2022湘鄂渝大联考雅礼十六校高三下学期第二次联考试题英语含答案

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大联考雅礼十六校2022届高三第二次联考英  语雅礼中学  南雅中学 宁乡一中 浏阳一中 常德一中  永州一中 邵阳二中 郴州二中  联合命制慈利一中 衡东一中 凤凰一中 芷江民中 韶山学校 武汉二中 孝感高中 重庆八中 审定：尹大龙苏智方 卢在愚 Craig Johnson校对：徐效实 胡业芳 总分：150分 时量：120分钟注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡指定位置上．2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑．如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号．回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上．写在本试卷上无效．3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例： How does the music make the man feel?A. £19.15.                 B. £9.18.              C. £9.15.答案是C。1. Why is Ann so upset?A. She didn’t pass one of her exams.B. She is worrying about other lessons.C. She didn’t finish her math homework.2. What does the woman usually eat?A. Junk food.B. Healthy food.C. Delivered food.3. What will the man probably do to stay warm?A. Turn on the heater.B. Use a blanket.C. Drink some hot chocolate.4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. The man’s hobby.B. The man’s travel plan.C. The man’s plan after graduating.5. What do the speakers think of the painting?A. Simple.B. Colorful.C. Complex.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Where does the conversation take place?A. In an office downtown.B. In an apartment downtown.C. In an apartment in the East End.7. What does the man want to do now?A. Get to work.    B. Go to a restaurant.    C. Visit the woman’s company.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Colleagues.    B. Classmates.    C. Cousins.9. How has the man tried to contact his brother?A. He sent him a text.    B. He went to his house.    C. He left him a voicemail.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Which subject is difficult for the woman?A. Math.    B. History.    C. Chemistry.11. When can the woman have tutoring?A. On Tuesdays.    B. On Thursdays.    C. On Fridays.12. Who is in charge of the Gifted Program?A Mrs. Lee.    B. Mr. Hobart.    C. Mr. Jennings.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What’s most probably the woman’s job?A. A diver.    B. A lifeguard.    C. A swimming instructor.14. Who called the ambulance?A. The woman.    B. One of the students.    C. The man’s colleague.15. When did the ambulance arrive?A. In 5 minutes.    B. In 10 minutes.    C. In 20 minutes.16. How did the girl react when she awoke?A. She cried out loud.B. She went back in the pool.C. She didn’t know what happened.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. Who is making the announcement?A. The football team coach.B. The school newspaper editor.C. The student government president.18. How many new teams are added this year?A. Two.    B. Three.    C. Four.19. What can the art club members do?A. Enjoy dancing nights.    B. Visit the local museum.    C. Attend concerts for free.20. Why should students join a student organization?A. To enjoy themselves.B. To keep up with world news.C. To improve academic performance.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANew Year’s Food Around the WorldHoppin' John, American SouthA major New Year's food tradition in the American South, Hoppin' John is a dish of pork-flavored field peas or black-eyed peas (symbolizing coins) and rice, frequently served with collards or other cooked greens (as they're the color of money) and cornbread (the color of gold). The dish is said to bring good luck in the new year.Different folklore traces the history and the name of this meal, but the current dish has its roots in African and West Indian traditions and was most likely brought over by slaves to North America. A recipe for Hoppin' John appears as early as 1847 in Sarah Rutledge's "The Carolina Housewife" and has been reinterpreted over the centuries by home and professional chefs.The dish reportedly got its name in Charleston, South Carolina, and it is a veritable staple of Lowcountry cooking.Twelve grapes, SpainThe people of Spain traditionally watch a broadcast from Puerta del Sol in Madrid, where revelers gather in front of the square's clock tower to ring in the New Year.Those out in the square and those watching at home partake in an unusual annual tradition: At the stroke of midnight, they eat one grape for every toll of the clock bell. Some even prep their grapes -- peeling and seeding them -- to make sure they will be as efficient as possible when midnight comes.The custom began at the turn of the 20th century and was purportedly thought up by grape producers in the southern part of the country with a bumper crop. Since then, the tradition has spread to many Spanish-speaking nations.Soba noodles, JapanIn Japanese households, families eat buckwheat soba noodles, or toshikoshi soba, at midnight on New Year's Eve to bid farewell to the year gone by and welcome the year to come. The tradition dates back to the 17th century, and the long noodles symbolize longevity and prosperity.In another custom called mochitsuki, friends and family spend the day before New Year's pounding mochi rice cakes. Sweet, glutinous rice is washed, soaked, steamed and pounded into a smooth mass. Then