必刷20 任务型阅读-2022年中考英语二轮复习能力强化必刷题(真题+模拟)(通用版)（答案＋解析）

这是一份必刷20 任务型阅读-2022年中考英语二轮复习能力强化必刷题(真题+模拟)(通用版)（答案＋解析），文件包含必刷20任务型阅读模拟解析版-2022年中考英语二轮复习能力强化必刷题真题+模拟通用版docx、必刷20任务型阅读真题解析版-2022年中考英语二轮复习能力强化必刷题真题+模拟通用版docx、必刷20任务型阅读模拟原卷版-2022年中考英语二轮复习能力强化必刷题真题+模拟通用版docx、必刷20任务型阅读真题原卷版-2022年中考英语二轮复习能力强化必刷题真题+模拟通用版docx等4份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共82页， 欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读填表
1
（2021·内蒙古内蒙古）阅读短文，根据文章内容，完成下列表格。每空一词。
In sme cuntries, lunch time ften means sup time! Hwever, sup is just ne thing that can be eaten fr lunch. What yu eat fr lunch may be different frm the lunch f smene wh lives in anther cuntry. Let’s see tgether!
Mexic: Tasting Trtillas (薄玉米饼)
Many children in Mexic eat trtillas fr lunch. Mst trtillas are made frm grund crn. But smetimes wheat flur (面粉) is used. D yu knw the shapes f trtillas? Trtillas are usually flat and rund, but they can als be made int ther shapes. Delicius sauces, called salsas, are ften added ttacs (玉米卷). These sauces are made frm tmates, nins and ht peppers.
Russia: Sipping Sup
Winters in Russia are very cld. Maybe that’s why many Russian children eat sup fr lunch. Tw f their favrites are cabbage sup and beet (甜菜) sup. Many Russian sups als include ptates. They are an imprtant crp in Russia. They make sups thick and rich. Eating thick sups can help keep peple warm and can fill them up, s hunger is nt a prblem.
Suth Krea: Passing the Pickles (泡菜)
Meals in Krea are made up f many dishes. N matter what else is served, there is always rice. Kimchi (泡菜) is als always n the table. Kimchi is a kind f meat r vegetable. Krean children mix tgether many dishes at meals. It’s cmmn fr their fd t be ht and spicy (辣的).
These are what kids are eating fr lunch arund the wrld.
【答案】1. Different
2. besides
3. ppular
4. full
5. cmmn
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍墨西哥、俄罗斯和韩国孩子们午餐吃的东西。
1. 根据“What yu eat fr lunch may be different frm the lunch f smene wh lives in anther cuntry.”可知，你午餐吃的东西可能与住在另一个国家的人的午餐不同，即不同国家的人吃不同的午餐。故填Different。
2. 根据“Trtillas are usually flat and rund, but they can als be made int ther shapes.”可知，玉米饼通常是又平又圆的，但也可以做成其他形状。即除了平的和圆的，还可以做成其它形状。故填besides。
3. 根据“Tw f their favrites are cabbage sup and beet (甜菜) sup.”可知，他们最喜欢的两种汤是卷心菜汤和甜菜汤，最喜欢的也可以说是最受欢迎的。故填ppular。
4. 根据“Eating thick sups can help keep peple warm and can fill them up, s hunger is nt a prblem.”可知，喝浓汤既能保暖又能填饱肚子，所以饥饿不是问题，此处表示“饱”，在句中作表语。故填full。
5. 根据“It’s cmmn fr their fd t be ht and spicy (辣的).”可知，韩国的食物通常都很辣。故填cmmn。
2
（2021·湖南湘西）根据短文内容,完成表格中所缺的信息,每空不超过3个单词。
Hbbies are fr everyne at any age. If yu are lking fr a new hbby, but yu’re nt sure what it is, please read the passage.
Try new things.
Yu shuld try new things t find a new hbby. Befre yu try a new thing, yu might think, “I dn’t like that.” Why nt give it a chance if yu’ve never dne it?
Learn new things.
Yu’re never t yung r t ld t learn mre in life. It is a gd idea t write dwn 3 new things every week. Dn’t wrry if yu knw little abut them. Yu can read mre abut these things and yu might nt just learn smething, but develp a real interest.
Cllect things.
There are many things t cllect, such as cins, cards and tickets. Fr example, if yu are a ftball fan, yu can cllect ftball cards.
Cmmunicate with thers.
Yu ften meet new peple and dn’t mind making friends with them. Yu can learn frm them and find new hbbies. When yu share the same hbby with yur friends, yu will find it really interesting.
