If we need a learning toy or something, we simply go to the nearest store and buy it. However, things are not as easy in third world countries. With families even having no food to put on the table, buying toys, especially the educational ones, is the last thing on the parents’ minds.
So how can one get these kids interested in science? This was a question that worried the Indian engineer Arvind Gupta so much that he decided to give up a good job and spend his life making toys from things that people no longer want or need!
Mr. Gupta began teaching in the 1970s. While still an engineering student at the Indian College of Technology, he volunteered to teach the children who could not afford to go to school. Upon graduation, he found a good job at India’s Tata Motors and spent the next five years designing cars.
But he soon realized that this was not something he wanted to do for the rest of his life. So he took a year’s training course and took part in the Hoshangabad Science Teaching Program whose aim was to make science fun and exciting for poor children using available materials.
Mr. Gupta found the whole project so satisfying that he decided to leave his high-paying job and focus his attention on designing educational toys that were not only cheap and easy to build, but are also full of scientific principles (科学原理), so that children could get interested in this interesting subject.
When the Internet started becoming a more widespread learning tool, Mr. Gupta created a Toys from Trash website and also recorded more than 250 YouTube videos.
Today, over 50, 000 children and teachers visit the website daily to download the videos for the toy creations based on cool science. Some young children have become so inspired (鼓舞) that they have even won international science competitions with the help of what he created.
Making ____56____ toys from rubbish
____57____ for making them
Most people never thought about building educational toys.
Usually people go to the nearest store to buy educational toys in ____58____.
To some families, food is more ____59____ than educational toys.
We should help children to get interested in science.
About Mr Gupta
Finding a good job and spending five years designing cars after ____60____ college.
Giving up a good job and ____61____ his life to making special toys.
Volunteering to teach the children from ____62____ families.
Taking a year’s training course to learn to make science fun and exciting for poor children Focusing his attention on designing educational toys
About the website
Toys from Trash is a website with ____63____ 250 YouTube videos
Many children visit the website and they are ____64____ with the videos for the toy creations based on cool science
With the help of his _____65_____, children have even won international science competitions
六、首字母填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分）
根据短文内容和首字母提示, 填写所缺单词。
What is social media? Social media has been around for years now, and most of us would probably d____66____ it as any Internet medium that can be used to share information with others, including blogs, forums, games, websites and other stuff. Social media is certainly an interesting place to learn o____67____ opinions on the Internet. You can read everything from strange ideas to true facts and everything in between. But when you’re spending time online and reading so many opinions, it’s q____68____ possible that you’ll sometimes see someone write something that you strongly disagree with.
In fact, you might feel so strongly that you feel like you should reply to this person at once. You might do some r____69____, find some facts of your own and reply to what they have written. You finish writing out your reply, click “post” and w____70____ the argument!
Except that it’s not really much of a victory. Most people don’t like it when other people disagree with their ideas, e____71____ online strangers. It’s unlikely that they will change their opinion just because you argued with them. In fact, it’s possible that you m____72____ them feel more confident that they’re correct.
And the thing is, when you get in these kinds of fights online, it s____73____ influences you. You might not know it at first, b____74____ the argument that you take part in can actually have a bad effect on you mood. If you argue often, you start to enjoy arguing and then end up doing it even more. It’s a dangerous cycle.
I guess the best thing to do is to tell yourself that most arguments aren’t w_____75_____ it. There are much better and more interesting things to do, whether online or in real life.
七、书面表达（满分 15 分）
76. 疫情期间，同学们不得不在家上网课。针对网课，在学生调查中发现存在两种不同观点，请以 I Prefer to Study at School/at Home（选择你赞同的一方面）为题写一篇短文。
一些学生
认为不用去学校
理由：1. 既节省路上的时间又省了交通费用；
2. 有更多空余时间，可以在薄弱学科多下功夫
另一些学生
认为有必要去学校
理由：1.面对面交流学习效果更佳；
2.和同学相处，乐趣很多
我
……
理由：……（自拟至少 2 点）
提示词：网课 online course 新冠疫情 coronavirus pandemic
注意：
1. 内容涵盖要点，可适当发挥，全文连贯通顺；
2. 词数 90 词左右；
3. 文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。
I Prefer to Study __________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



一、单项选择（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 15 分）
1. Look at the notice. It tells you that the school fitness centre will ________.
School Fitness Centre
From the end of January, the fitness centre will be closed during the weekends and evenings.

A. keep closed from the end of January
B. open again to students at the end of January
C. have shorter opening hours until the end of January
D. change its opening hours at the end of January
【1题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：看看通知。它告诉你，学校健身中心将在1月底改变开放时间。
考查常识。根据“From the end of January, the fitness centre will be closed during the weekends and evenings.”可知，自1月底开始，健身中心在周末和夜晚都不开放，也就是说该健身中心从1月底开始会调整它的开放时间。故选D。
2. The little boy often sells flowers in the community to make money ________ his family.
A. help B. to help C. helping D. helps
【2题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：这个小男孩经常在社区里卖花来赚钱帮助家人。
考查非谓语动词。根据“The little boy often sells flowers in the community to make money...his family.”可知，小男孩卖花赚钱是为了帮助家人，由此可知此空应填动词不定式to help作目的状语。故选B。
3. We are shocked by the crash of flight MU5735. Our ________ and prayers are with the families and loved ones of the passengers and crew on the flight.
A. thoughts B. themes C. therapies D. things
【3题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们对MU5735航班的坠毁感到震惊。我们向机上乘客和机组人员的家人和亲人致以思念和祈祷。
考查名词辨析。thoughts思念，关心；themes主题；therapies治疗；things东西。根据“with the families and loved ones of the passengers and crew on the flight.”可知，此处是指思念和祈祷。故选A。
4. — Have you got an iPhone 13 yet?
— No, now many people say no to it because of ________ follow-up (后续) service.
A. it B. its C. it’s D. itself
【4题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你有iPhone 13了吗？——不，现在很多人拒绝它，因为它的后续服务。
考查代词词义辨析。it它，主格；its它的，形容词性物主代词，也可作名词性物主代词，意为“它的(东西)”；it’s它是，是it is的缩写；itself它自己的，反身代词。此处“follow-up (后续的) service.”是一个名词，名词前需要用形容词性物主代词修饰，决定其所属，“its”意为“它的”。故选C。
5. —Some Chinese government officers have turned into livestreamers（网络主播）.