guests take turns pinching off pieces to make into small buns that are later eaten for dessert.21. Which city may you travel to if you want to taste fruits on New Year’s Eve?A. SavannahB. Rio de JaneiroC. Buenos AiresD. Sapporo22. These traditions share the following features exceptA. They symbolize people’s hope for the upcoming year.B. All of them are not eaten at midnight on New Year’s Eve.C. They reflect the values of a nation to a certain degree.D. They had their origin in the countryside.23. In which of the magazine will you probably find this article?A. Food and HealthB. Famous CuisineC. Global CultureD. Delicacy HuntBEver wondered if dogs can learn new words? Yes, say researchers as they have found that talented dogs may have the ability to grasp new words after hearing them only four times.While previous evidence seems to show that most dogs do not learn words, unless eventually very well trained, a few individuals have shown some extraordinary abilities, according to a study published in the journal Scientific Reports.“We wanted to know under which conditions the gifted dogs may learn novel words,” said researcher Claudia Fugazza from the Eötvös Loránd University in Hungary. For the study, the team involved two gifted dogs, Whisky and Vicky Nina. The team exposed the dogs to the new words in two different conditions.In the exclusion-based task, presented with seven known toys and one new toy, the dogs were able to select the new toy when presented with a new name. Researchers say this proves that dogs can choose by exclusion-when faced with a new word, they selected the only toy which did not have a known name.However, this was not the way they would learn the name of the toy. In fact, when they were presented with one more equally new name to test their ability to recognize the toy by its name, the dogs got totally confused and failed.The other condition, the social one, where the dogs played with their owners who pronounced the name of the toy while playing with the dog, proved to be the successful way to learn the name of the toy, even after hearing it only 4 times. “The rapid learning that we observed seems to equal children's ability to learn many new words at a fast rate around the age of 18 months,” Fugazza says. “But we do not know whether the learning mechanisms(机制） behind this learning are the same for humans and dogs.”To test whether most dogs would learn words this way, 20 other dogs were tested in the same condition, but none of them showed any evidence of learning the toy names, confirming that the ability to learn words rapidly in the absence of formal training is very rare and is only present in a few gifted dogs.24. What was the purpose of the study published in Scientific Reports?A. To better train dogs' ability to learn new words.B. To further confirm previous evidence about dogs.C. To prove extraordinary memory abilities of gifted dogs.D. To explore favorable conditions for gifted dogs' new-word learning.25.How did the dogs react when exposed to two new names in the first condition?A. Slow to understand.B. Quick to learn.C. At a loss.D. In a panic.26.What was found about dogs' new-word learning in the social condition?A. Learning through playing applied to most dogs.B. The social condition helped dogs learn new words.C. Dogs' new-word learning turned out to be less effective.D. Dogs shared similar learning mechanisms with children.27.Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Gifted Dogs Can Learn New Words RapidlyB. Dogs Identify Newly-named Toys by ExclusionC. Dogs Can Acquire Vocabulary through Tons of TrainingD. Gifted Dogs Have Similar Learning Abilities to HumansCIn the recent nearly four decades, private prisons in the U.S. have been widely denounced and criticized by people from all walks of life for frequent scandals.Last year, UN human rights experts urged the U.S. to “eliminate all for-profit detention facilities”, saying that “detainees should not become units for profit,” according to an article published on the website of the UN.In the 1980s, in an effort to ease the burdens on overcrowded public prisons, the U.S. government started to contract some companies to run private prisons and pay them for services. Over the past nearly 40 years, private prisons have expanded rapidly and formed a highly profitable industry and huge lobbying groups.According to data released by the website of The Sentencing Project, a Washington-based advocacy group, in 2019, about 116,000 prisoners were held in private prisons in the U.S., representing 8 percent of the country’s total state and federal prison population. Meanwhile, more than 30 states were in partnership with companies running private prisons.The primary goal of private prisons is to profit from anything they deal in. There’s often a prison bed occupancy guarantee clause in the contracts between U.S. federal, state, and local governments and private prison operators, which stipulates that the government should guarantee a certain occupancy rate in prison beds; and if failing to reach the rate, it will need to pay compensations to private prison operators.A