考点09非谓语动词与语法填空&短文改错

考点09 非谓语动词【考点解读】 非谓语动词是高中英语比较难得语法点，也是每年高考必考的考点。在完形填空，语法填空，短文改错等题型中经常会发现非谓语动词的考点。【重点考向】考向1 非谓语动词做主语 （ -ing/-to do）1. 如果表语是不定式，主语也是不定式；表语是动名词，主语也是动名词。如：To see is to believe.＝Seeing is believing.2. 动名词作主语的句型。如：It is no use/no good/useless doing sth.It is a waste of time doing(也可用It is a waste of time to do)3. 动词不定式和动名词的复合结构：动词不定式的复合结构有两种：It is difficult/easy/possible/necessary/...for sb. to do sth.和It is kind/wise/foolish/considerate/...of sb. to do动名词的复合结构是由名词所有格或“物主代词＋动名词”构成。在口语和非正式语体中，只要不是作主语，动名词复合结构中的逻辑主语常采用名词通格或人称代词宾格。如：His coming made me happy.I can't imagine his/him living there alone.4.动名词被动式作主语(过去分词不可作主语)。如：Being exposed to the sunlight for a long time does harm to your skin.典例引领Since I was small, my parents have told me that it is no use ________(bother) about those who always stand still and refuse to make progress.【答案】bothering【解析】句意：从我小时候起，我的父母就告诉我为总是故步自封的人而烦恼是没有什么用的。It is no use doing sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事没有用”；bother about sb.意为“为某人而烦恼”。2. ________(travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.【答案】Travelling/Traveling【解析】句意：沿着古老的丝绸之路旅行是一种有趣且有益的体验。分析句子结构可知，空格处所在短语在句中作主语，故用动名词。考向2 非谓语动词做宾语 （ -ing/-to do）1. 下面的动词要求用不定式作宾语：attempt(企图)，afford(负担得起)，demand(要求)，long(渴望)，desire(渴望)，expect，hope，wish，want，swear(发誓)，volunteer(自愿)，offer(提供)，fail(未能)，plan，care(关心，喜欢)，happen(碰巧)，prepare(准备)，learn(学习)，choose(选择)，hesitate(犹豫)，claim(要求)，promise，undertake(承接)，appear(似乎)，seek(寻觅)，refuse(拒绝)，decide(决定)，determine(决定)，manage(设法)，pretend(假装)，agree(同意)，bother(烦恼)，intend(想要)，wait(等待)2. 下面的动词只能用动名词作宾语：acknowledge(承认)，admit(承认)，deny(否认)，mention(说到，讲到)，tolerate/stand/bear(忍受)，dislike(不喜欢)，advocate(提倡，主张)，appreciate(感激，欣赏)，avoid(避免)，enjoy(享受)，envy(嫉妒)，delay(延迟)，postpone(延迟，延期)，escape(逃跑，逃避)，excuse/pardon/forgive(原谅)，fancy(幻想，爱好)，imagine(想象)，favour(造成，偏爱)，mind(介意)，miss(错过)，finish(完成)，resist(抵抗)，risk(冒险)，involve(包含)，practise(实践)，suggest/advise/recommend(建议)，prevent(阻止)，keep(保持)，quit/abandon(放弃，停止)，understand(理解)，include(包括)3. 后接动名词作宾语的动词短语和句型有：have(no/much/some/...) difficulty/trouble/a hard time(in)，take pleasure in，spend time/money (in)，waste time(in)，be worth，be busy，feel like，be committed to4. to作为介词的短语有：look forward to，pay attention to，object to＝be opposed to，be devoted to，stick to，come close to(差一点)，get down to(开始认真做)，get/be accustomed/used to(doing), lead to＝contribute to(sb. doing/being done)5. allow，permit，forbid，advise，recommend的用法：allow/permit/forbid/advise/recommend＋doingallow/permit/forbid/advise/recommend＋sb.＋to do如：I don't allow smoking in my room.I don't allow him to smoke in my room.6.既可以接-ing又可以接-to do，但意义有差别的动词①forget to do sth.　　忘记要去做某事(此事未做)forget doing sth.　　忘记做过某事(此事已做过或已发生)remember to do sth.　　记得去做某事(未做)remember doing sth.　　记得做过某事(已做)②stop to do　　停止(某件事)，目的是去做另一件事stop doing　　停止正在或经常做的事go on to do　　继续(去做另外一件事情)go on doing　　继续(原先没有做完的事情)③regret to do sth.　　对要做的事感到遗憾(遗憾地要去做某事)regret doing sth.　　对过去做过的事或未做过的事感到后悔(后悔做过或未做过某事)④try to do　　努力、企图做try doing　　试验、试一试某种办法⑤mean to do　　(人)打算，有意要……mean doing　　(物)意味着⑥can't help (to) do sth.　　不能帮助做某事can't help doing sth.　　情不自禁做某事典例引领【2020·全国新课标I改错】My mom told me how to preparing it.考查非谓语动词。句意：我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道菜。分析句子可知，“how+不定式”作told的宾语，to是不定式符号，后应接动词原形，故将preparing改为prepare。2. I didn't mean ________(eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help________(try) it.