—Yes. They’re trying their best to help local farmers to ____________ product sales.
A. compare B. improve C. afford D. provide
【5题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——一些中国政府官员变成了网络主播。——是的。他们正在尽最大努力帮助当地农民提高产品销售。
考查动词辨析。compare比较；improve提高；afford买得起；provide提供。根据题干中“to help local farmers to _____ product sales”可推出网络直播的目的是帮助当地农民提高产品销售，用improve符合题意。故选B。
6. —Could you tell me how to renew the library books?
—With pleasure. You ________ come to our desk every time. It’s easier to renew them online.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
【6题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我怎样续借图书馆的书吗？——非常乐意。你不必每次都来我们前台。在网上续借更容易。
考查情态动词辨析。can’t不可能；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该。根据“It’s easier to renew them online”可知，在网上就能完成续借的事情，不必来前台办理，故选C。
7. I could ________ control my feelings when Jackson said he wanted to share the painting by music with today’s young people.
A. hardly B. really C. clearly D. nearly
【7题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：当杰克逊说他想用音乐和现在的年轻人分享这幅画时，我几乎控制不住自己的情绪。
考查副词辨析。hardly几乎不；really真正地；clearly清楚地；nearly几乎。结合选项和“I could...control my feelings when Jackson said...”可知，此空应填“hardly”，表达“当Jackson说话时，我几乎控制不住自己的情绪”的意思。故选A。
8. — Music and Art enter the Entrance Examination for the high school, is it true?
— Yes. But don’t worry. Nothing will be difficult if more attention ________ to them.
A. will pay B. will be paid C. pays D. is paid
【8题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——音乐和美术进入高中入学考试，是真的吗？ ——是的。但是别担心。如果对他们给予更多的关注，没有什么是困难的。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据题干“Nothing will be difficult if more attention...to them.”可知，这是if引导的条件状语从句，主句为一般将来时态，结合“主将从现”原则可知，从句为一般现在时态；且从句的主语“more attention”是谓语动词“pay”的承受者，二者形成被动关系，因此从句的谓语动词为一般现在时态的被动语态，其结构为“is/am/are +过去分词”，又知“attention”为不可数名词，故be动词为is，pay的过去分词为paid。故选D。
9. Which of the following can be used to compare or contrast when we write an article?
A. finally B. moreover C. while D. because
【9题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：当我们写一篇文章时，下列哪一项可以用来比较或对比?
考查副词辨析和连词辨析。finally最终地，副词；moreover此外、而且，副词；while而、然而，连词；because因为，连词。连接两者进行比较，需要用连词，while表示两者对比。故选C。
10. When we were young, we were always taught ________ many subjects ________ good manners. They’re helpful to shape ourselves.
A. either; or B. not; but C. neither; nor D. not only; but also
【10题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：当我们年轻的时候，我们不仅学到了很多科目，还学到了良好的举止行为。它们有助于塑造我们自己。
考查连词辨析。either...or... 或者……或者……； not...but... 不是……而是……；neither...nor...既不……也不……；not only...but also...不仅……而且……。根据下文“They’re helpful to shape ourselves.”可知，此处是不仅学到了很多科目，还学到了良好的举止行为，故选D。
11. —Remember Carol? She is still in good shape and looks even younger though years has passed.
—Oh, really? I haven’t seen her for nearly ten years. Could you tell me ________?
A. that she has got married B. how she can manage to do that
C. where she has gone these years D. when would she visit Nanjing next time
【11题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——还记得卡罗尔吗？尽管岁月流逝，她仍然保持着良好的体形，看起来更年轻。——哦，真的吗？我已经快十年没见到她了。你能告诉我她是怎么做到的吗？
考查宾语从句。分析成分可知，空格处应为宾语从句，其语序为陈述句语序，排除D；根据“She is still in good shape and looks even younger though years has passed.”可知，多年过去了，Carol不仅身形依旧，看起来还更年轻了，所以这个人想要知道Carol的保养方法，她会问“她是怎么做到的”。故选B。
12. As a college student, I have few close friends, but a lot of acquaintances that I usually like to talk to. The underlined word means ________.
A. people who you know B. people who walk on the street
C. people who like you very much D. people who are envy of you
【12题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：作为一名大学生，我没有几个亲密的朋友，但有很多我通常喜欢聊天的熟人。下划线的单词表示你认识的人。
考查名词词义辨析。people who you know你认识人；people who walk on the street走在街上的人；people who like you very much非常喜欢你的人；people who are envy of you那些嫉妒你的人。根据“I have few close friends”可知，此处表示我没有几个亲密朋友；又根据“but”可知，前后句是转折关系，因此这里表示但是我有很多“熟人”，因此“acquaintances”表示“认识的人，熟人”。故选A。
13. Through the reform, the economic situation of China ________ to be better than it used to be.
A. turns into B. turns off C. turns to D. turns out
【13题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：通过改革，中国的经济形势比过去好多了。
考查动词短语辨析。turns into变成；turns off关闭；turns to向……求助；turns out结果是。根据“to be better than it used to be.”可知，改革的结果是经济形势比过去好了，故选D。
14. — Have you heard that China’s prodigy (奇才) Gu Ailing claimed the historic gold in the women’s freeski big air of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games?
— It’s not surprising. ________. She has worked hard at it these years.
A. Every dog has its day B. Actions speak louder than words
C. No pain, no gain D. Many hands make light work
【14题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你听说了吗？中国奇才谷爱凌在北京2022年冬奥会自由式滑雪女子大跳台比赛中获得了历史性的金牌。——这并不奇怪，一分耕耘一分收获。这些年她一直在努力训练。
考查习语。Every dog has its day凡人皆有得意日；Actions speak louder than words事实胜于雄辩；No pain, no gain一分耕耘一分收获；Many hands make light work人多好办事。根据“She has worked hard at it these years.”可知，谷爱凌一直努力训练，所以她获得了金牌，这体现了“一分耕耘一分收获”。故选C。
15. — Shall we go to the cinema to watch Moonfall this weekend?
