高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 6 At one with nature当堂达标检测题

这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 6 At one with nature当堂达标检测题，共8页。试卷主要包含了A.labr B，A.rebuilt B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
A
A study has fund that warmer waters ff Nrth America's West Cast caused many kinds f sea life t mve farther nrth than ever befre.
The study was a prject f scientists frm the University f Califrnia, Davis.The scientists examined waters ff the cast f Nrthern Califrnia in the eastern Pacific Ocean.The researchers say they recgnized a lcal f 67 species (物种) between 2014 and 2016, during what was described as a “marine heatwave”．Marine heatwaves were explained in the study as “a perid f extreme sea surface temperatures lasting fr days t mnths”．The 2014－2016 heatwave is thught t be the largest ever recrded.The warm water later mved suthward tward Califrnia.
The warmer waters were partly a prduct f El Niñ cnditins during the same perid, researchers nted.El Niñ develps when winds ff the cast f Suth America weaken.This enables the warm water in the western Pacific t mve eastward.El Niñ ften causes cean temperatures in the area t rise between 2 t 4 degrees Celsius, the study fund.
The researchers reprted that 37 f the 67 species they studied had never befre been bserved s far nrth as Califrnia.These creatures are native t an area hundreds f kilmeters t the suth, mainly arund Baja Califrnia in Mexic.A few were even fund nrth f Califrnia, ff the state f Oregn.The nrthward travel f s many different sea creatures was cnsidered “unprecedented” (史无前例的) by the researchers.Amng the species fund in the study were a meat­eating sea slug that hunts ther sea slugs, a sea snail “butterfly” and a purple­lined jellyfish.Anther unexpected visitr was the pelagic red crab, which researchers said had nly been fund in areas ff the cast f Mexic.
Scientists invlved in the study believe the findings can prvide valuable infrmatin fr knwing future sea life reactins t warming ceans.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海洋热浪致美国大量海洋生物异常北迁。
1．What is a marine heatwave accrding t the passage?
A．An cean with the rugh surface.
B．A wave with lw temperatures.
C．A perid f warmer cean surface water.
D．A species living in extreme weather.
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第二段中的Marine heatwaves were explained in the study as “a perid f extreme sea surface temperatures lasting fr days t mnths”．可知，海洋热浪是一个海洋表层水变暖的时期。
2．What cntributes t El Niñ cnditins?
A．Warmer waters.
B．Weakened winds ff Suth America.
C．The clder sea surface.
D．Species mving nrthward.
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第三段中的El Niñ develps when winds ff the cast f Suth America weaken.可知，南美洲减弱的风促使了厄尔尼诺现象的产生。
3．Why des the authr mentin the meat­eating sea slug in Paragraph 4?
A．T pint ut that cean envirnment becmes wrse.
B．T suggest that sea creatures need separate living space.
C．T prve that many kinds f sea life can adapt t warmer waters.
D．T evidence that cean temperatures alng Califrnia are higher than befre.
解析：选D 推理判断题。由第四段内容可知，所有研究的67个物种中，有37个在加利福尼亚州北部从未被观察，这是因为加利福尼亚州沿岸的海洋温度比以前高。作者在第四段中提到了食肉海蛞蝓就是为了证明加利福尼亚州沿岸的海洋温度比以前高了。
4．What can be inferred frm the passage?
A．The heatwaves disturb the life f many sea creatures.
B．The increased temperature benefits many sea creatures.
C．Sea life reactins can be valuable t predict future heatwaves.
D．The heatwaves cause many unexpected visitrs t mve suthward.
解析：选A 推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第一段内容可知，海洋热浪导致美国大量海洋生物异常北迁，这是一种被迫性地迁移。根据海洋生物的被迫迁移可以判断出，热浪扰乱了许多海洋生物的生活。
B
Plastics remain ne f the mst­used materials fr making many things.Things made f plastics can be very strng and last a lng time.Plastics are als much lighter than metal and can easily be frmed int different shapes.Plastics can take hundreds f years t break dwn n their wn.And very few kinds are highly recyclable.
A team f researchers wrking at the US Department f Energy says it has created a kind f plastic that culd lead t prducts that are 100 percent recyclable.It recently reprted the discvery in a study in the jurnal Nature Chemistry.
The researchers say the new material is a plastic plymer (聚合体) called plydiketenamine, r PDK.The team reprts the material can be brken dwn in parts at the mlecular (分子的) level.It can then be built up again t frm plastics f different shapes, textures and clrs.The researchers say this prcess can be repeated ver and ver again — withut the plastic material lsing any perfrmance r quality.