【答案】to eat；trying【解析】句意：我没打算吃东西，但这冰淇淋看上去如此美味以至于我忍不住品尝了一下。mean to do sth.打算做某事；mean doing sth. 意味着做某事；can't help doing sth. 禁不住/忍不住做某事；can't help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做某事。3.[2017·全国卷Ⅰ]by 68.________ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.【答案】68. eating　【解析】考查动名词。根据前文中的by可知此处应该填eat的动名词形式。故填eating。考向3 非谓语动词做表语 （-ing/-ed/-to do）1. 不定式作表语，一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。Her hobby is playing basketball.Her hobby is to play basketball.Her job is to teach English.2. 过去分词作表语，表示“感到，觉得”，现在分词作表语，表示“令人……”。此类词有：embarrass，excite，interest，delight，disappoint，encourage，inspire，please，puzzle，satisfy，surprise，worry，convince等。典例引领1.（2016·上海）Do you find yourself getting impatient or _____(annoy) with people over unimportant things?... If the answer to all those questions is yes, you had better control your stress, as you probably are under more stress than is good for you.【答案】annoyed  【解析】考查形容词。形容词annoyed恼怒的，该词是由过去分词转换而来的形容词，通常修饰人。本句中该词和impatient构成并列关系一起和系动词get构成系表结构。2.（2019全国III卷）Now my dream is to opens a cafe. 【答案】opens改为 open【解析】考查不定式的用法。不定式做表语，to后用动词原形。故把 opens改为 open。3.【2016·四川】Mom was grateful and moving.【答案】moving---moved 【解析】句意：妈妈即感激有感动。故把moving---moved。考向4 非谓语动词做宾语补足语 （-ing/-ed/-to do）1.下面的动词要求用不定式作宾补(动词＋宾语＋动词不定式)：ask(请，叫)，tell(告诉)，get(使，让)，prefer(喜欢，宁愿)，like(喜欢)，force(强迫)，press(迫使)，require(要求)，request(请求)，advise(劝告)，pray(请求)，remind(提醒)，beg(请求)，invite(吸引，邀请)，command(命令)，order(命令)，intend(想要，企图)，drive(驱赶)，train(训练)，cause(引起)，instruct(指示)，direct(指导)，warn(告诫)，enable(使能够)，need(需要)，urge(激励，力说)，inspire(鼓舞)，encourage(鼓励)，want(想要)，lead(引起，使得)，teach(教)，wish(希望)。2.感官动词，如：see，watch，observe，notice，look at，hear，listen to，feel等。感官动词后可接不带to的不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语。使役动词have，make的用法(注意have作为“有”的用法)：使役动词have可接不带to的不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语；make后接不带to的不定式、过去分词、名词、形容词作宾语补足语。3.catch，find，get，leave，keep，set，send后接非谓语动词作宾语补足语。典例引领1.【2018·天津】7. I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs___________.A. taking B. takenC. being taken D. take【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我需要一个新护照，所以我将不得不拍照片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语，宾语my photograph与补足语之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。C项表示正在进行。故选B。Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it ________(perform) live is quite another.【答案】being performed【解析】句意：在家里面听音乐是一回事，去到现场听又是另一回事。此处表示“听到音乐正在被演奏”。考向5 非谓语动词做状语 （-ing/-ed/-to do）-ing/-ed除表示伴随之外还表示时间、让步或条件。-to除了表示目的，还表示结果、情感或心理状态原因。尤其注意表示特性的形容词(comfortable，difficult，easy等)后接的不定式要用主动形式表示被动意义。 典例引领1.(2019·江苏卷) __________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.A. To enjoy B. Enjoying C. To have enjoyed D. Enjoy【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语。句意：为了享受数字支付的方便，很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。故选A。2,【2018·北京】6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. share B. to share C. having shared D. shared【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中秋节期间，家人们通常会聚在一起吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼。gather是谓语动词，“_________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes”是状语，家人聚在一起的目的是吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼，表目的用动词不定式，故B选项正确。点睛：动词不定式可以做主语，状语，定语，宾语，表语等。动词不定式做目的状语时，可以置于主句之前也可以置于主句之后，通常译为“为了”。3.