— ________. Isn’t it meaningful that we do some voluntary work in the Nucleic Acid Test?
A. Forget it B. Good idea C. Don’t mention it D. I can’t agree more
【15题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——这周末我们一起去电影院看《月球陨落》好吗？——算了吧。我们做一些核酸检测的志愿工作不是很有意义吗？
【点睛】考查情景交际。Forget it.算了吧；Good idea.好主意；Don’t mention it.别客气；I can’t agree more.我非常同意。根据“Isn’t it meaningful that we do some voluntary work in the Nucleic Acid Test?”答语可知，此处回答者并未同意上文的邀请，故选A。
二、完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分）

What will the future be like? Good or bad? A lot of science-fiction writing ____16____ a dark and scary world. Planet of the Apes shows a miserable future for humankind.
There’s a word to ____17____ the kind of future world which often appears in science fiction: dystopia, an imagined unpleasant or bad place. The ____18____ is utopia (乌托邦). But does tomorrow’s world have to be so disappointing?
A new project wants to use the power of science fiction to show a better future. The aim of Project Hieroglyph is to ____19____ writers, scientists, engineers and artists to create optimistic stories about a harmonious society in the next 50 years.
It’s ____20____ to create a dystopia than write a feel-good story. There’s more conflict in a world full of problems, and stories are interesting ____21____ there are a lot of problems to solve. No ____22____, no story! But the project produced a book with some promising plots. One of them is about environmentalists who fight to ____23____ building the first hotel in the polar areas.
But will these stories actually change anything or simply keep us entertained? A good science-fiction story can be mighty. It is clear to see that stories can inspire hundreds, thousands, millions of people to gather around something ____24____ they want to do. The influence of science fiction has already been well evaluated in modern research. Why are people working on invisibility clothes (隐形衣)? Well, it’s Harry Potter, right?
Time will tell ____25____ we can go. Let’s dream big and think outside the box.
16. A. achieves B. complains C. imagines D. believes
17. A. cancel B. describe C. remind D. develop
18. A. difference B. opposite C. similarity D. pronunciation
19. A. bring together B. mix up C. take away D. get along
20. A. cheaper B. worse C. slower D. easier
21. A. when B. although C. so D. until
22 A. challenge B. exercise C. survey D. decision
23. A. risk B. delay C. stop D. continue
24. A. who B. what C. which D. that
25. A. how long B. how far C. how soon D. how much
【16~25题答案】
【答案】16. C17. B18. B19. A20. D21. A22. A23. C24. D25. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了科幻小说对我们生活的影响和作用。
【16题详解】
句意：很多科幻小说都想象出一个黑暗而恐怖的世界。
achieves获得；complains抱怨；imagines想象；believes相信。根据“science-fiction”以及常识可知，科幻小说就是想象出一些虚拟的东西。故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：有一个词可以描述未来世界的样子。
cancel删除；describe描述；remind提醒；develop发展。根据“There’s a word to… the kind of future world”以及结合选项可知，有一个词可以描述未来世界的样子。故选B。
【18题详解】
句意：相反的词是乌托邦。
difference不同；opposite相反；similarity相似；pronunciation发音。根据“dystopia, an imagined unpleasant or bad place. ”可知，“dystopia”是一个令人不开心、糟糕的地方，“utopia”是指一种理想型，令人向往的地方，二者是反义词。故选B。
【19题详解】
句意：象形文字项目的目标是把作家、科学家、工程师和艺术家聚集在一起，为未来50年后的和谐社会创造乐观的故事。
bring together聚在一起；mix up混合；take away带走；get along进展。根据“The aim of Project Hieroglyph is to… writers, scientists, engineers and artists to create optimistic stories”以及结合选项可知，象形文字项目的目标是把作家、科学家、工程师和艺术家聚集在一起。故选A。
【20题详解】
句意：创造一个反乌托邦比写一个感觉良好的故事更容易。
cheaper更加便宜；worse更糟糕；slower更慢；easier更容易。根据下文“There’s more conflict in a world full of problems, and stories are interesting…there are a lot of problems to solve.”可知，在一个充满问题的世界中会有更多的冲突，当有很多问题需要解决的时候，故事就会变得有趣。可见，创造一个反乌托邦比写一个感觉良好的故事思路更加的简单，写起来也就更加的容易。故选D。
【21题详解】
句意：在一个充满问题的世界中会有更多的冲突，当有很多问题需要解决的时候，故事就会变得有趣。
when当……时候；although尽管；so所以；until直到。根据“and stories are interesting…there are a lot of problems to solve”可知，当有很多问题需要解决的时候，故事就会变得有趣。故选A。
【22题详解】
句意：没有挑战，就没有故事。
challenge挑战；exercise练习；survey调查；decision决定。根据上文“There’s more conflict in a world full of problems”以及结合选项可知，充满问题的世界会有更多的冲突，这些冲突就是生活中的挑战，也正是有了这些挑战，才构成了故事跌宕起伏的内容。故选A。
【23题详解】
句意：其中一个是关于环保主义者，他们反对在极地地区建造第一家酒店。
risk风险；delay推迟；stop反对；continue继续。根据“One of them is about environmentalists who fight to…building the first hotel in the polar areas.”可知，环保主义者，他们应是反对在极地地区建造第一家酒店。故选C。
【24题详解】
句意：很明显故事可以激励成千上万的人聚集在他们想做的事情的周围。
who谁；what什么；which哪一个；that那个。根据“ It is clear to see that stories can inspire hundreds, thousands, millions of people to gather around something…they want to do.”可知，很明显故事可以激励成千上万的人聚集在他们想做的事情的周围。此处考查定语从句的引导词，先行词是“something”，指的是事情，并且在从句中作“do”的宾语，应用that。故选D。
【25题详解】
句意：时间将会告诉我们能够走多远。
how long多长；how far多远；how soon多久；how much多少。根据“Time will tell…we can go”可知，时间将会告诉我们能够走多远。故选B。
三、阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 15 分）
A

Give me some Space
by Philip Blunting
Una dreams of a life in Space. Life on Earth is just so-so. But how will she get there? And will she complete her mission to discover life in Space?