【答案】6. Hbbies
7. give
8. Learn new things.
9. ftball cards
10. making friends
【解析】文章介绍了寻找新的兴趣爱好的一些方法。
6. 根据“Hbbies are fr everyne at any age.”可知，爱好适合任何年龄的人，故填Hbbies。
7. 根据“Yu shuld try new things t find a new hbby. Befre yu try a new thing, yu might think, “I dn’t like that.” Why nt give it a chance if yu’ve never dne it?”可知，如果你从未做过这件事情，应该给它一个机会，情态动词shuld后加动词原形。故填give。
8. 根据“Yu’re never t yung r t ld t learn mre in life. It is a gd idea t write dwn 3 new things every week.”可知，对应的标题是Learn new things，首字母大写。故填Learn new things。
9. 根据“if yu are a ftball fan, yu can cllect ftball cards.”可知，如果你是一个足球迷，你可以收集足球卡，故填ftball cards。
10. 根据“Yu ften meet new peple and dn’t mind making friends with them.”可知，遇到新朋友时，不要介意和他们交朋友，mind ding sth.介意做某事。故填making friends。
二、阅读匹配
（2021·山东淄博）阅读材料, 将左边五位同学遇到的问题与专家所给的建议A～E进行匹配。
【答案与解析】短文介绍了五位同学遇到的问题，然后专家给出了相应的建议。
11. 根据“My dad lst his jb. We have mney, but I dn’t knw if we have enugh t last.”可知，该同学面对爸爸失去工作，该同学担心钱够不够用，D项中的建议“告诉他们你的感受。虽然他们现在可能不知道所有的答案。给彼此多一点空间。在变化的时期，人们感到悲伤或心烦意乱是很自然的。记住，当你的家人决定如何前进时，善待自己，善待他人。”与之相对应。故选D。
12. 根据“I want t spend mre time with her.”可知，该同学想多陪陪妈妈，与B项中“问她你们俩能不能找个时间坐下来谈谈你们心里的事。此外，你可以开始每天的‘团队’活动，比如一起洗碗。做家务是聊天、唱歌或讲笑话的好时机”的建议相对应，故选B。
13. 根据“teach my sister pian”可知，该同学的问题与“教妹妹弹钢琴”有关，E项的建议“和你的父母和姐姐谈谈他们的期望。一起为课程制定一个清晰的计划。这将帮助你走向成功。你也可以考虑使用一本钢琴书，它可以帮助你计划每节课。最后，记住对你的妹妹要有耐心”与之对应， 故选E。
14. 根据“My mm tells me t get rid f sme f my things, but they all seem special.”可知，该同学的问题与断舍离有关，A项的建议“问问自己，你是否真的重视和利用它们。注意在一个月的时间里你都用了什么。在这个月底，你可以考虑把你不用的东西送出去。知道你的东西会给别人带来快乐，可能会帮助你放手”与之相符。故选A。
15. 根据“My parents argue a lt. I wish I culd make them stp. It’s really upsetting.”可知，该同学希望父母停止吵架，C项中的建议“就像孩子一样，大人有时也会意见不合。他们必须解决自己的分歧。如果你感到不开心，把注意力放在那些能让你平静下来的事情上。做一些你喜欢的活动，或者写作或画画来表达你的感受。”与之对应。故选C。
三、阅读回答问题
1
（2021·山东淄博）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
I traveled t Blefuscu, where the Emperr was very kind t me.
One day I went fr a walk n the beach. I was feeling sad and unhappy, and I was thinking abut England. Suddenly I saw a bat in the water. It was a real ship’s bat, nt ne f the little bats f the Blefuscu peple. This was a real bat, big enugh fr smene f my size! l was very excited, and l ran int the sea. I swam ut t the bat, and climbed nt it. Then I tk the bat back t the shre, and tied it up carefully.
I tld the Emperr f Blefuscu abut the bat.
“I’m lnely here,” I tld him. “I want t g back t England. Maybe I can use that bat t g hme, if yu will help me. It’ll be a lng jurney, but I’m sure I can d it.”
“Very well,” he said, “I’ll help yu, Gulliver. I’ll give yu fd and drink t put in the bat.”
The Emperr rdered his men t prepare my bat. They gave me a lt f meat and wine. They als put sme animals int the bat—six cws, tw bulls and eight sheep. After a few days everything was ready.
l sailed away frm Blefuscu. The sea was very big and lnely. After sme days, I saw a large ship, and I fllwed it. I was an English ship, and ne f the sailrs saw me. They stpped, and tk me n bard. They were ging t England, and they tk me with them.
The captain was a friendly man. I tld him abut my adventures(冒险) in Lilliput and Blefuscu. He did nt believe me.
“Little men!” he laughed. “Yu tell a gd stry, sir,” he said, “but it’s an impssible stry, all the same.” And he laughed again.
“Then where d yu think this came frm?” I asked him. I put my hand in my pcket, and tk ut ne f the tiny sheep frm Blefuscu. I shwed it t the captain. Nw he believed my stry!
16. Why did Gulliver want t g back t England?
_________________________________________
17. Hw did Gulliver leave Blefuscu?
_________________________________________
18. Hw did the Emperr f Blefuscu help Gulliver?
_________________________________________
19. Hw did Gulliver make the captain believe him?
_________________________________________
20. What made Gulliver think the captain was friendly?
_________________________________________
【答案】16. Because he was lnely.
17. By using a bat.
18. He gave Gulliver fd and drink and rdered his men t prepare Gulliver’s bat.
19. He put his hand in his pcket, and tk ut ne f the tiny sheep frm Blefuscu.
20. The captain let him stay n bard, listened t his stry patiently and believed him at last.
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，节选自《格列佛游记》，格列佛去了不来夫斯库后继续前行，航行中他遇到了一艘英国船只，并且让船长相信了他说的话。
16. 根据第四段“I’m lnely here,” I tld him. “I want t g back t England.”可知他很孤独，故填Because he was lnely.
17. 根据第四段“Maybe I can use that bat t g hme, if yu will help me.”以及第七段“l sailed away frm Blefuscu. ”可知他是用一个小船，故填By using a bat.