study conducted by the Washington State University found that private prisons lead to an average increase of 178 new prisoners per million population per year and longer sentences, especially in nonviolent crimes that have more leeway in sentencing guidelines, according to the study.Private prison operators have made big gains from inmate services. According to reports of U.S. media, in 2020, CoreCivic generated $1.9 billion in revenue, 82.2 percent of which came from its private prison operations. In the same year, the revenue of the GEO group reached $2.3 billion.Most private prisons in the U.S. are ill-equipped. They usually build their facilities to minimum standards required by contracts with governments, in a bid to reduce operating costs. Besides, private prisons are often understaffed and correctional officers there are of varying quality. Furthermore, some private prisons connive in gangsters and bullies “maintaining” order in prisons.Private prisons in the U.S. have turned prisoners into modern-day slaves. Inmates in private prisons are forced into high-intensity and long hours of work but are paid far less than the statutory minimum hourly wage in the country. Their basic human rights are hardly guaranteed.American journalist Shane Bauer had been undercover as a prison guard at a private prison in Winnfield, Louisiana. He exposed chaotic phenomena in the prison, including forced labor, exploitation, violence, maltreatment, and corruption.“A terrifying look into one of America’s darkest and deepest ongoing embarrassments,” commented well-known U.S. literary website Literary Hub on the book.28. The initial purpose to set up private prisons was toA. Provide the prisoners with worse condition to make them realize their fault.B. Improve the congested situation in state-owned prisons.C. Create huge profit for prison operating companies.D. Respond to the request of UN human rights experts.29. What is the purpose of Paragraph 4?A. To illustrate the dark side of private prisons.B. To criticize the injustice in American judiciary.C. To explain how this system go evil.D. To stress the inequality inside the prison.30. The underlined word in Paragraph 8 probably meansA. LegalB. AppropriateC. TheoreticalD. Required31. We can learn from the passage thatA. Most of the prisoners are now locked up in private prisons.B. The equipment in the private prisons failed to meet the federal standard.C. The mafia-style governance exists in some private prisons.D. Shane Bauer conveyed his regret for the US directly in his book.DOne morning, when Gregor Samsa woke from troubled dreams, he found himself transformed in his bed into a horrible insect. He lay on his armor-like back, and if he lifted his head a little he could see his brown belly, slightly domed and divided by arches into stiff sections. The bedding was hardly able to cover it and seemed ready to slide off any moment. His many legs, pitifully thin compared with the size of the rest of him, waved about helplessly as he looked. “What’s happened to me?” he thought. It wasn’t a dream. His room, a proper human room although a little too small, lay peacefully between its four familiar walls. A collection of textile samples lay spread out on the table—Samsa was a travelling salesman—and above it there hung a picture that he had recently cut out of an illustrated magazine and housed in a nice, gilded frame. It showed a lady fitted out with a fur hat and fur scarf who sat upright, raising a heavy fur muff（暖手筒）that covered the whole of her lower arm towards the viewer. Gregor then turned to look out the window at the dull weather. Drops of rain could be heard hitting the window, which made him feel quite sad. “How about if I sleep a little bit longer and forget all this nonsense,” he thought, but that was something he was unable to do because he was used to sleeping on his right, and in his present state couldn’t get into that position. However hard he threw himself onto his right, he always rolled back to where he was. He must have tried it a hundred times, shut his eyes so that he wouldn’t have to look at the floundering legs, and only stopped when he began to feel a mild, dull pain there that he had never felt before. He thought, “What a heavy career it is that I’ve chosen! Travelling day in and day out. Doing business like this takes much more effort than doing your own business at home, and on top of that there's the curse of travelling, worries about making train connections, bad and irregular food, contact with different people all the time so that you can never get to know anyone or become friendly with them.” He felt a slight itch up on his belly; pushed himself slowly up on his back towards the headboard so that he could lift his head better; found where the itch was, and saw that it was covered with lots of little white spots which he didn’t know what to make of; and when he tried to feel the place with one of his legs he drew it quickly back because as soon as he touched it he was overcome by a cold tremble. He slid back into his former position. “Getting up early all the time,” he thought, “it makes you