On May 19th 2021, Give Me Some Space! was read to over 1. 98 million children across Australia and New Zealand by NASA astronaut Shannon Walker – from the International Space Station (ISS)!
Purchase This Book

Curiosity: The Story of a Mars Rover
by: Markus Motum
On August 6, 2012, the rover Curiosity touched down on the rocky surface of Mars — and now she’s ready to guide you through her journey firsthand. From idea to creation and beyond, this fact-filled, fashionable book introduces readers to Curiosity and her mission: to discover more about the red planet and search for evidence of life.
Purchase This Book

Max Goes to Mars
by Jeffrey Bennett
Now fully updated with results from the Curiosity rover and much more, the new second edition of Max Goes to Mars picks up where Max Goes to the Moon left off, taking Max and his friends on the first human mission to Mars. There, you’ll learn how Max helps make one of the most important discoveries of all time. After returning home, Max and Tori reflect on the beauty and fragility of our own planet Earth.
Purchase This Book

Ada Lace, Take Me to Your Leader
by Emily Calandrelli with Tamson Weston
Ada Lace likes nothing more than to play with mechanics like her robot, George. Her latest project is to fix up a ham radio, something that she could use to contact people on this planet and beyond.
During a sleepover, Ada’s best friend Nina hears something strange coming from the radio in the middle of the night. A distant voice says, “Release the swarm(蜂群)!” convincing Nina that aliens are about to invade the Earth.
Purchase This Book

26. Which book was ever read to kids from the ISS?
A. Give me some Space B. Curiosity: The Story of a Mars Rover
C. Max Goes to Mars D. Ada Lace, Take Me to Your Leader
27. Whose book introduces Curiosity and her mission?
A. Philip Blunting. B. Markus Motum. C. Jeffrey Bennett. D. Emily Calandrelli.
28. Who thinks that our planet will soon be attacked by aliens?
A. Una. B. Max. C. Ada Lace. D. Nina.
【26~28题答案】
【答案】26. A27. B28. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要给我们介绍了四本关于太空的儿童读物。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“…by NASA astronaut Shannon Walker – from the International Space Station (ISS)!”可知，应该是《给我一些宇宙》这本读物是由来自国际空间站的宇航员读给孩子们的。故选A。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“…this fact-filled, fashionable book introduces readers to Curiosity and her mission: to discover…”可知，是由马库斯莫藤写的这本读物给大家介绍了好奇者和她的任务。故选B。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“A distant voice says, “Release the swarm(蜂群)!” convincing Nina that aliens are about to invade the Earth.”是妮娜听到了奇怪的声音，然后她确认外星人即将入侵地球。故选D。
B

A castle was the fortress (堡垒) and home of a king or nobleman.
Most of the castles we think of today were built in Europe. They were built from about 1, 000 AD to about 1, 500 AD, during a period known as the Middle Ages.
Castles played an important role after the fall of the Roman Empire. When a king granted land to nobles, the nobles promised in return to serve the king and provide him with soldiers. Nobles built castles on the lands given to them. But some nobles simply claimed land as their own and built a castle on it. That was asking for trouble. There were many power struggles between nobles and kings, and among the nobles themselves.
A typical stone castle had several main parts. At the centre of the castle was a tall and very strong building called the keep. This is where people in the castle made their last stand if the outer defences (防御) failed. The keep was set in a courtyard, where there were workshops, stables, and a kitchen.
High, thick walls surrounded the keep and the courtyard. Strong, round defensive towers stood at the corners of the walls. Guards walked along the tops of the walls and towers.
Many stone castles were surrounded by a wide ditch called a moat (护城河). Some moats were filled with water, but many were not. The only way into the castle was across a wooden drawbridge over the moat. If enemies attacked, the defenders raised the bridge. Then they lowered a heavy iron-and-wood barrier called a portcullis to block the entrance to the castle.
A well-built castle was a pretty safe place to be. Attackers had a hard time getting in. But they still had some options. They could go over the walls using ladders. They could smash (撞碎) through the walls or doors. Or they could dig under the walls and try to get part of the wall to fall down. If none of those things worked, they could just camp outside until the defenders ran out of food.
Attackers sometimes brought large machines called siege engines with them to break through castle doors or walls. This was a heavy wooden beam with a metal cap. In the early 1500s, cannons entered wide use in warfare. Cannonballs could dig into the base of stone walls and weaken them. The walls then fell under their own weight. As a result, castles were no longer needed.
29. The underlined word “That” refers to the fact that ________.
A. nobles built castles on the lands given to them B. the nobles promised to serve the king in return
C. some nobles simply claimed land as their own D. the nobles provided the king with soldiers
30. How many choices are mentioned to occupy a castle before the sixteenth century?
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
31. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Some castles were built to attract more visitors.
B. Kings in ancient Europe were more generous.
C. Portcullises were used to break through castle doors.
D. Warfare must be common from 1, 000 AD to about 1, 500 AD.
32. What is the best subtitle of the last two paragraphs?
A. Attacking a castle B. Visiting a castle C. A pretty safe place D. Weakness of a castle
【29~32题答案】
【答案】29. A30. B31. D32. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是城堡的历史。
【29题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“Nobles built castles on the lands given to them. But some nobles simply claimed land as their own and built a castle on it.”可知，此处是说但有些贵族干脆宣称土地是自己的，并在上面建了一座城堡。这引起很多麻烦，由此可知“That”指的是贵族们在给他们的土地上建造城堡。故选A。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“They could go over the walls using ladders. They could smash (撞碎) through the walls or doors. Or they could dig under the walls and try to get part of the wall to fall down.”和“Attackers sometimes…In the early 1500s, cannons entered wide use in warfare.”可知，攻击城堡的方式有：用梯子翻墙、砸碎墙壁或门、或者在墙下挖掘让墙的一部分倒塌以及使用大炮。因此是4种方式。故选B。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据“They were built from about 1, 000 AD to about 1, 500 AD, during a period known as the Middle Ages.”和“Castles played an important role after the fall of the Roman Empire.”可知，此处是说城堡大多建于公元1000年至公元1500年以及说城堡在罗马帝国灭亡后发挥了重要作用。由此可推断在这一时期有很多战争。故选D。
【32题详解】
标题归纳题。根据倒数第二段开头“A well-built castle was a pretty safe place to be. Attackers had a hard time getting in. But they still had some options.”和最后一段“Attackers sometimes brought large machines called siege engines with them to break through castle doors or walls.”可知，最后两段主要是讲述攻击者怎么攻击城堡的。因此A项“攻击一座城堡”符合题意。故选A。
C

Do you know some people have memories that are completely wrong? They remember things that never happened. Sometimes, many people have the same wrong memory. When this happens, it’s believed that it is because of the Mandela Effect.