“Mst plastics were never made t be recycled, ” lead researcher Peter Christensen said in a statement.“ But we have discvered a new way t assemble plastics that takes recycling int cnsideratin frm a mlecular perspective.”
Many plastics have different chemicals added t them t make them mre useful and pwerful.The prblem is that these chemicals attach t the mnmers (单体)，which remain in plastics even after the material gets prcessed at a recycling plant.The research team reprted that, with the newly discvered PDK material, the mnmers culd be recvered and separated frm any chemical additives.
Next, the researchers plan t develp PDK plastics “with a wide range f thermal and mechanical prperties”．These plastics culd be used fr many kinds f clth, as well as things such as 3D printed materials and fams.In additin, the team is trying t include plant­based materials in the prcess.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个研究团队正在研究一种新型的塑料，这种塑料更容易降解，更耐用且可以循环利用。
5．What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A．Plastics are never highly recyclable.
B．Plastics are widely used in ur lives.
C．Plastics have bth advantages and disadvantages.
D．Plastics take hundreds f years t break dwn.
解析：选C 段落大意题。根据文章第一段的Things made f plastics can be very strng and last a lng time very few kinds are highly recyclable.可知，塑料结实耐用，更易成型；需要上百年才能降解，且几乎不能循环利用；所以本段既讲了塑料的优点也讲了缺点。故选C。
6．What des the underlined wrd “It” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A．The new material.
B．The research team.
C．The mlecular level.
D．The prducing prcess.
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据前句The team reprts the material can be brken dwn in parts at the mlecular (分子的)level.和画线词后面的can then be built up again t frm plastics f different shapes, textures and clrs可知，it指代的是前文提到的新材料，尤其从can be和can then be这两个并列句可以推出前后讲的是同物。故选A。
7．Why d many plastics have different chemicals added t them?
A．T make them easy t break dwn.
B．T make them easy t get prcessed.
C．T make it pssible fr them t be recycled.
D．T make them strnger and mre widely used.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的Many plastics have different chemicals added t them t make them mre useful and pwerful.可知，加入其它化学物质的目的是让塑料更有用，更耐用。故选D。
8．What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A．PDK plastics will be sn put t gd use.
B．PDK plastics may have a prmising prspect.
C．The researchers are busy develping PDK plastics.
D．Plant­based materials have been used in the new plastics.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的These plastics culd be used fr many kinds f clth, as well as things such as 3D printed materials and fams.可知，这种新型塑料在将来可以被用在很多领域，例如布料，3D打印和泡沫。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Mlai grew up in a tiny village in India.The village lay near sme wetlands which became his secnd 1 .He learned the value and beauty f 2 there frm a very yung age.
When he was 16, Mlai began t ntice smething 3 happening arund his hme.A fld had hit the area earlier that year and the 4 it caused had driven away a number f birds. 5 ， the number f snakes had declined as well.He 6 that it was because there weren't enugh trees t prtect them frm the 7 .The slutin, f curse, was t plant trees s the animals culd seek 8 during the daytime.He turned t the 9 department fr help but was tld that nthing wuld grw there.Hwever, Mlai went lking n his wn and 10 a nearby island where he began t plant trees.
11 yung plants in the dry seasn was 12 fr a lne by.Mlai built at the 13 f each sapling (幼树) a bamb platfrm, where he placed earthen pts with small hles t 14 rainwater.The water wuld then drip (滴落) n the plants belw.