stupid. You’ve got to get enough sleep. Other travelling salesmen live a life of luxury. For instance, whenever I go back to the guest house during the morning to copy out the contract, these gentlemen are always still sitting there eating their breakfasts. I ought to just try that with my boss; I’d get kicked out on the spot. But who knows, maybe that would be the best thing for me. If I didn’t have my parents to think about I’d have given in my notice a long time ago, I’d have gone up to the boss and told him just what I think, tell him everything I would, let him know just what I feel. He’d fall right off his desk! And it’s a funny sort of business to be sitting up there at your desk, talking down at your inferiors from up there, especially when you have to go right up close because the boss is hard of hearing. Well, there’s still some hope; once I’ve got the money together to pay off my parents’ debt to him—another five or six years I suppose—that’s definitely what I’ll do. That’s when I’ll make the big change. “First of all though, I’ve got to get up, my train leaves at five.”32. According to the passage, Gregor initially believes his transformation is aA. curse B. disease C. nightmare D. fraud33. The author most likely includes a description of Gregor's itch in paragraph 4 toA. remind the reader that Gregor has already turned into an insectB. stress the disconnection between Gregors thoughts and his actual situationC. present important details about what Gregor's new body looks likeD. show that Gregor's thoughts are focused on the changes to his body34. The passage most strongly suggests which of the following about Gregor ?s attitude toward his profession?A. He is angry.     B. He is eager to please.    C. He is depressed.    D. He is diligent.35. The main rhetorical（修辞的）effect of the final sentence of the excerpt （“First of all though, I’ve got to get up, my train leaves at five.”） is toA. provide a solution to the conflict Gregor faces B. foretell the conflict between Gregor and hisbossC. illustrate Gregor's flexibility and ability to move onD. emphasize Gregor's extreme sense of duty第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。To achieve something, you need the right mindset. You need a mindset that knows you can succeed at what you are aiming for. ____36____ Below are some pointers.You complain about life.____37____ Do you find yourself complaining about your situation, or what other people have said or done? If you do, it means that you do not accept the reality of your situation or past. That causes stress. Rather than complain, if you have the power, you should change your situation. If you cannot change your situation, then you need to accept it. If something cannot be changed, then you must change your attitude about it.You want a pain-free lifeDon't fear pain. Pain is a part of living. You cannot travel new paths and attain success without the pain of hard work, taking risks and making mistakes. Finally, pain makes you stronger. ____38____ Rather be pleased that you have the opportunity to learn new lessons.You blame others for your problemsIf you feel anger and resentment against others, blaming them for your problems, then you need to change your mindset. ____39____ They only make you bitter. Instead of being angry, choose to learn and grow from negative experiences, and then let them go. From today, you can choose your own path and it starts with choosing your thoughts.An effective mindset is one that makes the best use of your time, energy and skills to make positive change. ____40____A．Don’t complain or worry about pain.B．Watch what you say to yourself and others.C．Your mindset will determine your future path.D．Do you know how to have the right mindset?E．You will see it doesn’t serve to benefit your progress.F．These negative thoughts will not change other people.G．How do you know if you need to change your mindset?第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Changsha, capital of central China’s Hunan Province, is 41   itself into the country’s leading center of  42   manufacturing. The city’s cluster of engineering machinery companies has been included in China’s first list of 15 sophisticated manufacturing clusters.In recent years, Changsha has 43   promoted the high-quality development of its manufacturing industry, improved the sector’s comprehensive strength and optimized its industrial 44  . The city has continuously 45   its innovation capacity and seen a 46   of major innovation outcomes. It has also promoted the extensive application of information technologies in industrialization, making its 47   manufacturing a 48  .“As a 49   in building the cluster of engineering machinery companies, the Changsha Construction Machinery Industry Association encouraged companies to 50   over 220 new products and technologies, among which five products are the first of their kind in China and even the world, breaking technological 51  ,” said Wu Jingsheng, executive vice president of the association.The association also 52   in the second Changsha International Construction Equipment Exhibition held in Changsha and organized five themed forums. It also took part in the first China Construction Machinery Leasing Conference held in the city, which attracted over 1,500 leasing companies for offline activities and over 20,000 enterprises for 53   activities.