People first noticed the Mandela Effect in 2013. That year, Nelson Mandela passed away. However, thousands of people remembered him dying in the 1980s. They described watching his funeral (葬礼) on TV. But in fact, Mandela lived to be 95 years old. How could that be? How could so many people have the same wrong memory?
Most experts explain the Mandela Effect using brain science. When we make memories, our brains keep them in groups. Each group includes memories that are similar to each other. Sometimes, our brains messed up (混乱). They mix two similar memories together. That’s why people thought Nelson Mandela died in the 1980s. They knew he was imprisoned (坐牢) during the 1980s. For some reason, they mixed his imprisonment with his death.
That would explain why so many people in 2013 thought Nelson Mandela was already dead. But would it explain why all those people gave similar descriptions of his funeral? Could all those people have mixed up the same two memories?
There are many other examples of the Mandela Effect. Have you ever seen the Mona Lisa? Many people remember the woman in the painting with a frown (皱眉). Others say she was straight-faced. If you look at the Mona Lisa today, you’ll find she’s smiling. Did you ever read a series of children’s books about The Berenstein Bears? No, you didn’t. In our reality, the books are about The Berenstein Bears, spelled with an “a” instead of an “e”. Still, thousands of people believe they remember the name spelled differently.
Are these wrong memories the result of mixed memories, or is there another explanation？Without further science research, we can’t say for sure!
33. What is the Mandela Effect?
A. Some people have worse memory than others.
B. Some people may have the same wrong memory.
C. People are better at remembering certain things.
D. People remember unhappy experiences more easily.
34. Why does the author give the example in Para. 2?
A. To prove his point. B. To introduce the topic.
C. To correct the view above. D. To provide the background.
35. What is the reason for the Mandela Effect given in Para. 3?
A. People are easily influenced by others. B. People pay little attention to the fact.
C. People mix two similar events up. D. People have poor memory.
36. What does the author think of the Mandela Effect?
A. Its reason is unknown. B. It lasts for a long time.
C. It is hard to avoid. D. Its effect is great
【33~36题答案】
【答案】33. B34. A35. C36. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章讲述了著名的“曼德拉效应”，即人们记住了那些从未发生过的事情的一种情况。例如许多人记得曼德拉死于20世纪80年代，甚至大家还记得在电视上看了曼德拉的葬礼报道，但实际上曼德拉于2013年去世。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Sometimes, many people have the same wrong memory. When this happens, it’s believed that it is because of the Mandela Effect.”可知，Mandela Effect就是人们有同样的错误记忆。故选B。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。通过第二段“However, thousands of people remembered him dying in the 1980s.”及最后一句“How could so many people have the same wrong memory?”可知，第二段的举例是为了证明第一段作者表达“Sometimes, many people have the same wrong memory.”这一观点的。故选A。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“They mix two similar memories together. That’s why people thought Nelson Mandela died in the 1980s.”可知，人们会把两个相似的记忆弄混淆。故选C。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Without further science research, we can’t say for sure!”可知，作者认为，如果没有进一步的科学研究的话，我们不能确定“曼德拉效应”的原因。故选A。
D

History is important to study because it is essential for all of us in understanding ourselves and the world around us. And in my opinion, studying history benefits beyond history itself, because it helps develop and improve our skills through studying history.
We can improve our reading skills by reading texts from different periods. Language has changed and developed over time and so has the way people write and express themselves. We can also improve our writing skills through learning not to just repeat what someone else said, but to analyze information from multiple sources and come up with our own conclusions. It’s two birds with one stone—better writing and critical thinking!
There are so many sources of information out in the world. Finding a decisive truth for many topics just doesn’t exist. What was a victory for one group was a great loss for another—we get to create our own opinions of these events.
History gives us the opportunity to learn from others’ past mistakes. It helps us understand many reasons why people may behave the way they do. As a result, it helps us become smarter as decision-makers.
In the study of history we will need to conduct research. This gives us the opportunity to look at two kinds of sources—primary (written at the time) and secondary sources (written about a time period, after the fact). This practice can teach us how to decipher between reliable and unreliable sources.
There are numbers and data to be learned from history. In terms of patterns: patterns in population, disappearances during times of war, and even in environmental factors. These patterns that are found help clarify why things happened as they did.
It’s incredibly important to learn to question the quality of the information and “history” we are learning. Keep these two questions in mind as we read through information: How do I know what I’m reading are facts and accurate information? Could they be the writer’s opinions?