【2018·北京】10. Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. used B. to use C. using D. use【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句，_________ correctly是条件状语，修饰ordinary soap，ordinary soap和use之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词，A选项正确。考向6 非谓语动词做定语 （-ing/-ed/-to do）不定式作定语，表示将来；现在分词作定语，表示正在发生或主动；过去分词作定语，表示过去或被动。此外，在warning，ability，failure，determination，wish，decision等词后面用不定式作定语；不定式作定语还可用来修饰序数词、最高级或no，all，any等限定语。典例引领1.The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ________(range) from butterflies to elephants.【答案】ranging【解析】句意：国家公园有大量的野生动物，从蝴蝶到大象都有。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空格处用非谓语动词，且空格处与其逻辑主语a large collection of wildlife之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。2.China has clear actions________(address)environmental protection, sustainable development and climate change.【答案】addressing【解析】句意：中国为应对环保、可持续发展以及气候变化采取了明确的行动。分析句子成分可知，本题为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰actions，再结合句意可知，actions与address之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。考向7 非谓语动词的特殊形式“疑问词＋不定式”结构 疑问词who，what，which，when，where和how后加不定式可构成一种特殊的不定式短语。它在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语和宾语补足语。特殊结构：only to do，never to do，only doing only to do意为“结果却”；never to do意为“结果却再没有”；only doing意为“只是做”。一致性 不定式和分词的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语保持一致，否则只能用从句或独立主格结构。with复合结构/独立主格结构 1.with后面的宾补可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词(表主动)、过去分词(表被动)、不定式(表将来)。with复合结构在句中作原因或伴随状语，还可以作定语。with + 名词 + to do （不定式动作尚未发生）With so many people to help us, we are sure to finish it in time．with + 名词 + doing（强调名词是 -ing分词的动作的发出者或某动作，正在进行）He fell asleep with the lamp burning．他没熄灯就睡着了。 With + 名词 + -ed 分词 （强调名词是 -ed分词动作的承受者或动作已经发生）All the afternoon he worked with the door locked．2.独立主格结构的构成：①名词(代词)＋现在分词(与前面构成主动关系)；②名词(代词)＋过去分词(与前面构成被动关系)；③名词(代词)＋不定式(表将来)；④名词(代词)＋副词；⑤名词(代词)＋形容词；⑥名词(代词)＋介词短语；⑦名词(代词)＋名词。评注性分词 评注性分词有：judging from/by(按照……判断)，considering(就……而言)，generally speaking(总的来说)，talking/speaking of(说起)。但是注意区别judge和consider作为及物动词时的用法。st cities in the world，Shanghai is very popular now.被动形式表主动意义的几个动词 be seated＝sit，be located＝lie，be dressed in＝wear，be left＝remain，be devoted to＝devote oneself to。典例引领1.（2019·江苏卷） China's image is improving steadily, with more countries__________ its role in international affairs.A. recognizing B. being recognized C. to be recognized D. recognized【答案】A【解析】考查with复合结构。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用with + 名词 + 现在分词结构，故选A。 【考点过关】1．As members of a British team, they were the first________ it to the summit of Mount Qomolangma.A．to make B．made C．making D．having made2．________ more about amazing animal facts, he made a trip to the nearby nature reserve.A．Finding out B．Found out C．To find out D．Being found out3．Have you made full preparations for the presentation ________ tomorrow afternoon?A．delivered B．will be delivered C．delivering D．to be delivered4．Even today, he still does not easily take to ________ things like chicken feet.A．eat B．eating C．to eat D．ate5．Mike’s never willing to change his mind. It’s no use ________ with him.A．to argue B．arguing C．argued D．have been argued6．Listen! Can you hear the opera________ somewhere near here?A．singing B．being sung C．sung D．to be sung7．At present, there are thousands of people ________around the clock to fight against the flood.A．