18. 根据第五段“ I’ll help yu, Gulliver. I’ll give yu fd and drink t put in the bat.”以及第六段“The Emperr rdered his men t prepare my bat”可知他给格列佛食物和饮料。他命令手下准备格列佛的船。故填He gave Gulliver fd and drink and rdered his men t prepare Gulliver’s bat.
19. 根据最后一段“ I put my hand in my pcket, and tk ut ne f the tiny sheep frm Blefuscu. I shwed it t the captain. Nw he believed my stry!”可知他把手伸进口袋，掏出一只来自不来夫斯库的小绵羊。故填He put his hand in his pcket, and tk ut ne f the tiny sheep frm Blefuscu.
20. 根据最后四段的内容可知，船长让他留在船上，耐心地听了他的故事，最后相信了他。这使得格列佛认为船长是友好的。故填The captain let him stay n bard, listened t his stry patiently and believed him at last.
2
（2021·江苏淮安）D yu put up yur hand when yu want t speak in class? If s, yu have fllwed a rule. Rules can be as simple as putting up yur hand. They can als be as cmplicated(复杂的) as knwing when yu are”ut”in a game.
Rules can be made by anyne. Parents make rules t help children grw up healthily. Rules at hme might include washing dishes r cleaning rms.
Teachers make rules t help students learn and stay safe. Putting up yur hand befre asking a questin helps the class pay attentin t the lessn. Students make rules in games t make sure that they can play withut fighting. Rules can be changed ften. If yu change yur minds, yu can change the rules.
Laws are rules t, but they are made differently. Laws are made by elected representatives(被选出的代表). Vters(选民) allw their representatives t make laws that can prtect peple’s rights, safety and make sure everyne can be treated fairly. Laws cannt be changed ften, s representatives cnsider laws carefully befre making new nes.
The biggest difference between rules and laws is the punishment(处罚) fr breaking them. If yu break a rule, yur punishment might be small, like lsing a turn in a game. Hwever, if a persn breaks an imprtant law, the punishment might be a fine(罚款) r time in prisn.
Rules and laws keep everyne safe. Peple can wrk and live tgether in peace by fllwing rules and laws.
根据上面短文的内容回答问题（每个小题答案不超过6个单词）
21. Can anyne make rules?
________________________________________
22. Wh makes rules t help students learn and stay safe?
________________________________________
23. Why d representatives cnsider laws carefully befre making new nes?
________________________________________
24. What’s the biggest difference between rules and laws?
________________________________________
25. Hw can peple live tgether in peace?
________________________________________
【答案】21. Yes, he/she can.
22. Teachers.
23. Because laws cannt be changed ften.
24. The punishment fr breaking them.
25. By fllwing rules and laws.
【解析】文章主要介绍了规则和法律对人们的作用以及它们的区别。
21. 根据“Rules can be made by anyne.”可知，任何人都可以制定规则，故填Yes, he/she can.
22. 根据“Teachers make rules t help students learn and stay safe.”可知，老师制定规则帮助学生学习并保持安全，故填Teachers.
23. 根据“Laws cannt be changed ften, s representatives cnsider laws carefully befre making new nes.”可知，因为法律不能经常改变，所以代表在制定新法律之前要仔细考虑法律。故填Because laws cannt be changed ften.
24. 根据“The biggest difference between rules and laws is the punishment(处罚) fr breaking them.”可知，规则和法律之间最大的区别是对违反之后的惩罚。故填The punishment fr breaking them.
25. 根据“Peple can wrk and live tgether in peace by fllwing rules and laws.”可知，通过遵守规则和法律，人们可以和平地工作和生活在一起。故填By fllwing rules and laws.
3
（2021·辽宁大连）
Teen’s ‘wuxia’ wrld
While many teenagers are struggling (奋斗) t write articles fr their exams, Jin Minzhe has already written a whle bk.
The 15-year-ld by frm Suzhu, Jiangsu, recently published (出版) his wuxia nvel Ji Chi Jing Hng He Shan Yi(《几尺惊鸿河山意》). The stry is set during the Suthern and Nrthern Dynasties (420-581). A yung man lays dwn his pen and takes up a swrd t fight fr his hmeland.
“I lve Jin Yng’s wuxia stries,” Jin tld Gusu Evening News. “I als lve histry. In the seventh grade, I traveled t Wuzhen, where Prince Xia Tng frm the Liang Dynasty nce lived, and I was inspired(受启发) t write a wuxia stry based n(以……为根据) him.”
In a vide interview with Xinhua, Jin lks a little bit shy. But when it cmes t writing, he becmes smene bld. He shared a lt f his writing experiences actively. “I wrte arund the clck as my ideas kept cming. After abut 20 days, I finished mre than 300 pages,” Jin said.
Jin’s writing skills might cme frm his lve f reading. In primary schl, he reads fur bks every week. In junir high schl, where schlwrk is heavy, he still reads three t fur bks a mnth.
? “My father lves histry, s we ften talk abut ur reading experiences and share ur different pinins,” Jin said. “My mm takes me t bkstres and writers’ lectures. She als tk care f me when I wrte the bk, reminding me nt t stay up t late.”
Jin said literature(文学) gave him a sense f calm and freedm. “Nthing can stp me frm reading and writing,” he said.