37. The author thinks history helps make good decisions because ________.
A. we can learn from others’ past mistakes
B. we can meet many sources of information
C. we can look at primary and secondary sources
D. we can create our own opinions of the past events
38. What does the underlined word “decipher” in Para 5 mean?
A. put out B. break out C. make out D. try out
39. Why are the two questions mentioned in the last of the passage?
A. To remind readers to read historical novels carefully.
B. To warn readers not to read too many history books.
C. To emphasize the quality of the information on history.
D. To make readers doubt about the reality of history.
40. What is the best title of the passage?
A. How to study history B. Why is history important
C. Reliable data of history D. Value of studying history
【37~40题答案】
【答案】37. A38. C39. A40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了学习历史带给人们的价值。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据“History gives us the opportunity to learn from others’ past mistakes. It helps us understand many reasons why people may behave the way they do. As a result, it helps us become smarter as decision-makers.”可知，历史给了我们从别人过去的错误中学习的机会。帮助我们理解为什么人们会有这样的行为。因此作者认为历史有助于做出正确的决定，是因为我们可以从别人过去的错误中学习。故选A。
【38题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“This practice can teach us how to decipher between reliable and unreliable sources.”可知，此处提到教我们，因此推断这里应该教我们如何“区分，辨认”可靠和不可靠的信息。put out熄灭；break out爆发；make out辨认；try out试验，因此可知是make out。故选C。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据“It’s incredibly important to learn to question the quality of the information and ‘history’ we are learning.”可知，此处是说学会质疑我们正在学习的信息和“历史”的质量是非常重要的。因此可推断下文提出的两个问题是要求我们要仔细地阅读历史文章，保持质疑。故选A。
【40题详解】
标题归纳题。根据第一段“History is important to study because it is essential for all of us in understanding …improve our skills through studying history.”可知，本文主要是围绕学习历史带给人们的价值展开说明的。故选D。
第二卷（非选择题共 50 分）
四、填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 15 分）
(A)根据括号中的中文提示写出单词, 使句子意思完整正确。每空只填 1个单词。
41. The year 2021 ________ (标志) a milestone (里程碑) in the history of the Chinese Communist Party, which celebrated its centenary (一百周年) on July 1st, 2021.
【41题答案】
【答案】marked
【解析】
【详解】句意：公元2021年是中国共产党历史上的一个里程碑，它在2021年7月1日庆祝了它的一百周年。结合成分分析和中文提示可知，此空应填动词“mark”作主句的谓语；根据“The year 2021”可知，此句时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词mark应变成其过去式marked。故填marked。
42. The “double reduction” policy (双减政策) allows students to have more free time to develop their own ________ (业余爱好) and interests.
【42题答案】
【答案】hobbies
【解析】
【详解】句意：双减政策允许学生有更多的空闲时间发展自己的爱好和兴趣。根据汉语提示可知，hobby名词，意为“业余爱好”；又根据空后“and interests”可知，题空由and连接，因此这里也用名词复数。故填hobbies。
43. Being ________(诚实的) and faithful is a good virtue.
【43题答案】
【答案】honest
【解析】
【详解】句意：诚实和忠诚是一种美德。根据“a good virtue”可知，此处是诚实和忠诚是一种美德，be是连系动词，后加形容词，honest“诚实的”，是形容词，故填honest。
44. National Treasure has become ________( 广泛地) popular with its interesting plot, good performance and funny words.
【44题答案】
【答案】widely
【解析】
【详解】句意：《国宝》以其有趣的情节、出色的表演和有趣的文字而广受欢迎。根据汉语提示可知，对应的英文表达是widely，副词，意为“广泛地”。故填widely。
45. Look, a boy is sitting under a tree, with his back ________ (靠着) it.
【45题答案】
【答案】against
【解析】
【详解】句意：看，一个男孩坐在一棵树下，背靠着树。由语境和汉语提示可知，against意为“靠着”。介词。故填against。
(B)根据句子意思, 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
46. If you make up your mind and work hard, you will be ________ (success) in the end.
【46题答案】
【答案】successful
【解析】
【详解】句意：如果你下定决心并努力工作，你最终会成功的。根据题空前“be”动词可知，题空处应该填形容词作表语；success名词，意为“成功”，形容词是successful“成功的”。故填successful。
47. Qi Baishi, a famous Chinese calligrapher and painter, was regarded as “the people’s ________ (art)”.
【47题答案】
【答案】artist
【解析】
【详解】句意：齐白石是中国著名的书法家和画家，他被认为是人民艺术家。根据“Qi Baishi, a famous Chinese calligrapher and painter”可知，此处要表达的是齐白石是一位人民艺术家，此处art“艺术”变成artist“艺术家”。故填artist。
48. —Someone broke into Granny Wang’s home yesterday.
—Luckily, she ________ (walk) her dog outside at that time.
【48题答案】
【答案】was walking
【解析】
【详解】句意：——昨天有人闯入王奶奶家。——幸运的是，那时她正在外面遛狗。根据时间状语at that time可知，此处用过去进行时，其结构是was/were doing的形式，walk her dog“遛狗”，此处用walk的现在词，主语是he，be动词用was，故填was walking。
49. We shouldn’t blame ________ (us) for what happened.
【49题答案】
【答案】ourselves
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们不应该为发生的事情自责。blame oneself“自责”，根据所给词汇us可知，此处需要把us改为对应的反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。
50. ________ (keep) trying and encouraging yourself if you want to pass the exam.
【50题答案】
【答案】Keep
【解析】
【详解】句意：如果你想通过考试，继续努力并鼓励自己。句子结构为“祈使句+if条件状语从句”，主句为肯定祈使句，以动词原形开头，且首字母大写。故填Keep。
(C)根据短文内容, 从下列方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空, 使短文内容完整正确。

of course; wait a few minutes; too much; start your day with; excited
Are you always hungry in the morning? Don’t feel sorry for that. You can always ____51____ a banana shake. It will make you feel full after you drink it. Some people know a banana milk shake is good, but they don’t often drink it. They think it will bring them ____52____ weight( 体重). But that’s not really true. It has a lot of protein(蛋白质) and fiber(纤维). Both of them are important for our body. Lots of reports say banana milk shakes are good for our health.
People become ____53____ about that. And more and more people fall in love with banana milk shakes. But how can you get some?
You can usually get a banana milk shake in a nearby shop. ____54____ , you can also make a simple one at home. It’s really easy! First, prepare some sliced bananas, a cup of ice and half a cup of milk. Next, put them all into the blender. You can also add some chocolate, coconut or coffee, if you like. Then turn on the blender and ____55____ . Finally, enjoy your delicious banana milk shake!