are working B．worked C．working D．to work8．With the homework ________, he was allowed to watch the football match.A．finished B．finishing C．to finish D．to be finished9．The agreement________ between the two companies last week will come into effect soon.A．to sign B．to be signed C．signed D．signing10．With a large amount of work ________, the CEO couldn’t spare time for a holiday.A．remained to be done B．remained being doneC．remaining to be done D．remaining to do1.（2021·天津卷）China's National Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views.A．to extend B．extended C．extending D．being extended2.（（2020·新课标I卷短文改错））I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.3. （2020·新课标I卷短文改错）My mom told me how to preparing it4. （2020·新课标II卷语法填空）They represent the earth 63． (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.5. （2020·新课标II卷语法填空）They make great gifs and you see them many times 65． (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.6. （2020·新课标II卷语法填空）They are easy 68． (care) for and make great presents.7. （2020·新课标III卷语法填空）The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67． (find) the well-known painter.8. （2020·新课标III卷语法填空）And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds69． (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.9.(2020·山东新高考语法填空) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves (they) living at a different time in history or 43．(walk)through a rainforest.【答案】 walking10. (2020·浙江卷语法填空) Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 60．(change)lives.11. (2020·浙江卷语法填空)Later，they learned to work with the seasons (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas， 63． (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.12. （2020·江苏卷）Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.A. combined with B. combining with C. having combined with D. to be combined with13．（2020·（天津卷)英语笔试（第一次)）___________in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.A．Having completed B．Being completedC．Completed D．Completing14．（2020·（天津卷)英语笔试（第一次)）The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection ____________ economic growth.A．to be promoted B．being promoted C．promoting D．to promote15．（2020·（天津卷)英语笔试（第二次)）______ us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.A．To help B．Helped C．Helping D．Being helped1．The old man, who ________ in the rope, saw the fishing spear ________ into the shark’s head.A．was wrapping, threw B．wrapped, being thrownC．was wrapped, thrown D．wrapping, throw2．________ by Arun with a number of customers, the idea of developing solar-power batteries for people in India would work definitely.A．Being tested B．Having been testedC．Having tested D．To be tested3．In fact, people from different continents prefer to________ the diversity of products ________ by various companies.A．enjoying, made B．enjoying, makingC．enjoy, making D．enjoy, made4．With the population ________ at an alarming rate, experts are amazed that there are so many people on the planet, and ________ that there will be ten billion of us before the end of this century.A．is increasing, predict B．increasing, predictingC．increasing, predict D．to be increasing, predicted5．When I am travelling, I always take something in case I am hungry.A．to eat B．eaten C．eating D．eat6．He is a student at Oxford University________ for a degree in computer science.A．