26. Hw ld was Jin Minzhe when his wuxia nvel came ut?
_________________________________________________
27. What is Jin’s nvel abut?
__________________________________________________
28. What did Jin get frm his trip t Wuzhen?
__________________________________________________
29. What des the underlined wrd “bld” mean in Chinese?
__________________________________________________
30. What sentence can be put in the blank?
___________________________________________________
31. Why culd Jin write the nvel successfully?
____________________________________________________
【答案】26. 15/Fifteen.
27. It’s a stry abut a yung man fight fr his hmeland.
28. The inspiratin t write a wuxia stry.
29. “大胆的”.
30. Hw did I fall in lve with bks and read s many bks?
31. Because he has a great knwledge and lves sharing his ideas.
【解析】本文讲述了一位15岁少年用文字构筑快意江湖的故事。
26. 根据第二段“The 15-year-ld by frm Suzhu, Jiangsu, recently published his wuxia nvel Ji Chi Jing Hng He Shan Yi.”可知，金敏哲的武侠小说问世时，他15岁，故答案为15/Fifteen.
27. 根据第二段“The stry is set during the Suthern and Nrthern Dynasties (420-581). A yung man lays dwn his pen and takes up a swrd t fight fr his hmeland.”可知，这个关于一个年轻人放下笔拿起剑为祖国而战的故事，故答案是It’s a stry abut a yung man fight fr his hmeland.
28. 根据第三段“In the seventh grade, I traveled t Wuzhen, where Prince Xia Tng frm the Liang Dynasty nce lived, and I was inspired t write a wuxia stry based n him.”可知，金从乌镇的旅行中得到了写武侠故事的灵感，故答案是The inspiratin t write a wuxia stry.
29. 根据前句“In a vide interview with Xinhua, Jin lks a little bit shy.”及转折连词but可推测，句中bld应和shy“害羞的”意思相反，意为“大胆的”，故答案为“大胆的”.
30. 因为本段讲述了金敏哲的父亲热爱历史，经常和他谈论阅读经历，分享不同观点，他的妈妈经常带他去书店和作家讲座，并在他写书的时候照顾他，所以这段总领句是告诉我们金敏哲是怎么爱上书，并读了那么多书的，故答案为Hw did I fall in lve with bks and read s many bks?
31. 根据文中“Jin’s writing skills might cme frm his lve f reading.”以及“He shared a lt f his writing experiences actively.”可知，金能成功地写这部小说，因为他有广泛的知识，并喜欢分享他的想法，故答案为Because he has a great knwledge and lves sharing his ideas.
四、阅读补全短文
（2021·江苏镇江）While dgs are the mst ppular husehld pet, cats run a clse secnd. Cats are nt ften nticed by peple chsing a new fur-legged friend. An animal expert explains why they make fantastic pets.
Cats VS Dgs It seems that many peple prefer dgs t cats. Often peple wh grew up with dgs find it difficult t imagine wning and lving cats. But they can be surprised t learn hw friendly and respnsive cats are.
Gd pints f keeping cats Cats are always in small size. They can be a great pet chice fr peple with limited space and busy lifestyles. They dn’t have the exercise requirements like dgs. Besides, they are quiet and clean. In a wrd, cats are lw maintenance and happy t be left alne indrs. Cats can be very playful and interactive with children and ffer them chances t learn t care fr anther, living being.
Keeping dgs and cats tgether Dgs and cats becme great cmpanins(伙伴), especially if they are raised at the same time. They can becme friends with each ther, the yunger, the better.
Help t decide If yu’ve never actually wned a cat, but are thinking f it, talk t cat wners, r ffer t huse-sit fr a cat wner. Yu culd visit an animal centre and interact with cats. It helps decide whether yu might enjy their cmpaninship. Yu may be surprised t discver hw wnderful cats really are.
阅读以上信息，用恰当的单词完成下面的短文，每空一词。
Thugh it seems that there are mre dg lvers than cat lvers, an animal expert tells sme ____32____ f keeping cats. If peple keep cats as pets, they must be surprised t find they are friendly and respnsive. Cmpared with dgs, cats have sme ____33____. They are quiet and clean. Als they need less space and are ____34____ t lk after, while dgs always need t be walked. Dg lvers can als raise cats as dgs’ cmpanins when they are yung. Besides, keeping cats can ____35____ children’s sense f caring fr ther living beings: The ____36____ f the fllwing activities help yu decide t keep cats, like talking t cat wners r visiting an animal centre and interacting with cats.
【答案】32. causes/ reasns
33. advantages
34. easier
35. develp/frm
36. experiences
【解析】本文主要介绍了养猫的好处，并提供了一些参考建议让你决定是否养猫。
32. 根据“An animal expert explains why they make fantastic pets.”可知，动物专家解释了为什么养猫的原因，cause或reasn都表示“原因”，sme修饰名词的复数形式，故填causes/ reasns。
33. 根据“ They are quiet and clean. Als they need less space”可知，这些都是养猫的优势，advantage“优势，优点”，sme修饰名词的复数形式，故填advantages。
34. 根据“They can be a great pet chice fr peple with limited space and busy lifestyles”可知，猫更容易照顾，根据“less”可知，此处应填形容词easy的比较级，故填easier。
35. 根据“Cats can be very playful and interactive with children and ffer them chances t learn t care fr anther, living being”可知，养猫可以培养孩子们关心其他生物的意识，develp或frm表示“培养”，情态动词can后接动词原形，故填develp/frm。
36. 根据“like talking t cat wners r visiting an animal centre and interacting with cats”可知，这些活动经历有助于你决定是否养猫，experience表示“经历”，此空应填复数名词，故填experiences。
五、多任务混合阅读
1
（2021·贵州遵义）阅读短文E,回答问题及翻译划线部分的句子。
A man named Huang Guping is knwn t the public fr a part f his dctral thesis（博士论文）. Many peple have been mved by his difficult jurney t study.