“Changsha will build itself into a leading advanced manufacturing cluster in China and 54   an example in this regard, so as to drive 55   industrial development in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan metropolitan area and the rest of Hunan Province,” said Kang Xiaoping, director of the Changsha municipal industry and information technology bureau. 41. A. transformingB. reformingC. cateringD. devoting42. A. industrialB. majorC. advancedD. apical43. A. randomlyB. vigorouslyC. casuallyD. frequently44. A. patternB. standard  C. designD. prospect45. A. adjusted    B. renewed  C. enhancedD. accelerate46. A. discovery  B. tendencyC. reviseD. stream47. A. unmannedB. sensitiveC. specialD. intelligent48. A. helping handB. calling cardC. growing trendD. pulling arm49. A. tutorB. pioneerC. followerD. core50. A. put upB. set off  C. roll outD. look into51. A. steppingstonesB. bottlenecksC. drawbacksD. ties52. A. participatedB. appearedC. directedD. starred53. A. otherB. onlineC. relevantD. vis-à-vis54. A. build upB. turn toC. set upD. beat down55. A. coordinatedB. decentralizedC. prosperousD. healthy第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Pu'er has colorful and charming national culture. In Pu'er, there are nine ethnic minority autonomous counties, 56    14 nationalities with Han, Hani, Yi, Lahu, Wa and Dai nationalities included have lived 57    generations. 61 percent of the population of this city 58   (be) from ethnic minority groups.In this city, there is the Pu'er Monument to the National Unity Oath, known as "the No. 1 Monument of New China for National Unity", Menglian Xuanfusi Department 59   (reflect) the history and culture of the Dai nationality, and a batch of national dances and songs enjoying great 60   (popular) including "Troth Plighting" and "Awa People Sing New Songs".Pu'er also boasts original ecological culture and aboriginal and mysterious, unsophisticated and fantastic national 61   (custom); the Wooden Drum Festival of the Wa nationality, the Gourd Festival of the Lahu nationality, the Torch Festival of the Yi nationality, the Water-Sprinkling Festival of the Dai nationality and 62    traditional ethnic festivals which 63   (inherit) for more than one thousand years will invite you to linger with their unique charm.Experts from 64    World Tourism Organization are also marveled that Pu'er is a 65   (poem) and romantic city and even its air is filled with romance.  第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华。你校英文报想刊登部分同学在新高考模式下的选科情况（除语、数、英之外），以此为还未选科的同学提供参考。请你向报社投稿，内容包括：1. 你的选科决定；2. 你的选科理由；3. 你的期待。注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。My Choice of Subjects_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 笫二节（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。The watch was my grandfather's. He hung it by his bed. The face was marked with elegant Roman numbers and the case was gold. My grandfather got it after his fifty years of faithful service with his firm. I often gazed at it longingly as I sat with my grandfather after school.The day I told him of my success in the examinations, he was pleased, “You'll be going to the new school next, Will. Remember you'll need plenty of patience. That's the right way." I nodded when handing him the watch. He gazed at it for some moments, and wound it. The next morning my mother told me he had died in his sleep and left me his watch. For safety, my mother was to put it away in trust until she considered me old enough to look after it. I protestedso strongly that she finally agreed to hang it in the kitchen where I could always see it.The summer soon ended and it was time for me to enter the new school. I never made friends easily, and for a time I did little more than get on speaking terms with some boys. One of them was a rich fellow whose way of impressing us was to parade his possessions before us. Everything Crawley had was better than ours-until he brought the watch.“I have a better watch than that,” I announced, attempting to impress them. "Well, show it to us,” Crawley sneeredin disbelief. Embarrassed, I promised to bring it to them that afternoon. Considering there was no way to persuade my mother to let me take the watch, I decided to wait for her to step outside and slip the watch into my pocket. So I did. After lunch, as I was too excited to wait for the return bus, I got my bike out of the shed.I rode fast, excitement coursing through me. Then suddenly a puppy ran out into my path. I pulled at my brakes so hard that the bike stopped to a sharp standstilland I fell over.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1:I picked myself up and put a trembling hand into my pocket.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:“That's not the right way. Patience, Will. Patience,” a voice echoed in my ears after the boys left.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________