studied B．studying C．to study D．to be studying7．Isn’t it time you got down to ________ the papers?A．mark B．be marked C．being marked D．marking8．Many children of Chinese immigrants in Canada study English at school and speak Chinese at home, ________to fluency in both languages.A．led B．to lead C．leading D．having led.9．________ by the beauty of the piano music, the audience almost forgot to applaud when the pianist finally finished it.A．Attract B．To attract C．Attracting D．Attracted10．With all the magazines I needed ________, I left the post office.A．buying B．to buy C．bought D．to be bought【考点过关】参考答案1．A【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为英国队的成员，他们是第一批成功到达珠峰的人。分析可知，当名词作表语且被序数词修饰，或表语本身就是序数词时应用不定式作后置定语，the first to make it to the summit of Mount Qomolangma“第一批成功到达珠峰的人”。故选A。2．C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了了解更多关于神奇动物的事实，他去了附近的自然保护区。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。故选C。3．D【详解】考查to do不定式的被动语态。句意：你为明天下午的演讲做了充分的准备吗？动词deliver和谓语动词之间没有连词，所以应用非谓语形式。根据“tomorrow afternoon”可知，此处应用to do不定式表将来。动词deliver意为“发表”，和逻辑主语presentation构成被动关系。所以应用to do不定式的被动语态作后置定语修饰presentation。故选D。4．B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：即使在今天，他仍然不容易喜欢吃像鸡爪这样的东西。根据句意可知，此处表示“喜欢做某事”，为固定短语take to doing sth.，所以空处要用动名词作宾语。故选B项。5．B【详解】考查动名词作主语。句意：迈克从不愿意改变主意。和他争论是没有用的。固定句型：It’s no use doing sth.“做某事没有用”，其中it是形式主语，动名词是句子的真正主语。故选B。6．B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听！你能听到这附近有人唱歌剧吗？结合listen和hear可知，此处为固定短语hear sb. doing sth.“听见某人正在做某事”，现在分词表动作正在进行，又逻辑主语the opera和sing之间为被动关系，故用现在分词的被动形式，作宾补。故选B。7．C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：目前，成千上万的人夜以继日地与洪水作斗争。分析可知，句中已有谓语动词are，因此此处使用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词people，people与work之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词表示主动，故选C。8．A【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作业做完后，他被允许看足球赛。分析句子结构可知，此处是with的复合结构，其构成为：with+ n+ 非谓语动词，空处动词finish与其逻辑主语homework之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词finished作宾语补足语。故选A。9．C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这两家公司上周签署的协议将很快生效。本句已经有谓语，所以空处为非谓语动词，The agreement与sign在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故选C项。10．C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有大量的工作要做，首席执行官不能抽出时间去度假。这里是with的复合结构，remain是不及物动词，无被动式，用现在分词形式，故排除A、B。do与逻辑主语work之间表示将来被做的工作，故用不定式的被动式，故选C。1.【答案】C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的国道318号，从上海到西藏樟木，延伸出5000多公里，因为它的令人赞叹的景观，被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知，is known as是整个句子的谓语动词，所以空格处应填非谓语动词，extend与主语China's National Highway 318之间的关系为主动，所以用extending。故选C。2.【答案】 frying改为fried【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词fry与tomatoes之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用过去分词作定语，故将frying改为fried。3. 【答案】 preparing改为prepare。 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道菜。分析句子可知，“how+不定式”作told的宾语，to是不定式符号，后应接动词原形，故将preparing改为prepare。4.【答案】coming【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。5. 【答案】 decorated【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。6. 【答案】 to care。【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故填to care。7. 【答案】 to find【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。8. 【答案】 surrounding【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。9.