Mlai 15 t plant trees fr the next 37 years.His effrts have resulted in 1,360 acres f naturally­grwn land that has becme hme t many plants and animals.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个印度男孩几十年如一日在所在的村庄周边的荒岛上植树造林，最后把荒岛变成了多种动植物生长的家园的故事。
1．A.dream B．jb
C．hme D．chice
解析：选C 根据第一句可知小村庄是他的家，那么后文提到的wetlands就是他的第二个家了。故选C。
2．A.nature B．yuth
C．culture D．knwledge
解析：选A 根据下文他植树造林保护动植物可推知，他深知自然的价值。故选A。
3．A.precius B．interesting
C．disturbing D．awkward
解析：选C 根据下一句“洪水侵袭了这一地区，迫使很多鸟类离开，蛇的数量也在减少”可知，不好的事情发生了。disturbing“令人不安的”，符合语境。故选C。
4．A.waste B．tensin
C．pain D．damage
解析：选D 分析句子结构可知it caused为定语从句且it指的是fld。结合句意可知，此处是指洪水带来的损害导致鸟类离开此地，cause damage 造成损害，为习惯搭配。故选D。
5．A.Besides B．Hwever
C．Therefre D．Otherwise
解析：选A 由前一句“鸟类飞走了”和后一句“蛇的数量也减少了”可知，两句都是洪水的危害。hwever和therwise表示转折关系，therefre表示因果关系，besides表示递进关系。故选A。
6．A.agreed B．realized
C．remembered D．predicted
解析：选B 结合空后宾语从句的内容可知，这是他分析后得出的结论。故选B。
7．A.nise B．heat
C．disease D．dust
解析：选B 结合本句中的weren't enugh trees和下一句中的during the daytime可推知，树木用来遮荫，保护这些动物免受太阳照射的热量。故选B。
8．A.directins B．partners
C．help D．shelter
解析：选D 根据常识可知，树木在炽热的阳光下可以为动物提供遮蔽。故选D。
9．A.labr B．plice
C．frest D．finance
解析：选C 根据上下文可知，要解决问题就得种树，他自然会向林业相关部门寻求帮助。故选C。
10．A.rebuilt B．discvered
C．left D．managed
解析：选B 根据空后的内容a nearby island可知，他找到一个小岛。故选B。
11．A.Decrating B．Observing
C．Watering D．Guarding
解析：选C 结合下文的内容可知，本段讲的是树木的灌溉问题。故选C。
12．A.tugh B．illegal
C．fantastic D．beneficial
解析：选A 结合句意“在干旱季节给树苗浇水对于一个男孩来说是很……”和下文他所做的努力可知应该是很“困难的”。故选A。
13．A.back B．tp
C．ft D．side
解析：选B 结合下一句中的n the plants belw可推知，在树的上方他建了一个小装置。故选B。
14．A.cl dwn B．keep ff
C．purify D．cllect
解析：选D 结合下一句“雨水会从上方的装置中滴下去给树浇水”可知，这种装置是为了收集雨水。故选D。
15．A.returned B．learned
C．failed D．cntinued
解析：选D 根据时间状语fr the next 37 years可知，他继续做这样的事情很长时间，故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A small twn in England is teaching the wrld that it is imprtant 1 (grw) yur wn fd.Any pen space 2 (use) t grw fruit and vegetables.There are apples, pears, peaches, strawberries, cabbages and carrts, here and there.Everyne can pick them 3 free.Eight years ag, a wman named Pam in Tdmrden dug up her rse garden.She planted vegetables, kncked dwn the garden walls and put up a sign 4 (say), “Help yurself？” Tday, Pam has 5 (cmplete) changed the twn.A new twn has been brn, 6 is called “Incredible Edible Tdmrden”．Pam explained why she thught the idea was ppular.“It's pssible and psitive.Many peple knw we have t change, 7 hw we d that is a questin.S ne day, she gathered all the 8 (villager) tgether.They decided t d smething different at nce.They didn't write reprts.They didn't ask fr permissin.They just did it.Only a shrt time later, Tdmrden 9 (becme) a big garden f fruit and vegetables.In Tdmrden, there is a mtt: If yu eat, yu are in.But that's nt all.There are 10 (many) than 700 edible twns ppping up arund the wrld, frm Canada t Mali.Peple there think abut fd and prtect the envirnment at the same time.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国的一个小镇自己种植食物，开放采摘，保护环境，并且引起了很多小镇效仿的故事。
1．t grw it is imprtant t d sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事很重要”。故填t grw。
2．is used 根据A small twn in England is teaching the wrld可知，文章是讲现在的事，所以时态用一般现在时；主语Any pen space为不可数名词，和use构成被动关系。故填is used。
3．fr fr free为固定搭配，意为“免费的”。故填fr。
4．saying 动词say和逻辑主语sign构成主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填saying。
5．cmpletely 修饰动词change应用副词。故填cmpletely。
6．which 空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为A new twn，且从句中缺少主语。故填which。
7．but/yet 前文讲“许多人知道我们必须改变”，后文讲“我们如何做到是一个问题”，前后句意构成转折关系。故填but或yet。
8．villagers villager(村民)为可数名词，所以all后面应用复数。故填villagers。
9．became 根据上文的ne day可知，此处是讲过去的事情，所以用一般过去时。故填became。
10．mre 根据than可知，此处应用比较级。故填mre。