【51~55题答案】
【答案】51. start your day with
52. too much
53. excited
54. of course
55. wait a few minutes
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文，主要讲喝香蕉奶昔对身体健康很有帮助，能够提供身体所需的蛋白质和纤维素。同时详细介绍了如何在家自制香蕉奶昔。
【51题详解】
句意：你总是从一杯香蕉奶昔开始你的一天。根据“ It will make you feel full after you drink it.”可知，喝了后让你有饱腹感。那前面应该是喝奶昔。根据所给选项及语境可判断是start your day with“以什么开始你的一天”，符合语境。故填start your day with。
【52题详解】
句意：他们认为它（喝香蕉奶昔）会让他们增加太多体重。根据“ They think it will bring them … weight”可知，这里需填个修饰词来修饰名词weight，weight“重量”，为不可数名词。根据所给词和语境可知是 too much“太多”，后面加不可数名词，符合语境。故填too much。
【53题详解】
句意：人们对那变得很兴奋。become是连系动词，后面加形容词。become excited about sth. 表示“对什么很激动或兴奋”，符合语境。故填excited。
【54题详解】
句意：当然，你也可以自己在家做个简单的（奶昔）。根据前文说的“You can usually get a banana milk shake in a nearby shop. ”以及后面的“you can also make a simple one at home.”可知，这里是表示主观判断。根据语境和所给选项，词组of course“当然”，符合语境。故填of course。
【55题详解】
句意：然后开搅拌机并等几分钟。根据文中“Then turn on the blender ”可知，前面加入的东西是在搅拌机中搅拌，根据语境和所给选项判断，这里是填wait a few minutes“等几分钟”，符合语境。故填wait a few minutes。
五、任务型阅读（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分）
阅读下面短文, 根据所读内容, 在文章后各小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填 1个单词。
Most of us have never thought about building an educational toy by ourselves. If we need a learning toy or something, we simply go to the nearest store and buy it. However, things are not as easy in third world countries. With families even having no food to put on the table, buying toys, especially the educational ones, is the last thing on the parents’ minds.
So how can one get these kids interested in science? This was a question that worried the Indian engineer Arvind Gupta so much that he decided to give up a good job and spend his life making toys from things that people no longer want or need!
Mr. Gupta began teaching in the 1970s. While still an engineering student at the Indian College of Technology, he volunteered to teach the children who could not afford to go to school. Upon graduation, he found a good job at India’s Tata Motors and spent the next five years designing cars.
But he soon realized that this was not something he wanted to do for the rest of his life. So he took a year’s training course and took part in the Hoshangabad Science Teaching Program whose aim was to make science fun and exciting for poor children using available materials.
Mr. Gupta found the whole project so satisfying that he decided to leave his high-paying job and focus his attention on designing educational toys that were not only cheap and easy to build, but are also full of scientific principles (科学原理), so that children could get interested in this interesting subject.
When the Internet started becoming a more widespread learning tool, Mr. Gupta created a Toys from Trash website and also recorded more than 250 YouTube videos.
Today, over 50, 000 children and teachers visit the website daily to download the videos for the toy creations based on cool science. Some young children have become so inspired (鼓舞) that they have even won international science competitions with the help of what he created.
Making ____56____ toys from rubbish
____57____ for making them
Most people never thought about building educational toys.
Usually people go to the nearest store to buy educational toys in ____58____.
To some families, food is more ____59____ than educational toys.
We should help children to get interested in science.
About Mr Gupta
Finding a good job and spending five years designing cars after ____60____ college.
Giving up a good job and ____61____ his life to making special toys.
Volunteering to teach the children from ____62____ families.
Taking a year’s training course to learn to make science fun and exciting for poor children Focusing his attention on designing educational toys
About the website
Toys from Trash is a website with ____63____ 250 YouTube videos
Many children visit the website and they are ____64____ with the videos for the toy creations based on cool science
With the help of his _____65_____, children have even won international science competitions
【56~65题答案】
【答案】56. educational
57. Reasons
58. need59. necessary##important
60. leaving
61. devoting
62. poor63. over
64. encouraged
65. creations
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述古普塔放弃他的好工作，制造开发有教育意义的玩具帮助贫困家庭孩子的事情。
【56题详解】
根据“Most of us have never thought about building an educational toy by ourselves”以及“Arvind Gupta...spend his life making toys from things that people no longer want or need”可知，古普塔利用废弃的物品制作有教育意义的玩具。故填educational。
【57题详解】
根据“With families even having no food to put on the table, buying toys, especially the educational ones, is the last thing on the parents’ minds”可知，第三世界国家的家庭大多贫穷，基本温饱都成问题，正是这个原因，接下来作者才决定放弃优渥的工作，从事益智玩具的制造，reason可数名词“理由”，用复数形式，注意首字母大写。故填Reasons。
【58题详解】
根据“If we need a toy or something, we go to the nearest store and buy it”可知，人们在有需要时去最近的商店买学习玩具，in need“需要”，故填need。
【59题详解】
根据“With families even having no food to put on the table, buying toys, especially the educational ones, is the last thing on the parents’ minds”可知，对于一些家庭来说，解决温饱是排在首位的。由“is more”可知，空格处应填写形容词原级，important形容词“重要的”和necessary形容词“必要的”均符合语境。故填important/necessary。
【60题详解】
根据“Upon graduation, he found a good job at India’s Tata Motors and spent the next five years designing cars”可知，毕业之后古普塔花费五年时间设计汽车。leave college“大学毕业”，after是介词，其后跟动名词。故填leaving。
【61题详解】
根据“he decided to leave his high-paying job and focus his attention on designing educational toys”可知，股普塔放弃高薪工作，全身心致力于益智玩具的设计开发。devote one’s life to意为“一生致力于”，and表并列，前后都用动名词形式。故填devoting。
【62题详解】
根据“he volunteered to teach the children who could not afford to go to school”可知，他自愿去教那些付不起学费的贫穷的孩子们，空格处修饰名词families，应填写形容词。poor形容词“贫穷的”符合语境，故填poor。
【63题详解】
根据“Mr. Gupta created a Toys from Trash website and also recorded more than 250 YouTube videos”可知，网站视频数量有250多个，more than“超过，多于”=over，故填over。
【64题详解】
根据“Today, over 50, 000 children and teachers visit the website daily to download the videos for the toy creations based on cool science. Some young children have become so inspired (鼓舞)”可知，很多孩子受到了网站视频的鼓舞激励。encourage动词“激励”，空格前有are，此处是一般现在时的被动结构am/is/are done，空格处用过去分词。故填encouraged。
【65题详解】
根据“Today, over 50, 000 children and teachers visit the website daily to download the videos for the toy creations...they have even won international science competitions with the help of what he created”可知，孩子们在古普塔发明物的激励下甚至赢得了国际科学比赛。creation可数名词“发明物”，用复数形式。故填creations。
六、首字母填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分）
根据短文内容和首字母提示, 填写所缺单词。
What is social media? Social media has been around for years now, and most of us would probably d____66____ it as any Internet medium that can be used to share information with others, including blogs, forums, games, websites and other stuff. Social media is certainly an interesting place to learn o____67____ opinions on the Internet. You can read everything from strange ideas to true facts and everything in between. But when you’re spending time online and reading so many opinions, it’s q____68____ possible that you’ll sometimes see someone write something that you strongly disagree with.