【答案】 walking【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分，共同做imagine的宾补，imagine sb doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。故填walking。10. 【答案】 to change【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。11.【答案】 making【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，make所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of和逻辑主语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填making。12. 【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。此处是短语:be combined with“与……结合/联合”，本句中省略be动词，使用过去分词做状语。故选A。13．【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：1931年完工的帝国大厦是1954年之前最高的摩天大楼，它激发了全世界的想象力。句中谓语动词是inspired，此处用非谓语动词。主语the Empire State Building和动词complete是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。A项是现在分词的完成式，不表被动。B项是doing的被动式。故选C。14．【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：地方政府不必为了促进经济增长而牺牲环境保护。通过分析句子成分并翻译语境可知，句中存在谓语doesn't have to sacrifice，空中需使用非谓语动词且表示目的性关系，因此使用动词不定式形式。故选D项。15．【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了帮助我们准备考试，老师建议通读我们的笔记。分析句子结构可知，老师建议我们诵读笔记是”为了“帮助我们准备考试。故表目的，应用动词不定式。故选A。1．C【详解】考查动词时态语态和非谓语。句意：被绳子缠住的老人看到鱼叉被扎进鲨鱼的脑袋里。第一空为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The old man，先行词在从句中作主语，与逻辑主语构成被动关系，根据后文saw可知用一般过去时的被动语态；第二空为“see+宾语+宾补”结构，the fishing spear与throw构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故选C。2．B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经过阿伦和一些客户的测试，为印度人开发太阳能电池的想法肯定会成功。分析句子结构可知，“_______ by Arun with a number of customers”作状语，应用非谓语，结合句意，“test(测试)”在谓语动作“would work”之前发生，所以应用完成式形式；该词“test”和主语“the idea of developing solar-power batteries for people in India”为被动关系，所以应用被动形式。综上，应用现在分词完成时被动形式作状语，故填Having been tested，故选B。3．D【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：事实上，来自不同大陆的人们更喜欢享受不同公司生产的产品的多样性。第一空为短语prefer to do sth.，表示“更喜欢做某事”；第二空make在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语the diversity of products构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故选D。4．C【详解】考查现在分词和一般现在时。句意：随着人口以惊人的速度增长，专家们对地球上的人口如此之多感到惊讶，并预测到本世纪末地球人口将达到100亿。在“with+宾语+宾补”结构中，increase和population构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式。动词predict和谓语are之间有连词and，所以应用谓语形式。根据“experts are amazed”可知，此处应用一般现在时。故选C。5．A【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我旅行时，我总是带些吃的东西以防我饿了。分析句子结构可知eat在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处修饰不定代词something，应用不定式作后置定语。故选A。6．B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他是牛津大学的一名攻读计算机科学学位的学生。分析句子结构可知，此句已有谓语is，所以此空应用非谓语动词，结合句意，可知此空是空前名词a student的定语，a student与study之间是主动关系，且表示“正在攻读计算机科学学位”，所以用现在分词，故选B。7．D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你不是该认真批改试卷了？固定搭配get down to doing sth.“开始做某事”，其中to为介词，后面接动名词或名词，所以排除A、B项。mark和逻辑主语you之间为主动关系，所以用marking，故选D项。 8．C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多在加拿大的中国移民的孩子在学校学习英语，在家里说中文，因此两种语言都很流利。lead to为固定短语，意为“造成，导致，致使”；分析句子可知，该句已有动词，设空出应为非谓语动词，另因逻辑主语Many children of Chinese immigrants in Canada study English at school and speak Chinese at home与lead to互为主谓关系，应用现在分词形式，在句中作状语。故选C项。9．D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被钢琴音乐的美妙所吸引，当钢琴师终于演奏完时，观众几乎忘记了鼓掌。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，动词attract意为“吸引”，和主语audience构成被动关系，所以应用过去分词。故选D。10．C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：带着所有我需要的杂志，我离开了邮局。with的复合结构为with+名词+非谓语动词的形式，非谓语动词的逻辑主语为with后的名词。buy和其逻辑主语all the magazines之间为被动关系，且表动作已经完成，所以用过去分词。故选C。序号内容 1考点解读命题趋势 2重点考向考向1-7 典例引领 3考点过关跟踪训练 真题再现 模拟检测