“I have walked a lng way and vercme s many difficulties befre handing in this thesis. During the 22 years f study, the rad has been a rainy and muddy ne. It is nt easy t get here,” he wrte at the beginning f his thesis.
Huang was brn in a small village. His mther left hme when he was 12. Five years later, his father died in a traffic accident. And in the same year, his grandmther als passed away. ①He culd nly depend n himself t make a living.
In the daytime, he made a little mney by fishing and raising pigs. At night, ding hmewrk r reading bks was the mst enjyable part f his day even withut bright light.
Withut anybdy t depend n, he had t wear thin clthes in winter and walk t schl withut shes in summer.
Huang said that he felt almst defeated（击垮）by the hard life, but he still didn’t give up learning. ②他想要走出去看看这个美丽的世界。
Finally after 22 years f study, Huang’s dream did cme true. Nw Huang is wrking in a big cmpany as a senir researcher and living a better life.
37. Hw did Huang make mney in the daytime?
_______________________________
38. Huang’s dream came true mainly because he is____.（仅限一词）
39. 请在文中找出和“His hard and challenging rad t study has tuched a large number f peple. ”意思相近的句子。
_______________________________
40. 请将文中划线①处译为中文。
_______________________________
41. 请将文中划线②处译为英文。
_______________________________
【答案】37. By fishing and raising pigs.
38. hard-wrking.
39. Many peple have been mved by his difficult jurney t study.
40. 他只能靠自己谋生。
41. He wanted t g ut and see the beautiful wrld.
【解析】【详解】
本文主要向我们介绍了黄国平艰辛的求学之路。他通过自己的辛勤努力，最终实现了自己的梦想。
1. 根据“In the daytime, he made a little mney by fishing and raising pigs. ”可知黄国平白天是通过捕鱼和养猪赚钱。故填：By fishing and raising pigs.
2. 根据“In the daytime, he made a little mney by fishing and raising pigs. At night, ding hmewrk r reading bks was the mst enjyable part f his day even withut bright light.”可推知黄国平的梦想之所以能够实现，主要是因为他很努力。故填：hard-wrking。
3. 题干句意为“他艰苦而富有挑战性的求学之路感动了许多人”， 文中句子“Many peple have been mved by his difficult jurney t study. ”表示“许多人被他艰难的求学之旅所感动”，句意相近。故填：Many peple have been mved by his difficult jurney t study.
4. He他；culd能够；nly只；depend n依靠；himself他自己；t make a living谋生。故填：他只能靠自己谋生。
5.汉译英。“他”译为he；“想要”翻译为want t。此处是在描述过去的事情，要用一般过去时，所以应翻译为wanted t。“走出去看看”翻译为g ut and see 。“这个美丽的世界”翻译为the beautiful wrld。根据英语翻译习惯整理句子，故填：He wanted t g ut and see the beautiful wrld.
2
（2021·辽宁沈阳）Fr years, peple thught that sleep was unimprtant and inactive. Tday, we knw that sleep is imprtant fr gd physical and mental (精神的) health. We have als learned that while a persn is asleep, the brain is very active.
①By ding this they have learned that there are five stages f sleep. Stage ne sleep is very light. During this time, a persn wakes up easily. As we mve int stage (A) ________, ur eyes stp mving and ur brain waves mve mre slwly. During stages three and fur (ften called “deep sleep”) , it is very hard t wake up a persn. During this time, the bdy repairs itself and makes mre cells (细胞). In children and yung adults, the bdy makes a chemical used fr grwing. In the next stage-REM sleep-we begin t breathe faster and ur eyes mve arund quickly, but (B) 我们的身体不动. During this stage, we dream.
The amunt f sleep each persn needs is different, and is ften cnnected t age. ② (C) In general, babies need fifteen t sixteen hurs f sleep a day. Children and teenagers need nine t ten hurs, while adults need six t eight. Over time, nt having enugh sleep-especially deep and REM sleep-can cause ne t becme sick mre easily. Dctrs als think that REM sleep is very imprtant fr learning, thinking, and memry. ③
Scientists are cntinually learning mre (D) ________ sleep, but ne thing they knw fr sure is this: fr humans, it is as imprtant as fd and water.
42. 在文中 (A) 和 (D) 的空白处填入适当的单词：
________; ________
43. 将文中画线部分 (B) 译成英语：
_________________________________________________.
44. 将文中画线部分 (C) 改写为：
In general, babies need t ________ fifteen t sixteen hurs ________ a day.