In fact, you might feel so strongly that you feel like you should reply to this person at once. You might do some r____69____, find some facts of your own and reply to what they have written. You finish writing out your reply, click “post” and w____70____ the argument!
Except that it’s not really much of a victory. Most people don’t like it when other people disagree with their ideas, e____71____ online strangers. It’s unlikely that they will change their opinion just because you argued with them. In fact, it’s possible that you m____72____ them feel more confident that they’re correct.
And the thing is, when you get in these kinds of fights online, it s____73____ influences you. You might not know it at first, b____74____ the argument that you take part in can actually have a bad effect on you mood. If you argue often, you start to enjoy arguing and then end up doing it even more. It’s a dangerous cycle.
I guess the best thing to do is to tell yourself that most arguments aren’t w_____75_____ it. There are much better and more interesting things to do, whether online or in real life.
【66~75题答案】
【答案】66. (d)escribe
67. (o)thers’
68. (q)uite
69. (r)esearch
70 (w)rite
71. (e)specially
72. (m)ake73. (s)lowly
74. (b)ut75. (w)orth
【解析】
【导语】本文阐述了作者呼吁读者利用社交软件来促进真实的社交生活。
【66题详解】
句意：社交媒体已经存在多年了，我们大多数人可能会把它描述为任何可以用来与他人分享信息的互联网媒体，包括博客、论坛、游戏、网站和其他东西。根据“can be used to share information with others, including blogs, forums, games, websites and other stuff.”及首字母可知，此处是把它描述为任何可以用来与他人分享信息的互联网媒体，describe意为“描述”；情态动词would后跟动词原形。故填(d)escribe。
【67题详解】
句意：社交媒体当然是一个在互联网上了解他人观点的有趣地方。根据“opinions on the Internet.”及首字母可知，此处指了解他人的观点，others意为“其他人”；空后的opinions 是名词，这里用名词所有格。故填(o)thers’。
【68题详解】
句意：但是，当你花时间上网阅读这么多观点时，你有时可能会看到有人写了一些你强烈反对的东西。根据“possible that you’ll sometimes see someone write something that you strongly disagree with.”及首字母可知，此处指你有时可能会看到有人写了一些你强烈反对的东西。quite意为“相当；完全地”，是一个副词，修饰形容词possible。故填(q)uite。
【69题详解】
句意：你可以做一些研究，找到自己的一些事实，然后回复他们所写的。根据“find some facts of your own”及首字母可知，此处是指做一些研究，research意为“研究”，不可数名词。故填(r)esearch。
【70题详解】
句意：你写完你的回复，点击“发布”并写下你的评论！根据“You finish writing out your reply, click “post” and”及首字母可知，此处是写下你的评论，write意为“写”；此处用动词原形与click并列。故填(w)rite。
【71题详解】
句意：大多数人不喜欢别人不同意他们的想法（尤其是网上陌生人）。根据“Most people don’t like it when other people disagree with their ideas, …online strangers.”及首字母可知，此处是指尤其是网上陌生人，especially是个“强调副词”，用来加强语气。意为“尤其是；特别是”。故填(e)specially。
【72题详解】
句意：事实上，你可能会让他们对自己的判断更加自信。根据“them feel more confident that they’re correct.”及首字母可知，这里指让他们对自己的判断更加自信，make意为“使”；结合语境可知，此处的时态为一般现在时，主语you为复数，这里用动词原形。故填(m)ake。
【73题详解】
句意：问题是，当你在网上打这类仗时，它会慢慢地影响你。根据“You might not know it at first,”及首字母可知，这里是它会慢慢地影响你，slowly意为“慢慢地”，副词，修饰动词。故填(s)lowly。
【74题详解】
句意：一开始你可能不知道，但你参与的争论实际上会对你的情绪产生不良影响。分析句子结构可知，前后句之间是转折关系，用but连接。故填(b)ut。
【75题详解】
句意：我想最好的办法是告诉自己，大多数争论都不值得。根据“There are much better and more interesting things to do, whether online or in real life.”及首字母可知，有些争论不值得，worth意为“值得”，be worth意为“值得”。故填(w)orth。
七、书面表达（满分 15 分）
76. 疫情期间，同学们不得不在家上网课。针对网课，在学生调查中发现存在两种不同观点，请以 I Prefer to Study at School/at Home（选择你赞同的一方面）为题写一篇短文。
一些学生
认为不用去学校
理由：1. 既节省路上时间又省了交通费用；
2. 有更多空余时间，可以在薄弱学科多下功夫
另一些学生
认为有必要去学校
理由：1.面对面交流学习效果更佳；
2.和同学相处，乐趣很多
我
……
理由：……（自拟至少 2 点）
提示词：网课 online course 新冠疫情 coronavirus pandemic
注意：
1. 内容涵盖要点，可适当发挥，全文连贯通顺；
2. 词数 90 词左右；
3. 文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。
I Prefer to Study __________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【76题答案】
【答案】例文：
I Prefer to Study at School
To be honest, I prefer to study at school.
I used to think how great it would be if we could study at home. We wouldn’t have to get up so early and we would have more free time to do our own things. However, the truth is not what I thought. Studying at home seems to be busier than at school.
Now, I enjoy studying at school. First, I think face-to-face communication is better for learning. Second, it’s good for us to study with classmates. We have lots of things in common and we can share things with each other and help each other.
In a word, I really hate studying online again. I guess my classmates would prefer to study at school like me.
【解析】
【详解】1.题干解读：该题目是一篇材料作文。根据“I Prefer to Study at School/at Home”来选择一个自己赞同的一方并以此为题写一篇短文。
2.写作指导：本文应该用第一人称来叙述故事内容；时态采用一般过去时和一般现在时为主。第一段选择赞同的观点；第二段描述过去的想法；第三段讲述自己为什么选择这种观点的理由；第四段进行总结。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误