45. 将 T understand sleep, scientists study brain waves. 填入文中，① ②③三处中最佳的位置是： ________
46. 从文中找出能说明本文主旨大意的中心词：
____________________
【答案】42. tw abut
43. Our bdies d nt mve/We dn’t mve urselves
44. spend sleeping
45. ①
46. sleep
【解析】本文是说明文，短文通过对睡眠的五个阶段的介绍和对睡眠和年龄关系的研究，说明了睡眠对人的重要性。
42. 根据第二段“By ding this they have learned that there are five stages f sleep. Stage ne sleep is very light”，可知这里是说第二阶段，故填tw。根据题干“Scientists are cntinually learning mre…sleep”，可知是说学习关于睡眠的知识，abut sleep关于睡眠，故填abut。综合以上分析，故填tw; abut。
43. 我们的身体：Our bdies；不动：nt mve。but连接并列结构，前后时态需一致，由begin是原形可知是一般现在时；联系mve可知本句是主谓结构，bdies是复数人称，助动词需用d。故填Our bdies d nt mve/We dn’t mve urselves。
44. 根据第三段“In general, babies need fifteen t sixteen hurs f sleep a day”，可知婴儿通常一天需要15到16个小时的睡眠；spend time ding sth.“花费时间做某事”符合语境，故填spend; sleeping。
45. 根据第二段“By ding this they have learned that there are five stages f sleep”，可知本段介绍睡眠的五个阶段，T understand sleep, scientists study brain waves符合语境，故填①。
46. 根据短文内容，结合最后“fr humans, it is as imprtant as fd and water”，可知本文介绍的是睡眠的重要性，中心词是“睡眠”，故填sleep。
3
（2021·山东青岛）阅读下面日记，完成文后各小题。
47. Why did the writer decide t live a mre envirnment-friendly life?
_______________________________________________
48. 从文中找出与划线句子(A)意思相近的句子。
_______________________________________________
49. Translate the underlined sentence(B) int Chinese.
_______________________________________________
50. Hw des the writer live a mre envirnment-friendly life?文中任意两种即可。
By ____________ . By ____________ .
51. As a student, what can yu d t live an envirnment-friendly life?文中提到的除外。
____________ ____________
【答案】47. Because the writer/he/she saw sme pictures f the sea animals influenced by the rubbish in the sea.
48. I’m ging t keep saving the wrld ne day at a time.
49. 为了节能，明天我要坐公交车去上学。/明天我要坐公交车去上学以节能。
50. stpping using plastic wrap taking the bus t schl t save energy
51. Walk t schl. Reuse the textbk.
【解析】本文通过四篇日记讲述了作者过环保生活的起因、方式和感触。作者通过改变自己的生活方式进行环保，即用玻璃容器代替塑料保鲜膜，购物时使用自带的布袋子，乘公交车上学，并决定每天做出一个改变来保护地球。
47. 根据文中“ I saw sme pictures , I am ging t try and live a mre envirnment-friendly life.”可知，作者决定过更加环保生活的原因是他看到了一些受到海洋垃圾影响的海洋动物的图片。故填Because the writer/he/she saw sme pictures f the sea animals influenced by the rubbish in the sea.
48. 划线句子(A)位于第一篇日记，表示“每天我将会努力改变自己做的一件事情来保护地球。”点明了主题，结合文章结构可知，第四篇日记与第一篇相呼应，其中最后一句话表示“我将继续每天拯救世界。”与句子(A)意思相近。故填I’m ging t keep saving the wrld ne day at a time.
49. 句中Tmrrw“明天”作时间状语，因此句子时态为一般将来时；谓语动词take“乘坐”为瞬间动词，用现在进行时表示将来；take the bus固定短语，翻译为“乘坐公交车”；t save energy动词不定式作目的状语，翻译为“为了节约能源”。故填“为了节能，明天我要坐公交车去上学。”或“明天我要坐公交车去上学以节能。”
50. 根据第二篇日记中“Tday I have decided t stp using plastic wrap (塑料保鲜膜) arund the sandwiches that my mm makes fr my lunch. ”和第三篇日记中“Tmrrw I’m taking the bus t schl t save energy.”可知，作者通过不再用塑料保鲜膜以及乘公交车上学来环保。故填stpping using plastic wrap；taking the bus t schl t save energy。
51. 开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为Walk t schl；Reuse the textbk.
4
（2021·山东青岛）阅读下面短文，完成文后各小题。
The Space Engineering Prgram in China dates back t the 1970s. Mre and mre teenagers becme interested in it. Belw are sme great achievements during the prcess f China’s space explratin (探索).
52. What des the underlined wrd “it” in paragraph 1 refer t (指的是) ?
_______________________________________________
53. Hw did China’s first Mars prgram get its name?
_______________________________________________
54. Where did China’s lunar prbe land n the mn in 2020?
_______________________________________________
55. Accrding t the passage, what matter (物质) is studied frm bth the mn and Mars?
_______________________________________________
56. 根据短文内容填空，每空不超过5个单词。China’s first man-made satellite Dngfanghng 1 made China the ____________ cuntry t send a satellite independently. Tiangng Prgram made it pssible fr scientists t ____________ s that mre astrnauts can live and d research in space. _____________ landed n the mn’s dark side. Pictures and vides sent back by China’s first Mars prbe allwed us t see this ____________ planet at such a clse distance. Thanks t the achievements abve, China is nw ne f the leading cuntries in space explratin.
【答案】52. The Space Engineering Prgram in China.
53. The prgram was named after a pem by the famus ancient pet Qu Yuan.
54. A place n the mn that n ther cuntry had ever reached befre.
55. Abut the sil, envirnment, atmsphere, water and s n.
56. the fifth build a large space statin Chang’e 4 lunar prbe red
【解析】本文主要列举了中国空间探索过程中取得的一些重大成就。
52. 根据第一段 “The Space Engineering Prgram in China dates back t the 1970s. Mre and mre teenagers becme interested in it.” 可知，越来越多的青少年对中国的空间工程项目感兴趣。故填The Space Engineering Prgram in China.
53. 根据“The prgram was named after pem by the famus ancient pet Qu Yuan.” 可知，该项目以古代著名诗人屈原的一首诗命名。故填The prgram was named after a pem by the famus ancient pet Qu Yuan。
54. 根据“Chang’e 5 lunar prbe landed n a place n the mn that n ther cuntry had ever reached befre.” 可知，嫦娥5号月球探测器降落在月球上一个其他国家从未到达过的地方。故填 A place n the mn that n ther cuntry had ever reached befre.
55. 根据“It was China’s first Mars prgram t make scientific researches abut the sil, envirnment atmsphere, water and s n.” 可知，天问一号是中国第一个对土壤、环境、大气、水等进行科学研究的火星计划。故填 Abut the sil, envirnment, atmsphere, water and s n.
56. 根据“After that, China became the fifth cuntry t launch (发射) a satellite independently.”可知，中国第一颗人造卫星东方红1号使中国成为第五个独立发射卫星的国家。故第一空填 the fifth；根据 “Finally, a large space statin will be built t allw threp astrnauts t live in and t d research wrk fr a lng time.” 可知，最后将建造一个大型空间站，以允许三名宇航员长期居住和从事研究工作。故第二空填build a large space statin；根据 “Chang’e 4 lunar prbe (月球探测器) landed n the mn’s far side” 可知，嫦娥4号月球探测器降落在月球的远侧(黑暗面)。故第三空填Chang’e 4 lunar prbe；根据 “In May2021, tw phts and tw vides were taken by its prbe during and after the cuntry’s first landing n the red planet.” 可知，中国第一颗火星探测器发回的图片和视频让我们能够在如此近的距离看到这颗红色的行星。故第四空填red。
5
（2021·湖北鄂州）阅读下列材料, 根据其内容完成阅读任务。
Scientists think that there has been life n earth fr millins f years. Hwever, we haven’t fund life n ther planets yet. The earth is a planet and it ges arund the sun. And there are seven ther planets that als g arund the sun. The sun and its planets are called the slar system. The slar system is a small part f the universe.
Scientists have launched many spaceships t explre ther planets in the slar system. Sme spaceships have gne beynd the slar system. Hwever, n ne has discvered any life in space yet.
Why has n ne frm ther planets sent us a message? Have they tried t send infrmatin t us? With s many stars in space, are we alne, r is there life n ther planets in space?
57. 请写出文中划线处“it”指代的内容。_______
58. Accrding t the passage, the slar system includes __________ and __________.
59. Hw many planets are there in the slar system accrding t the passage?
________________________________________________
60. Have any spaceships gne beynd the slar system?
_________________________________________________
61. Fill in the blank with the right wrds accrding t the passage. ________
【答案】57. the earth
58. the sun its planets
59. Eight./8/There are eight planets in the slar system./There are 8 planets in the slar system.
60. Yes, they have./Yes.
61. the slar system
【解析】文章是科学家对宇宙的一些研究情况的科普。
57. 根据“The earth is a planet and it ges arund the sun.”可知，地球是一颗行星，它绕着太阳转，it指的是“地球”，故填the earth。
58. 根据“The sun and its planets are called the slar system.”可知，太阳及其行星被称为太阳系。故填the sun，its planets。
59. 根据“The earth is a planet and it ges arund the sun. And there are seven ther planets that als g arund the sun. The sun and its planets are called the slar system.”可知，太阳系中有8大行星，故填Eight./8./There are eight planets in the slar system./There are 8 planets in the slar system.
60. 根据“Sme spaceships have gne beynd the slar system.”可知，一些宇宙飞船已经超越了太阳系，故填Yes, they have./Yes.
61. 根据“The earth is a planet and it ges arund the sun. And there are seven ther planets that als g arund the sun. The sun and its planets are called the slar system. The slar system is a small part f the universe.”可知，地球围绕着太阳转，太阳及其行星被称为太阳系，而太阳系是宇宙的一小部分，所以图片箭头所指的部分应该是太阳系，故填the slar system。
The title: ___1___ lunch frm different cuntries
Mexic
Tasting Trtillas
◆ They are made frm grund crn.
◆ They can be made int ther shapes ___2___ flat and rund.
◆ Delicius sauces (salsas) are ften added t tacs.
Russia
Sipping Sup
◆ Cabbage sup and beet sup are the mst ___3___ tw sups.
◆ Many Russian sups als include ptates, making sups thick and rich.
◆ Thick sups help peple keep warm and feel ___4___.
Suth Krea
Passing the Pickles
◆ Many dishes, like rice and Kimchi make up f Krean meals.
◆ Ht and spicy fd is ___5___ in Suth Krea.
____6____ are fr everyne at any age
Try new things.
Befre yu try a new things, yu might think yu dn’t like it. If yu’ve never dne it, yu shuld ____7____ it a chance.
____8____.
It's a gd idea t write dwn 3 new things.
Dn’t wrry if yu knw little abut them.
Cllect things.
If yu are a ftball fan, yu can cllect ____9____.
Cmmunicate with thers.
Dn’t mind ____10____ with new peple.
Yu can learn frm them and find new hbbies.
__11__ My dad lst his jb. We have mney, but I dn’t knw if we have enugh t last.__12__ My mm is always n her phne. I want t spend mre time with her.
__13__ My parents are giving me the chice t teach my sister pian. Any tips?
__14__ My mm tells me t get rid f sme f my things, but they all seem special.
__15__ My parents argue a lt. I wish I culd make them stp. It’s really upsetting.
A. Ask yurself whether yu really value and use them. T help yu decide, try an experiment. Ntice what yu use ver a mnth’s time. At the end f the mnth, yu might cnsider giving away what yu didn’t use. Knwing that yur things will bring happiness t smene else may help yu let them g.B. Yur mm may nt realize hw yu feel. Ask her if there’s a time when yu tw can sit dwn t talk abut smething that’s n yur mind. Als, yu can start a daily “team” rutine, like washing dishes tgether. Chres can be a great time t talk, sing, r tell jkes.
C. Yu’re nt alne. Adults disagree at times, just as kids d. They must slve their wn disagreement. If yu feel unhappy, fcus n things that’ll help yu feel calm. D activities yu enjy, r write r draw t express hw yu feel. At a time when things are calm, tell yur parents hw yu feel.
D. Tell them hw yu’re feeling. Althugh they may nt have all the answers right nw. Give ne anther a little mre space. During times f change, it’s natural fr peple t feel sad r upset mre ften than usual. Remember t be kind t yurself and t ne anther as yur family decides hw t mve frward.
E. What an exciting chance! Talk t yur parents and sister abut what they expect. Tgether, make a clear plan fr the lessns. This will help yu up fr success. Yu culd als cnsider using a pian bk, which may help yu plan each lessn. Finally, remember t be patient with yur sister.
Saturday 29 May Smething has changed my mind tday. I saw sme pictures f the sea animals influenced by the rubbish in the sea. I can’t get that ut f my mind. S, I am ging t try and live a mre envirnment-friendly life. (A)Each day I will keep trying t change ne thing that I d t prtect the earth.
Mnday 31 May
Tday I have decided t stp using plastic wrap (塑料保鲜膜) arund the sandwiches that my mm makes fr my lunch. Plastic wrap keeps my sandwich nice and fresh, and it’s easy t thrw away. Hwever, I cme up with a better idea. I can use a glass cntainer (容器) instead f the plastic wrap. S, I can reuse it the next day fr lunch. And I tld this t my classmates t. I hpe t see mre reusable cntainers at schl tmrrw.
Thursday 3 June
Gd news, when I tk ut my glass cntainer, I nticed mre f my classmates bring their hme-made lunch in their wn cntainers t schl! Tnight, when I was shpping with my mm, I fund a shp which desn’t prvide any plastic bags! The idea f the shp is that yu bring yur
wn clth bags. In this way, there are n plastic r paper bags t thrw away at hme. When I left the stre with the buys in my wn clth bags, I felt very prud f myself. (B)Tmrrw I’m taking the bus t schl t save energy.
Friday 4 June
What a wnderful bus ride t schl tday! Well, it’s been a week since I decided t try t live a mre envirnment-friendly life. The unbelievable part is that I can actually see a difference in the garbage(垃圾) in my hme. The garbage bag is lighter and nly ne third filled. I feel excited that I have made a real difference. I’m ging t keep saving the wrld ne day at a time.
Time
Name
Infrmatin
Apr.24,1970
Dngfanghng 1
It was China’s first man-made space satellite (卫星). In its 20 days f wrking life, it sent space infrmatin t the Earth.
After that, China became the fifth cuntry t launch (发射) a satellite independently.
Sept.29,2011
Tiangng 1
They prvided a place fr ding experiments in space and practicing spacecraft dcking (飞行器对接). This is an imprtant technlgy fr building larger space statins r sending mre spacecrafts t the mn, Mars and farther places in the future. Finally, a large space statin will be built t allw three astrnauts t live in and t d research wrk fr a lng time.
Sept.15,2016
Tiangng 2
Jan.3,2019
Chang’e 4
Chang’e 4 lunar prbe (月球探测器) landed n the mn’s far side (dark side) and sftly tuched dwn, which pened a new page in histry f mankinds’ space explratin. It then sent back three phts f the landing place. That marked the wrld’s first pictures taken n the surface f the far side.
Jul.23,2020
Tianwen 1
It was China’s first Mars prgram t make scientific researches abut the sil (土壤), envirnment, atmsphere (大气), water and s n. In May 2021, tw phts and tw vides were taken by its prbe during and after the cuntry’s first landing n the red planet. The prgram was named after a pem by the famus ancient pet Qu Yuan and shws the Chinese peple’s unending effrts t discver the truth f nature and the universe, as well as the explratins in science and technlgy.
Nv.24,2020
Chang’e 5
Chang’e 5 lunar prbe landed n a place n the mn that n ther cuntry had ever reached befre. It was China’s first return flight and successfully brught back sme sil frm the mn.